Definisi:

Contrastive Conjunction is a conjunction that connects two English sentences that are contra. This
means that the relationship between the first sentence and the second is different or opposite.

Contrastive Conjunction adalah konjungsi yang menghubungkan dua kalimat Bahasa Inggris yang
bersifat kontra. Artinya hubungan antar kalimat pertama dengan kedua sifatnya berbeda atau
berlawanan.

1. The conjunction THOUGH means although, although, but, however, depending on the sentence. The
conjunction Though can be placed at the beginning, middle or end of an English sentence.

Arti : Konjungsi THOUGH berarti meskipun, walaupun, tetapi, namun, tergantung kalimatnya. Kata
penghubung Though dapat ditempatkan di awal, tengah ataupun di akhir kalimat Bahasa Inggris.

Contoh :

1. Though he said he was telling the truth, I didn’t believe him.

2. She went to school though she felt unwell.

2. Although & Even Though

Although and even though have the same meaning as though, namely even though or although.

Both are more formal in nature than though.

Formula 1:

Although / Even though + Clause 1 (Subject + Verb) + Clause 2 (Subject + Verb)

Formula 2 :

Clause 1 (Subject + Verb) + although / even though + Clause 2 (Subject + Verb)

Example :

1. Although we do not have much, we still want to donate something.

2. We still want to donate something, even though we don't have much.

3. Even If

Even If is defined as "whether or not". Even If is still in the form of imagination or something that hasn't
actually happened yet. It can be said that Even If is a form of supposition. It refers to an imaginary or
unreal situation.
Rumus :

Even if + clause, main clause

Main clause + even if + clause

Contoh :

1. I wouldn't go out alone even if it wasn't too dark.

2. Even if Alexandra runs as fast as he can, he will still be late.

contrastive conjunctions unless

4. Unless

contrastive conjunctions unless except, which function to say unless not, unless, and if not by stating the
conditions.

Rumus umum dari conditional type 1(masa sekarang):

Unless + Present Tense

Example:

1. I will not trust her unless she tells me everything about this case. She has lied to me since childhood.

Rumus umum dari conditional type 2 (masa lampau) :

Unless + Past Tense.

Example:

1. I would not drink the medicine unless I was so sick. I prefered to sleep the whole day.

5. YET & BUT

DEFINISI:

The words yet and but are used in everyday conversation. Contrastive Conjunctions Yet and But mean
however, however, nevertheless, even so.

ARTI:

Kata yet dan but digunakan dalam percakapan sehari-hari. Contrastive Conjunction Yet dan But berarti
namun, tetapi, akan tetapi, meskipun begitu.
RUMUS

Clause 1 (Subject + Verb) + yet / but + Clause 2 (Subject + Verb)

CONTOH (EXAMPLE)

- I like milk, but my sister prefers coffee.

- It rained a lot yesterday, yet we enjoyed our holiday.

6. DESPITE & IN SPITE OF

DEFINISI

Despite & In Spite Of are examples of Contrastive Prepositions which are followed by nouns, pronouns
and Verb-ing verbs. Remember to use IN and OF only in SPITE words.

ARTI

Despite & In Spite Of adalah contoh Contrastive Preposition yang diikuti oleh kata benda, kata ganti dan
kata kerja Verb-ing. Tetap ingat penggunaan IN dan OF hanya pada kata SPITE saja

RUMUS

Clause (Subject + Verb) + despite + Noun / Noun Phrase

Despite + Noun / Noun Phrase + Clause (Subject + Verb)

Clause (Subject + Verb) + in spite of + Noun / Noun Phrase

In spite of + Noun / Noun Phrase + Clause (Subject + Verb)

CONTOH (EXAMPLE)

• Despite everything she said to me, I can't stop thinking of her.

• Diana is still doing her homework in spite of being very tired.

7. WHEREAS

The conjunction While also emphasizes the difference or two opposite sentences

Whereas can be placed at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence.

Example:

1. I’m a dog lover.

My husband is allergic to dogs.

Whereas I’m a dog lover, my husband is allergic to dogs.

(Meskipun aku pecinta anjing, suamiku alergi terhadap anjing.)

2. I am a vegetarian.

My whole family eats meat.

My whole family eats meat, whereas I am a vegetarian.

(Semua keluargaku memakan daging sedangkan aku seorang vegetarian.)

8. NEVERTHELESS

DEFINISI

Conjunction Nevertheless has the meaning however, even though, although, even though or however.
Nevertheless can also be used together with the conjunction But. The conjunction in English
Nevertheless is more often used at the beginning of a sentence. In addition, the word can also be placed
in the middle or at the end.

ARTI

Conjunction Nevertheless mempunyai arti namun, biarpun, meskipun, walaupun atau bagaimanapun.
Nevertheless dapat juga digunakan bersamaan dengan kata penghubung But. Kata penghubung Bahasa
Inggris Nevertheless lebih sering digunakan pada awal kalimat. Selain itu, kata tersebut dapat juga
diletakkan di tengah serta di akhir
RUMUS

Sentence 1 (Subject + Verb). Nevertheless + Sentence 2 (Subject + Verb).

CONTOH (EXAMPLE)

• Stinky was an old group music. Nevertheless, I like listening to their songs.

• The economy was poor this year, but nevertheless our sales increased.

9. NOTWITHSTANDING

Notwithstanding means “despite. this word is generally used as a preposition.

Example:

1. It is raining.

I have to pick up my little sister from school.

I have to pick up my little sister from school notwithstanding the rain. (Aku harus menjemput adik
perempuanku dari sekolah, meskipun hujan.)

2. The weather was bad.

We went to the beach yesterday.

Notwithstanding the bad weather, we went to the beach yesterday. (Walaupun cuaca buruk, kami pergi
ke pantai kemarin.)