FACTORS AFFECTING CRIMINALITY AMONG CHILDREN IN ILIGAN CITY

Presented to

The Faculty of Criminology Department

St. Peters College

Iligan City

In partial fulfillment

Of the requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in criminology

Submitted by:

Jehu V. Samodal

Jumar F. Reboldal

Jeffry B. Baguio

August 202
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

The Problem

Children are the priceless gift from God and are the treasure of one family. The

family and the community have the primal role in shaping the totality of these

children. However, due some circumstances some children deviate from the

standard norms and become in conflict with the promulgated laws. Mental health

professionals describe delinquency as a pattern of bad or disruptive behavior, such

as bulling and lying, which may lead to more serious anti-social activities, such as

fighting and stealing. If not corrected, bad juvenile behavior can have far-reaching

ramifications, such as serious bodily injury, arrest or death, for both you and your

teen. Biological influences specific to the individual child are often factors leading to

bad juvenile behavior. Anti-social behavior, defined as actions that show a lack of

consideration for others, is considered to have a biological origin. Other biological

issues, such as abnormally high or low behavioral triggers in response to slow

cognitive growth and abnormal emotional development, can also lead to bad juvenile

behavior. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder commonly referred to as ADHA, can

cause children to act out on a consistent basis. In many cases, biological factors can

be remedied, or at least mitigated, with medical treatment and cognitive therapy. The

child’s environment is often a catalyst for bad behavior. Failure to make friends at

school or poor academic performance can often be the cause of juvenile

delinquency. Poverty and living in a dangerous neighborhood will sometimes lead

children to engage in criminal activities. If your child has easy access to drugs,

alcohol, cigarettes or weapons, he may turn to risky behavior, as a way to escape

the pressure of what he feels is an unhappy life.

Based on maternal and self-reports, a moderately strong association between

siblings ‘delinquency is found. The relationship remains significant controlling for

childhood aggression and family environment factors measured during childhood

(age 5) and adolescence (age 14), using both standardized instruments and new

scales. This effect varies according to the sex composition of the sibling pair and is

stronger for males and those whose parents have been arrested. The need for

increased attention to sibling influences by researchers and prevention practitioners

are discussed.In the Iligan City, where the plight of majority of the poor remains

largely unaddressed, manybarangays become breeding grounds for children’s

offenders. While many of these children were able to rise from the rut proving that

poverty isn’t a justifiable excuse for committing crime thousands of other children’s

have failed to get out of the trap and are forced to break the law primarily to survive.
Statement of the Problem

This study will be conducted to determine the factors affecting criminality among

children in Iligan City.

1. What is the demographic profile of the children’s respondents in terms of?

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Education

2. What are the factors affecting criminality among children in Iligan City in terms of?

2.1: Poverty

2.2: Parental neglect

2.3: Low self-esteem

2.4: Alcohol

2.5: Drugs abuse, and

2.6: Family problems

3. Is there a significant difference in criminality among children in Iligan City?

4. What program can support development to avoid criminality among children in

Iligan City?
Hypothesis

H1. There are no significant differences between Iligan City to other neighborhood

cities is that affecting criminality among the children. Because we have common

similarities of problem that were facing right now.

Theoretical Framework

This chapter is not meant to be a comprehensive overview of all the literature on risk

factors. Rather it focuses on factors that are most relevant to prevention efforts. For

reviews of risk factor literature, see, for example, Hawkins et al., 1998; Lipsey and

Derzon, 1998; Rutter et al., 1998.) The chapter discusses risk factors for offending,

beginning with risks at the individual level, including biological, psychological,

behavioral, and cognitive factors. Social level risk factors are discussed next; these

include family and peer relationships. Finally, community-level risk factors, including

school and neighborhood attributes, are examined. Although individual, social, and

community level factors interact, each level is discussed separately for clarity.
 Conceptual Framework

Figure 1 below is a diagram of the study's independent variables, which is the status

profile of children which covers the gender, education, and age. Regardless of the

fact that the study's dependent variables will be the factors affecting criminality

among children in Iligan City which will be determined in terms of analysis of data

through questionnaires and informal interview.

The status Analysis of

profile of data through:
children

a.
a. Gender Questionnaires Support
Development
Program

b. Education b.

Informal
Interviews
c. Age

Significance of the Study

The researcher aimed to come up with a study that would provide indispensable

information about the factors affecting criminality among children in Iligan City.

Further, the research would also help with the following:

Community- Can help to avoid children in criminality by making a program that can

help those children to avoid criminality and also guide them into a proper or simple

life.

Police officers- Should guide those children in Iligan City to avoid criminal actions.

They are tasked with serving and protecting people in Iligan City, especially children.

Parents- They can assist and help their children to avoid criminality by giving time

and love to their children.

Scope and Limitation

This study will focus on randomly selected children that live in different areas. This

study will be conducted to determine the factors affecting criminality among children

in Iligan City as perceived by respondents.

Definition of terms

Terms are conceptually and operationally defined for better understanding of the

readers.

Liberty-The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by

the authorities on one way of life, behavior, or political views.

Police- The civil force of a national or local government responsible for the

prevention and detection of crime and the maintenance of law enforcement.

Public safety- Refers to the welfare and protection of the general public. It is usually

expressed as a government responsibility.

Community- Refers to a place or area and also a group of people who share a

common interest, a group of people living together or in the same locality, or a sense

of identity.

DSWD- Department of social welfare and development is the executive department

of the Philippine government responsible for the protection of Filipinos and promoting

social development.