BLDG6241– Building Information Modeling in Construction

Last Lecture: BIM Challenges & Trends

Dr. Jong Won Ma
Assistant Professor

Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering

Concordia University

1
Timeline
Date Week Topics Assignment Due
Jan. 11 1 Lecture 1: Course Introduction & Lecture 2: Introduction to BIM

Lecture 3: Setting Up a Project for Success & Lab 1: Hands-on 3D Modeling (Autodesk Revit
Jan. 18 2
Architecture)
Jan. 25 3 Lecture 4: Model-based Cost Estimating & Lab 2: Hands-on Model-based Cost Estimating

Feb. 1 4 Quiz 1 & Teams to work on HW1 in class

Group Presentations: HW 1 (presenting groups 1-4) & Quiz 1 Re-visit HW1

Feb. 8 5
Lecture 5: Project Scheduling and 4D Simulation & Lab 3: Hands-on 4D Simulation
Feb. 15 6 Quiz 2 & Teams to work on HW2 in class
Group Presentations: HW 2 (presenting groups 5-8)
Feb. 22 7 HW2
Lecture 6: Design Coordination & Lab 4: Hands-on Design Coordination
Mar. 1 8 No class - Mid-term break
Quiz 3 & Teams to work on HW3 in class Synthesis Report
Mar. 8 9
Outline
Group Presentations: HW 3 (presenting groups 9-12) HW3
Mar. 15 10 Lecture 7: Construction Progress Monitoring Technologies & Lab 5: Hands-on As-built Modeling and
Documentation
Mar. 22 11 Guest Lecture (Austin Commercial) & Lab 5: Hands-on As-built Modeling and Documentation

Guest Lecture (Autodesk) & Lecture 8: Last lecture

Mar. 29 12
Teams to work on HW4 in class
Quiz 4 HW4, Synthesis
Apr. 5 13
Group Presentations: HW 4 (presenting groups 13-15) Report

2
Outline
• BIM Challenges
• BIM Current Trends
• BIM Future Trends

3
Non-technical BIM Challenges
• General Challenges
- Project Delivery Method – IPD / DB / CM&R /DBB
- Costs - Software & Training & Hardware
- Legal issues -> Ownership & Responsibility
- Level of Development (LoD)
- Interoperability -> Different modeling tools adding complexity
- Organizational issues -> Reluctant to change
- Security -> information for malicious purposes

4
Technical BIM Advantages / Challenges
• BIM-based QTO Advantages
- Timely decision-making
- Accuracy – Element-based
- Collaboration – Information exchange
- Interpretability - Level of detail

Wahab, A., & Wang, J. (2022). Factors-driven comparison between BIM-based and traditional 2D quantity takeoff in
construction cost estimation. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 29(2), 702-715.

5
 Technical BIM Advantages / Challenges
• BIM-based QTO Challenges
- Inconsistent modeling
- Software Issues
- Double counting (AS1) Liu, H., Cheng, J. C., Gan, V. J., & Zhou, S. (2022). A novel Data-Driven framework based on BIM and
knowledge graph for automatic model auditing and Quantity Take-off. Advanced Engineering
Informatics, 54, 101757.

Khosakitchalert, C., Yabuki, N., & Fukuda, T. (2019). Improving the accuracy of BIM-based quantity takeoff
for compound elements. Automation in Construction, 106, 102891.

6
Technical BIM Advantages / Challenges
• 4D BIM Simulation Advantages
- Intuitive comprehension of the construction process
- Effective communication / coordination
Applications
- Spatial Planning – resource allocation
- Constructability Analysis – construction sequences
- Logistics Management – schedule conflicts / location of large equipment
- Safety Management – mitigate potential hazards / reduce accidents
- Crane Management – optimize installation and movement

7
Technical BIM Advantages / Challenges
• 4D BIM Simulation Challenges
- Level of detail in design model and schedule should match
- Keeping it updated for the design model and schedule
- Inclusion of Production / Procurement / Administrative and Support activities in the
design model
- Manual addition of the temporary structures (e.g., scaffolds, excavation areas,
storage areas, and cranes)

8
Technical BIM Advantages / Challenges
• BIM-based Design Coordination Advantages
- “low hanging fruit of BIM”
- Automatic and fast clash detection (compared to manual 2D drawings overlay)
- Identify design errors (Hard & Soft clashes)
- Minimizing rework & change orders
- Availability to separate the clashes and leave comments

9
Technical BIM Advantages / Challenges
• BIM-based Design Coordination Challenges
- Manual classification of False Positives & True Positives
- Manual detection of False Negatives
- Appropriate Level of Development (LoD) for different disciplines
- One way flow of information (Coordination meeting -> Model updates -> Coordination
# of detected clashes in AS3
meeting…) 300

250

200

150

100

50

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 TOTAL

HVAC-Elec (29) Piping-Elec (17) Piping-HVAC (274)

10
BIM Current Trends
• Increased mandate of BIM use around the world
• Increased demand for people with new skills
• BIM use has become mainstream among architects,
engineers, and contractors
• Increased opportunity for fabrication of complex
assemblies
• Linking the virtual BIM world to the physical
construction world
• Robotics & 3D Printing

11
BIM Current Trends
• Process trends
- Increased mandate of BIM use around the world
- Increased demand for people with new skills
- BIM use has become mainstream among architects, engineers, and contractors
- Increased opportunity for fabrication of complex assemblies
- Linking the virtual BIM world to the physical construction world
- Robotics & 3D Printing

12
BIM Future Trends
• Artificial Intelligence in Construction (e.g., digital twin, contract understanding, and
schedule optimization)
• Sustainable Construction (e.g., LEED compliance, energy, thermal, lighting, heat
flow simulations)
• Automated Code-Checking (e.g., construction permits, code requirements, and
planning restrictions)
• Off-site construction (e.g., fully coordinated & scope expansion)

13
Next class
• Last quiz
• HW 4 & Group presentations (12 – 15)

14
Q&A

15