PHYSICS LAB REPORT

Prepared for : Mrs. Rubena Yusof

Prepared by : Danny Basir (BS12110110)
Lynliana anak Unjan (BS12110330)
Noorfaizmira bt. Saleh (BS12110420)
Nashrul Haq b. Tagiling (BS12160788)
Date : 07th May 2013
Report #5 : Power Dissipation
OBJECTIVES

1. To evaluate and calculate the power dissipation in a DC circuit.

2. To determine the power ratings in household electrical appliances.

APPARATUS

1. Power supply (12 V)

2. Multimeter
3. Eight resistors (220 , 470 , 1 k (2 sets), 1.5 k , 2.2 k , 10 k , 4.7 k )
4. Lamp (6 V, 3 W)
5. Connecting wires

THEORY

Voltage and current values may be used to determine the power consumed (or
provided) by an electrical circuit. Electric power consumption is a very
important factor in every electrical application, ranging from portable computers
to megawatt industrial complexes. Thus, an understanding of power and how it
is measured is vital to all engineers and physics students who took electrics and
electronics as their minor.

Power, as we all know is the time rate of doing work. Electric power is the rate at
which work is done equals to the product of voltage and current.

Power = Volts × Amps, or

P=V×I

Power (1 Watt) = ⁄ X ⁄ = ⁄

Power dissipation in resistors can be defined as the heat produced from the
friction between the moving free electrons and the atoms constructing their path
when current flows in a resistance. The proof that power is producing current is
from the heat itself. The amount of power dissipated in a resistance may be
calculated in one of these three formulas:

P= R

P=

P = VI
Preliminary Analysis

Show your working method in details for each calculation. Please re-draw this
circuit (Refer Figure 1) to answer the following questions.

1. Trace the current paths for the circuit by using different pen colour.

2. Label the polarity for the voltage drop across each of electronic
component in the circuit.

3. Define power dissipation and support your answer with any relevant
equation or formula.

4. Calculate the total resistance in this circuit when the lamp not connected
to the circuit.

5. When the lamp is connected to the output , calculate the values of;

a) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and
b) , , , , , , and
c) , , , and
d) Power dissipation of , and
e) Expect the brightness of the lamp compared to when its connected
to the output

6. How much does a 100-W lamp consume in 12 hours?

Work Procedure

According to circuit diagram in Figure 1;

1. Measure the resistance for each component until and the lamp 6 V,
3 W by using multimeter.

2. Assemble an electronic circuit connection as shown in the diagram

(WITHOUT THE LAMP).

Caution: Always set the power supply output to O V before

connecting the electronic circuit. Always connect
Ammeter/Voltmeter/Digital Multimeter terminal with a correct
connection.

3. Turn the power supply ON. Set = 12 .

4. Measure the voltage drop across resistors in the circuit; , , , , ,

, and .

5. Measure the output voltage for the circuit; , , , and .

6. Measure the current flow in the circuit; , , , , , , , , , , ,

, , , and

Make sure to turn OFF the power supply when to change the
Ammeter connection and NEVER connect the Ammeter as parallel to
the component.

7. Measure the output current flow for the circuit; , , , and .

8. Turn the supply OFF.

9. Connects a lamp 6 V 3 W to the output point, . Repeat step 3 to 8.

Observe the lamp brightness*

10. Remove the lamp and then connect it to the output point, . Repeat step
3 to 8. Observe the lamp brightness*

11. Tabulate the measurements values.

12. Discuss the finding and then answer the following questions. Relate it to
the theory and preliminary analysis.
Questions

Answer the following questions and include in your laboratory report.

1. Find the power rating of the following electrical appliances in your

household:

a) Light bulb
b) TV set
c) Personal computer
d) Microwave oven
e) Radio set

2. A 1.5 kW electric heater is connected to a 120 V source.

a) How much current does the heater draw?

b) If the heater is on for 45 minutes, how much energy is consumed
in kWh?
c) Calculate the cost of operating the heater for 45 minutes if energy
cost 10 cents/kWh.

3. How much energy is required to operate the lamp 6 V 3 W for 1 hour?

4. How much power output is consumed if the lamp 6 V 3 W is 30%

efficient?

5. Based on your result, calculate the power dissipation values for resistor
, and when the lamp is connected to the output and also for
.
ANSWERS

Part: Questions

Question 1

a) Light bulb = Incandescent 100 W

b) TV Set = 25’ inch color 150 W
c) Personal Computer = 65 W – 250 W
d) Microwave oven = 600 W – 1500 W
e) Radio set = 1 W – 5 W

Question 2

a) P = 1.5 X W; V = 120 V

P = VI
I= = = 12.5 A

b) (1.5 X ) X (0.75) = 1125 Wh / 1.125 kWh

c) 1.125 kWh X 0.10 = 0.1125 cents

Question 3

Power = 3 W X 1 hour = 3 Wh

Question 4

⁄ X 100 = Efficiency

⁄ X 100 = 30%

Power Output = X3W=9x

Question 5