Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
Division of Bohol
City of Tagbilaran

LESSON PLAN IN GENERAL MATHEMATICS

GRADE: 11 QUARTER: 1 WEEK: 4 DAY: 4

COMPETENCY Solves rational equations and inequalities. (M11GM-Ib-3)
& OBJECTIVE Solves rational inequalities.
:
S

CONTENT : Solving Rational Inequalities

LEARNING SLM Module 2
RESOURCE : GM LM pages 27-34
S GM TG pages 36-39
PROCEDURE A. Preparation
: Check the assignment.
B. Motivation
𝑥+1
Recall the rational equation = 10.
2𝑥
𝑥+1
Let us try to turn this equation to an inequality ≤ 10.
2𝑥
Identify values of x and determine if they are solutions or not.
C. Presentation
Present the learning objectives.
Inform the class that this lesson provides systematic techniques to solve rational
inequalities.
D.Discussion/Abstraction
To solve rational inequalities:

a. Rewrite the inequality as a single rational expression on one side of the inequality
symbol and 0 on the other side.
b. Determine over what intervals the rational expression takes on positive and
negative values.
i. Locate the x values for which the rational expression is zero or undefined.
ii. Mark the numbers found in (1) on a number line. Use a shaded circle to
indicate that the value is included in the solution set, and a hollow circle to
indicate that the value is excluded. These numbers partition the number line
into intervals.
iii. Select a test point within the interior of each interval in (𝑖𝑖). The sign of the
rational expression at this point is also the sign of the rational expression at
each interior point in the aforementioned interval.
iv. Summarized the intervals containing the solutions.
2𝑥
EXAMPLE 1: Solve the inequality ≥ 1.
𝑥+1
SOLUTION:
a. Rewrite as a single rational expression.
2𝑥
−1≥0
𝑥+1
2𝑥 − (𝑥 + 1)
≥0
𝑥+1
 𝑥−1
𝑥+1 ≥0

b. The rational expression will be zero for 𝑥 = 1 and undefined for 𝑥 = −1.
The value 𝑥 = 1 is included in the solution set while 𝑥 = −1 is not. Mark these
on the number line. Use a shaded circle for 𝑥 = 1(𝑎 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛) and an unshaded
circle for 𝑥 = −1 (𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛).

c. Choose convenient test points in the intervals determined by -1 and 1 to

𝑥−1
determine the sign of . Construct a table of signs as shown below.
𝑥+1
Interval 𝑥 < −1 −1 < 𝑥 < 1 𝑥>1

Test Point −2 0 2

𝑥−1 − − +

𝑥+1 − + +
𝑥−1
+ − +
𝑥+1
d. Since we are looking for the intervals where the rational expression
𝑥−1
is positive (because of the ≥ symbol), we determine that the intervals
𝑥+1
𝑥 < −1 and 𝑥 > 1 are part of the solution. Plotting on the number line, we get
the graph of the solution set below.

Thus, the solution of the given rational inequality is the set {𝑥 < −1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 1}. This
can also be written in interval notation as (−∞, −1) ∪ [1, ∞).
3 1
EXAMPLE 3: Solve for x: < .
𝑥−2 𝑥
SOLUTION:
a. Rewrite as a single rational expression with 0 on the other side.
3 1
− <0
𝑥−2 𝑥
3𝑥 − (𝑥 − 2)
<0
𝑥(𝑥 − 2)
2𝑥 + 2
<0
𝑥(𝑥 − 2)
2(𝑥 + 1)
<0
𝑥(𝑥 − 2)

b. The rational expression will be zero for 𝑥 = −1 and undefined for 𝑥 = 0 and
𝑥 = 2. Mark these on the number line and use unshaded circles for all values
𝑥 = −1, 0, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2 because they are not solutions.

c. Choose convenient test point on each interval then construct the table of
signs.
 Interval 𝑥 < −1 −1 < 𝑥 < 0 0<𝑥<2 𝑥>2
Test Point −2 1 1 3
−
2
2(𝑥 + 1) − + + +

𝑥 − − + +

𝑥−2 − − − +
2(𝑥 + 1) − + − +
𝑥(𝑥 − 2)
d. Since we are looking for the intervals where the rational expression is
negative (because of the < symbol), we determine that the intervals 𝑥 < −1
and 0< 𝑥 < 2 are part of the solution. Plotting on the number line, we get the
graph of the solution set below.

Thus, the solution of the given rational inequality is the set {𝑥 < −1 𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥 < 2}.

E. Exercises
Solve for x. Write the solution set both in set notation and interval notation.
3 1
𝑥−2 < 𝑥.

F. Generalization
1. Differentiate the number of solutions of a rational equation as compared to a
rational inequality.
2. What is the first step in solving a rational inequality?
3. How will you determine the critical or meaningful values (values that can make
the rational function equal to zero or undefined)?
4. What will you do to determine whether the intervals partitioned by the critical or
meaningful values are solutions or not?
G. Application
Solve for x. Write the solution set both in set notation and interval notation.
𝑥−1
𝑥+3 ≥0
H. Evaluation
Solve for x. Write the solution set both in set notation and interval notation.
1 1
𝑥 < 𝑥−3

I. Agreement/Assignment
Study the lessons for the week.
Prepare for a check up test.

Submitted by: Submitted to:

ANGELICA N. CAMARAO MA. ALDA S. HORMIGUERA

Subject Teacher SIC/TIC