Welcome to

Earth and Life Science

Princess N. Deramas
Special Science Teacher I
Classroom Rules
Checking of
Attendance
After going through this lesson, you are
able to:
1. Describe the changes in mineral
components and texture of rocks due to
changes in pressure and temperature
(metamorphism);
2. Identify rock samples based on the
effects of changes on temperature and
pressure; and
3. Analyze through a diagram on how
temperature and pressure affect the
mineral components and texture of rocks.
 Pre-Test
Choose the letter of the best answer.

Write the chosen letter on a separate

sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following statements best describe

metamorphosis?

A. change in rock formation

B. process of rock formation

C. process which involves changes

D. change that takes place within body of rock once

expose to different
2. Which of the following metamorphism is

affected by heat and reactive fluid?

A. contact only

B. regional only

C. both contact and regional

D. neither contact nor regional

3. Which of the following is an example of

rock produced by a contact metamorphism?

A. gneiss

B. hornfels

C. marble

D. slate
4. Which of the following led to the formation

of deformed rocks with foliation?

A. volume of air entering the rocks

B. temperature and rising of magma

C. temperature and volume of minerals

D. pressure and recrystallization of minerals

5. What is the effect of heat and pressure in

rocks as there is an increase in depth?

A. foliation surfaces shine

B. low-grade metamorphism

C. grain size becomes coarse

D. increase in mineral alignment

6. Which of the following is the main factor in

the process of regional metamorphism?

A. air

B. pressure

C. temperature

D. water
7. Which of the following rock samples is less

influenced by the heat?

A. gneiss

B. phyllite

C. schist

D. slate
8. How do you describe the grain size texture

of hornfels?

A. fine texture

B. coarse texture

C. coarse to fine texture

D. medium coarse texture

9. Which of the following is not a non-foliated

metamorphic rock?

A. hornfels

B. marble

C. phyllite

D. metaconglomerate
10. What happened to the temperature and

pressure if the rocks are buried down deep?

A. It increases

B. It decreases

C. It remains constant

D. It is intermittently degrading
Answer to
Pre-Test
1. Which of the following statements best describe

metamorphosis?

A. change in rock formation

B. process of rock formation

C. process which involves changes

D. change that takes place within body of rock once

expose to different
2. Which of the following metamorphism is

affected by heat and reactive fluid?

A. contact only

B. regional only

C. both contact and regional

D. neither contact nor regional

3. Which of the following is an example of

rock produced by a contact metamorphism?

A. gneiss

B. hornfels

C. marble

D. slate
4. Which of the following led to the formation

of deformed rocks with foliation?

A. volume of air entering the rocks

B. temperature and rising of magma

C. temperature and volume of minerals

D. pressure and recrystallization of minerals

5. What is the effect of heat and pressure in

rocks as there is an increase in depth?

A. foliation surfaces shine

B. low-grade metamorphism

C. grain size becomes coarse

D. increase in mineral alignment

6. Which of the following is the main factor in

the process of regional metamorphism?

A. air

B. pressure

C. temperature

D. water
7. Which of the following rock samples is less

influenced by the heat?

A. gneiss

B. phyllite

C. schist

D. slate
8. How do you describe the grain size texture

of hornfels?

A. fine texture

B. coarse texture

C. coarse to fine texture

D. medium coarse texture

9. Which of the following is not a non-foliated

metamorphic rock?

A. hornfels

B. marble

C. phyllite

D. metaconglomerate
10. What happened to the temperature and

pressure if the rocks are buried down deep?

A. It increases

B. It decreases

C. It remains constant

D. It is intermittently degrading
Metamorphism
After going through this lesson, you
are able to:
1. Compare the formation of different
types of igneous rocks;
2. Distinguish intrusive from extrusive
igneous rocks;
3. Differentiate igneous rocks based on
silica content; and
4. Describe the different textures of
igneous rocks.
 Pre-Test
Choose the letter of the best answer.

Write the chosen letter on a separate

sheet of paper.
1. What classification of rocks is formed from

solidification and crystallization of molten rocks?

A. igneous rocks

B. metamorphic rocks

C. sedimentary rocks

D. all of the above

2. What Latin word was the term “igneous”

derived from?

A. ignus

B. lithos

C. meta

D. sedere
3. Which of the following is/are the

process/es to igneous rocks?

A. recrystallization

B. sedimentation

C. solidification and crystallization

D. solidification and recrystallization

4. Which type of igneous rocks based on

composition has the highest amount of silica

content?

A. felsic

B. intermediate

C. mafic

D. ultramafic
5. What happens to the molten rocks when

they reach the Earth’s surface?

A. They flow continuously.

B. They cool down and solidify.

C. Their temperature remains the same.

D. They remain semi-liquid molten rocks.

6. Which of the following is NOT an extrusive

igneous rock?

A. basalt

B. granite

C. obsidian

D. rhyolite
7. Which type of igneous rock forms from lava

on Earth's surface?

A. clastic

B. extrusive

C. intrusive

D. non-clastic
8. Which type of igneous rock forms when

magma hardens beneath Earth's surface?

A. clastic

B. extrusive

C. intrusive

D. non-clastic
9. What is the size of the crystals if the rock

cools slowly and forms below the Earth’s surface?

A. large

B. no crystal

C. small

D. none of the above

10. Which of the following is NOT an intrusive

igneous rock?

A. diorite

B. gabbro

C. granite

D. obsidian
Answer to
Pre-Test
1. What classification of rocks is formed from

solidification and crystallization of molten rocks?

A. igneous rocks

B. metamorphic rocks

C. sedimentary rocks

D. all of the above

2. What Latin word was the term “igneous”

derived from?

A. ignus

B. lithos

C. meta

D. sedere
3. Which of the following is/are the

process/es to igneous rocks?

A. recrystallization

B. sedimentation

C. solidification and crystallization

D. solidification and recrystallization

4. Which type of igneous rocks based on

composition has the highest amount of silica

content?

A. felsic

B. intermediate

C. mafic

D. ultramafic
5. What happens to the molten rocks when

they reach the Earth’s surface?

A. They flow continuously.

B. They cool down and solidify.

C. Their temperature remains the same.

D. They remain semi-liquid molten rocks.

6. Which of the following is NOT an extrusive

igneous rock?

A. basalt

B. granite

C. obsidian

D. rhyolite
7. Which type of igneous rock forms from lava

on Earth's surface?

A. clastic

B. extrusive

C. intrusive

D. non-clastic
8. Which type of igneous rock forms when

magma hardens beneath Earth's surface?

A. clastic

B. extrusive

C. intrusive

D. non-clastic
9. What is the size of the crystals if the rock

cools slowly and forms below the Earth’s surface?

A. large

B. no crystal

C. small

D. none of the above

10. Which of the following is NOT an intrusive

igneous rock?

A. diorite

B. gabbro

C. granite

D. obsidian
 Igneous Rocks:
How they are formed?
 Igneous rocks are formed through the process of

solidification and crystallization of molten rocks; magma

and lava. When hot, molten rocks reach the surface of

the earth, they undergo changes in temperature and

pressure, causing them to cool, solidify and crystallize.

Moreover, there are also solidification and crystallization

magma beneath the earth.

Table 1. Differences Between Intrusive and Extrusive Rocks
Classifications of igneous rocks based on

silica content:
Classifications of igneous rocks based on

silica content:
Classifications of igneous rocks based on

silica content:
Classifications of igneous rocks based on

silica content:
Differences of Igneous Rocks based on Composition
Differences of Igneous Rocks based on Composition in
Relation to Silica Content and Temperature
 Thank you!
Princess N. Deramas
Special Science Teacher I