PRESENTED BY MR CARLINSKY

PLANT TISSUES
 PLANT BODY ORGANS S
• Plants have organs that compose of different H
tissue, which in turn are composed of cells of O
different types. O
T
• A tissue is a group of cells with a common
function, structure or both. S
• An organ consist of several types of tissues that Y
together carry out particular functions. S
T
E
The THREE basis plant organs are: M
• Roots
• Stems R
• Leaves O
O
T

The ORGANS are divided into: S

Y
• The Root system (roots) S
T
• Shoot system (leaves and stems) E
M
 ROOTS
• Anchor plants
• Root hairs absorb water and minerals.
• Stores carbohydrates.
STEMS
• Consist of nodes (where leaves grow) and
internodes.
• The angle between the leave and the stem
is called the axillary bud, this can form a
lateral shoot.
• The shoot tip consist of an apical (end)
bud.
• Stems support the leaves and lateral
branches of a plant.
• Stems keep the plant upright.
 a) Simple
Leave
LEAVES Petiole
Axillary
• Main photosynthetic part of bud
the plant (in most vascular
plants). b) Compound
• Consist of a flattened blade leave Leaflet
and a stalk, called a petiole.
• Leaf shape differs: simple Petiole
leaves (single leaf) and Axillary bud
compound leaves (where
the blade consist of smaller
leaflets – leaflets have no c) Doubly
axillary buds.) compound
leave
Leaflet
Petiole
Axillary bud
Tissue categories
in plants
Each plant organ has:
• dermal,
• vascular and
• ground tissues.
Each of these three categories forms a tissue
system.
• The dermal tissue system is the plant’s outer
protective covering.
• In non-woody plants it is a single layer called
the epidermis protected by a waxy layer
called the cuticle found on stems and leaves.
• In woody plants, the protective tissue is
called periderm.
• Some epidermal cells are modified to form
hairs –
• roothairs on roots and trichomes on leaves
and stems.
• The vascular tissue system carries out
transport of materials between the root and
the shoot system.
The two types are xylem and phloem.
• Ground tissue are neither dermal or vascular.
• Internal ground tissue is called the pith.
• Ground tissue that is external to the vascular
tissue is called cortex.
• Ground tissue includes various cells with
specialized functions such as storage,
photosynthesis and support.
 MERISTEMATIC
TISSUE
• A flowering plant has the ability to grow
its entire life because it possesses
meristematic (embryonic) tissue.
• The apical meristem are located at or
near the tips of stems and roots, where
they increase the length of their
structures by means of mitosis.
• This increase in length is called primary
growth.
• Monocots also have an intercalary
meristem, this allows them to regrow
lost parts. (It is found between mature
tissues). EXAMPLE: GRASS CUT -
GROW
 APICAL MERISTEM
• Produces three types of meristems,
and these develop into the three
types of specialized primary tissues
in the body of the plant:
• SPECIALIZED PRIMARY TISSUES:
• Protoderm gives rise to the
epidermis
• Ground meristem produced ground
tissue
• Procambium produces vascular
tissue
FUNCTIONS OF SPECIALIZED
TISSUES

• Epidermal tissue: forms the outer

protective covering of a plant.
• Ground tissue fills the interior of a
plant.
• Vascular tissue transports water
and nutrients in a plant and
provides support.