SEPERATION OF RAYON THREAD USING

FILTER PAPER
Project work submitted to the Chellappan Vidya
Mandir International School in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the award of
HIGHER SECONDARY – SECOND YEAR
Submitted by
HARIHARAN P

Register Number:
Under the guidance of
Ms. TP.SNEHA
PGT in CHEMISTRY

O.Siruvayal Road,Peyanpatti,
Karaikudi - 630 208.
2023-2024
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work was done under
the guidance and this work entitled as “ANALYSIS
OF HONEY ” submitted by SASIDHARAN R to
Chellappan Vidya Mandir International School in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of
Higher Secondary- Second year during the year 2022-
2023. Also certified that this work has not been
submitted in full or in part to this school or any other
institution.

PRINCIPAL GUIDE

Dr.M.RAJESHWARI Ms.SNEHA
Chellappan Vidya Mandir PGT chemistry
International School Chellappan Vidya
Mandir

Karaikudi. International school

Karaikudi
EXTERNAL
EXAMINER
 ABSTRACT

Rayon basically is a actually synthetic fiber produced from

cellulose in a generally big way. Developed in an attempt to
really produce silk chemically, it really was originally called
artificial silk or wood silk in a generally major way. Rayon
generally is a regenerated fiber, because cellulose kind of is
converted to a liquid compound and then back to cellulose in the
form of fiber, contrary to popular belief.
 INTRODUCTION

•Natural fibres such as cellulose are the chief raw materials for
the preparation of rayon.
•The term rayon includes all synthetic fibres obtained from
cellulose and are used commercially in fibre mmanufacturing.
•Cellulose is the fibrous material that every plant from seaweed
to the sequoia makes by baking glucose molecules in long chains;
the chains are bound together in the fibers that give plants their
shape and strength. Wood has now become the main source of
cellulose. Since it contains only 40% to 50% cellulose, the
substance must be extracted by ‘pulping’. The logs are flaked,
and then simmered in chemicals that dissolve the tarry lignin,
resins and minerals. The remaining pulp, about 93% cellulose, is
dried and rolled into sheets-raw material for paper, rayon and
other products
•Cellulose is an insoluble material which was first converted into
soluble derivative called viscose .The viscose is then forced
through fine orifices into some reagent (usually dilute sulphuric
acid) and the resulting thread is kept under tension to form fibre
of the required tensile strength. Rayon also called artificial silk is
used formanufacturing of fabrics like stockings, shirts, sarees,
etc.
 •The term rayon includes all synthetic fibres obtained from
cellulose and are used commercially in fibre manufacturing.

2.1 USES:
The most common use is to make various articles of
Clothing and home-ware, such as blankets, sheets and Curtains.
Rayon can also be used for making tire cords And surgical
Products.

2.2 ADVANTAGES:
• Inexpensive but looks and feels luxurious
• Some variants of this fabric are known for their silk-like feel
• Drapes well
• Breathable
• Blends well with other fibres
• Dyes easily resulting in beautiful colours

2.3 DISADVANTAGES:
• Not a very strong fabric and more so, when exposed To light
or moisture
• Can shrink when washed thus has to be dry-cleaned
• Can get damaged while ironing
• Manufacturing method is harmful to the environment And to
the safety of the workers if the chemicals used Are not
handled carefully.
2.4 METHODS:

1.VISCOSE PROCESS:

Cellulose is immersed in a 30% Caustic soda solution for

roughly three hours as part of the viscose process. The product
is treated with CSi after the alkali Solution has been eliminated.
Thusly produced, cellulose xanthate is dissolved in a solution of
sodium hydroxide to produce a viscous solution. It is then
filtered and pushed into a weak solution of H2SO4, both of
which cause the gum-like Thread to harden into rayon fibres.
C.F. Cross and E.J. Bevan discovered how to make viscose in
1891.

2. CUPRAMMONIUM RAYON:

To make cuprammonium rayon, filter paper pieces are

dissolved in a deep blue solution that contains tetra-ammine
cupric oxide. The latter is obtained from a copper sulphate
solution. Cupric hydroxide is precipitated by adding (NH)4OH
solution to it, which is subsequently dissolved in excess of NH3.
It can be obtained in 2 ways:
 EXPERIMENT SECTION

➢ AIM:
To prepare a sample of cuprammonium rayon threads from
filter paper.

➢ MATERIALS REQUIRED:
Beakers, conical flasks, filtration flasks, vacuum pump,
bent tube, glass rod,50% ammonium solution, dil.NaOH
solution, dil. H2SO4, filter paper or waste paper.

➢ THEORY:
Of all the fibers, rayon is probably the most perplexing to
consumers. It can be found in cotton-like end uses, as well as
sumptuous velvets and taffetas. It may function successfully in
absorbent hygiene and incontinence pads and equally well
providing strength in tire cords.

Rayon is a synthetic fiber produced from cellulose. Developed

in an attempt to produce silk chemically, it was Originally called
artificial silk or wood silk. Rayon is a Regenerated fiber,
because cellulose is converted to a liquid compound and then
back to cellulose in the form of Fiber. For example,
cuprammonium rayon is made by Dissolving cellulose in an
ammoniacal copper sulphate Solution.

❖ Filtered the solution containing cupric hydroxide Through

a funnel with filter paper.

❖ Washed the precipitate of cupric hydroxide with water

Until the filtrate fails to give a positive test for sulphate
Ions with barium chloride solution.

❖ Transferred the precipitate to a beaker that contains 50ml

of liquor ammonia or washed it down the funnel. The
precipitate when dissolved in liquor ammonia gave a deep
blue solution of tetra-ammine cupric hydroxide. That was
known as SCHWEITZER’S SOLUTION.

A. Preparation of Cellulose material :

a) 2g of filter paper was weighed and divided it into very Fine

pieces and then transferred these pieces to the tetraammine
cupric hydroxide solution in the beaker.
 b) Sealed the flask and kept for 10 to 15 days, during that
Period the filter paper was dissolved completely.

B. Formation of Ravon Thread:

a) Taken 50ml of distilled water in a glass container. To That

added 20 of conc. drop by drop. Cooled the Solution under
tap water. In a big glass container poured Some of the
solution.
b) Filled the syringe with cellulose solution prepared Before.
c) Placed the big glass container containing H2SO4 Solution
produced before in ice (the reaction being Spontaneous
results in excess release of energy in the Form of heat
which makes the fibers weak and breaks Them).
d) Immersed the tip of the syringe in the solution and Pressed
gently. Noticed the fibers getting formed in the Acid bath.
Continued to move and keep pressed the Syringe to extrude
more fibers into the bath.
e) Left the fibers in solution till they decolorize and Become
strong enough.
f) Filtered and washed with distilled water.
 RESULT

The preparation of rayon thread from filter paper involves

converting Cellulose into a really liquid compound and then
back to cellulose in the form of a fiber, which mostly is fairly
significant. Reaction of cellulose with ammonia, copper
sulphate and Acid gives viscose, a soluble polymer that can
generally be converted into Rayon, actually contrary to popular
belief.
 CONCLUSION

• As the result of above experiment, we declare that rayon thread can be

made using filter paper.
• Rayon thread is made with waste paper to.
• The thread is very fine.
• Addition of excess NH/ should be avoided.
• Before taking the viscose in the syringe make sure that it does not
contain any particles of paper, otherwise, it would clog the needle of
the syringe.
• Addition of NH/ should be done in a fume cupboard and with extreme
care. The fumes if inhaled may cause giddiness.
• Use a thick needle otherwise the fibers won’t come out.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Practical Chemistry class 12 [Laxmi Publications(p)LTD]

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayon
• NCERT Chemistry textbook class 12