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LINK: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hnhialttk2k
Materials:
cyclohexane
cyclohexene
potassium permanganate (KMnO4)
toluene
evaporating dish
match
bond paper
dropper
matchstick
PROCEDURE:
RESULTS
In doing the first method of the experiment which is the combustion test, we observed that
cyclohexane produced blue flame and soot, which was determined by exposing a bond paper above the
flame produced by igniting a cyclohexane with a matchstick. But we also observed that cyclohexene
produced a bigger flame with more blue color intensity than cyclohexane, which produced more soot. In
doing the oxidation test with potassium permanganate, we observed that the color of KMnO 4 remained
when mixed with cyclohexane. While in the case of cyclohexene, the deep purple color of KMnO 4
decolorized and brown precipitate is formed. But in toluene, the deep purple color of KMnO 4 only
decolorized and no precipitate is produced. In conclusion, cyclohexane is less reactive and relatively than
cyclohexenes which are comparatively reactive and relatively unstable due to its double bond.
EXPERIMENT #6 CHEMY102 Experiment 8B Alkane/Alkene
LINK: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pV9sJaxiP_Q&t=169s
MATERIALS:
test tubes
cyclohexane
cyclohexene
yellow bromine water
potassium permanganate
dropper
PROCEDURE:
1. Label four test tubes, two for cyclohexane and two for cyclohexene.
2. Add 1 ml of cyclohexane to one of the test tubes.
3. Add 1 ml of cyclohexene to one of the test tubes.
4. Add a small amount of yellow bromine water to test tubes containing cyclohexane and
cyclohexene.
5. Shake and let it settle. Observe.
B. Using KMnO4
RESULTS
When the cyclohexane was mixed with yellow bromine water, we observed that the reaction was slightly
slow and no changes in color or decolorization observed as the color of the bromine water remained the
same. While cyclohexene reacted quickly after the shaking of test tube and the bromine water
decolorized, resulting to transparent color of mixture. The reactions of two hydrocarbons to KMnO 4 are
also the same. The color of KMnO 4 remained the same when the shaking of test tube with KMnO 4
occurred, and there were also two layers of liquid as the compounds did not mix. While cyclohexene
decolorized the potassium permanganate from purple to brown.
EXPERIMENT #17 Cracking a hydrocarbon
LINK: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYyKUePdC2Y
MATERIALS:
Bunsen burner
delivery tube
bung
boiling tube
mineral wool
pumice stones
liquid paraffin
clamp
water
test tubes and bungs
test-tube rack
pipette
bromine water
potassium permanganate
lighter
PROCEDURE:
RESULTS:
Cracking hydrocarbon is a process that converts long chain alkanes into smaller alkane and alkene
molecule. In this experiment, we used the liquid paraffin to serve as the alkane to be broken down into
smaller chains by heating and using catalyst which is the pumice stones. By testing the gas collected, we
have observed the presence of carbon-carbon double bond or simply, alkenes. The test tube 3 smelt of
camping gas, which is a mixture of butane and propane. When we ignited the gas collected from test tube
4, we have observed that the gas is flammable. When we added a few drops of bromine water into the
gas collected in test tube 5, we saw that the bromine water went colorless. The decolorization of bromine
is a simple and effective chemical test for an alkene, therefore the gas in the test tube is truly an alkene.
And lastly, we have observed that the potassium permanganate also went colorless when we mixed it
with the gas in the test tube 6. Just like the situation occurred in test tube 5, we can conclude that there is
presence of alkene in the gas.
Post Lab #6
Aromatic compounds are stable and not very reactive because of their aromaticity which is the property
of organic compounds that have at least one conjugated ring of alternate single and double bonds,
exhibiting extreme stability. Aromatic compounds also have aromatic rings that must contain only sp2-
hybridized atoms that can form a delocalized system of π molecular orbitals. Their delocalization of pi-
electrons makes them stable and less vulnerable to reaction.