CONFIDENTIAL

UTM
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
---------------------------------------------------------
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER I SESSION 2019/2020

CODE : MKEP 1603

COURSE : POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS & COMPUTATION

PROGRAM : MKEP

LECTURER : PROF. IR. DR MOHD WAZIR MUSTAFA

DURATION : 2½ HOURS
DATE :

INSTRUCTIONS :
i. Attempt FOUR (4) questions ONLY.
ii. All answers to new question should start on a new page.
iii. All calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated.

Warning!
Disciplinary action will be taken to those who are caught copying during
examination. Faculty may recommend for program termination.

THIS BOOKLET CONSISTS OF 7 PAGES INCLUDING THIS FRONT PAGE.

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MKEP 1603

Q1. a. With the aids of simple flow chart, explain briefly the procedure of performing fast
decoupled load flow.
[5 marks]
b. Figure Q1(b) shows a three-bus power system with per unit (pu) line reactance. Bus
1 is a slack bus and is set at 𝑉1 = 1.03Ð 0o pu. Bus 2 and Bus 3 are P-Q and voltage
controlled buses. All per unit quantities are based on 100 MVA. The bus admittance
matrix is given as: -
10 − 𝑗25 −5 + 𝑗10 −5 + 𝑗15
Ybus= [ −5 + 𝑗10 13 − 𝑗26 −8 + 𝑗16]pu.
−5 + 𝑗15 −8 + 𝑗16 13 − 𝑗31

Applying Fast Decoupled load flow technique: -

(i) Compute the voltage at all buses at the end of first iteration.

[13 marks]
(ii) If the bus voltages are converging at the ninth iterations by: -

(9) (9)
𝑉1 = 1.03Ð 0o pu, 𝑉2 = 0.9968Ð − 3.5o pu and 𝑉3 = 1.01Ð 2.0o pu,
determine the slack bus real power and reactive power. [4 marks]

(iii) Calculate the line flow and losses between buses 1-2. [3 marks]

G1 G3

| V 1| = 1 . 03 p . u . | V 3| = 1 .01 p . u ,
1 3 P3 = 0. 5 pu .

( 2 . 0 + j 1 . 25 ) pu

Figure Q1(b): The 3-Bus Power System

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MKEP 1603

Q2. a. Explain the procedure for making short circuit studies of a large power network
considering a symmetrical fault.
[4 marks]
b. For the system shown in Figure Q2(b), calculate the SSC at point A.
[5 marks]
20 MVA
11 kV G1 T2
X=j0.1 pu A
CB
10 MVA 30 MVA
11 kV
G2
11/33 kV
X=j0.15 pu X=j0.15 pu

Figure Q2(b)

c. Figure Q2(c) shows the one-line diagram of a 5-bus power system. All reactance given
were in pu on 100 MVA base. The impedance matrix for the system is given as
follows:
𝑗0.0793 𝑗0.0558 𝑗0.0382 𝑗0.0511 𝑗0.0608
𝑗0.0558 𝑗0.1338 𝑗0.0664 𝑗0.0630 𝑗0.0605
𝑍𝑏𝑢𝑠 = 𝑗0.0382 𝑗0.0664 𝑗0.0875 𝑗0.0720 𝑗0.0603 pu.
𝑗0.0511 𝑗0.0630 𝑗0.0720 𝑗0.2321 𝑗0.1002
[𝑗0.0608 𝑗0.0605 𝑗0.0603 𝑗0.1002 𝑗0.1301]
A three-phase short circuit through bus impedance of j0.05 pu occurs on Bus 2. Using
the given bus impedance matrix, compute the:-
i. fault current, [3 marks]
ii. bus voltages during fault and [3 marks]
iii. Contributions of fault current to Bus 2. [4 marks]
iv. Propose the suitable size of the circuit breaker at Bus 2. [3 marks]
v. If the fault is a bolted three phase fault, what will be the size of the circuit
breaker at Bus 2. [3 marks]
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MKEP 1603

j0.1333 pu

2 3
j0.126 pu

1 j0.168 pu

j0.336 pu
j0.210 pu
j0.1111 pu j0.126 pu
j0.252 pu

5 4
F ig ure Q2(c): A 5-bus po er system
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MKEP 1603

Q3. Explain the need of for short circuit studies.

[6 marks]

b. Figure Q3(b) shows a single line diagram of a 6-bus power system and the associated
data of this system is as follow:
Generator G1: 40 MVA, 6.6 kV, X1 =X2 =0.1 pu, Xo = 0.20 pu
Generator G2: 60 MVA, 6.6 kV, X1 = X2= 0.15 pu, Xo = 0.20 pu
Generator G3: 50 MVA, 11 kV, X1 = X2= 0.12 pu, Xo = 0.15 pu
Transformer 1-2 :50 MVA, 6.6/132 kV, X1 = X2 = Xo= 0.10 pu
Transformer 1-5 :70 MVA, 6.6/220 kV, X1 = X2 = Xo= 0.08 pu
Transformer 3-4 :30 MVA, 11/132 kV, X1 = X2 = Xo= 0.06 pu
Transformer 6-4 :25 MVA, 11/220 kV, X1 = X2 = Xo= 0.075 pu
Transmission line 2-3: X1= X2= Xo= j90
Transmission line 5-6: X1= X2= Xo= j80
The prefault load current and -Y transformer phase shift are neglected.
(i). Draw the positive-, negative- and zero-sequence reactance diagrams using a 50
MVA, 132 kV base in the zone of the transmission line;
[8 marks]
(i) If the prefault voltage, V f = 1.03Ð0o p.u, determine the current flowing in the fault

(in ampere) for a single line-to-ground (SLG) fault at Bus 6; and

[8 marks]
(iii). Compute the sequence voltages in pu.
[3 marks]

G1 1 2 3 4

G3

G2 5 6

Figure Q3(b): A 6-bus power system

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MKEP 1603

Q4. a. Explain the terms critical clearing angle and critical clearing time in connection with
the transient stability of a power system.
[5 marks]
b. A synchronous generator is delivering 1.0 pu active power to an infinite bus of 1.0
pu voltage through a transmission line of 0.2 pu reactance and negligible resistance.
The generator reactance is 0.3 pu and the voltage behind the transient reactance is 1.3
pu. A three phase short circuit fault occurs close to the generator terminals.
(i). Write the electrical power equations during prefault and fault conditions.
[6 marks]
(ii). Using Equal Area Criterion technique, compute the clearing angle before which
the fault must be cleared by a circuit breaker if the stability is to be maintained.
[10 marks]
(iii). Sketch the P- curves to illustrate the trajectory of the synchronous generator.
[4 marks]
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MKEP 1603

Q5. a. Distinguish between steady state and transient stabilities.

[5 marks]

b. A synchronous generator is delivering 1.0 pu to an infinite bus through a transmission

line when a fault occurs such that the new maximum power is 0.4 pu. The value of
Pmax before the fault is 2.0 pu and after clearing is 1.5 pu.
(i). Determine the swing equations during prefault, faulted and post fault conditions
if the inertia constant, H is 7 MJ/MVA.
[8 marks]
(ii). If the fault is cleared at 0.10 seconds, construct the swing curve for duration of

0.5 second. Take the constant, k =

180 f
(t )2 and time step t = 0.05 second.
H
Identify the stability of the system.
[12 marks]