Laboratory Work No.

1
Voltage and Current Relation and RMS Value
of Sinusoid

Experiment Procedure

RUN 1 RMS and Peak Value of Sinusoid

Step 1: Open your Multisim, set up the wiring circuit shown in Figure 1.2. Use
an AC Voltage source with 15-V peak value and 1 kHz frequency.

Step 2: Set the Value of the resistances as indicated in the diagram.

Step 3: Connect the probes of the voltmeter at node 2 to measure the voltage
at resistor R2, and the ammeter at node 1 to measure the current delivered.
Set the Interactive Simulation of the voltmeter and ammeter found at the right
side panel to Periodic.

Step 4: Run simulation and click the Grapher to see the traces of the voltmeter
and ammeter. Set the Trigger to Normal, and trace may be adjusted by
scrolling up and down the mouse.

Step 5: Plot the voltage and current trace on graph paper No.1 of the Data
Sheet or take a screen shot of the traces.

Step 6: Obtain the peak value of the voltage across R2 and the current
supplied by estimating the value through the traces in the Grapher. Obtain
also the RMS value of the voltage across R2 and current from the reading of
the voltmeter and ammeter. Record the data in trial 1 of Table 1.1.

Step 7: For Trial 2, change the value of resistor R1 with 500 Ω then follow the
same steps done earlier. Plot the voltage and current traces on their
corresponding graph paper and record the peak and RMS values of current and
voltage obtained from the trials in Table 1.

Step 8: Stop the simulation after completing the data.

RUN 2 Voltage and Current Relation in the Purely Resistive, Purely
Inductive and Purely Capacitive Circuit
Step 1: Set up the wiring circuit shown in Figure 1.3. Set the value of the
resistor R1 to 1 kΩ.

Step 2: Set the frequency of the supply to 1 kHz.

Step 3: Run the circuit and plot the voltage and current trace on graph paper
No. 3. From the resulting trace on the oscilloscope, obtain the time difference
Δt between the zero crossings of the two curves by multiplying the number of
divisions between waves with time/div setting. Then to estimate for the phase
difference between the waves, use the formula

Stop the run after completing the data.

Step 4: Replace resistor R1 with a 50ɥF capacitor C1. When ready, run the
circuit and plot the voltage and current trace on graph paper No. 4. Stop the
run after completing the data.

Step 5: Replace the capacitor with a 50mH inductor L1. When ready, run the
circuit and plot the voltage and current trace on graph paper No.5. Stop the
run after completing the data.

Wiring Diagram

Run 1
 Figure 1.2 Wiring diagram for observing the waveform of voltage
and current in a circuit (For both Run 1 and 2).

Run 2

Figure 1.3 Wiring diagram for observing the waveform of voltage

and current in a circuit (For both Run 1 and 2).
DATA

Table 1.1

Trial VP IP VRMS IRMS

Graph No.1 Voltage trace

 Graph No. 2 Current trace

Graph No.3 Voltage and current trace of resistor,

Graph No. 4 Voltage and current trace of capacitor,

Graph No.5 Voltage and current trace of inductor,

Exercises
Exercise 1: Compute for the RMS value of the voltage and current in Run 1
using the measured peak values. Compare the computed rms values with the
measured rms values of the voltmeter and ammeter.

Exercise 2: Draw the voltage and current waveform in a purely resistive, purely
inductive and purely capacitive circuits with the voltage and current having an
rms value of 106 volts and 14.14 amperes respectively.

Questions and Problems

1. What is the effective value of a sine wave? Why is it called effective

value?
2. Why is the effective value also called rms (root mean square) value?
3. Compute for the effective value of a voltage with a maximum value of
325 volts.
4. A sine wave has a maximum value of 325 volts. What is its
0
instantaneous value at 45 ? Compare this computed value with the
answer obtained in No. 3. What do you observed?
5. Are the voltage-current curves obtained in the experiment for the
resistive, inductive and capacitive circuits the same with existing
theories? If not, explain the cause of the discrepancies.