CHAPTER 4

LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

SYNOPSIS
• An equation in the form of 'ax + by + c = 0' is called a linear equation in two variables
'x' and 'y' where a, b and c are real numbers and a and b are not both zeros. Here a
and b are called the coefficients of x and y respectively and c is called the constant
term.

The equation is called linear as the equation is of the first degree.

Any linear equation in two variables has infinitely many solutions.

A. MCQ Level
 1 If x = a is a solution of the equation 10- 3x= 2x-15 then the value C
of a is

a. 15/2 b. 10/3 c. 5 d. -5
2 The equation x/x-4 = 4/x-4, x≠4 has U

a. one solution b. no solution c. two solutions d.

infinite number of solutions.
The value of k such that x=-2 is a solution of the equation 2x - 1 = HOT
x + k is

3. a. 3 b. -3 c. 1 d. -1
4. If (-3,0) is a solution of linear equation 4x-y+k=0 then value of k HOT
is

a. 12 b. 0 c. 4 d . -2
5 A linear equation in two variables is of the form ax +by +c = 0, C
where

a. a ≠ 0 , b ≠ 0 b. a = 0 ,b ≠ 0 c. a = 0, b = 0 d. a ≠ 0 , b =
0
6 Any solution of linear equation 2x+ 0y=9 in two variables is of the C
form

a. ( 9/2 , m ) m being a real number. b. ( n ,-9/2 ) n being a

real number c. ( 0 , - 9/2 ) d. ( 9/2 , 0 )
7 The equation of y axis is U

a. x =- y b. x = y c. x = 0 d. y=0
8 The graph of linear equation y=x passes through the point U

a. (3/2,-3/2) b. (0, 3/2) c. (-2,--2) d. (-3/2, 3/2)

9 The point of the form (a,-a) always lies on the line U

a. x + y = 0 b. x – y = 0 c. x = -a d. y = a
Graph of linear equation 2x + 4 = 3x + 1 will meet y axis at the U
10 point

a. (3,0) b. (0,3) c. (0,-1) d. does not meet

11 The equation in the form y = mx + c will always HOT

a. intersect x-axis b. intersect y axis c. passes through the

origin d. intersect both the axis
12 The graph of y=m is a straight line parallel to Level

a. x-axis b. y-axis c. both the axis

13 Which of the following is not true about the equation 2x+1=x-3 C

a. the graph of the line is parallel to y axis

b. x=-4 is the solution of the equation

c. point (-4,0) lie on the line

d. the graph is at the right side of the y axis.

14 The graph of y=6 is a line U

a. parallel to x axis at a distance 6units from the origin

b. parallel to y axis at a distance 6units from the origin

c. making an intercept 6 on the x axis

d .making an intercept 6 on both the axis

15 How many linear equations in x and y can be satisfied by x=3and U
y=-4

a. only one b. two c. infinitely many d. three.

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. A linear equations in two variables can have…………… solutions HOT

2. The graph of every linear equations in two variables HOT

is…………….

3. MD
The graph of x = a is a line parallel to …………..
4. The graph of y = a is a line parallel to ………….. HOT

5. An equation of the type y = mx is a line passes through ………….. U

6. Equation of x axis is ………………. HOT

7. Equation of y axis is ……………… HOT

 8. The line 2x + 3y = 6 cuts x axis at…………..and y axis U
at……………….

TRUE OR FALSE

1.The graph of the equation y = 3x + 5 passes through the origin

2.The equation 3x – 5y = 8 has a unique solution

3.The line parallel to x axis at a distance 3 units above x axis is

given by y = 3

4.The point (2,1) lies on the graph of 2x + y = 5

5.The graph of the line y = -2 is parallel to x axis at a distance of 2

units below the origin

6.(3,0) is a solution of the equation 2x – 3y = 6

7.The graph of the equation 2x + 5y = 10 meets y axis at (0,2)

A. Very Short Answer Questions (VSA)

1 Express the equation y – 5 = 0 , in the form ax +by +c = 0 and indicate the values C
of a,b and c

2 The cost of a note book is twice the cost of a pen. Write a linear equation in two C
variables to represent this statement.
3 Find the value of k if x = 1, y = 1 is a solution of the equation 2x +3y = k U

4 Check whether (3,0) is a solution of the equation 2x – y = 6 U

B. Short Answer Questions (SA) ( 2 marks )

1 Write two solutions of the equation x = 6y. C

2 If x = 2a+1 and y = a-1 is a solution of the equation 2x – 3y + 5 = 0, find the U

value of a.
3 If the point (3,4) lies on the graph of the equation 3y = ax + 7, find the value of a. U

4 Determine the point on the graph of the equation 2x +5y = 20 whose x cordinate HOT
is 5/2 times its ordinate.

C. Long Answer Questions (LA) ( 3 Marks )

1 Give the equations of two lines passing through the point ( -2,10). How many C
more such lines are there and why?
2 Draw the graph of the equation represented by the line which is parallel to x axis C
and is 4 units above it.
3 Find the solution of the linear equation x+2y =8 which represents a point on U
1. X axis and
2. Y axis

4 Draw the graph of the linear equation 2x – y + 1 = 0. From the graph find the MD
values of h and k if the graph passes through the point (h,4) and (1/2 , k)
D. V Long Answer Questions (VLA) ( 4 Marks)
1 Give the geometrical representation of 4(x – 1) = 2x – 6 in U

1. One variable
2. Two variables

2 Write the equation of the line that is parallel to y axis and passing through the U
point.

1. (4 ,0)
2. (3 ,5)

3 A lending library has a fixed charge for the 1st three days and the additional HOT
charge for each day thereafter. Arushi paid Rs.27 for a book kept for 7 days.
If the fixed charge is Rs X and per day the charge is RsY, write a linear equation
representing the above information and draw the graph of it.
4 The parking charges of a car at a railway station for first 2 hours is Rs.50 and HOT
Rs.10 for subsequent hours. Write a linear equation and find the charges to be
paid for
i) 1hour
ii) 6hours

ANSWERS (mcq)
1c 2. b 3b 4. A 5. a. 6. a. 7c. 8. c 9. a. 10d
11. d 12. a 13d. 14. a. 15. c.

Answers(fill in the blanks)

1)infinitely many, 2)straight line, 3)y axis, 4)x axis, 5)origin, 6)y =0,
7)x = 0,
8) (3,0) and (0,2)
 Answers(true or false)
1) False, 2) false, 3)true, 4)true, 5)true, 6)true, 7)true

LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES Answers

1. 0x + y – 5 = 0
2. X = 2y
3. K=5
4. Yes
5. -
6. a = -10
7. a = 5/3
8. (5,2)
9. x+y = 8, y –x = 10
10. graph
11. (8,0), (0,4)
12. h = 3/2, k = 2
13. x = -1
14. x = 4, x = 3
15. x + 4y = 27
16. i) Rs. 50
ii) Rs. 90
 CHAPTER 5

SYNOPSIS
❖ The word 'Geometry' is derived from the Greek words 'Geo' means 'Earth'
and 'Metron' means to 'Measure'. Around 325 BC Euclid, a teacher of

mathematics at Alexandria in Egypt, collected all the known work and

arranged it in his famous treatise, called 'Elements'. He divided the
'Elements' into thirteen chapters, each called a book. These books
influenced the whole world's understanding of geometry for generations
 to come. Euclid listed 23 definitions in book 1 of the 'Elements'.

❖ Few of the Euclid's Definitions:

1. A point is that which has no part.

2. A line is breathless length.
3. The ends of a line are points.
4. A straight line is a line which lies evenly with the points on itself.
5. A surface is that which has length and breadth only.
6. The edges of a surface are lines.
7. A plane surface is a surface which lies evenly with the straight lines on
itself.

The definitions of a point, a line, and a plane, are not accepted by

mathematicians. Therefore, these terms are taken as undefined.
❖ Axioms or postulates are the assumptions which are obvious universal
truths. They are not proved.
An axiom is a statement which is accepted to be true without proof.
The assumptions that are specific to geometry are called postulates.
❖ Euclid's Postulates:
1. A straight line can be drawn from any point to any point.
2. A terminated line can be produced indefinitely.
3. It is possible to describe a circle with any center any distance.
4. All right angles are equal to one another.
5. If a straight line falling on two straight lines makes the interior angles
on the same side of it taken together less than two right angles, then the
two straight lines, if produced indefinitely, meet on that side on which the
sum of angles is less than two right angles.
❖ Two equivalent versions of the Fifth Euclid’s postulates:
(i) ‘For every line l and for every point P not lying on l, there exists a
unique line m passing through P and parallel to l’.
(ii) Two distinct intersecting lines cannot be parallel to the same line.

All the attempts to prove the fifth postulate of Euclid using the first four
postulates and the other axioms as theorem failed. But those efforts led to
the creation of several other geometries called the non-Euclidean
geometries

Euclid's Axioms:

1. Things which are equal to the same things are also equal to one
another.
2. If equals are added to equals, then the wholes are equal.
3. If equals are subtracted from equals, then the remainders are equal.
4. Things which coincide with one another are equal to one another.
5. The whole is greater than the part.
6. Things which are double of the same things are equal to one another.
7. Things which are halves of the same things are equal to one another.

Theorems are mathematical statements which are proved using

definitions, axioms and already proved statements and deductive
reasoning.

A. Very Short Answer Questions (VSA) 1 Mark Level

1 Two lines in a plane which do not intersect are called C
a) Perpendicular b) parallel c) concurrent d) all
these

1. ------------- or more lines passing through the same point are U

called concurrent lines.
a) one b) two c) three d) A and B
2. Things which coincide with one another are --------------- to one HOT
another.
a) Equal b) unequal c) greater d) smaller

3. Two distinct points in a line determines a ---------------- line. HOT

a) Parallel b) unique c) perpendicular d) none of these

4. If a point P be midpoint of a line segment MN then MP=NP =--- U

-------- MN
a) Half b) 2 c) one fourth d) none of these

5. One and only one line passes through -------------- distinct points U
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

6. Two distinct ------------ in a plane cannot have more than one U

point in common.
a) Lines b) planes c) surfaces d) none of these

7. According to Euclid, a line is formed by U

a) Points b) surfaces c) A&B d) planes

8. If l, m, and n be three distinct lines such that l ‖ m, and l ‖ n then MD

the correct statement is
a) m‖n b) m is not parallel to n c) l‖m‖n d) A & C

9. According to Euclid a plane has HOT

a) Length but no breadth and thickness
b) Length and breadth and no thickness
c) No length, no breadth and no thickness
d) Length, breadth and thickness.

10. Given the collinear points A and B and C. They determine the HOT
line segments that are
a) AB, BC, CB b) AB, BA, BC c) AC ,CA, AB d) AB,
AC, BC

11. Two distinct intersecting lines cannot both be parallel to the ----- U
----- lines.
a) Same b) different c) intersecting d) none of these

12. If equals are added to equals then the whole are ----------------- U
a) Same b) different c) equal

13. Through one point ------- lines can be drawn. HOT

a) 1 b) 2 c) 0 d) infinite

14. A ray has -------------- length. MD

a) Finite b) infinite c) length is zero d) none of these
15. The step from point to solid are HOT
a) Points---lines---surface-----solids
b) Point ----surface----line--- solids
c) Solid------surface-----line---- point
d) Lines-----points ----- surfaces---solids

16. Lines are parallel if they do not intersect is stated in the form of U
a) a definition b) postulate c) proof d) axioms

17. Into how many chapters did Euclid divide the elements? U
a) 10 b) 11 c) 12 d) 13

18. All right angles are equal is stated in the form of HOT
a) a definition b) postulate c) proof d) axioms

19. The line segments end in U

a) Points b) surface c) curve d) ray

Short Answer Questions I (SA) 2 Marks level

20. State Euclid’s axioms. C

21. State Euclid’s postulates. C

22. State the equivalent version of Euclid’s fifth postulate U

23. Does the Euclid’s fifth postulate imply the existence of U

parallel lines? Explain.

Short Answer Questions II (SA) 3 Marks Level

24. MD

25. MD
26. U

27. MD
28. HOT

Introduction to Euclid’s Geometry

Teacher’s feedback:

Learning Objective Achieved Working Needs

towards reinforcement

I can understand and examine

facts about Euclid’s Geometry
I can describe the postulates and
theorems of Euclid’s Geometry.
I can apply the postulated and
theorems in solving problems.
I can relate my learning to real
life when I solve questions
based on geometry.
______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________
Student’s feedback:
______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________
Next step in
Learning:_______________________________________________________________________
___

__________________________________________________________________________________

ANSWERS
1. b 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. a 6. a
7. a 8. a 9. d 10.b 11.d 12.a
13.c 14.d 15.b 16.a 17.b 18.d
19.b 20.a 24. yes
 CHAPTER 6
Lines and Angles
SYNOPSIS
A line is one dimensional geometrical object with negligible width and depth.

When two lines meet at a point .The point is called vertex of the angle and two
lines are the arms. There are different types of angles based on the positions of
the arms.

Learn about the angles formed when two lines intersect and the relationship
between these angles.

A transversal intersecting two parallel lines has the following properties;

• Corresponding angles are equal.

• Alternate interior angles are equal.
• Interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary.

a and b are corresponding angles .

a=b

x and y are alternate angles.

x=y

r and s are co -interior angles.

r + s = 180
Adjacent angles: Angle that share a common side and have a separate
interiors

DBC is adjacent to CBA as they share the common side BC and have
separate interiors.

1 + 2 = 180 3 + 2 = 180
4 + 3 = 180 1 + 4 = 180
Sl. No Very Short Answer Questions (VSA) 1 Mark Level
1. Two lines are parallel when angles on the same side of the C
transversal are
a) Complementary b) Unequal c) Equal d) Supplementary

2. How many triangles can be drawn having it’s angles as 50o, 100o, U
30o
a) One b) Two c) Infinite d) None
3. If one angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the other two U
angles, then the triangle is
a) Obtuse b) Isosceles c) Equilateral d) Right angled
4. Two lines l and m are perpendicular to the same line n. Then l and C
m are
a) Parallel b) Equal c) Perpendicular d) Non-parallel

5. A triangle can have U

a)Two obtuse angles c) Two right angles
c) Two acute angles d) None
6. The sum of all the angles around a point is equal to C

7. The measure of an angle if seven times its complement is 10o less U

than three times its supplement is

8. U
If a ray OC stands on line AB such that AOC = BOC, then the
measure of AOC is?
9. What angle is equal to 2 times its compliment? C

10. Find the angle which is one – fifth its complement. C

11. Find the angle which is half of its complement. C

12. Find all the angles of  ABC HOT

13. If the angles of a  are in the ratio 2:3:4, find the angles. A

Short Answer Questions II (SA) 2 Marks

14. An exterior angle of a triangle is 110o and its two interior opposite C
angles are equal, each of these equal angles are
15. Find x if POS is a line A

4x

60 40o
o

P S

16. Find x and y and prove that AB ║ CD. H

17. If AB ll CD ,find the value of U

18. If AB ll CD then find x A

 a. Short Answer Questions II (SA) 3 Marks Level
19. In the given figure, AOC & BOC form a linear pair. If a – b H
=30 0 , find a and b.

20. Find x if BOA is a line and AOC = 4x and BOC = 6x + 30. A

C
6x+30
4x
B A
O

21. In the fig. , m ║ n and 1 : 2 = 3:2, Find all the angles MD

22. The measure BPC = 145 and m DAE = 165 in the diagram U
.Find the measure of  PDA

23. Find the value x U

24. AP and BQ are the bisectors of two alternate interior angles formed H
by the intersection of a transversal ‘t’ with parallel lines ‘l’ and ‘m’.
Show that AP || BQ.

A
l

P Q

m
B

25. Find the value x U

26. If AD and BD are bisectors of CAB and CBA respectively A

,find angle x and y
27. Find the value x U

b. Level
Long Answer Questions (LA) 4 Marks
28. In the given figure, PQ ⊥PS .PQ ll SR , SQR = 28 and QRT U
=65,then find the value of x and y

29. In the given figure AB divides ÐDAC in the ratio 1: 3 and AB=DB MD
.Determine the value of x

30. If AB ll PQ then find the value of z H

31 If PQ ll MN find the value of x H

32. 0 0 MD
In the figure A = 50 , ABC = 70 .If OB and OC are the
bisectors of ABC and ACB respectively, find OCB and
BOC.

33. In the figure OP || SR, OQ || ST. Show that  POQ =  RST. H

P R

S T
O Q

34. If ABCD and  APQ = 40° and PRD = 118° ,find x and y H

35. C
Two plane mirrors are placed at right
angles to each other .Ray AC falls
on mirror n and reflects as ray BD
.Show that AC BD.
Lines and Angles
Teacher’s feedback: ______________________________________________________________

Learning Objective Achieved Working Needs

towards reinforcement

Identify line segments, rays, and angles.

Classify angels as acute, right, obtuse, or
straight.
Identify complementary and supplement
ary angles.

I can identify parallel lines ,

intersecting lines and coincident
lines.
I can prove vertically opposite angles are
equal
I can apply the fact that if a transversal
intersects two parallel lines then
i) each pair of corresponding angles are
equal.\
ii) each pair of alternate interior angles
are equal.
iii) each pair of co interior angles on the
same side of transversal is
supplementary.
_______________________________________________________________________________

Student’s feedback: ______________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Next step in
Learning:__________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
_________________

Chapter 6 Lines and Angles

Answers
VSA
1 D
2 C
3 D
4 A
5 C
6 360
7 25
8 90
9 30,60
10 75,15
11 60,30
12 45,45,90
13 40,60,80
SA I
14 55
15 20
16 X= 110, y = 110
17 115
18 X= 55 ,y = 45
SAII
19 a= 105 , b= 75
20 X= 15
21 72,108
22 20
23 15
24 -
25 15
26 140
27 10
LA
28 37,53
29 18
30 264
31 230
32 30,115
33 -
34 264
35 X= 40,y=65, z= 75
 TRIANGLES

SYNOPSIS
➢ ELEMENTS OF A TRIANGLE :

B C

➢ The above figure shows a triangle ABC. The line segments AB, BC and CA are
called it’s sides. The angles A, B and C are called its interior angles or simply
angles. The points A, B and C are it’s vertices.
➢ The three sides and three angles are called the vertices of the triangle.

➢ CONGRUENCE OF A TRIANGLE :

1) Congruent triangles are equal in all respects ie they are the exact duplicate of
each other.
2) If two triangles are congruent then any one can be superposed on the other to
cover it exactly.
3) In congruent triangles , the sides and the angles which coincide by superposition
are called corresponding sides and corresponding angles.
4) The corresponding sides lie opposite to the equal angles and the corresponding
angles lie opposite to the equal sides.
5) The order of the letters in the names of congruent triangles displays the S
6) Thus when we write Δ ABC ≅ Δ PQR , it means that A lies on P , B lies on Q and C
lies on R ie ∟A = ∟P , ∟ B =∟ Q ,∟ C =∟ R and BC = QR , CA = RP , AB = PQ .
Writing any other correspondence ie Δ ABC ≅ Δ PRQ , Δ ABC ≅ Δ RPQ , etc. will
be incorrect.

➢ CRITERIA FOR CONGRURENCE OF TRIANGLES

1) SAS axiom of congruency :
 Two triangles are congruent if two sides and the included angle of one triangle are
equal to two sides and the included angle of the other triangle.
2) ASA CONGRUENCE RULE :
Two triangles are congruent if two angles and the included side of one triangle are
equal to two angles and the included side of the other triangle.
3) AAS CONGRUENCE RULE :
Two triangles are congruent if any two pairs off angles and a pair of corresponding
sides are equal.
4) SSS CONGRUENCE RULE :
Two triangles are congruent if the three sides of one triangle are equal to the three
sides of the triangle.
5) RHS CONGRUENCE RULE:
Two right triangles are congruent if the hypotenuse and one side of one triangle.

➢ SOME PROPERTIES OF TRIANGLES

1) A triangle in which lengths of two sides are equal is called an isosceles triangle.
2) The angles opposite to equal sides of an isosceles triangle are equal.
3) The sides opposite to equal angles of an isosceles triangle are equal.
➢ INEQUALITIES IN A TRIANGLE :
1) If two sides of a triangle are unequal, then the largest side has greater angle
opposite to it.
2) If two angles of a triangle are unequal, the greater angle has the longer side
opposite to it.
3) The sum of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the third side.
4) The difference between any two sides of a triangle is less than the third side.

➢ Of all the line segments that can be drawn to a given line from a point not lying on
it, the perpendicular line segment is the shortest.

A. MCQ Level
1. 1 If for a ABC and PQR , the correspondence BCA QRP is C
a congruence ,which of the following statements are correct

a) B Q b) C Q c) AB  QR d)
ACRQ
2. Let the correspondence YZX  RAP be congruence. Then ZX = U

a) RA b) AP c) RP d) none
In Δ ABC if A =36˚ and B = 64˚ ,find the longest side HOT

a) CA b) BC c) AC d)AB
3.

4. In ABC, BAC=40˚, and AB =AC, then ACB is HOT

a) 90 ˚, b) 100 ˚, c) 70˚ d) 130˚

5 In an isosceles ,ifA =100 ˚, and AB= AC ,then the measure of C
each equal angle will be

a) 60˚, 20˚ b) 40˚ , 40 ˚ c) 10 ˚ ,70˚ d)50˚

,30˚
6 One of the base angles of an isosceles is of measure 50 ˚, find the C
measure of the vertical angle

a) 60 b) 70 c) 80 d) 90
7 The angles of a triangle are in the ratio 2:3:7. Find the measure of each U
angle of the triangle.

a) 30,45and 90 b) 30.45and105 c) 30,45 and 60

d) 60,75 and 90
8 In a ABC , if 2A =3B =6C, calculate the measure of A. U

a) 30 b) 60 c) 90 d) 75

9 In a ABC ,A+B = 65 and B+C = 140. Find the measure U
of each angle of triangle.

a) 45,30and 115 b)40, 25, and115 c) 40,30and 60

d)15,25and 45
In a ABC ,A - B = 33 and B - C = 18. Find the measure
10 of each angles of triangle.

a)85,28and 60 b)23,55and 77 c)88,55and 37

d)90,25and 56

11 In a PQR, if P - Q = 42 and Q - R = 21 .findP HOT

a) 45  b) 65 c) 75  d) 95
12 The sum of two angles of triangleis 116˚ and their difference is Level
24˚. Find the measure of greatest angle of triangle.

a) 40  b) 60  c) 70 d) 80
13 Two angles of triangle are equal and the third angle is greater than C
each one of them by18˚.Find the measure of each equal angles.

a) 36  b) 54 c) 68  d)34 
14 In aABC, if  A = 90.Which is the longest side? U

a) AB b) BC c) CA d)none
15 In aABC, if A = B = 45 , name the longest side. U

a) AB b) BC c) CA d)none
MD

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Two figures are ___________ if they are of the same shape and of HOT
same size.

2. Two triangles are congruent if ___________ sides and the HOT

____________ angle of one triangle are equal to the
___________ sides and the included angle of another triangle.
3. ____________ opposite to equal sides of a triangle are equal. MD

4. In a triangle, the difference of any two sides is ____________ HOT

than the third side.

5. In a triangle, the sum of any two sides is ____________ than the U

third side.

6. In a triangle, side opposite to larger angle is____________. HOT

7. In a triangle, side opposite to the smallest angle is____________

8. In a right angles triangle, hypotenuse is the _____________ side.

 TRUE OR FALSE

1) Two circles of the same radii are congruent.

2) Angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle are unequal.

3) Each angle of an equilateral triangle is 60.

4) If three sides of one triangle are equal to three sides of another

triangle, then two triangles are congruent.

5) If in two right triangles, hypotenuse and one side of a triangle

are equal to the hypotenuse and corresponding side of another
triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.

A. Very Short Answer Questions (VSA) 1 Mark Level

1. 1 In triangle ABC and PQR, ∟ A = ∟ P and ∟ B = ∟ R . Which side of C
Δ PQR should be equal to side AC of ΔABC so that the two triangles
are congruent.
2. It is given that ΔABC ≅ ΔPRQ . If ∟A = 40˚ and ∟ C = 60˚ , then find the U
measure of ∟ R
3. In the adjoining figure, AB = AC. If ∟ACD = 115˚ , then find HOT
the measure of ∟A
A

115

B C D

4. In the adjoining figure AB = AC and BD = CD. Then find ratio of HOT

∟ABD : ∟ACD

B C
 a. level
Short Answer Questions I (SA) 2 Marks
5. AB is a line segment and line l is it’s perpendicular bisector . C
If P is a point on l , show that P is equidistant from A and B

6. In the adjoining figure, PQ = PR and ∟Q and ∟R. Prove that C

(i) ΔPQS ≅ ΔPRT (ii) QS = RT

S
T

Q R

7. P is a point on the bisector of ∟ABC. If the line through P, is parallel to U

BA meets BC at Q, prove that ΔBPQ is an isosceles triangle.

A
P

B
Q C

8. ABCD is a quadrilateral in which AB = BC and AD = CD. Show that BD U

bisects both the angles ABC and ADC
9. Line segment AB is  to another line segment CD.O is the midpoint U
of AD .Show that AOB DOC
10. In the adjoining figure, MN is parallel to QR. PQ = PR and ∟ LPN = 65˚.
Find the measure of ∟QPR
 L

HOT
N 65˚ P M

R Q

11. In the figure, bisectors of < B and< C of an isosceles HOT

triangle ABC with AB = AC intersect each other at O. BO is
produced to a point M. Prove that ∟MOC = ∟ABC

M
O

B C

a. Short Answer Questions II (SA) 3 Marks Level

12. In the adjoining figure, BA ⊥ AC, DE⊥ DF such that BA = DE and BF = C

EC. Show that ΔABC ≅ Δ DEF A

C E
B F

D
13. D is a point on the side BC of ABC such that AD =AC .Show that U
AB>AD
14. In the given figure, it is given that AD=BC and AC=BD. Prove that U
 ADB =  BCA and  DAB =  CBA.
A B

D C
15. ABCD is a rectangle, X and Y are points on sides AD and BC respectively MD
such that AY= BX . Prove that BY = AX and < BAY = < ABX

Hint Δ ABX ≅ Δ BAY

16. Prove that the sum of lengths of altitudes of a triangle is less than the HOT
perimeter of the triangle.

17. In the given figure, it is given that BC = CE and  1 =  2. Prove HOT

that  GCB   DCE

G D

C
1 2
B E
A F

18. In a quadrilateral ABCD , show that AB + BC + CD + DA < 2 ( AC + BD ) MD

19. l ∥ m and M is the midpoint of a line segment AB. Show that M is the HOT
midpoint of any line segment CD , having it’s endpoints on line l and line
m respectively.

Long Answer Questions (LA) 4 Marks Level

20. ΔABC is an isosceles triangle with AB=AC. Side BA is produced U
to D such that AB = AD. Prove that  BCD is a right angle.
D

A
21.  ABC and  DBC are two isosceles triangles on the same base HOT
BC and vertices A and D are on the same side of BC. If AD is
extended to intersect BC at P, Show that.

(i)  ABD   ACD

(ii)  ABP   ACP
(iii) AP bisects  A as well as  D
(iv) AP is the perpendicular bisector of BC

22. In the adjoining figure , D is the midpoint of BC , DE and DF are HOT

perpendiculars to AB and AC respectively such that DE = DF . Prove that
ABC is an isosceles triangle.
A

B
C
D
23. In the figure given below, CDE is an equilateral triangle formed on a side HOT
of a square ABCD. Show that ADE ≅ BCE and hence, AEB is an isosceles
triangle.
A B

D
C

24. In the adjoining figure, ABC is a right triangle and right angled at B such MD
that ∟ BCA = 2 ∟BAC & BC=BD. Show that hypotenuse AC = 2BC

C D
B

25. In the adjoining figure, AB = AD, BAP = QAD and PAC = CAQ. Prove that MD
AP = AQ D
Q

A C

P
B

26. ABC is a right triangle and right angled at B such that ∟BCA = 2 ∟BAC. U

Show that hypotenuse AC = 2 BC.

Hint: Produce CB to a point D such that BC = BD and join AD
 ANSWERS (MCQ)

1.a 2.b 3d 4.c 5.b 6.c 7.b 8c 9 b 10.c 11.d 12 c 13. b 14.b 15 a

ANSWERS (FILL IN THE BLANKS)

1)Congruent 2)Two, included,two 3)Angles 4)Less 5)Greater 6)Larger 7)Smallest
8)Greatest