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目录
Table of Contents

•一、电动执行机构应用和分类
• I. Application and classification of electric actuators
•二、气动执行机构
• II. Pneumatic actuator
•三、电动执行机构
• III. electric actuator
•四、执行机构调试
•IV. Commissioning of actuator
•五、执行机构的性能指标和选型
• V. Performance indicators and selection of actuators

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一.电动执行机构应用和分类
I. Application and classification of electric actuators

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 从应用来分类
Classification by application

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 从应用来分类
Classification by application

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 从应用来分类
Classification by application

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 二、气动执行机构
II. Pneumatic actuator

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 气动执行机构分类
Classification of pneumatic actuators

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 气动执行机构的主要组成部件和功能
Main components and functions of pneumatic actuators

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 气动执行机构的主要组成部件和功能
Main components and functions of pneumatic actuators

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阀门定位器

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Valve locator

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 气动执行机构常见故障及产生的原因
Common faults and causes of pneumatic actuators

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 三、电动执行机构
III. Electric actuator

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 电动执行机构结构
Structure of electric actuators

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 电动执行机构结构
Structure of electric actuators

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 电动执行机构结构
Structure of electric actuators

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 电动执行机构结构
Structure of electric actuators

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 电动执行机构结构
Structure of electric actuators

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 电动执行机构结构
Structure of electric actuators

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 电动执行机构工作原理
Working principle of electric actuators

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 电动执行机构控制方式
Electric actuator control modes

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 电动执行机构控制方式
Electric actuator control modes

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 故障及排除方法
Faults and troubleshooting method

故障现象 原因分析 检査方法 排除方法

Faults Reason analysis Inspection methods Troubleshooting methods
执行机构不动作 相线与中线接反 用试电笔检查中线与相线 对调重新接好
The actuator does not The phase line and neutral line Check the neutral line and Switch and reconnect it
move are connected reversely phase line with the voltage
tester
保险丝断开 目测 更换保险管
Fuse blown Visual inspection Replacing fuses
线路断开或各接点接触不良 目测和用万用表测就检查各焊 对脱焊重新焊好，对接触不
The circuit is disconnected or 点是否脱焊或各接线点、插座 良要重新接好或更换不良零
there is a poor contact in the 等接触是否良好 件
circuit Visually check and use a Re-weld the desoldered part,
multimeter to check whether and re-connect the poor
the solder joints are contact part or replace the
desoldered or whether the poor part
wiring points and sockets are
in good contact;
电机绕组断路或短路 用导线短接固态继电器的交流 更换电机
Open circuit or short circuit of 输出两接点，电机转动。 Replace the motor
motor windings Short-circuit the two AC
分相电容器断路损坏 output contacts of the solid- 更换电容
The split-phase capacitor is in state relay with a wire to make Replace the capacitor
open circuit or damaged the motor rotate.

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 故障及排除方法
Faults and troubleshooting method

故障现象 原因分析 检査方法 排除方法

Faults Reason analysis Inspection methods Troubleshooting methods
执行机构不 动作 固态继电器断路损坏 用导线短接固态继电器 的交流输出两接 更换固态继电器
The actuator does not act The solid-state relay is in open circuit 点，电 机转动 Replace the solid-state relay
or damaged Short-circuit the two AC output
contacts of the solid state relay with a
放大器前级故障 wire to make the motor rotate. 依次检查前级输 出直流电源
The front stage of the amplifier faults 及元 器件，对损坏无 件更换
Check the front-stage output
DC power supply and
component s i n t ur n, and
replace the damaged ones.

接通电源后 输出轴就朝 放大器前级不 调零 用万用表量出在无信号 时放大器前级的 断开输入信号和 反馈信号重

一个方向转 动 The front stage of amplifier does not 输出 新调 零
When the power is set zero Use a multimeter to measure the Cut off the input signal and
turned on, the output output of the amplifier pre-stage when feedback signal and reset to
shaft rotates in one there is no signal. zero.
direction.
两条反馈线接 反 用万用表检査反馈电流 的方向 更改接线
Two feedback lines are connected Use a multimeter to check and feed Replace the wiring
reversely back the direction of current

两 条 放 大 器 输 出 线 接 反 用调接两条线方法 更改接线
The two amplifier output lines are Use the two-wire swapping method Replace the wiring
connected reversely
固态继电器击穿 用断开固态继电器交流 输岀接点方法， 更换固态继电器
The solid-state relay is breakdown 或用万 用表测量 Replace the solid-state relay
Use the disconnecting solid-state relay
AC output contact method, or use a
multimeter to measure
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 故障及排除方法
Faults and troubleshooting method

故障现象 原因分析 检查方法 排徐方法

Faults Reason analysis Inspection method Method of exclusion
执行机构只能向一个方向转动 一路输出断路，固态继电器损坏或输出电路断 用导线短接续固态继电器两交流输出接点 ① 对损坏固态继电器进行更换
The actuator can only turn in one 线 Short-circuit the two AC output contacts of the solid- ① Replace the damaged solid
direction One output circuit is broken, the solid-state state relay with wires relay
relay is damaged or the output circuit is ② 对接线断线重新接好
disconnected ② Reconnect the disconnected
wires

控制电路一路失效 用万用表检查三极管 更换损坏的三极管

One control circuit fails Check the triode with a multimeter Replace the damaged transistor

电机一路断线 用万用表测量 重新接好断线

One circuit of the motor is disconnected Measure with a multimeter Reconnect the disconnected wire
执行机构一个方向正常，一个方向输 一个固态继电器软击穿 用断开固态继电器交流输出两端子方法断开后电机转动 更换被断开的固态继电器
出无力 A solid-state relay is soft breakdown 正常 Replace the disconnected solid
The actuator acts normally in one The motor rotates normally after being disconnected relay
direction but powerlessly in the other by disconnecting the AC output terminals of the solid
direction state relay

电机中线接错 目测 更换接线
The neutral line of the motor is misconnected Visual inspection Replace the wire
执行机构两个方向输出无力 电机分相电容容量降低或软击穿 更换电容
The output actuator is weak in both motor split-phase capacitor capacity Replace the capacitor
directions decreases or is soft breakdown

电机制动器故障 打开电机后罩检査 调整或更换制动器零件

Motor brake fails Turn on the motor cover to inspect it Adjust or replace brake parts
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 故障及排除方法
Faults and troubleshooting method

检查方法
故障现象 原因分析 排除方法
Inspection
Faults Reason analysis Troubleshooting methods
method
执行器动作正常， 测量阀位反馈回路仅有4.6mA左右 万表査用 重新设定，不起作用.更换阀位反馈板，
但无阀位 反馈 Measure the valve position feedback loop, and the current is only about 4.6 用检 如果问题依然没有解决就要考虑更换主
The actuator acts mA Inspect 板
normally, but w i t h a Reset does not work. Replace the
there is no valve multimeter valve feedback board; if the problem is
position feedback still not solved, consider replacing the
motherboard

检查计数器圆形磁钢坏或者计数器板坏 更换计数器
Check whether the round magnet of counter is damaged or the counter plate Replace the counter
is damaged.

阀门关不到位 电动阀门阀杆卡塞，电动头的输出力矩不够大 增大电动头的输出力矩

V a l v e i s n o t The stem of electric valve is blocked, and the output torque of electric Increase the output torque of the
closed properly actuator head is not large enough electric actuator head

执行器阀杆无输岀 检査手动是否可以操作，如果手自动离合器卡死在手动位置，电机只会空转 调整手自动离合器

The actuator valve Check whether the manual clutch can be operated. If the manual/automatic Adjust the manual/automatic clutch
stem has no clutch is stuck at the manual position, the motor will only idle
output

检查电机是否转动，如果电机可以转动,并且己在自动位置，说明指令信号己 更换阀杆
经到达阀门，可能阀杆断裂 Replace the valve stem
Check whether the motor rotates. If the motor can rotate and is in the
automatic position, it indicates that the command signal has reached the
valve, and the valve stem may be broken 31/40
 故障及排除方法
Faults and troubleshooting method

检查方法
故障现象 原因分析 排除方法
Inspection
Faults Reason analysis Troubleshooting methods
method
执行器阀杆无输出 手动电动均不能操作，可能阀门卡死或 调整阀门或轴套
The actuator valve stem 轴套卡死、滑丝、松脱 Adjust the valve or shaft sleeve
has no output Manual and electric operations are not
available, and the valve may be stuck
or the shaft sleeve may be stuck,
slipped or loose.
执行器远方/就地均不动作 电机电源接线不正确 重新接线
Neither remote actuator nor The motor power wiring is incorrect Re-wire it.
local actuator acts 检查手自动离台器是否卡死、松动 调整手自动离合器
Check if the manual/automatic clutch Adjust the manual/automatic clutch
is stuck or loose

执行器的显示面板有报警显示 按面板提示进行处理
Alarm displays on the display panel of Follow the panel prompts to process
the actuator.

执行器送电就发生跳闸 继电器控制板损坏 更换继电器

T r i p o c c u r s w h e n t h e Relay control panel is damaged Replace the relay
actuator transmits electricity 电机线圈烧毁 更换电机
The motor coil is burnt out Replace the motor
手动正常，电机不能切换 手自动离合器卡簧在手动方向卡死 拆卸手轮，释放卡簧，重新装配好
Manual operation is normal, The manual/automatic clutch circlip is Remove the handwheel, release the circlip,
but the motor cannot be stuck in manual direction and reassemble it.
switched
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 故障及排除方法
Faults and troubleshooting method

检查方法
故障现象 原因分析 排除方法
Inspection
Faults Reason analysis Troubleshooting methods
method
电动执行器振荡 电动执行器伺服放大器的不灵敏区（死区） 增大执行机构不灵敏区（死区）。死区太人
Electric actuator oscillates 太小 执行机构不灵墩，太小产生振荡，
The insensitive zone (dead band) of ncrease the insensitive zone (dead band)
the electric actuator servoamplifier is of the actuator. If the dead band is too
too narrow wide, the actuator will not be sensitive; if it
is too narrow, it will oscillate.

电动执行器的制动器间隙调整不当，或磨 应定期进行检查和调整
损 严 使 伺 服 电 机 惰 走 太 大 。 It should be checked and adjusted
Improper adjustment of the brake regularly
clearance of the electric actuator, or
excessive idling of the servo motor
due to wear

调节器参数整定不当一般是因比例带设置 岀现这种情况时，应重新整定调节器参数。
太小，系统增益较大，这对有中间被调参 In this case, the regulator parameters
数（或称导前参数）的系统更为明显。 should be re-tuned
Improper tuning of regulator
parameters is generally due to the
setting of proportional band is too
low, the system gain is high, which is
more obvious for the system with
intermediate tuned parameters (or
lead parameters) 33/40
 四、执行机构调试
IV. Commissioning of the
actuator

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 执行机构调试
Actuator tuning

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 执行机构调试
Actuator tuning

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 执行机构调试
Actuator tuning

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 执行机构调试
Actuator tuning

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 五、执行机构的性能指标和选型
V. Performance indicators and selection of actuators

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 执行器选型的关键参数
Key parameters for actuator selection

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