MANAGEMENT, AND

LEADERSHIP
NURS407
NURSING LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

10/2/2023
9th edition Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer..
PRECIOUS CHISOM UZOEGHELU
. . . management is efficiency in climbing the ladder of success; leadership
determines whether the ladder is leaning against the right wall.
---Stephen R. Covey

. . . no executive has ever suffered because his subordinates were strong and
effective
---Peter Drucker

. . . if your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more, and become
more, you are a leader.
—John Quincy Adams

10/2/2023
10/2/2023
The relationship between leadership and management continues to
prompt some debate, although there clearly is a need for both.
Leadership is viewed by some as one of management’s many functions;
others maintain that leadership requires more complex skills than
management and that management is only one role of leadership.
Still, others suggest that management emphasizes control—control of
hours, costs, salaries, overtime, use of sick leave, inventory, and
supplies—whereas leadership increases productivity by maximizing
workforce effectiveness.

10/2/2023
There’s a difference between leadership and management; what do you think ?

Leaders look forward and imagine the possibilities that the future may
bring in order to set direction.
Managers monitor and adjust today’s work, regularly looking backward
to ensure that current goals and objectives are being met.
The best leaders lead and let their management teams manage the work
at hand

10/2/2023
Ten Distinctions Between Leaders and
Managers (Kerr, 2015)
Leadership inspires change; management manages transformation
Leadership requires vision; management requires tenacity
Leadership requires imagination; management requires specifics.
Leadership requires abstract thinking; management requires concrete data.
Leadership requires ability to articulate; management requires ability to Interpret.
Leadership requires an aptitude to sell; management requires an aptitude to teach.
Leadership requires understanding of the external environment; management requires
understanding of how work gets done inside the organization.
Leadership requires risk taking; management requires self-discipline.
Leadership requires confidence in the face of uncertainty; management requires blind
commitment to completing the task at hand.
Leadership is accountable to the entire organization; management is accountable to the
team.

10/2/2023
But if a manager guides, directs, and motivates and a leader empowers
others, then it could be said that every manager should be a leader.
Fowler (2015) agrees, suggesting that not only are the differences
between leadership and management difficult to verbalize; for the
clinical nurse, it is even more difficult to work out what particular hat
you are wearing or should be wearing when trying to lead and manage a
team through a busy shift.

10/2/2023
Similarly, leadership without management results in chaos and failure
for both the organization and the individual executive.
Thus, the integration of both leadership and management skills is
critical to the long-term viability of today’s health-care organizations.
Yet, we are all aware of individuals in leadership positions who cannot
manage and individuals in management roles who cannot lead. So in this case
what do you advise ?

10/2/2023
Because change is a primary feature of contemporary health-care
environments, managers must be able to shift from a traditional focus on
operational task completion to the leadership skills of visioning,
motivating, and inspiring others before desired outcomes can be
achieved. MacLeod (2012) echoes similar thoughts in his assertion that in the
face of significant change, both sound management and strong
leadership skills are essential to the long-term viability of today’s
health-care organizations.

10/2/2023
Clinicians act as leaders and managers in the clinical setting, even if not
officially recognized as doing so, and their success in these roles is
critical to high level unit functioning and the attainment of patient
goals.
Indeed, Fowler (2015) suggests that good clinical leaders must continually find
an intersection between good leadership and management skills to be
successful.

10/2/2023
Skills clinical leaders employ to promote retention,
responses included the following: what do you suggest ?
Listen to the needs of the staff
Put on training sessions
Support staff in their professional development
Make sure the off-duty rotation is fair and requests are honored wherever possible
Clinical supervision and mentoring
Staff meetings
Leading from the front (i.e., working clinically and demonstrating good practice
Setting high standards, but not unrealistic ones
Saying “thank you” to staff after a particularly busy shift of difficult situation
Organizing social events

10/2/2023
10/2/2023
Managers
defines management as “the organization and
BusinessDictionary.com

coordination of the activities of a business in order to achieve

defined objectives”
This definition implies that management is the process of
leading and directing all or part of an organization, through the
deployment and manipulation of resources.

Management is the process of leading and directing all or part of an organization through the
deployment and manipulation of resources.

10/2/2023
10/2/2023
Leaders
Although the term leader has been in use since the 1300s, the word leadership
was not known in the English language until the first half of the 19th century.
Despite its relatively new addition to the English language, leadership has
many meanings and there is no single definition broad enough to encompass
the total leadership process.
To examine the word leader, however, is to note that leaders lead. Leaders are
those individuals who are out front, taking risks, attempting to achieve shared
goals, and inspiring others to action. Those individuals who choose to follow
a leader do so by choice, not because they have to.
Leaders are in the front, moving forward, taking risks, and challenging the
status quo.
10/2/2023
It is important to remember though that a job title alone does not make a
person a leader.
Only a person’s behavior determines if he or she holds a leadership role.
The manager is the person who brings things about—the one who
accomplishes, has the responsibility, and conducts.
A leader is the person who influences and guides direction, opinion, and
course of action.

10/2/2023
Other characteristics of leaders include the
following: let’s mention some
Leaders often do not have delegated authority but obtain their power
through other means, such as influence.
Leaders have a wider variety of roles than do managers.
Leaders may or may not be part of the formal organization.
Leaders focus on group process, information gathering, feedback, and
empowering others.
Leaders emphasize interpersonal relationships.
Leaders direct willing followers.
Leaders have goals that may or may not reflect those of the
organization.
10/2/2023
What does it take to stop being a leader ?

It is important to remember that all it takes to stop being a leader is to

have others stop following you.
Leadership then is more dynamic than management, and leaders do
make mistakes that can result in the loss of their followers.
For example, Zenger and Folkman (2009), using 360-degree feedback data from more
than 450 Fortune 500 executives, identified 10 fatal flaws that derail
leaders. Although these flaws seem fairly obvious, many ineffective
leaders are unaware that they exhibit these behaviors.

10/2/2023
10/2/2023
Fatal Leadership Flaws
• A lack of energy and enthusiasm
• Acceptance of their own mediocre performance
• Lack of a clear vision and direction
• Having poor judgment
• Not collaborating
• Not walking the talk
• Resisting new ideas
• Not learning from mistakes
• A lack of interpersonal skills
• Failing to develop others

10/2/2023
10/2/2023
Common Leadership Roles

Decision maker Coach Forecaster

Communicator Counselor Influencer
Evaluator Teacher Creative problem solver
Facilitator Critical thinker Change agent
Risk taker Buffer Diplomat
Mentor Advocate Role model
Energizer Visionary Innovator
Priority setter Director Encourager

10/2/2023
FINALLY LET’S COMPARE OUR KEYPOINTS

10/2/2023
Comparison of Management and Leadership
Components
Managers;
Are assigned a position by the organization
Have a legitimate source of power due to delegated authority that
accompanies their position
Have specific duties and responsibilities they are expected to carry out
Emphasize control, decision making, decision analysis, and results
Manipulate people, the environment, money, time, and other resources to
achieve the goals of the organization
Have a greater formal responsibility and accountability for rationality and
control than leaders
Direct willing and unwilling subordinates

10/2/2023
Leaders;
Often do not have delegated authority but obtain power through other
means, such as influence
Have a wider variety of roles than managers
Focus on group process, information gathering, feedback, and empowering
others
May or may not be part of the formal hierarchy of the organization
Emphasize interpersonal relationships
Direct willing followers
Have goals that may or may not reflect those of the organization

10/2/2023
10/2/2023