LA Module-1c (Shared)

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
VI SEMESTER
18ARC6.6
FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H
© 2020, Nitte School of Architecture, Planning & Design, Bengaluru. All rights reserved to NITTE SAPD.
SYLLABUS - MODULE - 1
Introduction to the discipline of Landscape Architecture
a. Landscape as a broad terminology

Natural and Man-modified landscapes
b. Brief history and growth of landscape architecture as a design

and planning profession from gardens to regional landscapes.
c. Scope and nature of professional work in contemporary landscape architecture

Changing priorities of disciplinary approach :
Ecology, Biodiversity and Sustainability .
SYLLABUS - MODULE - 1
Introduction to the discipline of Landscape Architecture
c. i. Scope and nature of professional work in contemporary landscape architecture
ii. Changing priorities of disciplinary approach :
1.Ecology
2.Biodiversity
3.Sustainability
FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H Date : 23.03.2023
1c. SCOPE OF WORK OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT
The Landscape architect provides the following services :
01. Site appraisal and suitability 09. Garden furniture design

02. Site planning 10. Illumination design
03. Landform and grading 11. Graphic design and signage
04. Surface drainage design and water 12. Co-ordination of external services
management 13. Periodic inspection and evaluation of
05. Irrigation design works at site
06. Open space design – hardscape and 14. Estimation
soft scape 15. Tender documents
07. Planting design 16. Bill checking
08. Landscape structures and features
1c. NATURE OF WORK OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT
The Landscape architect deals with

1. Analysis
2. Planning
3. Design
4. Management
5. Preservation
6. Rehabilitation of land
7. Determines the environmental impact
The Landscape architect professional

expertise ranges from landscape planning
at regional and city scale to small and
medium scale public and private
landscapes. Ian McHarg’s method multidisciplinary analysis of
the ‘Layer cake model’ for the site- overlaying maps.
1c. NATURE OF WORK OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT
It involves dealing with sites / projects like

 Residences / Bungalows
 Housing developments
 Offices
 Plazas / Public squares
 City parks / National parks
 Institutional campuses
 Zoological Parks
 Botanical parks
 Highways Shakti Sthala at Delhi by Ravindra Bhan.
 Commemorative landscapes Example for Commemorative landscape.
The ‘Sentinel rock’ symbolizing the strength and
 Waterfront developments power of Mrs. Indira Gandhi’s personality. It is 10
 Biodiversity parks meter tall, 50 tones, hand–shaped rock – banded
 Industrial landscapes., etc hematite Jasper – forms an effective backdrop to
the Samadhi, represented by a flower bed.
1c. Changing priorities of disciplinary approach
1. Ecology : It is the branch of biology

that deals with the study of the
relationships between living
organisms, including humans, and
their physical environment; it seeks to
understand the vital connections
between plants and animals and the
world around them ie Biotic and Abiotic
factors.
The Basics of Ecological Landscaping
 Ecological Landscaping is a method of designing, building, and maintaining

landscapes that considers the ecology of a site and creates gardens that enhance the
surrounding environment for the benefit of humans and all other life in the ecosystem.
 When the earth is disturbed during the construction of buildings, homes,

driveways, and roadways, the land is forever altered. Although the natural landscape
can never be restored completely, with thoughtful attention to the site, ecological
landscapers can create outdoor spaces that are practical, healthy, and aesthetically
pleasing.
 Ecological landscaping strives to balance the building site with the natural
environment. It draws upon the wisdom of natural systems.
 By studying the inter-relationships between living things, non-living things, and the
environment, ecological landscapers can create a landscaped community that will
conserve natural resources, preserve biodiversity, and protect the environment.
 Conservation is an important part of ecological landscaping. The objectives of an

ecological landscaper are to reduce water consumption, preserve water quality, prevent
soil erosion, protect biodiversity, diminish the use of toxic pesticides, and minimize the
use of non-renewable resources.
 By striving toward these goals, the ecological landscaper can create gardens that are
both environmentally responsible and enjoyable to experience.
2. Biodiversity : The variety of plant and

animal life in the world or in a particular
habitat.
Landscaping for Biodiversity :

Is enhancing the abundance and diversity
Visitors
of organisms, while also trying to enhance
the appearance and use of your yard or
garden.
Landscape is not only attractive, but also
promotes pollinator activity and
enhances natural pest control in your Visitors to Glenstone are invited to view this
landscape. native wetland from inside the museum.
Location: Potomac, Maryland, United States
Native Landscaping for Biodiversity
 The use of native and non-native

species in landscapes has gained a lot
of attention in recent years. This is
because
he High several
Line on song
the west sidebird species and
of Manhattan is a mile-and-a-half section of elevated rail spur that was
nativeinto
converted insects
a linearhave declined
park with nativeglobally,
plantings. The collaborative design was by James Corner Field.
largely due to habitat loss.
 Research evidence suggests that one
of the best ways to attract birds, bees,
butterflies, and other beneficial insects The High Line on the west side of Manhattan is
into your landscape is by planting a mile-and-a-half section of elevated rail spur
that was converted into a linear park with native
native species. plantings. Here we see butterfly weed amid a
wide assortment of native grasses and forbs.

 Removal of invasive plants and support  In addition to native plantings, bird
of native plantings are critically important houses and other types of nesting
for maintaining healthy ecosystems. boxes can help attract native fauna.
he High Line on the west side of Manhattan is a mile-and-a-half section of elevated rail spur that was
converted into a linear park with native plantings. The collaborative design was by James Corner Field
Operations, grasses and forbs.
Gardening staff work hard to keep invasive

plants out of the High Line plantings.
 If you are also interested in supporting butterfly reproduction in your yard, include host
plants for butterfly species in combination with the flowering plants.
 In addition to food, animals need to water to survive. So, adding a pond or a bird bath
to your yard is a sure way to logs
Decaying attract
cananimals and provide
provide habitat ecological
for several animalsvalue.
 Landscape design features like, ponds, water gardens, rain gardens, butterfly
watering stations, and bird baths can provide creative and attractive options for
this.
 For creating wildlife habitat in your

landscape is the addition of rocks,
logs, or other structural habitats.
Insects and small creatures likecan provide habitat for several animals
Decaying logs
snakes, lizards, and toads need hiding
places, where they are protected from
predators and can stay cool and moist.
Decaying logs can provide habitat for several

animals
3. SUSTAINABILITY :
In 1987, the United Nations Brundtland

Commission defined sustainability as “meeting
the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.”
Avoidance of the depletion of natural resources

in order to maintain an ecological balance.
Sustainable landscaping is a modern type of

gardening or landscaping that takes
the environmental issue of sustainability into
account.
Sustainable landscape architecture
 The design of a sustainable landscape

encompasses the three pillars of
sustainable development: economic well-
being, social equity, environmental
protections to create successful
sustainable landscape designs.
 Creating a sustainable landscape requires

consideration of ecology, history, cultural
associations, sociopolitical dynamics,
geology, topography, soils, land use, and
architecture.
The multidisciplinary factors which
contribute to a sustainable landscape.
 Methods used to create sustainable

landscapes include recycling, restoration,
species reintroduction, and many more.
 Goals of sustainable landscape architecture
include a reduction of pollution,
heightened water management and
Roadside
thoughtful bioswalechoices.
vegetation designed to filter storm water runoff from street surfaces
An example of sustainable landscape

architecture is the design of a sustainable
urban drainage system, which can protect
wildlife habitats, improve recreational facilities
Retention ponds are considered components of
and save money through flood control. a sustainable drainage system.
Another example is the design of a green

roof or a roof garden that also contributes
to the sustainability of a landscape
architecture project. The roof will help
manage surface water, decrease
environmental impacts and provide space
for recreation.
The City of Copenhagen, Denmark’s
capital, has mandated green roofs in
most new local plans since 2010.
Green roofs are an important part of the
city's strategy to meet the challenges of
climate change, to enhance biodiversity
and to create a greener city.
Principles of a Sustainable Landscape Design :

Here are the top trends in landscape
design, according to the American Society
of Landscape Architects (ASLA):
 Rainwater / graywater harvesting
 Native plants
 Native/adapted drought tolerant plants
 Low maintenance landscapes
 Permeable paving
 Food/vegetable gardens (including
orchard, vineyards, etc.)
 Rain gardens
 Drip irrigation
 Reduced lawn area
1c. Principles of a Sustainable Landscape Design
Principle #1
Treat Water as a Valuable Resource
A sustainable design focuses on proper

plant selection (i.e. native plants), drip
irrigation if necessary and rain gardens
or collection points to capture storm water
on site and use it for irrigation (rainwater
harvesting)
Lavandula (Lavender) is a native,

drought tolerant perennial – requires less water
Principle #2 - Value Your Soil
Compacted soil leads to problems such as

restricted plant growth, erosion, runoff and
flooding. Runoff caused by compacted
soils is one of the main sources of water
pollution. Like water, soil is a finite
resource.
To improve soil and reduce or eliminate
runoff and soil erosion in our landscape, a
sustainable design uses deep rooted
perennials and fibrous rooted grasses
to hold the soil.
Vetiver Grass prevents soil erosion
Principle #3 – Preserve Existing Plants
Many homeowners want to remove all the

plants from their property so that they can
start with a clean slate. Often this ends up
doing harm because it disrupts the natural
processes occurring in the yard.
A sustainable landscaping approach would

be to assess the existing plant material and
preserve native plants. Invasive, non-
native plants should be removed and
replaced with a more appropriate choice. Right plant, right place is a popular saying that
should guide your plant selection.
Principle #4 – Conserve Material Resources
A sustainable landscaping approach would be

to reduce yard waste by selecting
appropriately sized plants and reusing and
recycling construction waste.
Building materials should be carefully
selected, using locally sourced materials
whenever possible.
Example : Lawns generate large quantities of
yard waste, especially if you collect grass
clippings. Hence it can be reduced in size
and replaced with beautiful wildflowers,
These homeowners chose to reduce lawn by
grasses and ornamental trees and shrubs. replacing with wildflowers and shrubs.
SOURCE OF INFORMATION
The Basics of Ecological Landscaping
https://www.ecolandscaping.org/10/developing-healthy-landscapes/ecological-landscaping-101/the-
basics-of-ecological-landscaping/
Sustainable Landscapes and Management:

http://cues.cfans.umn.edu/old/extpubs/7447native/DG7447a.html#:~:text=Native%20plants%20used%
20as%20buffer,%2C%20pollinators%2C%20and%20native%20birds.
Principles of a Sustainable Landscape Design

https://dyckarboretum.org/principles-sustainable-landscape-design/

https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/native-landscaping-biodiversity
Landscaping for Biodiversity

https://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/entnemdept/2020/06/17/landscaping-for-biodiversity/
P B No. 6404, Govindapura, Gollahalli
Off International Airport Road NH-7, Yelahanka
Bengaluru - 560 064, Karnataka, India.
T : +91 80 2216 7900 / 903 / 904

F : +91 80 2216 7902
M : +91 99722 41144
E : nittesoa@nitte.edu.in
director_nittesoa@nitte.edu.in
W : www.nittesoa.ac.in

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LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Introduction to the discipline of Landscape Architecture

a. Landscape as a broad terminology

b. Brief history and growth of landscape architecture as a design

c. Scope and nature of professional work in contemporary landscape architecture

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Introduction to the discipline of Landscape Architecture

c. i. Scope and nature of professional work in contemporary landscape architecture

ii. Changing priorities of disciplinary approach :

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H Date : 23.03.2023

The Landscape architect provides the following services :

01. Site appraisal and suitability 09. Garden furniture design

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

The Landscape architect deals with

The Landscape architect professional

It involves dealing with sites / projects like

1. Ecology : It is the branch of biology

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

The Basics of Ecological Landscaping

 Ecological Landscaping is a method of designing, building, and maintaining

 When the earth is disturbed during the construction of buildings, homes,

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

 Conservation is an important part of ecological landscaping. The objectives of an

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

2. Biodiversity : The variety of plant and

Landscaping for Biodiversity :

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Native Landscaping for Biodiversity

 The use of native and non-native

Native Landscaping for Biodiversity

Gardening staff work hard to keep invasive

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

 For creating wildlife habitat in your

Decaying logs can provide habitat for several

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

In 1987, the United Nations Brundtland

Avoidance of the depletion of natural resources

Sustainable landscaping is a modern type of

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Sustainable landscape architecture

 The design of a sustainable landscape

 Creating a sustainable landscape requires

 Methods used to create sustainable

An example of sustainable landscape

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Another example is the design of a green

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Principles of a Sustainable Landscape Design :

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Treat Water as a Valuable Resource

A sustainable design focuses on proper

Lavandula (Lavender) is a native,

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Principle #2 - Value Your Soil

Compacted soil leads to problems such as

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Principle #3 – Preserve Existing Plants

Many homeowners want to remove all the

A sustainable landscaping approach would

FACULTY NAME : Ar. Malini. C. H

Principle #4 – Conserve Material Resources