Heat and its Effects

Heat Transfer Mechanisms:

Convection

Part 4 (b)
 Heat Transfer through Convection
This movement 2. The warm fluid expands and becomes
of fluid is called less dense than the cooler fluid and
a convection rises due to the buoyancy force.
current and
occurs in both
liquids and 3. Cooler,
gases (fluids) denser fluid
moves down
to take the
Convection place of the
currents carry warm water.
& redistribute
heat energy
throughout a 1. Fluid above the heat
source gets warmer
fluid.
 Land & Sea Breezes

Water has a high specific heat and takes a longer time to both
warm up during the day and to cool down at night compared to
the land.
This leads to cool sea breezes during the day and land breezes
at night.
It is also why coastal regions experience moderate climates.
 Global Wind Patterns

Uneven heating of
the Earth’s surface
by the Sun and the
rotation of the Earth
lead to the formation
of convection cells in
the atmosphere and
global winds.
 Convection in Frozen Lakes

High‐Frequency Observations of Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen

Reveal Under‐Ice Convection in a Large Lake

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017GL075373