TUGAS

English Maritime
Meps unit 6

Nama : Fogik Ervanda Tri sanjaya

Kelas : DP II teknika A

UNIT 6 Exercise 1b

The order of the pictures is: 2),10),4),9),3),5),7),8),6),1)

Exercise 1c

Hello and welcome to Trade Today. In Britain we may be a nation of tea

drinkers, yet we consume 32 billion cups of coffee every year. Coffee is big
business. After oil, it is the most valuable commodity in world trade. So, where
does it come from? How does It reach us? Coffee is produced by over forty
countries throughout Mica, Asia and South America. Our reporter, John
Richardson, visited southern Peru to see where the long journey from crop to cup
begins.

Maria Perez is a school teacher in Cuzco, southern Peru. Every year, Maria
returns to Chanchamayo where she was born to help Harvest the coffee on her
family’s small plantation. For Maria, her family, and hundreds of thousands of
small farmers the coffee Harvest is a critical time. As we approached the village, I
was struck by a landscape dominated by legions of coffee trees. Many of This
region’s families rely on the well-being of the coffee crop for their livelihood.
It can be a perilous existence.
Coffee trees need to be tended for five years until they become fruit-bearing.
Young plants are under threat from many sources: insects, disease, frost, floods
or drought. In 1975, Peruvian coffee growers suffered drastically when entire
crops of coffee were ruined during a severe frost. Maria remembers how badly
her village was affected when many farmers, like herself, had to move to the City.
It took several years until the coffee yields stabilised again.
 The best coffee crops are harvested when a tree is between eight and fifteen
years old, though remarkably they can continue to produce fruit for a hundred
years. Coffee trees produce red fruit called cherries and when we arrived at the
field just after dawn, the harvesting was already under way. Maria joined her
family among the trees, hand-picking the fruit as she went along. Later, walking
through the village, I saw people spreading the fruit on sacks to dry in the sun
outside their houses. I remarked to Maria that it didn’t look at all like the coffee
beans I buy in my supermarket at home. She explained that two small coffee
beans are contained inside each cherry. Once the cherries are dried, they are put
through a hulling machine. It is at this stage that the green coffee beans are
separated from the skin and pulp. Nothing goes to waste: the pulp is used for
making fertiliser which in turn nourishes the coffee trees.

When the beans are dried, they are packed into sacks and loaded onto
Maria’s brother’s truck. He delivers them to the factory in Cuzco where the
sacks are weighed. Maria’s family are paid for every sack that is sent to the
factory. If they make a profit, the money goes towards buying more seeds to
increase the plantation.

At the factory, all the beans are graded by hand according to size. The
factory manager told me that the equivalent of a year’s harvest from four trees
is needed to produce a lOO-gram jar of instant coffee. I thought of Maria and
the villagers back in Chanchamayo and the huge effort it takes to produce
something we all take so much for granted.

After being graded, the beans are now ready for export. Packed into sacks
for the second time, they are taken on the long journey by truck to the port of
Callao where they are loaded onto ships for transportation all over the world.

As Maria returns to her teaching job in Cuzco, the coffee her family have
tended with such
care is transformed from its roots in the Andean foothills to brown gold on the
world markets.
Europe and the US are the largest purchasers of the world’s crop. Upon arrival
at their destination, the beans undergo many more processes before finally
reaching our cups. They are sold at a terminal market and transported to
factories where they are roasted and sometimes ground for filter machines. In
the UK, the beans are more likely to be turned into instant coffee. The finished
product is then packaged and distributed to retail outlets where it is stacked on
to shelves in shops and supermarkets.

The value added by the consumer countries means that for every £1 spent at
your supermarket on coffee, Maria and her family can expect to receive 8 pence.

So next time you hand-pick your favourite coffee from a supermarket shelf,
think of Maria hand- picking the beans from the tree and marvel at the story of
coffee, the second most prized commodity in world-wide trade today.

And now a report from India where hi-tech industries ...

Exercise 1d

1) True
2) False
3) True
4) False
5) False
6) False

Exercise 2

(possible answer)

Young coffee trees are grown on hillsides and are tended for fIVe years until
they are mature enough to bear fruit, called ‘cherries’. When the cherries are
ripe they are picked by hand and then dried in the sun. In the hulling process, the
coffee beans are separated from the skin and pUlp. After hulling, the beans are
packed into sacks and are taken to a factory where each bean is graded. Next,
the beans are exported overseas and transported to a factory where they are
roasted and packaged.
Finally, the packaged coffee beans are sold to retail outlets throughout the
country where they are bought by consumers.

Exercise 4a

2) The officers’ cabins are cleaned by a steward

every day. 3) Portubrucsc is spokcn in Brazil.
4) The fuel levels are monitored regulary.
5) This vessel is owned by a German company.
6) Oil is transported by our ships from the Middle East.
7) Football is played all over the world.
8) The ship was designed by a naval architect.
 Exercise 4b

2) How is wheat transported?

3) How much are stevedores paid?

4) What is radar used for?

5) What goods are imported to the USA?

6) Who are those machines built by?

7) When is the grain harvested?

8) Is the mail delivered every day?

9) Where is the ship registered?

10) Are the supplies ordered on a daily basis?

Exercise 5a

1) 1837

2) 21 days

3) It was grounded off the south of Spain.

4) The Great Liverpool and the Oriental.

5) She sailed to from Suez to Calcutta against the monsoon in 25 days. 6) 150

miles

Exercise 5b

1) Paragraph 5
2) Paragraph 3
3) Paragraph 7
 4) Paragraph 2
5) Paragraph 9
6) Paragraph 8
7) Paragraph 4
8) Paragraph 6
9) Paragraph 1

Exercise 5d
1) e)
2) d)
3) b)
4) a)
5) c)

Exercise 6a

(possible answer)

Paragraph 1:

The company was established ...

Paragraph 2:

... she was designed principally as a sailing ship ...

Paragraph 3:

... their company was called ‘The Peninsular Steam Navigation Company· ...

Paragraph 4:

... she was grounded ...

... the ship was wrecked ...

... no one was hurt ...

... the mail was saved and despatched ...

Paragraph 5:
 ... the company was incorporated by. ..

Paragraph 8:

... so orders were placed by P&o ...

The Hindostan and the Bentinck were built of wood ... and were specially
designed to ...

The Hindostan was allocated ...

Paragraph 9:

... the scene was set ...

When the Suez Canal was opened ...

... the single-cylinder engine was replaced ...

.. .iron was gradually adopted as ...

Exercise 6b

1) Were the fire extinguishers checked this morning?

2) In what year was the vessel broken up?
3) Who was the vessel sold to in 1965?
4) Why were the ship’s funnels shortened?
5) Who was the interior designed by?
6) Was the tanker registered under the Liberian flag?
7) Why was the ship detained in the harbour?
8) When was the construction of the ship completed?

Exercise 6c

2) (passive not possible)

3) The Captain is liked by all crews.

4) (passive not possible)

5) (passive not possible)

6) (passive not possible)

7) The training course was completed by all seafarers.

8) Accidents are often caused by carelessness on board.

9) (passive not possible)

10) (passive not possible)