Cairo University Prof. Dr.

Hamed Hadhoud

Course STR N201

CEM, STE and WEE

Design of Reinforced Concrete

: Introdution

Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

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Cairo University Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

What is Reinforced Concrete?

Reinforced Concrete

Plain Concrete Reinforcing bars

High compressive strength High compressive strength

Low tensile strength High tensile strength
Example Example
Compressive strength= 30 N/mm2 Compressive strength= 360 N/mm2 &
Reinforcing bars3 N/mm2
& tensile strength= tensile strength= 360 N/mm2

Reinforcing
bar

crack crack

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Cairo University Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

What is Reinforced Concrete?

Reinforcing bars Compression side

Tension side

Reinforcing bars are used in reinforced concrete members at locations of tensile stresses where
concrete can not resist those stresses

They are also used as compression reinforcement in compressed zones of concrete for
achievement of ductility

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Cairo University Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Concrete in Compression

A B C

s C (Peak)
Compression Softening

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Cairo University Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Concrete in Compression

• Higher strength concrete has lower s

ductility (deformability) than lower strength fcu
concrete

• Peak strain is around 0.002 to 0.0025

Ec
• Concrete characteristic strength (fcu) is the
compressive strength of a standard cube
(150 x150 x150) at 28 days, below which
number of tests do not exceed 5%

• fcu ranges from 25 N/mm2 to 40 N/mm2 for

conventional structures. Higher strengths
may be used for special structures such
as bridges and high-rise buildings

• Modulus of elasticity increases with the

increase of fcu

𝐸 = 4400 𝑓𝑐𝑢 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

e
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Cairo University Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Tensile strength of Concrete

• Tensile strength of concrete is important and affects the extent and size of
cracks and the value of deflection.

• Tensile strength in flexure (modulus of rupture, fctr) ;

f ctr = 0.6 f cu N / mm 2

• Tensile strength in direct tension, 𝑓𝑡 ;

𝑓𝑡 = 0.8𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑟

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Cairo University Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Reinforcing Bars
s Tension

fu

fy

Es =2x105 N/mm2

Es

- fy

-fu
Compression
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Cairo University Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Reinforcing Bars

Plain (mild steel) Deformed (High grade steel)

f o

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Cairo University Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Plain (mild steel) f

B 240 C - P

Steel fy Ductility degree Not weldable Plain

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Cairo University Prof. Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Deformed (High grade steel)o

B 400 D W R

Steel fy Ductility degree Weldable Ribbed

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