CHAPTER 6 : ACID, BASE AND SALT

Acid Chemical substances ionise in water to produce hydrogen ions, H+.

Basicity of acids Basicity of acids refers to the number of hydrogen ions, H+ that can be
produced by an acid molecule that ionises in water.
Monoprotic acid Monoprotic acid because it can produce one hydrogen ion, H+ per acid
molecule.
Diprotic acid Diprotic acid because it can produce two hydrogen ion, H+ per acid molecule.
Triprotic acid Triprotic acid because it can produce three hydrogen ion, H+ per acid
molecule.
Base Base is a substance that reacts with acids to produce salt and water only.
Alkali Chemical substances that ionise in water to produce hydroxide ions, OH–.
pH pH is a logarithmic measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in an
aqueous solution.
pH scale pH scale which ranges from 0 to 14 is used to show the acidity and alkalinity
of an aqueous solution.
Strong acid A strong acid is an acid that ionises completely in water to produce a high
concentration of hydrogen ions, H+.
Weak acid A weak acid is an acid that ionises partially in water to produce low
concentration of hydrogen ions, H+.
Strong alkali A strong alkali is an alkali that ionises completely in water to produce a high
concentration of hydroxide ions, OH–.
Weak alkali A weak alkali is an alkali that ionises partially in water to produce a low
concentration of hydroxide ions, OH–.
Concentration Concentration of a solution is a measurement that shows the quantity of
solute dissolved in a unit volume of solution, normally in 1 dm3 solution.
Concentration in unit g dm–3, is the mass of solute found in 1 dm3 solution.

CHAPTER 6 : ACID, BASE AND SALT

Acid Chemical substances ionise in water to produce hydrogen ions, H+.
Basicity of acids Basicity of acids refers to the number of hydrogen ions, H+ that can be
produced by an acid molecule that ionises in water.
Monoprotic acid Monoprotic acid because it can produce one hydrogen ion, H+ per acid
molecule.
Diprotic acid Diprotic acid because it can produce two hydrogen ion, H+ per acid molecule.
Triprotic acid Triprotic acid because it can produce three hydrogen ion, H+ per acid
molecule.
Base Base is a substance that reacts with acids to produce salt and water only.
Alkali Chemical substances that ionise in water to produce hydroxide ions, OH–.
pH pH is a logarithmic measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in an
aqueous solution.
pH scale pH scale which ranges from 0 to 14 is used to show the acidity and alkalinity
of an aqueous solution.

ALWAYS LIKE A PROTON & STAY POSITIVE

4S1 2023/2024
Strong acid A strong acid is an acid that ionises completely in water to produce a high
concentration of hydrogen ions, H+.
Weak acid A weak acid is an acid that ionises partially in water to produce low
concentration of hydrogen ions, H+.
Strong alkali A strong alkali is an alkali that ionises completely in water to produce a high
concentration of hydroxide ions, OH–.
Weak alkali A weak alkali is an alkali that ionises partially in water to produce a low
concentration of hydroxide ions, OH–.
Concentration Concentration of a solution is a measurement that shows the quantity of
solute dissolved in a unit volume of solution, normally in 1 dm3 solution.
Concentration in unit g dm–3, is the mass of solute found in 1 dm3 solution.

ALWAYS LIKE A PROTON & STAY POSITIVE

4S1 2023/2024