March 2022 Final Update

ETHIOPIAN CONSTRUCTION DESIGN AND SUPERVION WORKS COORPORATION
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION, GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING AND UNDERGROUND

CONSTRUCTION DESIGN AND SUPERVION WORKS SECTOR
WELMEL IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
WELMEL IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT PROJECT, MONTHLY CONSTRUCTION GEOTECHNICAL REPORT
SUBMITED BY: WELMEL IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT GEOTECHNICAL

ENGINEERING SECTION
(GRUMIE A. ZELALEM M & WEGAYEHU Z.)
SUBMITED TO: WELMEL IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGER
CC: WELMEL IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT RESIDENT ENGINEER OFFICE
DATE 30/03/2021
i
Welmel Irrigation development Geotechnical engineering section, Bale, Oromia
Acronyms
CC: Community crossing

CD: Crossing drainage
FDT: Field density
GWM: Gravity wall masonry
MDD: Maximum dry density
OMC: Optimum moisture content
RRM: Random rubble masonry
NSP: Night storage pond
TBI: To be identify
WSC: Welmel secondary canal
WTC: welmel tertiary canal
ii
Table of Contents
Acronyms..................................................................................................................................................ii
Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................... iii
List of tables ...............................................................................................................................................v
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1. General ...................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2. PROJECT SALIENT FEATURE AND CONTRACT DETAIL ............................................................. 2
1.2.1. Project salient feature ....................................................................................................... 2
1.2.2. Project contract detail ....................................................................................................... 3
1.2.3. Project site section organization ....................................................................................... 4
2. EXECUTED ACTIVITIES ..................................................................................................................... 5
2.1. Welmel feeder canal (Lot-1).......................................................................................................... 5
2.1.1. Foundation works ................................................................................................................. 5
2.1.1.1. Headwork foundation ........................................................................................................ 5
2.1.1.2. Feeder canal structures ..................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1.3. Canal............................................................................................................................. 11
2.1.2. Embankment and backfill ...................................................................................................... 1
2.1.3. Construction material ............................................................................................................ 1
2.1.3.1. Concrete Aggregate .......................................................................................................... 1
2.1.3.2. Filter ................................................................................................................................ 3
2.1.3.3. Backfill ............................................................................................................................. 4
2.1.3.4. Embankment material ....................................................................................................... 5
2.1.3.5. Masonry stone .................................................................................................................. 6
2.1.4. ENCOUNTERED PROBLEMS AND ACTION TAKEN/SOLUTION ............................................ 7
2.1.4.1. Encountered problem ........................................................................................................ 7
2.1.4.2. Action taken ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.1.5. OUTSTANDING TECHNICAL ISSUES THAT REQUIRE HEAD OFFICE INTERVENTION ......... 7
2.1.6. NEXT MONTH PLAN ............................................................................................................ 7
2.1.7. Over status of Lot-1 .............................................................................................................. 8
2.2. Irrigation and drainage system (Lote-2).......................................................................................... 9
2.2.1. Foundation works ................................................................................................................. 9
iii
2.2.1.1. Irrigation and drainage system structures ............................................................................ 9
2.2.1.2. Canal foundation work..................................................................................................... 11
2.2.1.3. Embankment work .......................................................................................................... 15
2.2.1.4. Road and Project management unit (house)...................................................................... 16
2.2.1.5. Construction material................................................................................................... 16
2.2.1.6. ENCOUNTERED PROBLEMS AND ACTION TAKEN/SOLUTION ...................................... 19
2.2.1.7. Overall Status of the Lot-2 Project........................................................................... 19
3. REFERENCE ................................................................................................................................... 20
4. Annex .............................................................................................................................................. 21
4.1. Lot-1 As built drawing............................................................................................................. 21
4.2. Lote-1 photo gallery ............................................................................................................... 24
4.3. LOT-1 laboratory test result summary ................................................................................... 30
4.4. PHOTOGRAPH VIEW AND LABORATORY TEST RESULTS OF LOT-2......................................... 34
........................................................................................................................................................... 34
4.5. Lot-2 Laboratory test result .................................................................................................... 38
iv
List of tables
Table 1: Project salent feature detail ...................................................................................................... 2

Table 2: Project owner detail .................................................................................................................. 3
Table 3: Project cost detail ...................................................................................................................... 3
Table 4: head work foundation excavation preparation and treatment work activity summary .......... 7
Table 5: Shawe crossing foundation work activity summary ................................................................. 8
Table 6: Community crossing construction status summary .................................................................. 9
Table 7: feeder canal crossing drainage structure construction status summary ................................ 10
Table 8: canal foundation excavation, preparation, and treatment summary ...................................... 3
Table 9:backfill material gradation test result summary ....................................................................... 5
Table 10: Welmel feeder canal and weir project construction material reserve summary ................... 6
Table 11: welmel irrigation and drainage system night storage foundation work activity summary .. 10
Table 12: welmel irrigation and drainage system Community crossing construction status summary 10
Table 13: feeder canal crossing drainage structure construction status summary .............................. 11
Table 14: welmel Irrigation and drainage system primary canal work activity summary .................... 12
Table 15: welmel Irrigation and drainage system secondary-1 foundation work y summary ............. 13
Table 16: welmel Irrigation and drainage system secondary-2canal work activity summary.............. 14
Table 17:welmel irrigation and drainage system embankment field density test result summary ..... 16
Table 18: welmel irrigation and drainage system construction project construction material reserve
summary................................................................................................................................................ 18
Table 19: FDT Result Table for clay fill .................................................................................................. 39
Table 20: FDT result table for backfill work .......................................................................................... 41
List of Figures
Figure 1:Site geotechnical engineering section organization ................................................................. 4

Figure 2: wear body and cutoff foundation excavation .......................................................................... 6
Figure 3: weir upstream trench backfill .................................................................................................. 6
Figure 4:shawe flume left abutment foundation work........................................................................... 8
Figure 5:CD-7 foundation excavation and preparation .......................................................................... 9
Figure 6:drp structure foundation excavation and preparation ........................................................... 10
Figure 7:canal foundation excavation view .......................................................................................... 11
Figure 8:under drainage design between 12+300-12+700).................................................................. 12
Figure 9: foundation preparation and under drainage filter installation activity ................................. 12
Figure 10: course aggregate sampling and testing activities .................................................................. 2
Figure 11: gradatin test result graph summary ...................................................................................... 2
Figure 12: course aggregate gradation test result summary .................................................................. 2
Figure 13: fine aggregate test results summary ..................................................................................... 3
Figure 14: Proposed backfill material sampling and testing activities .................................................... 4
Figure 15: Proposed backfill material limit test summary ...................................................................... 5
Figure 16: CD-7 foundation excavation and preparation ..................................................................... 11
v
Figure 18: borrow material production inspection ............................................................................... 18
Figure 19: weir body second compartment upstream foundation excavation, preparation, and
treatment .............................................................................................................................................. 24
Figure 20:weir downstream cut off foundation excavation and preparation ...................................... 26
Figure 21: canal foundation excavation and preparation ..................................................................... 27
Figure 22: stone masonry lining & plastering work WPC...................................................................... 34
Figure 23: Bottom drain excavation WPC ............................................................................................. 34
Figure 24: concrete work HR of WPC .................................................................................................... 35
Figure 25: Figure 26: WTC-6-1 Plastering activity ................................................................................. 35
Figure 27: Embankment Fill work @ WTC-6-1 ...................................................................................... 35
Figure 28: clay production @ borrow 9 ................................................................................................ 36
Figure 29:drop foundation excavation .................................................................................................. 36
Figure 30:negele community crossing foundation excavation ............................................................. 37
Figure 31: clay material sampling borrow 10 ........................................................................................ 37
vi
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. General
The Welmel Irrigation project is located about 550 km Southeast of Addis Ababa in Bale zone of Oromiya Regional State at
the foothill of the Bale Mountains. The proposed headwork on the Welmel River is located at UTM 572800 East and 710423
North and it is about 30 km upstream of the command area, just downstream of the confluence of Welmel, Guda, and Welmel
Tika rivers. The Welmel Feeder Canal takes off from the proposed Diversion structure.
Diversion Weir is located across the river to raise the normal water level of the river to divert the required supply into the
canal. The Head Regulator of Welmel Feeder canal is integrated with the Diversion Weir and its purpose is to control the
supplies of water and prevent sediment entry into the off-taking canal.
The river bed slope is very steep about 1:30 at the weir site, high afflux can be accommodated due to deep river section and
no possibility of water spreading upstream, and a solid weir is proposed for ease in operations and low cost. The under-sluice
is provided for excluding silt from the river bed. The crest level of the Head Regulator is kept by 1.20 m higher than the crest
level of under-sluice to prevent the entry of silt in the Feeder Canal. The detail of the project’s salient feature, cost, and
contract period are mentioned in the table.
Welmel irrigation project geotechnical engineering section is working and planning following the provided work schedule
for two lot sites (lot-1 and Lot-2). A plan is made to conduct construction material assessment and production
supervision, foundation excavation monitoring, and classification in every level of excavation in correlation with the
requirement stated in the design provided. Slope excavation and foundation treatment design modification is under
taken as per the investigation made during excavation. Sampling and laboratory tests are conducted in the project site
laboratory and central laboratory as required. Besides, these laboratory test results are analyzed and evaluated as per
the technical specification provided. The main activities planned to be executed of August are provided below.
1
1.2. PROJECT SALIENT FEATURE AND CONTRACT DETAIL
1.2.1. Project salient feature
Welmel Irrigation development project construction is undertaken as per the design and bill owned by the contracting
and consulting company in charge. The project is undertaken as per the design contract bill owned into two sub-projects
Lot-1 (Feeder canal) and irrigation and drainage system (Lot-2) as stated in the Table 2 below.
Lot-1 Weir& Feeder Canal Construction Works
Item No Description Unit Quantity
1 Diversion Weir No 1
2 Feeder Canal & Associated Structures
2.1 Feeder Canal km 28.54
i RCC Box km 0.2
ii RCC Slab Covered Trapezoidal (Side Slope 1:0.5) Masonry Canal km 2.4
iii Open Trapezoidal (Side Slope 1:0.5) Wall Masonry Canal km 12.46
iv Open Trapezoidal(Side Slope 1:1.5) Masonry lined canal km 13.26
2.2 Feeder Canal Structures
i Shawee River Crossing (Flume), 120-meter length No 1
ii Cross Drainage Culvert: 20m (5), 22.5m(16), 50m(1) No 22
iii Vertical Drop, 0.5m up to 2m high No 169
3 Gates
i Sluice Emergency and Service gate set 2
ii Head regulator Emergency service gates set 2
ii Canal Gates set 3
4 Shawe Bridge and Community Crossing Bridge set 5
Lot-2 Irrigation & Drainage System
Item No Description Unit Quantity
1 Primary Canal 1 in No km 4.4
2 Secondary Canals 4 in No km 58.48
3 Tertiary Canals 45 in No km 72.4
4 Night Storage Ponds at head of TC No 45
5 Structures on all Canals PC to TC No 910
6 Project management Unit (430x373m). No 1
Table 1: Project salent feature detail
2
1.2.2. Project contract detail
Welmel project is undertaken after the bill owned by the winging company as per the program implemented by the
client responsible for the specific project as summarized in table 2 and table 3 below.
No Company /office Responsibility Specific site
1 Ministry of Irrigation and law lands Client Lot 1 and Lot 2
2 Ethiopian construction design and supervision Consultant Lot 1 and Lot 2

works corporation
3 Alemayehu Ketema General contractor Contractor Lot 1
4 Oromia construction corporation Contractor Lot 2
Table 2: Project owner detail
Project Original contract Contract-2 amount Date of award Contract Duration of the
amount (Birr) (Birr) signing date project
Lot-1 1440785801316.52 1,722,099,316.82 June 24/2019 June 24/2019 36 months
Lot-2 1,457,673,237.11 1,882,436,901.11 June 24/2019 June 24/2019 36 months

Table 3: Project cost detail
3
1.2.3. Project site section organization
The project Geotechnical engineering section is organized by a group of geological/engineering

geologist and laboratory technicians working for the geotechnical works of the two Lots (Lot 1 and Lot
2).
Team leder
/Geotechnical engineer
Geitechnical/Material Geitechnical/Material
engineer engineer
Laboratory technicain Laboratory technician
Figure 1:Site geotechnical engineering section organization
4
2. EXECUTED ACTIVITIES
Different geotechnical engineering activities are conducted in Welmel development project construction as per the
design and technical specification provided. These activities are implemented by geotechnical and material engineers
assigned in two isolated project sites known as Lot-1 and Lot-2 constructed by two different contracting companies. The
activities implemented include detail investigation, slope stability analysis, excavation monitoring, blasting design
preparation and evaluation, concrete Mix design preparation and evaluation, material production monitoring, material
sampling, and testing planning, and laboratory test data analysis accordingly.
2.1. Welmel feeder canal (Lot-1)
Welmel feeder canal geotechnical engineering activities encompass the head work (weir site) and feeder canal (the
28.54 km) of Welmel irrigation development project construction site. Different geotechnical activities are undergoing in
the different components of Welmel feeder canal including excavation monitoring, stability analysis, foundation
excavation, design canal slope, foundation treatment, construction material assessment, and production monitoring are
undertaken as per the design and specification provided.
2.1.1. Foundation works
The geotechnical works of the foundation are undertaken in different sites of Welmel Feeder canal, head work, and
auxiliary structures. The excavation, slope stability, and foundation treatment work are supervised and checked to the
satisfaction of the requirement stated in the technical specification. Geological as built is prepared at different levels of
foundation excavation and preparation. The result is summarized and correlated with the assumption made in the design
of structure interest.
2.1.1.1. Headwork foundation
2.1.1.1.1. Foundation excavation
The excavation work has been proceeding at the Weir body foundation and upstream and downstream cut off as per
the design provided. The excavation is undertaken between the thirty-five meters end far to the right part of the weir to
farther fifteen meters (second compartment) as per the construction plan allocated. The weir body, upstream and
downstream cutoff foundation is constituted by silty sand alluvial deposit. The slope of the left and right abutments is
assessed and evaluated for its stability. Design modification is provided for the right abutment slop excavation and the
design modification for the left abutment is undergoing. Geological and geotechnical inspection is made during the
commencement of excavation in correction with the earlier investigation conducted and the final geological as built is
prepared accordingly and presented as an annex.
5
Figure 2: wear body and cutoff foundation excavation
2.1.1.1.2. Foundation preparation and treatment
The surface of the foundation wear section and cutoff are prepared until all loose soils and debris are removed to the
satisfaction of the foundation preparation requirement stated for foundation backfill and cut of installation provided in
the design. The upper one-meter soft silty sand layer constituting the wear foundation is replaced by a sandy gravel
granular crushed rock material collected from the blasted rock fragment. An Impervious blanket is provided for the
immediate trench excavated at the upstream section of the weir body of the head work. The replacement and cut off
structure backfill work is constructed by compaction using compacter in correlation with the energy specified by modified
compaction conducted in the laboratory earlier.
Figure 3: weir upstream trench backfill
6
Structure Location excavation Preparation Material Material Backfill Remark

type /chainage and classificatio
treatment description n
Wing wall Left completed completed Silty sand soil Not yet 1m foundation
abutment (alluvium) replaced
Divide Left completed completed Silty sand soil completed 1m foundation

wall abutment (alluvium) replaced
Weir body Left side completed completed Silty sand soil completed 1m foundation
50m (alluvium) replaced
Upstream Left side completed completed Silty sand completed Upstream sid
cut off 50m (alluvium) backfill
Downstre Left side completed completed Silty sand completed

am 50m (alluvium)
Inverted US/DS _ _ _ _ _
filter
Apron US/DS _ _ _ _ _
Table 4: head work foundation excavation preparation and treatment work activity summary
2.1.1.2. Feeder canal structures
Welmel feeder canal passes through different topography and intercepts through the community access road. The canal
is provided by different structures to bring the right design discharge feasible to the nature and demand of the area of
interest. These include flume, Community Bridge, crossing drainage, and drop structures.
2.1.1.2.1. Flume
Shawe flume is provided to the canal to pass through the deep valley found along the Shawe River found five kilometers
away from the head work (weir) site of welmel feeder canal site.
The construction of the foundation pier and abutment of the flume is proceeding at the left side of the river. The
excavation and clearance of the right abutment foundation are conducted for the satisfaction of the design provided.
The final geological as built is prepared and presented following the foundation excavation and preparation.
7
Figure 4:shawe flume left abutment foundation work
ID Location excavation Preparation Material Material Backfill Remark

/chainage and classification
treatment description
L-abut 6+328 completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet
Pier-1 5+338.5 completed completed Weathered granite soil completed
Pier-2 5+350 completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet
Pier-9 5+428.6 completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet
R-abut 5+440 completed completed Weathered granite soil none

Table 5: Shawe crossing foundation work activity summary
2.1.1.2.2. Community crossing
Bridges are designed to facilitate the community access roads intercepted by the canal root. The foundation excavation
and preparation of the community bridge crossing of the canal at 14+300 are monitored and evaluated to the assumption
considered in the design provided. The foundation is constituted by red-brown stiff silty clay soil. The final geological as
built is prepared and presented following the foundation excavation and preparation.
8
ID Location excavation Preparation Material Backfill Remark

/chainage and
CC-1 6+240 completed completed Weathered basalt Not yet
CC-2 11+920 On progress Not yet Weathered basalt Not yet 15m embankment fill
CC-3 14+460 completed completed Stiff silty clay soil Not yet
Table 6: Community crossing construction status summary
2.1.1.2.3. Crossing drainage
Crossing drainages are provided following the deep transversal flood bring section intercepted by the canal to create a
pass way to flood water. The foundation excavation and preparation of the foundation of cross drainage located at
7+004 are monitored and evaluated to the assumption considered in the design provided. The foundation material is
constituted by Gray completely weathered and fractured rock. The final geological as built is prepared and presented
following the foundation excavation and preparation
Figure 5:CD-7 foundation excavation and preparation
9

/chainage and
CD-2 1+520 completed completed Granite and colluvium Completed Outlet needs treatment
CD-5 5+740 completed completed Weathered granite Completed finished
CD-6 5+940 completed completed Weathered Basalt completed Outlet treatment needed
CD-7 7+004 completed completed Weathered basalt Not done
CD-8 8+140 completed completed Stiff silty clay soil completed
CD-9 8+660 completed completed Stiff silty clay soil completed
CD-10 13+360 completed completed Weathered granite completed
CD-11 13+900 completed 1m replaced Highly plastic soil completed Boycha muck section
Table 7: feeder canal crossing drainage structure construction status summary
2.1.1.2.4. Drop structures
Drop structures are provided following the nature of longitudinal topography of the canal root to the satisfaction of the
design slope provided. The foundation excavation and preparation of the drop structure found at 19+300, 19+360,
19+460, 19+500, 5+940, 5960, 19+300 and, 19+360 are monitored and evaluated to the requirement and assumptions
considered in the design provided. The foundation material of these structures is constituted by red-brown stiff silty clay
soil. The final geological as built is prepared and presented following the foundation excavation and preparation.
Figure 6:drp structure foundation excavation and

preparation
10
2.1.1.3. Canal
2.1.1.3.1. Foundation excavation
Canal excavations proceed using a Bulldozer, and jackhammer into the rock section of the feeder canal between
11+600-11+900 which is constituted by slightly weathered and fractured rock and weathered mass, and excavator
were used in the excavation of the canal trench and bottom drain into the silty clay residual soil and soft rock between
11+550-11+600, 12+300-12+700, and 17+040-17+100. The groundwater level raise above the canal bed level
between 12+00 and 12+700. The foundation excavation inspection and interpretation have been undertaken to the
canal lining design provided. Final Geological x-section and L-section as-built are prepared in every level of excavation
and foundation preparation is accomplished.
Figure 7: canal foundation excavation view
2.1.1.3.2. Foundation treatment and preparation
Different types of foundation treatment are constructed considering the geotechnical nature of the geological
material encountered, including, bedding concrete, box culvert, gravity masonry, and random rubble masonry ling
are provided in the construction of the feeder canal.
Installation of the Underdrainage filter under for foundation, and slope of the trapezoidal random rubble masonry
lining is undertaken between 16+00 and 17+100. Underdrainage filter with the perforated pipe is provided under
the bedding concrete of the masonry lining considering the poor to moderated drainage properties of the sandy silt
and silty clay soil and raising groundwater level between 12+300 and 12+700.
11
Figure 8:under drainage design between 12+300-12+700)
Figure 9: foundation preparation and under drainage filter installation activity
12
chainage structure Site Trench Slope Material Material Backfill Remark

clearance Excavation teaming and classification
and preparation description
stripping
0+00-0+100 Under sluice Completed Not yet Not yet alluvium soil Not yet
0+100-0+300 Box culvert Completed completed completed Weathered granite Hard rock Not yet
0+300-0+360 GWM Completed To TBL Not yet Slightly weathered basalt Hard rock Not yet
GWM
0+360-0+500 Completed To TBL Not yet Colluvium deposit soil Not yet
0+500-0+800 GWM Completed Above TBL Not yet Slightly weathered basalt Hard rock Not yet
0+800-0+840 CD-1 Completed Above TBL Not yet Silty clay residual soil soil Not yet
0+840-0+037 GWM Completed Above TBL Not yet Slightly weathered basalt soil Not yet
1+037-1+128 GWM Completed To CBL Not yet Sandy gravel (alluvium) soil none Retaining with
backfill wall
1+128-1+340 GWM Completed To CBL Not yet Gravel and boulder (colluvium soil Not yet provided
1+340-1+490 GWM Completed To CBL Not yet Completely Weathered Granite soil Not yet
1+490-1+580 GWM Completed Below CBL Not yet Gravel and boulder (colluvium) soil Not yet Retaining wall
1+580-2+160 GWM Completed completed completed Weathered Granite Soft rock Not yet
2+160-3+400 GWM Completed Above CBL Not yet Slightly weathered basalt rock Not yet
1
3+400-3+480 GWM Completed Above CBL Not yet Gravel and boulder (colluvium soil Not yet
3+480-4+360 GWM Completed completed completed Weathered basalt rock Not yet Only one side
4+360-5+120 GWM Completed To TBL Not yet Weathered basalt rock Not yet
5+210-5+240 GWM Completed completed completed Weathered basalt rock Not yet Including drop
5+240-5+315 GWM Completed completed completed Silty clay residual soil soil Not yet Including drop
5+460-5+800 GWM Completed completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet
5+800-7+740 GWM Completed completed completed Weathered mass (basalt) soil Not yet
7+740-8+00 GWM Completed Above CBL Not yet Silty sand residual soil soil Not yet
8+00-10+400 GWM Completed completed completed Silty clay residual soil soil Not yet
10+400-11+500 GWM Completed completed completed Sandy clay with rock fragment soil Not yet
11+500-12+600 GWM Completed completed completed Weathered basalt Soft rock Not yet
12+600-12+200 GWM Completed To TBL completed Weathered basalt Hard rock Not yet
12+200-12+700 GWM Completed Above CBL Not yet Sandy clay residual soil soil Not yet Filter designed
12+700-13+440 GWM Completed completed completed Plastic silty clay residual soil soil Not yet 0.6m replaced
13+440-13+760 GWM Completed completed completed Stiff silty clay residual soil soil Not yet
13+760-14+00 GWM Completed Below CBL Not Yet Highly plastic /organic soil soil Not yet Embankment/CD
2
14+00-15360 GWM Completed completed completed Stiff silty clay residual soil soil Not yet
15+520-17+040 RRM Completed completed completed Stiff silty clay residual soil soil filter Under drainage
17+040-19+360 RRM Completed Not yet Not yet Stiff silty clay residual soil soil Not yet Under drainage
19+360-22+000 RRM Completed Not yet Not yet Silty-clay soil with organic matter soil _ Under drainage
22+00-26+00 RRM Not yet Not yet Not yet Bush and organic soil
26+00-28 +400 RRM Completed Not yet Not yet Silty-clay soil with organic matter soil
Table 8: canal foundation excavation, preparation, and treatment summary
3
2.1.2. Embankment and backfill
Embankment design is provided in the design of welmel feeder canal considering the geographical, geological, and
geotechnical makeup of the project interest. The uppermost section of the right and left bank of Welmel feeder canal
(between Chainage 14+340 -28+400) and to fill the lowest level above CD-11 between 13+720 and 14+00 is provided
by embankment design.
None of the embankment works are undertaken during the reporting month.
2.1.3. Construction material
Construction material is the main component of weir and canal construction of feeder canal. The availability and quality
of the construction material in the vicinity of a proposed construction project play a significant role in different types of
materials are demand in the construction of weir, feeder canal, and auxiliary structures, including concrete aggregate,
backfill, embankment material, filter, aprons, and masonry stone.
2.1.3.1. Concrete Aggregate
Aggregates are inert materials that are mixed with binding materials such as cement or lime for the manufacturing of
mortar or concrete as well as road pavement. Different investigation and assessment strategies are followed to establish
a quarry and borrow source with a feasible reserve and hauling distance to the project interest. Concrete aggregate is
one of the major entities demanded in the construction of canal bedding, weir structure, cross drainage bedding, and
pier foundation construction. The rock excavated from the rock section of the Welmel feeder canal and sand borrowed
from the downstream area is used for aggregate source respectively.
2.1.3.1.1. Coarse aggregate
Rock excavated from the rock section of Welmel feeder canal (0+100 to 3+400) has been used in the production of
course aggregate for concrete and mortar works. Different Quality tests are conducted on a sample taken from the
stated quires and evaluated in correlation with the requirement stated on the technical specification. The tests conducted
include flakiness indices, with an average value of 31.9%, ten percent fine value with an average value of 243.4 KN, silt
clay content with an average value of 0.72%, and a gradation which lies within the gradation limit stated in the technical
specification.
1
Figure 10: course aggregate sampling and testing activities
CRUSHED AGGREGATE GRADING

110
100
90
80
70
% passing
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1 10 100
Seive size in mm
Figure 12:
11: course
gradatin
aggregate
test result
gradation
graph summary
test result summary
2.1.3.1.2. Fine aggregate
Natural sands are mostly the main source of Fine aggregate material considering its quality and easiness in extraction.
Natural sand aggregate from Ededima River is used in Welmel feeder canal structure works. Production of welmel fine
aggregate material is conducted using a loader by dry pit mining along the stream course. The sand passing through a
2
10mm opening is used for aggregate after the required quality test stated on the specification.
Different Quality tests are conducted on a sample taken from different sources at different times and evaluated in
correlation with the requirement stated in the technical specification. The tests conducted include silt clay content and,
gradation. The silt clay content of the sand varies been 3.2 to 3.5% and the gradation lies within the overall limit stated
in the technical specification.
Natural sand grading

110
100
90
80
70
% passing
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.0 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0
Seive size in mm
Figure 13: fine aggregate test results summary
2.1.3.2. Filter
Under drainage, a filter is provided under the foundation to protect material migration and uplift pressure. Natural sands
are mostly the main source of Fine aggregate material considering their quality and easiness in extraction. Sand
produced from Ededima River and aggregate crushed at the site batching plant is used to construct the drainage blanket
in provision to the design provided.
gradation. The silt clay content of the sand varies been 3.2 to 3.5% and the gradation lies within the overall limit stated
in the technical specification.
3
FILITER 2 CRUSHED AGGREGATE GRADING

110
100
90
80
70
% PASS
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
PARTICLES SIZE (mm)
2.1.3.3. Backfill
Backfill is constructed either to compensate for extra trench excavated beneath structures, to compensate over-
excavation below design level or to strengthen the weak foundation material in contact with the structure of interest.
Excavated material from a different section of the canal is sampled and tested to use after the clarification provided in
the site visit discussion organized earlier.
Figure 14: Proposed backfill material sampling and testing activities
Gradation, density, and limit tests for fines are conducted simultaneously in the excavation outputs of materials
excavated from a different section of the canal and weir foundation. The maximum dry density of the material varies
between 1.35 with 28.5% OMC and 1.52 (gm. /cm3) with 21.3% OMC.
4
Table 9: backfill material gradation test result summary
Series1
Series2
Aline
PLASTICITY CHART
60
U-LINE A-LINE
50
PLASTICITY INDEX (PI)
40 CH Or
30
CL Or MH Or
20
10 CL-
ML-
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
LIQUID LIMIT (LL)
Figure 15: Proposed backfill material limit test summary
2.1.3.4. Embankment material
Different embankment materials are used in the construction of canals considering the geographical, geological and
geotechnical makeup of the project interest. Silty clay/clayey silt and silty gravel material excavated from the center of
the canal are used in the construction of the uppermost section of the right and left bank of Welmel feeder canal
5
(between Chainage 14+340 -17+600 and to fill the Lowest level above CD-11.
None of the embankment material is produced or tested in the reporting month
2.1.3.5. Masonry stone
Masonry structures are the main component of Welmel feeder canal lining. Considering this, the block of rocks
excavated from the rock section of Welmel feeder canal is identified as the source of masonry material. Simultaneously.
The Lithological description is used to identify the compatible rock type to be used in the construction of ongoing
masonry work. Aplanatic basalt is used as the main entity of masonry stone.
Material Total Quantity Quantity Demanded Remaining required Remark

required (m^3) to date (m^3) quantity(m^3)
Coarse aggregate 45,518.33 TBI TBI
Fine Aggregate 68,508.31 TBI TBI
Structural Backfill 453123.27 0 453,123.27
Foundation backfill 42,833.91 7000 35,833.91
Course filter 19115.14 2489.912 16,625.23
Fine filter 14307.4 1919.912 12,387.49
Embankment 82272.63 TBI TBI
Masonry stone 256698.1 TBI TBI
Apron 2454.75 0 2,454.75

Table 10: Welmel feeder canal and weir project construction material reserve summary
6
2.1.4. ENCOUNTERED PROBLEMS AND ACTION TAKEN/SOLUTION
2.1.4.1. Encountered problem
There are a few problems encountered during the reporting month and these are:
 The absence of an experienced geotechnical engineer/ engineering geologist (material and foundation
engineer) from the contractor side results in improper and complex foundation preparation and embankment
material production.
 Absence of continuity in the excavation and treatment works of the foundation.
 Absence of clear specification for backfill material related to the type of structure in charge
 Absence of a data collector and data encoder personnel for the section
 Absence of a laboratory technician to the satisfaction of the project scope
 Absence of written section assignment and communication line
2.1.4.2. Action taken
 We are trying to advise the contractor to bring the right person with the right experience
 We are trying to advise the contractor repeatedly to do the right foundation treatment with a defined schedule.
 We are trying to make additional investigations into the available construction materials referring to the different
standards and experiences.
 We are trying to cover the data collection and laboratory test with the geotechnical/material engineers and
reported to the Resident Engineer’s office to hire the stated personal
 We have requested to the resident engineer and construction geotechnical engineering project Manager’s to
provide a written statement that clarifies the section tasks.
2.1.5. OUTSTANDING TECHNICAL ISSUES THAT REQUIRE HEAD OFFICE INTERVENTION

2.1.6. NEXT MONTH PLAN
 Monitor and characterize the excavation of canal, cross drainage, and weir foundation
 Inspect construction materials at different production sites and conduct continuous laboratory testing.
 Prepare geological as built in all excavated sections of the canal, CD, drop, flumes, and weir sites
7
 Design the retaining wall along the canal between 1+280 and 1+58 and provide a design for right abutment
slope excavation.
2.1.7. Over status of Lot-1
The overall status of the feeder canal is 59.5%
8
2.2. Irrigation and drainage system (Lote-2)
Welmel Irrigation development project geotechnical engineering section is working for the consultation of different
geological and geotechnical activities undertaken in the different components of welmel Irrigation and drainage system
project work, including excavation monitoring, foundation martial checking, construction material assessment, treatment
design, fill density test and production monitoring, are undertaken as per the design and specification provided.
2.2.1. Foundation works
The geotechnical works of the foundation are undertaken in different sites of Welmel irrigation and drainage system
canal and structures. The excavation and foundation f treatment work is supervised and checked to the requirement
stated in the technical specification. Geological as built is prepared at a different levels of excavation, and foundation
preparation. The result is summarized and correlated with the assumption made in the design of structure interest.
2.2.1.1. Irrigation and drainage system structures
Welmel Irrigation and drainage system canal passes through different topography and intercepts through the community
access road. The canal is provided by different structures to bring the right design discharge feasible to the nature and
demand of the area of interest. These include flume, Community Bridge, crossing drainage, and drop structures.
2.2.1.1.1. Night storage ponds
Construction of night storage facilities allow to collect, and store of canal water that flows overnight, which otherwise
would have been passed unused.
Welmel irrigation, and drainage system are provided with a 45-night storage at the head of the tertiary canals to store
surplus water that flows above the required design discharge demand considered.
ID Location excavation Preparation Material Soil Geomebrane Remark

/chainage and classification with soil
treatment description cover
NSP-1 primary partially Not yet Silty clay soil soil Not yet
NSP1-2 Secondary-1 partially Not yet Silty clay soil soil Not yet
NSP1-3 Secondary-1 partially Not yet Silty clay soil soil Not yet
NSP1-4 Secondary-1 partially Not yet Black cotton soil soil Not yet
9
NSP2-2 Secondary-2 partially Not yet Not yet
NSP2-5 Secondary-2 partially Not yet Not yet

Table 11: welmel irrigation and drainage system night storage foundation work activity summary
2.2.1.1.2. Community Crossing
Bridges are designed to facilitate the community access roads intercepted by the canal root. The foundation excavation
and preparation of the community bridge crossing are monitored and evaluated to the assumption considered in the
design provided. The foundation is constituted by red-brown stiff silty clay soil. The final geological as built is prepared
and presented following the foundation excavation and preparation.

/chainage and
CC-1 0+414 completed completed Weathered basalt completed

Table 12: welmel irrigation and drainage system Community crossing construction status summary
2.2.1.1.3. Crossing drainage
Crossing drainages are provided following the deep transversal flood bring section intercepted by the canal to create a
pass way to flood water. The foundation excavation and preparation of the foundation of cross drainage located at
2+500 are is on progress. The foundation material is constituted of weathered, and fractured basalt rock. The final
10
geological as built is prepared and presented following the foundation excavation and preparation
Figure 16: CD-7 foundation excavation and preparation
ID Location excavation Preparatio Material Material Backfill Remark

/chainage n and classification
CD-1 2+500 On progress Not yet Weathered basalt Not yet Outlet needs treatment
Table 13: feeder canal crossing drainage structure construction status summary
2.2.1.1.4. Drop structures foundation
Drop structures are provided following the nature of the longitudinal topography of the canal root to the satisfaction of
the design slope provided. The foundation excavation and preparation of the drop structure found in WSC-P at 3+400,
3+700, 3+900, 3+750, 3+660 & 4+060 are monitored and evaluated to the requirement and assumptions
considered in the design provided. The foundation material of these structures is constituted by highly plastic soil that
is not satisfied the required foundation provided in the design. A 0.5 meter thick selected material is used for foundation
replacement. The final geological as built is prepared and presented following the foundation excavation and
preparation.
2.2.1.2. Canal foundation work
Welmel Irrigation and drainage system is incorporated primary, secondary, and tertiary canals. Construction of canals
is undertaken in the different sections of Welmel irrigation and drainage system project site. Different geological and
geotechnical activities are implemented in different levels of canal construction undertaken. This includes foundation
11
excavation, slope cut monitoring, treatment planning, designing, and lining placement monitoring.
2.2.1.2.1. Primary canal foundation
Canal excavations proceed using Bulldozer, and excavator considering the geological and geotechnical makeup of the
site cut through. Geological and geotechnical characterization and recommendations are made in every level of
excavation as per the investigation conducted during construction monitoring. Existing level excavation observation
reveals 2 kilometers of the primary canal is constituted by red-brown silty clay soil and the rest is constituted by red-
brown silty clay soil.
chainage structure Clearing Trench Slope Material Material Remark

and excavation trimming and classification
stripping preparation description
0+000-2+700 RRM completed completed completed Red Stiff silty-clay soil soil
Table 14: welmel Irrigation and drainage system primary canal work activity summary
12
2.2.1.2.2. Secondary-1 foundation
Secondary-1 canals are constructed to distribute water from the primary canal to the tributary canals. The clearance,
excavation, and preparation of welmel irrigation and drainage system secondary-1 canal are undertaken as per the
design provided. The first two kilometers of the canal foundation are constituted by red stiff silty clay soil and the rest
21 kilometers are constituted by dark-gray black cotton soil. Foundation material is inspected, analyzed, and presented
to the assumption considered in the design provided. Geological as built is prepared and reported at every level of the
excavation commencement.
chainage structure Clearing Slope Material Material Remark

and trimming classificatio
Stripping and description n
preparation
0+000-2+120 Earthen completed completed Red Stiff silty clay soil soil Cut exist
2+120-8+820 Earthen completed completed Dark-gray black cotton soil soil Fill section
19+00-20+200 Earthen completed Not yet _ Fill section

Table 15: welmel Irrigation and drainage system secondary-1 foundation work y summary
2.2.1.2.3. Secondary-2 foundation
Secondary-2 canals are constructed to distribute water from the primary canal to the tributary canals. The clearance,
excavation, and preparation of welmel irrigation and drainage system secondary-2 canal are undertaken as per the
design provided. Foundation material is inspected, analyzed, and presented to the assumption considered in the design
provided. Geological as built is prepared and reported at every level of the excavation commencement.
chainage structur Site Excavation Slope Material Material Remark

e clearance trimming classifica
and description tion
Stripping
0+000-1+940 Earthen completed completed completed Red Stiff silty clay soil soil
13
1+940-2+650 Earthen completed completed completed Plastic black cotton soil soil
_
4+900-5+040 Earthen completed _ Red Stiff silty clay soil soil
_ _
5+040-5+780 Earthen completed Plastic black cotton soil soil
_ _
5+780-7+900 Earthen completed Red Stiff silty clay soil soil
_ _
7+900-12+600 Earthen completed Plastic black cotton soil soil
_ _
12+600-14+00 Earthen completed Red Stiff silty clay soil soil
_ _
14+00-18+000 Earthen completed Silt clay with gravel soil
_ _
18+00-21+00 Earthen completed Weathered soil
granite/sandy clay soil
_ _
21+00-26+00 Earthen completed Sandy clay soil soil
Table 16: welmel Irrigation and drainage system secondary-2canal work activity summary
2.2.1.2.4. Tertiary canal foundation work
Tertiary canals are constructed to distribute water from primary and secondary canals to command area fields. The
clearance, excavation, and preparation of welmel irrigation and drainage system tertiary canals are undertaken as per
the design provided. Foundation material is inspected, analyzed, and presented to the assumption considered in the
design provided. Geological as built is prepared and reported at every level of the excavation commencement.
The canal route of Tertiary canals (WTC) of WSC1-P a total of 13 Tertiary site clearance completed from this 11 of them
stripping work is completed and 4 of them embankment fill work is in progress. The canal route of Tertiary canals WTC
of WSC2-P a total of 15 Tertiary site clearance completed from this 11 of them stripping work is completed.
14
2.2.1.3. Embankment work
Welmel irrigation and drainage system canal traverses through different geologic settings, incorporate cut to fill section
depending on the surrounding terrain, and cross numerous natural drainage. Embankment fill is considered to fill lower
terrain section below canal bed level, and to treat the drainage property of the canal foundation and bank accordingly.
The embankment of welmel irrigation and drainage system canals is undertaken as per the design provided. Fill
spreading, compaction, and quality Geological as built are prepared and reported at every level of the excavation
commencement. Inspecting field tests conducted on a site FDT on the filling work on WSC1-P, and Tertiary canals
WSC1-P & WSC2-P. This month most dominantly embankment fill work is on Tertiary canals of WSC1-P and WSC2-P
for better quality assurance the embankment fill work field density taken.
This month filed density tests have been done on canal embankment fill of WSC1-P, Tertiary canals of WSC1-P, and
WSC2-P. This month we are conducting a total of 56 field density tests taken from clay fill work, namely 3 on WTC-6-1,
20 on WTC-4-1, 8 on WTC-5-1, 10 on WTC-3-1, 2 on WTC-1-1, and 8 on WTC-4-1-NSP. From a total of 56 FDT tests,
46 of them fulfilled requirements 10 of them failed. The routine field density taken for the canal fills on the secondary
canal (see Annex B).
15
Clay Fill Field Denstity Test Result Chart For The Month Of March
110.0
108.0
106.0
104.0
102.0
100.0
98.0
96.0
94.0
92.0
90.0
88.0
86.0
84.0
82.0
80.0
-3.5 -2.5 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5
FDT test Lower limit of OMC Upper limit of OMC >=95% of degree of compation
Table 17: welmel irrigation and drainage system embankment field density test result summary
2.2.1.4. Road and Project management unit (house)
Aces Road and project management unit (house) construction are among the component of the irrigation and drainage
system construction site supervision works. The geotechnical engineering section is working for the inspection of
material quality used for the production of HCB blocks, foundation, sub-base, and aggregate material for Road and
house construction undertaken in camp and canal sites.
2.2.1.5. Construction material
Construction material is the main component of canal construction of the irrigation and drainage system construction.
The availability and quality of the construction material in the vicinity of a proposed construction project play a significant
role in different materials demanded in the construction of the canal, drop, head regulator, house, road, and crossings.
This include concrete aggregate, backfill, embankment materials base, wear course, masonry stone, and filter. The
geotechnical engineering section is working for the assessment of available material at the site level and conducting
sampling, testing, and analysis of the test data in correlation with the requirement stated in the technical specification.
Aggregates are inert materials that are mixed with binding materials, such as cement or lime for the manufacturing of
mortar or concrete as well as road pavement. Different investigation and assessment strategies are followed to establish
a quarry and borrow source with a feasible reserve and hauling distance to the project interest. Concrete aggregate is
one of the major entities demanded in the construction of canal bedding, weir structure, cross drainage bedding, and
pier foundation construction. The rock excavated from the rock section of the Welmel feeder canal and sand produced
from the downstream area is used respectively.
16
2.2.1.5.1. Coarse aggregate
Rock excavated from the rock section of Welmel feeder canal (0+100 to 0+400) has been used for the production of
coarse aggregate for concrete and mortar works. Different Quality tests are conducted on a sample taken from the
stated quires and evaluated in correlation with the requirement stated on the technical specification. The tests conducted
include gradation which lies within the gradation limit stated in the technical specification (see detail in the annex of this
report).
2.2.1.5.2. Fine aggregate
Natural sands are mostly the main source of Fine aggregate material considering its quality and easiness in extraction.
Natural sand aggregate from Ededima River is used in Welmel feeder canal structure works. Production of welmel fine
aggregate material is conducted using an excavator by dry pit mining along the stream course. The sand passing
through a 10mm opening is used for fine aggregate and filter material after the required quality test stated on the
specification.
Different Quality tests are conducted on a sample taken from the sources at different times and evaluated in correlation
with the requirement referred, and stated on the technical specification.
2.2.1.5.3. Backfill
Backfill is constructed either to compensate for the extra trench excavated beneath structures, to compensate for extra
excavation below the design level, or to strengthen the weak foundation material in contact with the structure of interest.
The Investigation is conducted to identify a suitable material used to fill the foundation replacement to treat drop
foundation at the canal routes. Different tests including atterberg limit, gradation, free swell, and standard proctor are
conducted to select appropriate cohesive non-swelling soil.
2.2.1.5.4. Embankment material
Different embankment materials are used in the construction of welmel irrigation and drainage system canal construction
considering the geological and geotechnical makeup of the project interest. Silty clay/clayey silt material excavated from
borrow 9 is used in the construction of fill sections of the right and left bank of Welmel irrigation and drainage system
canals. This fill serves as an impervious lining and as a shoulder to the random rubble masonry lining of the canal
accordingly. Considering the lower natural moisture content the section is ripped with riper and soaked before production
until it attains the optimum moisture content determined from the compaction test conducted in the laboratory.
17
Figure 17: borrow material production inspection
Material assessment is conducted to identify additional borrow areas used for the construction of impervious lining. One
borrow source area is identified near WSC2-P at change 26+000. Different quality tests are conducted to characterize
the proposed borrow source material.
2.2.1.5.5. Masonry stone
Random rubble Masonry is the main component of Welmel irrigation and drainage system canal lining. Considering
this, the block of rocks excavated from quarry site near to campsite is used in the production of masonry stone.
Simultaneous Geological description is used to select the compatible rock type to be used in the construction of
ongoing masonry work. Aplanatic basalt is used as the main entity of masonry stone.
2.2.1.5.6. Filter
Under drainage, a filter is provided under the foundation to protect material migration and uplift pressure. Natural sands
are mostly the main source of Fine aggregate material considering their quality and easiness in extraction. Sand
produced from Melkaamana and aggregate crushed at the site batching plant is used to construct the drainage blanket
in provision to the design provided.
gradation. The silt clay content of the sand varies been 0 to 3 and the gradation lies within the overall limit stated in the
technical specification.
Table 18: welmel irrigation and drainage system construction project construction material reserve summary
18
2.2.1.6. ENCOUNTERED PROBLEMS AND ACTION TAKEN/SOLUTION
2.2.1.6.1. Encountered problem
There are a few problems encountered during the reporting month and these are:
 Calibration of laboratory some laboratory equipment including Multi-functional electric scale Electronic,
balance, Precision balances, and Ovens is not conducted as per the requirement stated in the equipment
specification
 Shortage of machinery in clay production borrow site
 Absence of proper compaction equipment for drop structure foundation replacement work
2.2.1.6.2. Action taken
 The stated problems have raised in the 3C meeting, and an agreement has been made to take immediate
action.
2.2.1.7. Overall Status of the Lot-2 Project
The overall update status of the irrigation and drainage system project is 32.5%,
19
3. REFERENCE
 Monthly Report Preparation Guideline for Monthly Report Preparation Guideline for Irrigation Construction
Geotechnical Works OP/ECDSWC-GS/005
 Welmel irrigation development project specification , bill of quantity, and design report
20
4. Annex
4.1. Lot-1 As built drawing
21
22
23
4.2. Lote-1 photo gallery
Figure 18: weir body second compartment upstream foundation excavation, preparation, and treatment
24
25
Figure 19:weir downstream cut off foundation excavation and preparation
26
Figure 20: canal foundation excavation and preparation
27
28
29
4.3. LOT-1 laboratory test result summary
Strength test result summary for coarse aggregate

Test type Sam Materi Descripti Samplin Purpos Sample Test Averag Test Specificati
ple al type on g e date date e test method on limit
NO station result or
Referen
ce
Flakiness 121 Grade Crushed Stock For 8/3/20 14/3/20 31.9% BS 812- BS 882
index d aggr piled concre 22 22 P105.1 Max.40%
coarse te
aggreg
ate
10% fines 121 “ “ “ “ 8/3/20 14/3/20 243.4K BS 812- 882 Table
test 22 22 N 111:199 2(Min) 150
0 KN
Shell 121 “ “ “ “ “ 0.00 BS 812- 882 Table
content 106 1
test
Clay and “ Grade “ “ “ 8/3/20 14/3/20 0.72% BS 882 Table
silt d 22 22 812.103 6 (max.2%)
content coarse
aggr
Gradation test result summary for coarse aggregate

Trial Sample Materi Descript Sampli Purpo Sample Test Sieve size(mm)
or NO al type ion ng se date date 50 37. 20 14 10 5
Sampl station 5
e BS 882 Table 3 graded
coarse aggregate
_ 10 90- 40- 30- 0-
0 10 80 60 10
0
1 121 Graded Crushed Stock For 8/3/20 14/3/20 99. 69. 38. 7.
coarse aggr piled concre 22 22 10 10 1 5 3 0
aggr te 0 0
2 121 “ “ “ “ 8/3/20 14/3/20 99. 68. 39. 6.
22 22 10 10 0 3 4 7
0 0
3 121 “ “ “ “ 8/3/20 14/3/20 98. 68. 40. 5.
22 22 10 10 5 0 3 7
0 0
Gradation test result for fine aggregate
Sample Source Description Sampling Purpose Sample date Test date Clay and silt Specification
NO station content limit
122 Eded dima river Natural Stock For 8/3/2022 13/3/2022 3.3%
sand sand piled concrete
30
122 “ “ “ “ 8/3/2022 13/3/2022 3.5% BS 882

122 “ “ “ “ 8/3/2022 13/3/2022 3.2% Table 6
(Max.4%)
Average 3.4 %
Sieve size(mm)
10. 5.0 2.36 1.18 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.0
Trial Sam Sourc Descrip Sampli Purpos Sampl Test 0 5 75
or ple e tion ng e e date date BS 882 Table 4 overall limit
Sam NO station
ple 10 89- 65- 45- 25- 5-
0- 0-4
0 100 100 100 80 48
15
1 12 Eded Natural Stock For 8/3/ 13/3/

dima sand piled concret
2 river e 2022 22 10 97. 93. 80. 61. 23. 9. 3.
sand 0 6 1 3 2 1 2 3
2 12 “ “ 8/3/ 13/3/
2 2022 22 98 96. 91. 78. 58. 23. 8. 3.
.7 6 4 3 6 8 2 5
3 12 Eded Stock For 8/3/ 13/3/
dima Natural piled concret
2 river e 2022 22 99 96. 91. 79. 59. 24. 8. 3.
sand
sand .2 9 8 0 9 0 3 2
Proposed backfill material test summary

Sam
Sour Descript Sampling Purpos
ple
ce ion station e
NO Atterbeg limit Grain size % COMPACTION
MDD
GRAVE (gm./cm OMC
LL PL PI CLAY SAND L 3) (%)
10+06
can
Elastic 0- back 52. 33.
al 7 8
18.9 87.9 12.1 0 1.51 25.8
silty 10+12 fill
115 cut
0
As per ASTM D2487 -9800
MH
soil grouped in to
Elastic 10+42
can
silty 0- back 58.
al 3
37 21.3 80.4 18.1 1.5 1.37 25.3
with 10+48 fill
116 cut
sand 0
MH
soil is grouped into
31
10+82
can Silty
0- back 64. 42.
al with 1 6
21.5 84.4 15.6 0 1.35 28.5
10+88 fill
117 cut sand
0
MH
soil grouped in to
Sandy
11+10
can elasic
0- back 42.
al silty 64
1
21.9 57.4 25.4 17.2 1.37 25.3
11+16 fill
118 cut with
0
gravel
MH
soil grouped in to
Silty 11+40
can
SAND 0- back 35.
al 50
7
14.3 35.2 30.2 34.5 1.52 21.3
with 11+48 fill
119 cut
gravel 0
SM
soil grouped in to
1. SUMMERY OF IN -SITU CONCRETE CASTING TEST RESULT OF weir body, lean & canal
bedding concrete
Sr/N Date Grade Ceme Type Compressiv

o casted Of nt of Date tested e Strength Remarks
Concre (Kg/m cement Average
te 3) ( MPa)
Slump
(mm)
7th 28 th 7t 28t
day day h h
da da
y y
` Dangote Weir body,
1 30/1/20 C-15 Grade- 50 6/2/202 27/2/20 15.5 23. cistern part
22
307 32.5 2 22 2 first
(PPC)
compartment
lean concrete
Dangot Canal
2 31/1/20 C-15 e 55 7/2/202 28/2/20 14.0 28. bedding &
22 307 Grade- 2 22 3 drop
32.5(PP upstream
C) bedding
concrete
chainage
from 15+160-
15+180,13+3
80-
13+420,17+4
32
60 &17+520
Dangot Cross
1/2/202 e 50 8/2/202 1/3/202 12.0 18. drainage (CD
3 2 C-15 307 Grade- 2 2 7 7) upstream
32.5(PP &
C) downstream
wing wall pad
concrete
chain age
from 7+00s
Dangot Shawe
4 2/2/202 C-15 307 e 50 9/2/202 2/3/202 13.4 21. crossing
2 Grade- 2 2 0 outlet
32.5(PP abatement
C) additional
wing wall pad
concrete
chain age
from 5+453
Dangot Canal
5 4/2/202 C-15 307 e 55 11/2/20 4/3/202 13.4 19. bedding
2 Grade- 22 2 3 concrete
32.5(PP chain age
C) from 13+420-
13+460
Dangot Canal
6 8/2/202 C-15 307 e 50 15/2/20 8/3/202 11.6 18. bedding
2 Grade- 22 2 3 concrete
32.5(PP chain age
C from 13+620-
13+680
33
4.4. PHOTOGRAPH VIEW AND LABORATORY TEST RESULTS OF LOT-2
Figure 21: stone masonry lining & plastering work WPC
Figure 22: Bottom drain excavation WPC
34
Figure 23: concrete work HR of WPC
Figure 24: Figure 25: WTC-6-1 Plastering activity
Figure 26: Embankment Fill work @ WTC-6-1
35
Figure 27: clay production @ borrow 9
Figure 28:drop foundation excavation
36
Figure 29:negele community crossing foundation excavation
Figure 30: clay material sampling borrow 10
37
4.5. Lot-2 Laboratory test result
Site FRO Borrow Lab OMC MD %M Field Moisture Lay Pa fa Rema

Date TO
Location M Source MDD % D DD Moisture difference er ss il rk
05/03/2 0+3 1.4
022 WTC- 6-1 50 0+800 borrow-9 1.48 27 4 97.3 26.70 0.3 3RD √
05/03/2 0+3 1.5 103.
022 WTC- 6-1 50 0+800 borrow-9 1.48 27 2 0 26.2 0.8 3RD √
05/03/2 0+3 1.5 102.
022 WTC- 6-1 50 0+800 borrow-9 1.48 27 1 0 26.3 0.7 3RD √
07/03/2 0+0 1.4
022 WTC- 4-1 00 0+700 borrow-9 1.48 27 3 96.6 27.0 0.0 1st √
07/03/2 0+0 1.4
022 WTC- 4-1 00 0+700 borrow-9 1.48 27 6 98.6 28.7 -1.7 1st √
07/03/2 0+0 1.4 100.
022 WTC- 4-1 00 0+700 borrow-9 1.48 27 8 0 26.3 0.7 1st √
08/03/2 0+0 1.4 100.
022 WTC- 4-1 00 0+700 borrow-9 1.48 27 9 7 26.8 0.2 2nd √
08/03/2 0+0 1.4
022 WTC- 4-1 00 0+700 borrow-9 1.48 27 7 99.3 27.9 -0.9 2nd √
08/03/2 0+0 1.5 102.
022 WTC- 4-1 00 0+700 borrow-9 1.48 27 1 0 25.5 1.5 2nd √
08/03/2 0+7 1.4
022 WTC- 4-1 00 1+757 borrow-9 1.48 27 7 99.3 27.5 -0.5 1st √
08/03/2 0+7 1.4 100.
022 WTC- 4-1 00 1+757 borrow-9 1.48 27 9 7 27.2 -0.2 1st √
08/03/2 0+7 1.4
022 WTC- 4-1 00 1+757 borrow-9 1.48 27 6 98.6 26.1 0.9 1st √
10/03/2 0+8 1+757. 1.2
022 WTC- 4-1 00 342 borrow-9 1.48 27 7 85.8 32.8 -5.8 2nd √
10/03/2 0+8 1+757. 1.2
022 WTC- 4-1 00 342 borrow-9 1.48 27 5 84.5 29.5 -2.5 2nd √
10/03/2 0+8 1+757. 1.4
022 WTC- 4-1 00 342 borrow-9 1.48 27 1 95.3 22.1 4.9 2nd √
11/03/2 WTC- 4-1- 1.4 100.
022 NSP borrow-9 1.48 27 8 0 28.9 -1.9 7th √
11/03/2 WTC- 4-1- 1.4
022 NSP borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 27.6 -0.6 7th √
12/03/2 0+0 1.4 100.
022 WTC- 5-1 00 0+500 borrow-9 1.48 27 8 0 27 0.2 1st √
12/03/2 0+0 1.4
022 WTC- 5-1 00 0+500 borrow-9 1.48 27 7 99.3 27.3 -0.3 1st √
14/03/2 WTC- 4-1- 1.6 108.
022 NSP borrow-9 1.48 27 0 1 20.0 7.0 8th √
14/03/2 WTC- 4-1- 1.4
022 NSP borrow-9 1.48 27 1 95.3 26.0 1.0 8th √
14/03/2 WTC- 4-1- 1.3
022 NSP borrow-9 1.48 27 9 93.9 30.0 -3.0 8th √
14/03/2 0+7 1+757. 1.2
022 WTC 4-1 00 345 borrow-9 1.48 27 6 85.1 33.0 -6.0 2nd √
14/03/2 0+7 1+757. 1.3
022 WTC- 4-1 00 345 borrow-9 1.48 27 6 91.9 27.0 0.0 2nd √
14/03/2 0+7 1+757. 1.5 102.
022 WTC- 4-1 00 345 borrow-9 1.48 27 2 7 19.0 8.0 2nd √
14/03/2 0+7 1+757. 1.5 105.
022 WTC- 4-1 00 345 borrow-9 1.48 27 6 4 16.0 11.0 2nd √
15/03/2 WTC 5-1- 0+0 1.5 106.
022 P 00 0+300 borrow-9 1.48 27 7 1 26.7 0.3 2nd √
15/03/2 WTC 5-1- 0+0 1.5 106.
022 P 00 0+300 borrow-9 1.48 27 8 8 27.1 -0.1 2nd √
38
15/03/2 0+8 1.4

022 WTC4-1 00 1+100 borrow-9 1.48 27 2 95.9 25.7 1.3 2nd √
15/03/2 0+8 1.4 100.
022 WTC4-1 00 1+100 borrow-9 1.48 27 8 0 27.0 0.0 2nd √
15/03/2 0+5 1.5 102.
022 WTC 5-1- 00 0+800 borrow-9 1.48 27 2 7 25.9 1.1 1st √
15/03/2 0+5 1.4
022 WTC 5-1- 00 0+800 borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 27.0 0.0 1st √
15/03/2 WTC- 4-1- 1.4
022 NSP borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 26.4 0.6 8th √
15/03/2 WTC- 4-1- 1.4
022 NSP borrow-9 1.48 27 7 99.3 25.0 2.0 8th √
15/03/2 WTC- 4-1- 1.4
022 NSP borrow-9 1.48 27 1 95.3 25.2 1.8 8th √
16/03/2 1+1 1.5 106.
022 WTC -4-1 00 1+740 borrow-9 1.48 27 8 8 25.9 1.1 2nd √
16/03/2 1+1 1.5 105.
022 WTC -4-1 00 1+740 borrow-9 1.48 27 6 4 26.0 1.0 2nd √
16/03/2 1+1 1.4
022 WTC- 4-1 00 1+740 borrow-9 1.48 27 6 98.6 27.4 -0.4 2nd √
18/03/2 0+3 1.5 102.
022 WTC- 5-1 00 0+800 borrow-9 1.48 27 1 0 25.8 1.2 2nd √
18/03/2 0+3 1.4
022 WTC- 5-1 00 0+800 borrow-9 1.48 27 3 96.6 27.5 -0.5 2nd √
18/03/2 1.4
022 WTC -4-1 borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 28.8 -1.8 √
18/03/2 1.5 102.
022 WTC -4-1 borrow-9 1.48 27 1 0 28.4 -1.4 √
18/03/2 1.4 100.
022 WTC -4-1 borrow-9 1.48 27 9 7 27.3 -0.3 √
18/03/2 1.4
022 WTC -4-1 borrow-9 1.48 27 7 99.3 26.4 0.6 √
19/03/2 0+0 1.5 103.
022 WTC 1-1- 00 0+405 borrow-9 1.48 27 3 4 25.2 1.8 1st √
19/03/2 0+0 1.5 106.
022 WTC 1-1- 00 0+405 borrow-9 1.48 27 7 1 27.0 0.0 1st √
19/03/2 0+4 1.5 103.
022 WTC-3-P 60 0+660 borrow-9 1.48 27 3 4 28.8 -1.8 3rd √
19/03/2 0+4 1.4 100.
022 WTC-3-P 60 0+660 borrow-9 1.48 27 8 0 27.1 -0.1 3rd √
19/03/2 1+1 1.4 100.
022 WTC-3-P 80 1+320 borrow-9 1.48 27 8 0 27.8 -0.8 3rd √
19/03/2 1+1 1.4
022 WTC-3-P 80 1+320 borrow-9 1.48 27 7 99.3 26.8 0.2 3rd √
19/03/2 0+5 1.4
022 WTC-3-P 40 0+900 borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 27.9 -0.9 3rd √
19/03/2 0+5 1.4
022 WTC-3-P 40 0+900 borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 27.9 -0.9 3rd √
19/03/2 0+5 1.4
022 WTC-3-P 40 0+900 borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 27.9 -0.9 3rd √
19/03/2 0+5 1.4
022 WTC-3-P 40 0+900 borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 27.9 -0.9 3rd √
19/03/2 0+5 1.4
022 WTC-3-P 40 0+900 borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 27.9 -0.9 3rd √
19/03/2 0+5 1.4
022 WTC-3-P 40 0+900 borrow-9 1.48 27 5 98.0 27.9 -0.9 3rd √
Table 19: FDT Result Table for clay fill
39
Site Stati Borrow Lab OM M %M Field Moisture Pa fa

Date Layer Remark
Location on Source MDD C% DD DD Moisture difference ss il
16/02/ 2+5 1.4 Rand Head Regulator O/T
2022 WTC 4-P 60 borrow-5 1.58 22 9 94.3 22.2 -0.2 om √ from NSP
16/02/ 2+5 1.4 Rand Head Regulator O/T
2022 WTC 4-P 61 borrow-5 1.58 22 8 93.6 23.3 -1.3 om √ from NSP
15/02/ WSC 1- 2+4 1.4 Replacing Expansive
2022 P-Drop 00 borrow-5 1.58 22 8 93.8 22.3 -0.3 3rd √ soil by CNS
2022 P-Drop 00 borrow-5 1.58 22 1 95.9 21.7 0.3 3rd √ soil by CNS
2022 P-Drop 00 borrow-5 1.58 22 2 96.1 21.2 0.8 3rd √ soil by CNS
2022 P-Drop 00 borrow-5 1.58 22 0 95.0 22.1 -0.1 3rd √ soil by CNS
2022 P-Drop 40 borrow-5 1.58 22 8 93.5 22.9 -0.9 1st √ soil by CNS
15/02/ WSC 1- 2+6 1.5 100. Replacing Expansive
2022 P-Drop 40 borrow-5 1.58 22 8 2 27.0 -5.0 1st √ soil by CNS
2022 P-Drop 40 borrow-5 1.58 22 5 91.8 21.4 0.6 2nd √ soil by CNS
2022 P-Drop 40 borrow-5 1.58 22 7 93.0 23.2 -1.2 2nd √ soil by CNS
2022 P-Drop 60 borrow-5 1.58 22 0 94.9 21.2 0.8 1st √ soil by CNS
2022 P-Drop 20 borrow-5 1.58 22 1 95.4 23.2 -1.2 2nd √ soil by CNS
10/02/ WSC 1- 2+1 1.4
2022 P-Drop 20 borrow-5 1.58 22 9 94.0 22.3 -0.3 1st √
30/01/ WSC 1- 2+5 1.4
2022 P-Drop 76 borrow-5 1.58 22 3 90.3 26.6 -4.6 2nd √
27/01/ WSC 1- 2+5 1.4
2022 P-Drop 77 borrow-5 1.58 22 9 94.3 28.4 -6.4 1st √
27/01/ WSC 1- 2+5 1.4
2022 P-Drop 78 borrow-5 1.58 22 6 92.5 31.8 -9.8 1st √
30/01/ WSC 1- 2+5 1.5
2022 P-Drop 79 borrow-5 1.58 22 3 96.6 26 -3.6 2nd √
30/01/ WSC 1- 2+5 1.4
2022 P-Drop 80 borrow-5 1.58 22 6 92.5 31.8 -9.8 2nd √
01/02/ WSC 1- 2+5 1.4
2022 P-Drop 81 borrow-5 1.58 22 4 91.2 31.6 -9.6 2nd √
01/02/ WSC 1- 2+5 1.5
2022 P-Drop 82 borrow-5 1.58 22 3 96.8 25.8 -3.8 2nd √
02/02/ WSC 1- 2+5 1.4
2022 P-Drop 83 borrow-5 1.58 22 2 89.6 30.8 -8.8 6th √
12/03/ WSC- 1-P- 3+4 1.4 Replacing Expansive
2022 CNS 00 borrow-5 1.55 22 8 95.5 22.7 -0.7 1st √ soil by CNS
12/03/ WSC- 1-P- 3+4 1.4 Replacing Expansive
2022 CNS 00 borrow-5 1.55 22 9 96.1 23.4 -1.4 1st √ soil by CNS
14/03/ WSC 1-P- 3+7 1.4 Replacing Expansive
2022 CNS 00 borrow-5 1.55 22 4 92.9 20.0 2.0 √ soil by CNS
15/03/ WSC 1-P- 3+4 1.5 101. Replacing Expansive
2022 CNS 00 borrow-5 1.55 22 8 9 20.0 2.0 √ soil by CNS
15/03/ WSC 1-P- 3+4 1.7 109. Replacing Expansive
2022 CNS 00 borrow-5 1.55 22 0 7 22.1 -0.1 √ soil by CNS
40

16/03/ WSC-1-P- 3+7 1.4 Replacing Expansive
2022 CNS 50 borrow-5 1.55 22 8 95.5 22.0 0.0 2nd √ soil by CNS
2022 CNS 50 borrow-5 1.55 22 4 92.9 22.0 0.0 2nd √ soil by CNS
2022 CNS 60 borrow-5 1.55 22 5 93.5 22.5 -0.5 2nd √ soil by CNS
2022 CNS 60 borrow-5 1.55 22 1 91.0 23.0 -1.0 2nd √ soil by CNS
2022 CNS 60 borrow-5 1.55 22 8 95.5 23.5 -1.5 √ soil by CNS
Table 20: FDT result table for backfill work
41
Loction Drop structure Foundation WSC1-P

Sampled by Wegayehu & Alemu
sample date 21/05/2014
Tested date 26/05/2014
Liquid Limit Plastic Limit

container no.
Mass of container + wet soil 59.78 57.15 72.32 67.1 18.2 19.29
Mass of container + dry soil 40.59 38.54 44.12 40.55 14.78 15.51
Mass of moisture 19.19 18.61 28.2 26.55 3.42 3.78
Mass of container 18.78 18.73 18.42 18.77 7.34 7.32
Mass of dry soil 21.81 19.81 25.7 21.78 7.44 8.19
No. of blows 32 28 24 20
Moisture content 87.99 93.94 109.73 121.90 45.97 46.15
150
130 10 25 Free Swell

110 45 45 110%
90 25 25
60 30 LL 105.00
70
PL 46.06
50
PI 58.94
30
10 100
25
42
43

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ETHIOPIAN CONSTRUCTION DESIGN AND SUPERVION WORKS COORPORATION

GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION, GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING AND UNDERGROUND

WELMEL IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT PROJECT, MONTHLY CONSTRUCTION GEOTECHNICAL REPORT

SUBMITED BY: WELMEL IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT GEOTECHNICAL

CC: Community crossing

Table 1: Project salent feature detail ...................................................................................................... 2

Figure 1:Site geotechnical engineering section organization ................................................................. 4

1.2. PROJECT SALIENT FEATURE AND CONTRACT DETAIL

1.2.1. Project salient feature

1.2.2. Project contract detail

No Company /office Responsibility Specific site

1 Ministry of Irrigation and law lands Client Lot 1 and Lot 2

2 Ethiopian construction design and supervision Consultant Lot 1 and Lot 2

3 Alemayehu Ketema General contractor Contractor Lot 1

4 Oromia construction corporation Contractor Lot 2

Table 2: Project owner detail

Lot-1 1440785801316.52 1,722,099,316.82 June 24/2019 June 24/2019 36 months

Lot-2 1,457,673,237.11 1,882,436,901.11 June 24/2019 June 24/2019 36 months

1.2.3. Project site section organization

The project Geotechnical engineering section is organized by a group of geological/engineering

Laboratory technicain Laboratory technician

Figure 1:Site geotechnical engineering section organization

2.1. Welmel feeder canal (Lot-1)

2.1.1. Foundation works

2.1.1.1. Headwork foundation

2.1.1.1.1. Foundation excavation

Figure 2: wear body and cutoff foundation excavation

2.1.1.1.2. Foundation preparation and treatment

Figure 3: weir upstream trench backfill

Structure Location excavation Preparation Material Material Backfill Remark

Divide Left completed completed Silty sand soil completed 1m foundation

Downstre Left side completed completed Silty sand completed

2.1.1.2. Feeder canal structures

Figure 4:shawe flume left abutment foundation work

ID Location excavation Preparation Material Material Backfill Remark

L-abut 6+328 completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet

Pier-1 5+338.5 completed completed Weathered granite soil completed

Pier-2 5+350 completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet

Pier-3 5+361 completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet

Pier-4 5+372 completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet

Pier-8 5+417 completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet

Pier-9 5+428.6 completed completed Weathered granite soil Not yet

R-abut 5+440 completed completed Weathered granite soil none

2.1.1.2.2. Community crossing

ID Location excavation Preparation Material Backfill Remark

CC-1 6+240 completed completed Weathered basalt Not yet

2.1.1.2.3. Crossing drainage

Figure 5:CD-7 foundation excavation and preparation

ID Location excavation Preparation Material Backfill Remark

CD-5 5+740 completed completed Weathered granite Completed finished

CD-7 7+004 completed completed Weathered basalt Not done

CD-8 8+140 completed completed Stiff silty clay soil completed

CD-9 8+660 completed completed Stiff silty clay soil completed

CD-10 13+360 completed completed Weathered granite completed

2.1.1.2.4. Drop structures

Figure 6:drp structure foundation excavation and

2.1.1.3.1. Foundation excavation

Figure 7: canal foundation excavation view

2.1.1.3.2. Foundation treatment and preparation

Figure 8:under drainage design between 12+300-12+700)

Figure 9: foundation preparation and under drainage filter installation activity

chainage structure Site Trench Slope Material Material Backfill Remark

2.1.2. Embankment and backfill