A NA T OMY

T h e c o r o n a ry a rt e r ie s s u p p ly b lo o d t o t h e h e a rt m u s c le . A s w it h a ll o t h e r
tissues in the body, the heart muscle needs oxygen-rich blood to function and deoxygenated blood
must be expelled. The coronary arteries run along the outside of the heart and have small branches
that penetrate the heart muscle to carry blood.
The left coronary artery (ICA). The left main coronary artery supplies blood to the left side of the heart
muscle (the left ventricle and left atrium). The left main coronary artery divides into two branches:
The left anterior descending artery is a branch of the left coronary artery and supplies blood to the
anterior portion of the left side of the heart. The circumflex artery that arises from the left coronary
artery and surrounds the heart muscle. This artery supplies blood to the outer and posterior areas of
the heart.
The right coronary artery (RCA). The right coronary artery carries blood to the right ventricle, right
atrium, sinoatrial node (SA node), and atrioventricular node (AV node), which regulate heart rate.
The right coronary artery divides into smaller branches, including the right posterior descending
artery and the acute marginal artery.

The saphenous vein is a continuation of the medial dorsal vein and, through the latter, of the medial end of the dorsal arch of the foot. Vertically
ascending, escorted by the saphenous nerve, it passes in front of the tibial malleolus, then the medial aspect of the leg and knee and the anteromedial
aspect of the thigh, until it reaches 3 or 4 centimeters below the inguinal ligament. Once here it bends forward, it pierces the cribriform fascia through
the saphenous hiatus or fossa ovale, which is limited laterally by a semilunar-shaped fold of the fascia lata known as the falciform border or ligament of
Allan Burns or ligament of Hey with a superior horn. and a lower horn on which the saphenous tree mounts. It describes a concave arch below and
laterally, called the arch or crook of the great saphenous artery, whose concavity runs through the deep external pudendal artery; finally, the great
 A NA T OMY
saphenous artery opens in the anteromedial part of the femoral vein.
 E X A M: C OR ONA R Y DOP PL E R
I t i s a p r o c e d u r e t h a t u s e s a s p e c i a l d y e (c o n t r a s t
e arteries in the heart.

onary arteries.

PATIENT DATA
H E P A T I T I S B : (- )
C H E C K L IS T
T A B L E A R R A NGE ME NT
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PATIENT POSITION
S UR GIC A L T E A M P OS IT ION
SURGICAL PROCESS
The surgeon makes an incision in the chest, usually through the breastbone (median
sternotomy), to access the heart. It can also be performed through minimally invasive
surgery in some cases. Removal of the saphenous vein or internal mammary artery: A
blood vessel is removed from another part of the patient's body, usually the saphenous
vein in the leg or the internal mammary artery in the chest. This glass will be used to
create the bypasses. Creating bypasses: The surgeon connects the removed blood
vessel (saphenous or internal mammary artery) to the aorta and coronary arteries,
bypassing obstructions. This allows blood to flow around the blocked areas, providing
the heart with an adequate supply of blood and oxygen.
Blood flow tests: Tests are done to make sure new bypasses have adequate blood flow
and are working properly.
Incision closure: Once all necessary bypasses have been created, the chest incision is
closed with sutures or staples.
Postoperative recovery: The patient is transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU)
for monitoring. Full recovery may take several weeks, during which specialized
medical care and rehabilitation is provided.