Basic College Mathematics 8th Edition Tobey

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Basic College Mathematics 8th Edition Tobey Solutions Manual

Chapter 8
8.1 Exercises 32. United States is labeled 18.6%.
Find 18.6% of 63,000,000.
2. Multiply 45% × 4000, which is 0.186 × 63,000,000 = 11,718,000
0.45 × 4000 = 1800 students. 11,718,000 vehicles were produced in the United
States.
4. Subtract the total from exercises 1 and 2 from
4000. 34. Brazil (4.7%), Germany (9.5%), United States
4000 − 2800 = 1200 (18.6%), India (6.3%)
The answer would be 1200. 4.7% + 9.5% + 18.6% + 6.3% = 39.1%
39.1% were produced in non-Asian countries.
6. Choose the two smallest sectors; charitable
contributions and utilities. 36. United States (18.6%), Brazil (4.7%)
18.6% + 4.7% = 23.3%
8. Transportation is labeled $750. 100% − 23.3% = 76.7%
76.7% were not manufactured in the Western
10. $500 + $1400 = $1900 hemisphere.
$1900 is allotted for food or rent.
38. Japan (15.7%), India (6.3%), Brazil (4.7%)
$1400 1400 ÷ 100 14 6.3% + 4.7% = 11%
12. = =
$500 500 ÷ 100 5 15.7% − 11% = 4.7%
4.7% of 63, 000, 000 = 0.047 × 63, 000, 000
$500 500 ÷ 500 1 = 2, 961, 000
14. = = 2,961,000 more vehicles were produced in Japan
$3500 3500 ÷ 500 7
than in India and Brazil combined.
16. Choose the largest sector; 20 years or older, but
younger than 45. Cumulative Review

18. 20 years or older but younger than 45 is labeled bh 12 ft × 20 ft

39. A = = = 120 ft 2
111 million or 111,000,000 people. 2 2

20. (84 + 48 + 7) million = 139 million or 40. A = bh = (17 in.)(12 in.) = 204 in.2
139,000,000 people
41. A = 2lw + 2lw
(111 + 84 + 48 + 7) million 250 million 250
22. = = = 2(7 yd)(12 yd) + 2(7 yd)(20 yd)
91 million 91 million 91
= 2(84 yd 2 ) + 2(140 yd 2 )
7 million 7 = 168 yd 2 + 280 yd 2
24. =
341 million 341 = 448 yd 2
1 gal
26. 100% − 56% = 44% 448 yd 2 × = 16 gal
28 yd 2
28. 22% + 8% = 30% It will take 16 gallons of paint to cover the barn.
n = 30% × 1010 = 0.3 × 1010 = 303
303 people responded that quick service or 42. A = πr 2
reasonable prices was most important.
= 3.14(8 cm)2
30. 11% − 8% = 3% = 3.14(64 cm 2 )
n = 3% × 1010 = 0.03 × 1010 ≈ 30 = 200.96 cm 2
About 30 people felt that atmosphere was more 1g
important than quick service. 200.96 cm 2 × = 3.14 g ≈ 3 g
64 cm 2
It will take about 3 grams of silver.

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ISM: Basic College Mathematics Chapter 8: Statistics

Classroom Quiz 8.1 168 − 134 34

18. = ≈ 0.25 or about 25%
134 134
1. 4% + 43% = 47%
The percent increase in cost was about 25%.
47% of the vehicles sold will be station wagons
or four-door sedans.
20. The dot for 2012 is at 3.4, which represents
$3.4 million or $3,400,000.
2. (29% + 8%) of 890,000 = 37% of 890,000
= 0.37 × 890, 000 22. The lines from 2000 to 2002 and from 2004 to
= 329,300 vehicles 2006 go upward at the steepest angle. These
329,300 vehicles sold will be SUVs or two-door represent the largest increases.
coupes.
24. 2010: 3.3
3. (100% − 16%) of 890,000 = 84% of 890,000 2012: 3.4
= 0.84 × 890, 000 3.4 − 3.3 = 0.1
= 747, 600 vehicles 3.4 + 4(0.1) = 3.8
747,600 vehicles will not be minivans. The average salary in 2020 would be
$3.8 million or $3,800,000.
8.2 Exercises
26. The dot for October 2013 is about halfway
2. The bar rises to 29, which represents an between 2 and 3. This represents 2.5 inches.
approximate population of 29 million or
29,000,000 people. 28. The line that represents 2014 is above the line
that represents 2013 for the months July, August,
4. The bar rises to 21, which represents an and September.
approximate population of 21 million or
21,000,000 people. 30. 1.5 − 0.5 = 1 in.
1 more inch of rain fell in September 2013 than
6. 2000 to 2020: 29 − 21 = 8 million in August 2013.
29 + 8 = 37 million or 37,000,000 people
The population is expected to be Cumulative Review
37,000,000 people in 2040.
31. (5 + 6)2 − 18 ÷ 9 × 3 = 112 − 18 ÷ 9 × 3
8. The bar rises to 160, which represents an average = 121 − 18 ÷ 9 × 3
cost of $16,000. = 121 − 2 × 3
= 121 − 6
10. 150 − 77 = 73
The cost was $7300 less. = 115

12. 2007−08: 134 − 70 = 64 1 ⎛1 1⎞ 2 1 ⎛ 6 5 ⎞ 2

32. + ⎜ − ⎟× = + ⎜ − ⎟×
2008−09: 143 − 76 = 67 5 ⎝ 5 6 ⎠ 3 5 ⎝ 30 30 ⎠ 3
2009−10: 150 − 77 = 73 1 1 2
= + ×
2010−11: 160 − 81 = 79 5 30 3
2011−12: 168 − 86 = 82 1 1
= +
The greatest difference was in the academic year 5 45
2011−2012. 9 1
= +
45 45
14. 160 − 150 = 10 10
The cost increased by $1000. =
45
2
16. 2-year: 81 + 86 = 167 =
4-year: 160 + 168 = 328 9
328 − 167 = 161
The savings is $16,100.

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Chapter 8: Statistics ISM: Basic College Mathematics

33. 59.2% of 1,821,000 = 0.592 × 1,821, 000 How Am I Doing? Sections 8.1−8.2
= 1, 078, 032 (Available online through MyMathLab or from the
1,078,032 bachelor’s degrees will be awarded to Instructor’s resource Center.)
women.
1. The sector for Yosemite is labeled 14%.
34. 31.25% of n = 2175
0.3125n = 2175 2. Great Smoky Mountain National Park (the
largest sector) is the park where the greatest
2175
n= number of visitors go.
0.3125
n = 6960 3. 11% + 12% = 23%
There are 6960 miles of national scenic trails in 23% of the visitors went to Zion or Yellowstone
the United States. National Parks.
Classroom Quiz 8.2 4. n = 16% of 27,600,000
n = 0.16 (27,600,000)
1. The dot for homes in 2005 is at 1050. n = 4,416,000
About 4,416,000 visitors went to Grand Canyon
2. Subtract the number of homes from the number National Park.
of condominiums in 2015.
1500 − 300 = 1200 5. 14% + 12% = 26%
n = 26% of 27, 600, 000
3. Find the year where the point on the line for = 0.26(27, 600, 000)
homes is 600 more than the point on the line for = 7,176, 000
condominiums; 2000. About 7,176,000 visitors went to Yosemite or
Yellowstone National Parks.
Use Math to Save Money
6. The bar rises to 450. Therefore, there were
1. 2.46 × 100 = 246 450 housing starts in Springfield in the first
The cost of 100 gallons in 2014 is $246.00. quarter of 2013.
2. 246 × 5 = 1230 7. The bar rises to 550. Therefore, there were
He can expect to pay $1230.00 for the upcoming 550 housing starts in Springfield in the second
five months of winter. quarter of 2014.
3. 4° lower = 8% savings 8. The shortest bar represents the 4th quarter of
8% of $1230 = 0.08 × $1230 = $98.40 2013. Therefore, the smallest number of housing
He will save $98.40. starts were during the fourth quarter of 2013.
4. One month’s heating cost is $246. 9. The tallest bar represents the 3rd quarter of
$246 is what percent of $1230? 2014. Therefore, the greatest number of housing
246 = n × 1230 starts were during the third quarter of 2014.
246 n × 1230
= 10. 600 − 350 = 250
1230 1230
0.2 = n There were 250 more housing starts in the third
$246 is 20% of $1230. quarter of 2014 than in the third quarter of 2013.
20% savings = 10° lower
72° − 10° = 62° 11. 450 − 300 = 150
There were 150 fewer housing starts in the first
He should set his thermostat at 62°.
quarter of 2014 than in the first quarter of 2013.
5. Answers will vary.
12. Look for the lowest dots on the line representing
production of tablets. During August and
6. Answers will vary.
December the production of tablets was the
lowest.

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ISM: Basic College Mathematics Chapter 8: Statistics

13. Look for the highest dot on the line representing
the sales of tablets. During December the sales
of tablets was the highest.
14. The first month where the line for sales crosses
and is higher than the line for production occurs
in November. Therefore, November is the first
month in which the production was lower than
sales.
18. Add the heights of the bars representing $10.00
to $14.99 (12,000), $15.00 to $24.99 (13,000)
and $25 or more (7000).
12,000 + 13,000 + 7000 = 32,000 books
20. Add the heights of the bars representing
$3.00 to $4.99 (8000), $5.00 to $7.99 (17,000)
and $5.00 to $7.99 (10,000).
8000 + 17,000 + 10,000 = 35,000 books

15. a. The dot for sales in August is at 20 which 22. 3, 000

represents 20,000 tablets sold in August. 8, 000
+ 17,000
b. The dot for sales in November is halfway
between 30 and 40 which is 35 or 28, 000 books
35,000 tablets sold in November. 28, 000 2
= = 0.40 = 40%
70, 000 5
8.3 Exercises
40% of the 70,000 books sold were under $8.00.
2. The intervals should be of equal class width. The
range from 22 to 66 is 44. Dividing 44 by 3 you 24. Tally: ||||
get 15 to the nearest whole number. So you Frequency: 4
make each interval of width 15. Thus, a good
choice would be class intervals of 22−37, 38−53, 26. Tally: |||
54−69. Frequency: 3

4. In the intervals that Jason made the number 400 28. Tally: |||| ||
would be counted twice. Similarly, 500 and 600
Frequency: 7
would be counted twice. He should rather use
300−399, 400−499, 500−599, and 600−699. 30. Tally: ||
6. The bar for 200,000−499,999 rises to 80, so the Frequency: 2
number of U.S. cities that have a population of
32. Add the frequencies for 55−60° (7), 61°−66° (7),
200,000−499,999 is 80 cities.
and 67°−72° (2)
8. The bar for 150,000−199,999 rises to 50, so the 7 + 7 + 2 = 16 days
number of U.S. cities that have a population of
Cumulative Review
150,000−199,999 is 50 cities.
182 25
10. Add the heights of all the bars. 34. =
130 + 50 + 80 + 30 + 10 = 300 cities m 19
182 × 19 = m × 25
12. Add the heights of the three bars representing 3458 = 25m
150,000−199,999 (50), 200,000−499,999 (80) 3458 25m
=
and 500,000−999,999 (30). 25 25
50 + 80 + 30 = 160 cities 138.32 = m
14. The bar for $25 or more rises to 7000, so 7000 n 3.5
books are priced at $25.00 or more. 35. =
18 9
16. The shortest bar represents less than $3.00, so 9n = 18 × 3.5
the bookstore sold the least amount of books 9n = 63
costing less than $3.00. 9n 63
=
9 9
n=7

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Chapter 8: Statistics ISM: Basic College Mathematics

375 mi n 75 + 76 + 70 + 60 + 51 + 46
36. = 6. Mean =
7.5 gal 12.3 gal 6
375 × 12.3 = 7.5 × n =
378
4612.5 = 7.5n 6
4612.5 7.5n = 63
= The mean temperature is 63°F.
7.5 7.5
615 miles = n
He can drive 615 miles on a full tank. 541 + 561 + 840 + 422
8. Mean =
3+3+ 4+2
snow 23 in. 150 in. 2364
37. : = =
water 2 in. n in. 12
23 × n = 2 × 150 = 197
23 × n = 300 Her bowling average is 197 pins per game.
23 × n 300
= 10. 98, 000
23 23
104, 000
n ≈ 13.0
This corresponds to 13.0 in. of water. 109, 000
110, 000
Classroom Quiz 8.3 + 109, 000
530, 000
1. The bar for 5−8 rises to 600, which represents
530, 000
600 people. Mean = = 106, 000
5
2. Add the heights of the bars for 13−16, 17−20, The mean population is 106,000 people.
and 21−24.
900 + 300 + 150 = 1350 people 260 + 375 + 408 + 416 1459
12. Mean = = ≈ 25.2
10 + 15 + 17 + 16 58
3. 300 − 150 = 150 people The average is 25.2 mi/gal.
8.4 Exercises 14. 512, 539, 548, 554, 560
Median = 548
2. The mode of a set of data is the number or
numbers that occur most often. 16. 7.5, 7.8, 7.9, 8.1, 8.2, 8.8
Some sets of data, like 5, 6, 6, 7 clearly have one 7.9 + 8.1
mode. It is 6. Other sets of data, like 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, Median = = 8.0
have two values that occur most often. There are 2
two modes⎯5 and 7. Some sets of data, like 4,
18. $31,000, $37,000, $42,000, $45,000, $48,000,
5, 6, 7, 8, do not have any value that occurs more
$73,000
often than any other value. This set does not
$42, 000 + $45, 000
have a mode. Median = = $43, 500
2
55 + 44 + 45 + 48 + 51 + 57 + 57 The median annual income is $43,500.
4. Mean =
7
357 20. 35, 40, 45, 45, 50, 60, 80
= Median = 45
7 The median swimming time is 45 minutes.
= 51
The mean is 51 pizzas. 22. $27.99, $28.99, $29.99, $31.99, $32.99, $34.99,
$35.99, $40.99, $42.99
Median = $32.99
The median price is $32.99.

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ISM: Basic College Mathematics Chapter 8: Statistics

24. 1.2, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 2.0, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5

1.7 + 2.0
Median = = 1.85 pounds
2
The median amount purchased was 1.85 pounds.

2593 + 2112 + 2089 + 2010

26. Mean for total points =
4
8804
=
4
= 2201 points
32.0 + 27.4 + 27.1 + 26.1
Mean points per game =
4
112.6
=
4
≈ 28.2 points per game

28. $79.99
139.99
119.99
75.99
93.99
69.99
80.99
125.99
+ 110.99
$897.91
$897.91
Mean = ≈ $99.77
9
The mean price is $99.77.

30. 14.77, 15.276, 18.90, 19.02, 21.375, 29.2

18.9 + 19.02 37.92
Median = = = 18.96
2 2

1381 + 1405 + 1405 + 1520 + 1592

32. Mean =
5
= 1460.60
1381, 1405, 1405, 1520, 1592
Median = 1405
The mean amount is $1460.60 and the median amount is $1405.

34. The mode is 84 which occurs twice.

36. The modes are 141 and 144 which both occur twice.

38. $250, $480, $500, $450, $300, $480, $525

Mode = $480 which occurs two times.

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Chapter 8: Statistics ISM: Basic College Mathematics

568 + 388 + 588 + 688 + 750 + 900 + 388

40. Mean =
7
4270
=
7
= 610 passengers
388, 388, 568, 588, 688, 750, 900
Median = 588 passengers
Mode = 388 passengers since it occurs twice.

11.7 + 11.6 + 12.0 + 12.1 + 11.9 + 18 + 11.5 + 12.4

42. a. Mean =
8
101.2
=
8
= 12.65 seconds
The mean time is 12.65 seconds.

b. 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.9, 12.0, 12.1, 12.4, 18

11.9 + 12.0
Median = = 11.95 seconds
2
The median time is 11.95 seconds.

c. There is no mode.

d. The median, because the log time of 18 seconds affects the mean.

3 + 7 + 8 + 6 + 9 + 28 + 3
44. a. Mean =
7
≈ 9.1 nights
The mean is 9.1 nights.

b. 3, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 28
Median = 7 nights
The median is 7 nights.

c. Mode = 3 nights
The mode is 3 nights since it occurs twice.

d. The median is the most representative. For three months he travels more than this. For three months he
travels less than this. In one month he was away from home exactly 7 nights. The mean is distorted because
of the very high value of 28 in June. The mode is artificially low because he is away over night for business
3 nights in January and July. This is not representative of what usually happens.

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ISM: Basic College Mathematics Chapter 8: Statistics

Cumulative Review 24 + 3 + 1 + 32 + 5 + 17 + 7 + 5 + 9 + 16
2. mean =
10
bh 119
45. A = =
2 10
(7 in.)(5.5 in.) = 11.9 times
=
2 The mean is 11.9 times.
38.5 in.2
= 3. mode = 5 times because it occurs twice.
2
= 19.25 in.2 Career Exploration Problems
≈ 19.3 in.2
1. Means are affected by values much smaller or
The area is 19.3 in.2 .
much larger than the others, whereas medians
are not. One score is 0%, which is much less
46. A = πr 2 than all of the other scores and will substantially
= 3.14(40 ft 2 ) lower his homework average (mean).
= 3.14(1600 ft)2 2. List the values from least to greatest and find the
= 5024 ft 2 middle value⎯or the average of the middle
2 gal values, since there is an even number of values.
water = 2 × 5024 ft × 0%, 75%, 75%, 85%, 90%, 100%
1 ft 2
= 20,096 gallons per hour 75% + 85%
median = = 80%
20,096 gallons per hour are needed to water the 2
fields.
3. Grace should use the mean. There is no one
score that is much larger or smaller than the
47. A = bh = (5 ft)(4 ft) = 20 ft 2 others. Also, the mean uses every score, so it will
$16.50 be a more accurate reflection of Gordon’s
Cost = 20 ft 2 × = $330 performance.
1 ft 2
The cost to make the sign is $330.
sum of scores
4. mean =
48. V = πr 2 h number of scores
85% + 70% + 92% + 77% + 94% + 86%
= 3.14(1.5)2 (7) =
6
= 3.14(2.25)(7) 504%
= 49.455 =
6
Cost =
$1.98
≈ $0.04/in.3 = 84%
49.455 in.3 Gordon’s test average is 84%.
The cost is about $0.04 per in.3 . points correct
5. final exam percent =
total points
Classroom Quiz 8.4
180
=
1. 1, 3, 5, 5, 7, 9, 16, 17, 24, 32 250
7 + 9 16 = 0.72
median = = = 8 times = 72%
2 2
The median is 8 times. Gordon scored a 72% on the final exam.

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Chapter 8: Statistics ISM: Basic College Mathematics

6. Homework Score Test Average Final Exam Score

(Median) (Mean)
Gordon Boyd 80% 84% 72%

Use the following formula and the percentages from the circle graph to calculate the weighted averages. Round
the final percent to the nearest whole percent, and place the values you calculate in Grace’s gradebook below.
(weight for the category in decimal format) × (student’s % score for that category) = weighted average percent
40% = 0.40; 45% = 0.45; 15% = 0.15

Weighted Percent Score and

Weighted Mean Weighted Final Total Weighted
Median Overall Letter
Test % Exam Score % Percent
Homework % Grade
0.40 × 80% 0.45 × 84% 0.15 × 72% 32% + 37.8% + 10.8%
81%, B
= 32% = 37.8% = 10.8% = 80.6%

Gordon receives 81%, which is a B in the class.

You Try It

1. a. The sector for “over age 50” is labeled 12%. 12% of the police force is over age 50.

b. 48% of 200 = 0.48 × 200 = 96

96 people in the police force are between 33 and 50 years old.

2. a. The bar representing sales in the Midwest in 2014 extends to 5. 5000 LCD HDTV sets were sold in the
Midwest in 2014.

b. 7000 sets were sold in the Midwest in 2013. 2000 sets were sold on the West Coast in 2013.
7000 − 2000 = 5000
5000 more sets were sold in the Midwest than on the West Coast.

3. a. The point above August on the graph for 2014 is at 6. There were 6000 visitors in August 2014.

b. The graph for 2014 is above the graph for 2013 for July and August. There were more visitors in 2014 than
in 2013 for the months of July and August.

c. The steepest line on the graph is from July to August 2013. The sharpest increase took place between July
and August 2013.

4. a. The bar for scores between 12 and 15 extends to 16. 16 students had scores between 12 and 15.

b. 12 + 20 + 16 = 48 students
48 students had scores of more than 3.

32 + 28 + 23 + 30 + 35 + 29 177
5. = = 29.5
6 6
The mean is 29.5.

6. a. 14, 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 25

The middle number is 19. The median is 19.

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ISM: Basic College Mathematics Chapter 8: Statistics

b. 30, 45, 54, 56, 68, 79 13. The height of the bar for prescription drugs in
The two middle numbers are 54 and 56. 2010 is 256, which represents $256 billion or
54 + 56 $256,000,000,000.
= 55
2
14. The height of the bar for physician/clinical
The median is 55.
services in 2016 is 698, which represents
7. a. The mode is 8, since it occurs twice. $698 billion or $698,000,000,000.

b. The modes are 9 and 12, since each occurs 15. 631 − 567 = 64
twice. $64 billion or $64,000,000,000 was the increase.
Chapter 8 Review Problems 16. 276 − 256 = 20
$20 billion or $20,000,000,000 was the increase.
1. 13 computers were manufactured by Lenovo.
2. 43 + 25 = 68 computers were manufactured by 17. The greatest difference in bar heights for any
Dell or Compaq. 2-year period for prescription drugs is from 2014
to 2016.
13
3. is the ratio of Lenovo to Hewlett-Packard. 312 156
21 18. = is the ratio.
698 349
43
4. is the ratio of Dell to Apple. 19. The height of the bar is 12.1, which represents
32
12.1 billion or 12,100,000,000 bushels.
25
5. ≈ 0.179 = 17.9% 20. The height of the bar is 3.2, which represents
140 3.2 billion or 3,200,000,000 bushels.
Approximately 17.9% of the computers were
manufactured by Compaq. 21. The greatest difference in bar heights for
soybeans for any two consecutive years is
32 32
6. ≈ ≈ 0.229 = 22.9% between 2012 and 2014.
140 140
Approximately 22.9% of the computers were 22. 14.4 + 3.9 = 18.3
manufactured by Apple. 18.3 billion or 18,300,000,000 bushels of corn
and soybeans were produced in 2014.
7. 23% + 25% = 48%
48% of the students are majoring in business or 23. The greatest difference in bar heights for any one
social sciences. year is 2014.
8. 100% − 23% = 77% 24. The smallest difference in bar heights for any
77% of the students are majoring in an area other one year is 2006.
than business.
10.5 + 12.1 + 13.2 + 10.8 + 14.4
9. Art is the smallest sector. 25. mean =
5
1 61
10. 8% + 12% = 20% = =
5 5
Art and education together make up one-fifth of = 12.2
the graph. The average corn production was 12.2 billion or
12,200,000,000 bushels.
11. n = 15%(8000) = 0.15(8000) = 1200 students
1200 students are majoring in language arts. 26. 14.4 − 13.2 = 1.2
14.4 + 1.2 = 15.6
12. 23% − 12% = 11% The estimated production of corn in 2018 is
n = 11%(8000) = 0.11(8000) = 880 students 15.6 billion or 15,600,000,000 bushels.
880 more students are majoring in business than
education. 27. The dot for 2013 is about halfway between 3 and
4, which represents 350 students.

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Chapter 8: Statistics ISM: Basic College Mathematics

28. 7 − 2 = 5 or 500 more students graduated in 45. Between 2010 and 2012, the number of master’s
2014 than in 2009. degrees in physical science increased by 800.

29. 5.5 − 3.5 = 2.0 or 200 fewer students graduated 46. 62 − 50 = 12

in 2013 than in 2012. 62 + 12 = 74 or 7400 degrees is the expected
number of degrees in 2016.
30. The line between any two consecutive points that
is the most gradual is between 2009 and 2010. 47. The bar rises to 65, which represents 65 pairs.

2 + 2.5 + 4 + 5.5 + 3.5 + 7 48. The bar rises to 10, which represents 10 pairs.
31. mean =
6
49. 55 + 65 + 25 = 145 pairs sold between size 7 and
24.5
= size 9.5.
6
≈ 4.08 50. Sold = 5 + 20 + 55 + 65 + 25 + 10 = 180 pairs
The average is about 408 students. 180
p= = 0.9 = 90% of the shoes sold during
5.5 − 4 1.5 200
32. = = 0.375 or 37.5% the grand opening.
4 4
The percentage of increase is 37.5%. 51. Difference = 65 − 20 = 45 pairs
45 more pairs of size 8−8.5 sold than of size
33. The dot on the graph is at 45, which represents
45,000 cones. 6−6.5.

34. The dot on the graph is at 30, which represents 25 5

52. = is the ratio of size 9−9.5 to the total
30,000 cones. 180 36
pairs sold.
35. 20,000 − 10,000 = 10,000 more cones were
purchased in May 2013 than May 2014. 53. Tally: |||| ||||
36. 60,000 − 30,000 = 30,000 more cones were Frequency: 10
purchased in August 2014 than August 2013.
54. Tally: |||| |||
37. 20 + 30 + 55 + 30 = 135 or 135,000 cones were Frequency: 8
purchased between May and August of 2013.
55. Tally: |||
38. Since August was cold and rainy, significantly
Frequency: 3
fewer people wanted ice cream during August.

39. The dot on the graph is at 57, which represents 56. Tally: ||||
5700 degrees. Frequency: 5

40. 69 − 62 = 7 or 700 more physical science 57. Tally: ||

master’s degrees were awarded. Frequency: 2
41. 61 − 50 = 11 or 1100
There were 1100 fewer mathematics and
statistics master’s degrees awarded.

42. The difference between the lines is the greatest

for the year 2004.

43. The line increases the most between years 2008

to 2010 and between years 2010 to 2012.

44. The line increases the most between years 2010

to 2012.

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ISM: Basic College Mathematics Chapter 8: Statistics

58. 66. 4, 7, 8, 10, 15, 28, 28, 30, 31, 34, 35, 38, 43, 54,
77, 79
30 + 31
Median = = 30.5 years
2
Mode = 28 years

67. 3, 9, 13, 14, 15, 15, 16, 18, 19, 21, 24, 25, 26,
28, 31, 36
18 + 19
Median = = 18.5 deliveries
2
Mode = 15 deliveries

59. 10 + 8 = 18 times there were between 0 and 7 68. The median is better because the mean is skewed
defective television sets. by one low score, 31

86 + 83 + 88 + 95 + 97 + 100 + 81 69. The median is better because the mean is skewed

60. Mean = by one high data item, 39.
7
630
= 2 + 3 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 12 + 5
7 70. a. Mean = = 5 hours
7
= 90
The mean is 5 hours.
= 90
The mean temperature is 90°F. b. 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 12
Median = 4 hours
145 + 162 + 95 + 67 + 43 + 26 The median is 4 hours.
61. Mean = = 89.67
6
The mean gas bill is $89.67. c. Mode = 2 hours since it occurs twice.
The mode is 2 hours.
62. Mean
13, 000 + 20, 000 + 29, 000 + 36, 000 + 20, 000 d. The median is the most representative. On
= three days she uses the computer more than
5 4 hours and on three days she uses the
= 23, 600
computer less than 4 hours. One day she
The mean number of people is 23,600. used it exactly 4 hours. The mean is
distorted a little because of the very large
882 + 913 + 1017 + 1592 + 1778 + 1936 number of hours on Friday. The mode is
63. Mean =
6 artificially low because she happened to use
8118 the computers only two hours on Sunday
=
6 and Tuesday. All other days it was more
= 1353 than this.
The mean number of employees is 1353.
How Am I Doing? Chapter 8 Test
64. $21,690, $28,500, $29,300, $35,000, $37,000,
$38,600, $43,600, $45,300 1. 37% is the sector marked Passed inspections.
$35, 000 + $37, 000
Median = = $36,000 2. 21% is the sector marked 2 violations.
2
The median cost is $36,000. 3. Add the percents from the three sectors,
3 violations, 4 violations, and more than
65. $168,000, $175,000, $180,000, $186,000, 4 violations.
$198,000, $220,000, $239,000, $244,000, 6% + 2% + 4% = 12%
$256,000, $295,000
$198, 000 + $220, 000 4. 30% × 300, 000 = 0.30 × 300, 000
Median = = $209, 000
2 = 90,000
The median cost is $209,000. 90,000 automobiles had one safety violation.

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Basic College Mathematics 8th Edition Tobey Solutions Manual

Chapter 8: Statistics ISM: Basic College Mathematics

5. 21% + 6% = 27% 17. The bar rises to 60, which represents

27% × 300, 000 = 0.27 × 300, 000 = 81, 000 60,000 televisions.
81,000 automobiles had 2 or 3 violations.
18. The bar rises to 25, which represents
6. The bar representing private in 1991−1992 rises 25,000 televisions.
to 12, which is $12,000.
19. Add the heights of the bars for 12−14 and
7. The bar representing public in 1996−1997 rises 15−17.
to 3, which is $3000. 15,000 + 5000 = 20,000 televisions last more
than 11 years.
8. 22,000 − 12,000 = 10,000
The increase was $10,000. 20. Add the heights of the bars for 9−11 and 12−14.
45,000 + 15,000 = 60,000 televisions last
9. 6000 − 3000 = 3000 9−14 years.
The increase was $3000.
21. 10 + 16 + 15 + 12 + 18 + 17 + 14 + 10 + 13 + 20
10. 14,000 − 3000 = 11,000 = 145
The difference in cost was $11,000. 145
Mean = = 14.5
10
11. 22,000 − 6000 = 16,000 The mean quiz score is 14.5.
The difference in cost was $16,000.
22. 10, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20
12. The dot on the graph is at 20, or 20 years.
14 + 15
Median = = 14.5
13. The dot on the graph is at 26, or 26 years. 2
The median quiz score is 14.5.
14. 48 − 36 = 12 years
He is expected to live 12 years longer. 23. Mode = 10 since it occurs twice.

15. The difference between the two graphs is the 24. Mean or median because they are the same and
greatest at age 35. representative of the typical score.

16. The difference between the two graphs is the

least at age 65.

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