CÉSAR VALLEJO UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF HUMANITIES
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF PSYCHOLOGY
CURRICULAR EXPERIENCE IN ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Surnames and names of the members of the group:

1. Causillas Acevedo, Gricelda

2. Esteban Sánchez, Jane
3. Huapaya Espinoza, Carlos Junior
4. Huaranga Salazar, Vanessa
5. Zarate Saldarriaga, Jhon Andersson

Read the following case carefully

The plastic products company Reciclados del Norte has initiated an aggressive program to reduce costs
and unnecessary expenses. As an example, it is customary for all internal communication to be done by e-
mail in order to save paper. Only when sending documentation to external customers, the letterhead with
the company's logo may be used. Another initiative implies that each member of the company must bring
his or her own cup in case he or she is used to drinking coffee or tea during working hours and is
responsible for washing it. This results in savings of plastic cups, as they were normally discarded once
used.
Also, periodically -every week, every two weeks or every month- printed financial reports are issued via
Excel, which are sent to each manager by the IT department. Each department analyzes these reports
carefully, striving to come up with ideas that will help reduce costs and increase productivity.
Managers who achieve higher profits and higher productivity levels are more likely to be promoted. As a
result of the above situation, interdepartmental competition has developed, to the extent that many
managers spend the first few hours of Monday comparing their most recent performance with that of
previous weeks, asking their colleagues how they are doing with the cost reduction plan.
1. Since the IT department is responsible for processing the data, it also has the final say in deciding in
what format the information should be presented. In the past year, on three separate occasions managers
have designed new data forms and requested all other departments to use them. Managers see this as a
demonstration of their power, but have refused to complain openly because they do not want to upset the
IT department and take repressive action.
2. Rumors suggest that some managers are being clandestinely provided with printed data on the results
obtained by other departments. This gives them insight into the development of the other departments and
causes the underperforming departments to collude against the higher-performing departments. For
example, if the production department was very efficient in the previous month, the departments that
depend on production to achieve this goal reduce their support and thereby limit production efficiency so
that it does not achieve the goal. In addition, managers who have good relationships with key IT personnel
are the ones who are supposedly receiving the printed reports from other departments. General
management has denied this rumor, but "coincidentally" last week copies of information related to
departments that did not correspond to their area were found in the offices of three managers.
3. The IT department has acquired great importance within the organization, as it is rumored that the
manager of this department will be the next CEO of the company. Managers of other departments perceive
that they have been manipulated, as information is generated and distributed in a discretionary manner,
according to the interests of the IT manager. However, they cannot openly express their disagreement
because they comment: "After all, who would dare to say anything against the IT department? We are all
dominated by fear".

You as consultants are requested to prepare a proposal that includes the following:

1. Choose two motivational theories and present a proposal to promote motivation in this
organization. Justify your answer.
• Theory of content

Acquired needs: Due to the fact that all personnel have three important needs among
them are:
 • Need for achievement: To have the capacity for efficiency in order to achieve the
organization's objective based on its work goals.
• Need for power: Inferring basic needs, which if not adequately fulfilled will affect the well-
being of the company's personnel.
• Need for affiliation: It is important to create assertive communication within the group or
work area to reach the goals set by the organization.
• Process theory

Reinforcement: They state that reinforcements condition a good undertaking, where they
are considered:

• Positive reinforcement: It is important to recognize the importance of incentivizing and

motivating workers for increased development in their activities.

• Negative reinforcement: Certain negative stimuli should be eliminated, such as

comparisons and competencies in areas that do not help workers in their job
performance.

• Positive punishment: The demands that are observed at the end of a basic activity,
generates that they are effective in respecting an order, getting to comply with the rules
established by the organization.

• Negative punishment: When personnel do not comply with the rules, they are
sanctioned or removed from the company.

2. Propose at least two forms of compensation for this organization taking into account the
existing situation.

Salary Structure: Given the current situation of the organization, this compensation
mechanism could be viable, since the managers who achieve higher profits and higher levels of
productivity have more possibilities of being promoted and with it would come a higher salary
and with it, of course, in an equitable manner.This would also motivate the company's
personnel to reach a higher position within the area to which they belong.

Social benefits: According to the internal social responsibility of each organization, this
mechanism should be taken into account because the employee will feel that his effort is
recognized in the organization, whether it is the individual or group work he has in his area,
which will result in a constant improvement in labor development and thus generate an
identification of the personnel with the organization.