REVIEWER FOR EARTH SCIENCE

EARTH SCIENCE - earth science or geoscience include all field of natural science related to the planet earth.

BRANCHES OF EARTH SCIENCE

GEOLOGY- study of earth solid material

GEOGRAPHY -study of land location of continents

VOLCANOLOGY -study of volcanoes

EARTHQUAKE-study of the movement of the earth crust

MINERALOGY-study of physical and chemical properties of mineral

PETROLOGY-scientific study of rock that deals with their composition, texture, structure and distribution

METEOROLOGY-study of the atmospheric phenomena and atmospheric effects such as weather and climatic
change

• BARYONIC MATTER

• DARK MATTER

• DARK ENERGY

• PROTOSTAR

• THERMONUCLEAR MATTER

• LIGHT RAYS

BILLIONS OF GALAXY
MILKY WAY GALAXY

EVIDENCE OF THE BIGBANG THEORY

REDSHIFT, COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND RADIATION (CMIBR)

ROTATION caused of day and night rotates on her own axis

REVOLUTION -revolving around the sun

TERRISTRICAL PLANET-smaller and closer to the sun

• MERCURY

• VENUS

• EARTH

• MARS

JOAVIAN PLANET

• JUPITER

• SATURN

• URANUS

• NEPTUNE

ROCK
rock is a combination of a unique set of minerals with properties, them from others. What are these distinct
properties that make each mineral unique?

that differentiate

MINERALS
It is a naturally occurring,inorganic, homogeneous solid, with a and an 1 ordered crystalline structure.

definite chemical composition,

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MINERALS

Color refers to certain wavelengths of light that are reflected by a mineral and is perceived by the observer.

Streak is the color of the powdered form of a mineral.

Luster is the appearance of a mineral's surface and is dependent on how it reflects light.

Crystal habit is the characteristic shape in which a mineral grows and is a projection of the mineral's crystal
structure.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MINERALS

Solubility refers the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent at a specified temperature.

Melting point refers to the temperature at which solid turns into

Liquid.

IGNEOUS ROCKS
Igneous rocks are formed from solidification of magma on lava

FORMATION OF IGNEOUS ROCK

Big crystal are formed deep underground while smaller crystals are formed near the surface

TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS An extrusive rocks form when magma or volcanic fragments

INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS An extrusive igneous rocks forms when magma crystallizes

NAMING OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

Igneous rocks can be named using the binary system which is mainly based on its texture and

composition of the rock

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Sedimentary rocks were formed from organic mechanical or chemical sedimentary

FORMATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK

• Compaction

• Cementation

• Recrystallization

• Chemical change (oxidation/reduction

TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

• Non dastic sedimentary rock

• Clastic sedimentary rock

METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have been altered change or transform in the solid dictate due to change in
pressure temperature condition and chemical action of the fluids