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    4 views97 pages

    AmericanSchoolTextbook Easy 2

    Uploaded by

    Neresa Mones

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 97
    stra) Social Studies * History and Geography Science Bra acy) Citizenship Citizenship Government Government Economics Economics Geography Geography Geography Geography ‘American History American History ‘AWorld of Living Things ‘AWorld of Living Things Plants Plants Animals Animals The Life Cycle The Life Cycle The Food Chain The Food Chain The Solar System The Solar System Building Citizenship Different Kinds of Communities The Leaders of Government Martin Luther King, Jr. Many Jobs Volunteers and Community Jobs What Is a Map? Maps and Directions Natural Resources Caring for Our Resources Native Americans Early American Empires What Are Living Things? How Do Living Things Survive in the Cold? How Do Plants Grow and Change? How Do Plants Survive in the Desert? Kinds of Animals Insects The Life Cycle of an Animal The Life Cycle of a Frog What Are Food Chains? The Ocean Food Chain What Is the Solar System? What Causes the Seasons? Mathematics Computation Computation Time Time Addition and Subtraction Counting Money Telling Time Reading a Calendar Language and Literature Language Arts Language Arts, Types of Writing Reading Stories Parts of Speech Contractions and Abbreviations Types of Writing The Emperor's New Clothes Visual Arts Visual Arts ‘AWorld of Music ‘AWorld of Music ‘AWorld of Colors Lines and Shapes ‘Musicians and Their Instruments Mozart and Beethoven Chapter 1 Social Studies * History and Geography = + citizenship scaring + responsibility + honesty + courage + fairness + respect + loyalty There are We live together in a community. How can you be a better citizen in your community? There are seven ways to show good citizenship: caring, responsibility, honesty, courage, fairness, respect, and loyalty. Caring means thinking about what others need. Good citizens look after their neighbors and care for others. Responsibility means doing the things you should do. Always try to be a responsible person. Good citizens should be honest. Honesty means telling the truth. It is not always easy to do the right thing. That is why a good citizen needs courage, too. Courage means being brave even when it is hard. Good citizens treat others fairly and with respect. Finally, good citizens are loyal to their friends, family, community, and country. many ways to show good citizenship. fairness Dui | What is the main idea of the passage? a. People live together in communities. b. A good citizen should always be loyal. c. There are many ways to show good citizenship. 2 A __ person does the things he or she is supposed to do. a. responsible b. brave c. loyal 5 What does an honest person do? a. Tell the truth b. Have courage c. Care for others 4 Complete the sentences. a. Citizens live together ina ; b.A person has a lot of courage. c. People should each other with respect. 5 Complete the outline. Caring and Honesty and Fairness and er Responsibility Courage Respect camel I L +8 after + Tell the © Bee toothers ) [+ Bed to neighbors + Be brave + Respect others | your people and country + Do the things you should do Pome a ie Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. 1 » the rights and 2 » being fair and treating responsibilities that a b B others fairly citizen has _ » being brave even 4 » being loyal to one’s when itis hard | friends, community, and country There are many different kinds of communities. = community Some communities are small, and others are big. + urban oo eeu An urban community is in a city. + be surrounded Many people live and work in cities. * population People in cities often live in big apartment buildings. + be located Supermarkets, department stores, and other stores are near + suburban Seecee, | theirhomes. A rural community is in the countryside. Usually, rural areas are surrounded by land and fields. They have small populations. People in rural areas usually live in houses. Shops and buildings are often located far away from people's homes. A suburban community is near a city. Suburbs are small cities located near big cities. They are like a combination of urban and rural areas. Most suburbs are not as busy as cities. They have medium-sized populations. @ There are many different kinds of communities. mmunity ‘urban community rural community ‘euburban cot idea of the passage? a. Rural communities are in the countryside. b. People live in many different places. c. Suburban places are small cities. What is in an urban area? a. Fields b, Suburbs c. Department stores What does combination mean? a. population b. mix c.city According to the passage, which statement is true? a. There are big apartment buildings in rural areas. b. Suburban communities are large cities. c. Urban communities have the largest populations. Complete the outline. ‘Communities (Urban Community) (Rural Community -) Suburban Community) I I [- Ina? ‘inthe> | | + Near a big city + Large population + Small population + Combination of rural and + Many stores located + Shops and buildings far <____areas nearby away + Medium-sized Vocabulary Builder Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » relating toa city 2 » the number of people living in a place 3 » to be encircled by » relating to country areas = leader = mayor + vote * governor + president elect + needs + safety + transportation In the United States, each community and state has a leader. People choose their leaders. In a community, the mayor is the leader. The citizens of the community vote for their leaders. In a state, the governor is the leader. The citizens of each state vote for their governor. The president leads the whole country. Every four years, the citizens elect a president to run the country. The leaders provide for the needs of the people in the community, state, and country. Some of these needs include education, safety, and transportation. Each of these leaders also makes sure that people follow the law. Laws are very important. Laws protect people and prevent them from harming others. Laws help citizens live together in peace and harmony. © What do leaders do? safety education ‘transportation a POCO R CE Ure bets iry 1 What is the main idea of the passage? a. The president is more important than a mayor. b. Leaders take care of people in their communities. c. There are many leaders in the United States. A is the leader of a state. a. president b. mayor c. governor What do laws do? a. Decide who becomes the president b. Let people live together peacefully c. Provide for needs like transportation Answer the questions. a.Who is the leader of the whole country? ee b,Who chooses leaders? c. What are some needs of the people? oe - Complete the outline. Leaders take care of peopl ies. Leader Region Duties (Mayor » Community + Provide for the ° of the people + Make sure people follow Governor ( President »( Country the Comet ate Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » the leader of a 2 Bay AR A reauremens community sducation i r ee (a 3 bw vA \ W |) freedom from danger 4 me» away of moving Fe == Beene place to place ne us + grow up + march + speech arrest + give up + nonviolence + Civil Rights Act » African- American Martin Luther King, Martin Luther King, Jr. was a great leader. He grew up in the American South in the middle of the 1900s. He was a black man. At that time, many Americans treated blacks very poorly. Dr. King believed that all people should have the right to be treated the same. He dreamed for all people to live together in peace. He led marches and gave speeches. He was arrested many times, but he never gave up. He believed in nonviolence. In 1964, he won the Nobel Peace Prize. That same year, the United States passed the Civil Rights Act. It changed the laws that were unfair to African-Americans. It guaranteed equal rights to all Americans. To honor him, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is celebrated in January every year. @O vr. King wanted fair treatment for African-Americans. “hy He gave the famous - “have a dream” speech infront of the Lincoln Memorial. Main Idea and Detai 1 feeeieiea a What is the passage mainly about? a. Martin Luther King, Jr. b. The Nobel Peace Prize c. The Civil Rights Act What did Martin Luther King, Jr. believe in? a. Nonviolence b. Unfairness c. War What does guaranteed mean? a. passed b. asked for c. promised Complete the sentences. a. Martin Luther King, Jr. lived in the in the United States. b.The police Martin Luther King, Jr. many times. c. The Act was passed in 1964. Complete the outline. Martin Luther King, Jr. + Led marches + Gave ® + Helped get the Civil Rights Act passed + All people should be a the same + Is celebratéd in © every year + Honors Martin Luther King, J. + All people should live together in peace Ca Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » to seize and hold 2 » to abandon; to stop under the authority of doing something law 3 » not using violence; the » an act that guaranteed PoNotUse Viole’ practice of refraining equal rights to all from violence Americans Watte - > Complete the sentences with the words below. loyal fairly countryside honesty suburban city responsibility located Good citizens treat others and with respect. ______ means doing the things you should do. ___ means telling the truth. Good citizens are to their friends, family, community, and country. An urban community is in a _ A rural community isin the In rural areas, shops and buildings are often _ far away from people's homes. A ____ community is near a city. > Complete the sentences with the words below. governor prevent vote elect guaranteed unfair poorly right The citizens of the community _for their leaders. Inastate,the is the leader. Every four years, the citizens =a president to run the country. Laws protect people and them from harming others. In the middle of the 1900s, many Americans treated blacks very Dr. King believed that all people should have the___—=——_stto. be treated the same. The Civil Rights Act changed the laws that were to African- Americans. The Civil Rights Act equal rights to all Americans. ©) Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. ‘a da a | _ » being brave even when itis hard » relating to country areas > a way of moving people or things from place to place » relating to a city » the leader of a community SENS» to seize and hold under the authority of law ©) Match each word with the correct definition and write the meaning in Korean. 1 2 citizenship fairness loyalty population be surrounded by needs safety give up nonviolence OO0000000 Civil Rights Act —____O eecccceccccece a. requirements b. to be encircled by «freedom from danger d. being fair and treating others fairly «. to abandon; to stop doing something {the number of people living in a place g. an act that guaranteed equal rights to all Americans h. the rights and responsibilities thata citizen has / i. being loyal to one’s friends, community, ‘and country not using violence; the practice of iE e refraining from violence + job = earn money = get paid + take care of + goods + factory + service * professional G People work in many different places. Many people have jobs. A job is the work that people do. Most people work at a job to earn money. They usually get paid hourly, weekly, or monthly. With that money, they can take care of themselves and their families. There are many kinds of jobs. Some workers earn money by growing or making goods. Farmers produce the food we eat every day. Workers at factories produce many products we use every day. Some workers earn money by having service jobs. These are jobs like waiter, cook, delivery person, and salesperson. Workers with these jobs provide services for others. Others have professional jobs. Professional jobs require special education and training. Some of these jobs are doctor, lawyer, engineer, and artist. —S—SS——-- ee M: eeu: 1 Whatis the passage mainly about? a. The different jobs people have b. How much money some jobs pay cc. Professional and service jobs 2 Why do most people work? a. To provide services for others b. To make goods c. To earn money 3 What does goods mean? a. objects b. products c. services 4 According to the passage, which statement is true? a. Farmers often work at factories. b. Cook is a kind of service job. c. People only get paid monthly. 5 Complete the ou (Farmer) (_FactoryWorker) (_ServiceJob ) —_(_ Professional Job _) I I I I + Produce the + Make ® + Provide © + Need special food people people use every for others education and eateveryday || day + Waiter, cook, training delivery person, and | | + Doctor, | salesperson engineer, and artist Werte astute Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. 1 >the work that people (2 » to make money; to get do aid “OR ° » things that are grown 4 » ajob people do to or made; products help others = * volunteer * homeless shelter + food bank + unfortunate + earthquake » flood * community job @ Volunteers and community workers make a community a better place. Volunteers and Community Jobs Some people do not earn money for their work. They work for free and help others. We call them volunteers. Volunteers do many important jobs. Some people volunteer at hospitals. They assist doctors and nurses in taking care of patients. Other people work at homeless shelters or food banks. They help take care of more unfortunate people. Volunteers also help when people are in trouble because of earthquakes or floods. There are also special jobs that help the whole community. These are community jobs such as firefighter and police officer. They work for the whole community and get paid by the community. All of these volunteers and community jobs are improving our communities. They make our communities better places. POET t ty What is the main idea of the passage? a. Firefighters help their communities. b. Volunteers do not make any money. c. Many people work to improve their communities. 2 Who pays police officers? a. The community b. Food banks c. Volunteers 5 What does unfortunate mean? a. unlucky b. unhappy c.unkind 4“ Answer the questions. a. How much money do volunteers earn? __ - b. Where do some volunteers work? — c. What are some community jobs? - ee 5 Complete the outline. Many people work to improve their commu ‘Community Workers +Makenomoney — Help others c and police officers + Work at hospitals, homeless shelters, and | | » Work for the whole community . + Get paid by the 9 + Help after earthquakes and ® Repeiitiasroe res Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » a person who works for free and helps others people » a sudden shaking of the earth’s surface area » a temporary place provided for homeless » a very large amount of water that covers an 21 x= A map is a drawing of a place. It looks like a view from above. +map «view It might show cities, states, or countries. slocation It might show a small neighborhood or the entire world. + symbol * stand for Maps can be very helpful. + map key Mostly, we use them to find locations. + title We also use them to show how far one place is from another. + map feature Most maps have symbols on them. A symbol is a picture that stands for a real thing on a map. There could be symbols for houses, buildings, rivers, mountains, streets, and more. Maps have a map key. A map key explains what the symbols on a map mean. Maps also have titles. The title tells you what the map shows. These map features help us read and use the maps. Amapis a drawing of areal place. Map Key PB sions gig won 7 EE Lat PORT Ber ty | Whatis the passage mainly about? a. Who uses maps b. What maps look like c. How big maps are 2A explains the symbols on a map. a. location b. map key c. title 3 What are the pictures that stand for real things on maps? a. Symbols b. Buildings c. Rivers 4 Complete the sentences. a. Amap shows the view of something from b.Amapcanshowthe ____ of many places. a like the map key and title, help us read maps. 5 Complete the outline. (What They Do) (symbols) (Map Key andTitle_) I I I * Show from above | {+ Are? __ that stand for {+ Explain what the + Show locations real things . mean « Show how far one place is | | * Can represent houses, buildings, | | Tell what the map from another mountains, and streets shows Vocabulary Builder Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. a particular place or position > atable of symbols that 4 > to represent g co) shows what the symbols Go 2 g" | onamap mean Ei abe " 606 23 = * compass rose + direction = point out «scale = calculate + distance + represent Before we can use a map, we need to learn a few things about it. First, we should find the compass rose. The compass rose shows the four main directions on a map. It points out which directions are north, south, east, and west. On most maps, north is straight up on the map and is marked with an“N” East is to the right, south is straight down, and west is to the left. Maps also have a scale. All maps are smaller than the real area that they show. The map scale lets you calculate the real distance between two points. For example, the scale on one map may be that one centimeter represents ten kilometers. On this map, two cities are three centimeters away from each other. In reality, thirty kilometers is the distance between the two cities. @ Four Main Directions 24 ‘The compass rose ‘The map scale shows shows directions. the real distance. What is the main idea of the passage? a. The compass rose shows directions. b. All maps have a compass rose and a scale. c. Maps are not as big as the area they show. Where is north on most maps? a. Straight up b. Straight down ¢.To the right What does points out mean? a. answers b. finds c. shows According to the passage, which statement is true? a. The compass rose lets you calculate the distance between two points. b. The scale on all maps is one centimeter represents ten kilometers. c. East is to the right on most maps. How to Use Maps Complete the outline. + Shows directions + Northis straight up + South is straight * oe + East istothe right + West is to the ° + Shows the © between two points + Isneeded because maps are d than the area they show Repeated Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. 1 ye) »asmall drawing ona 2 » north, south, east, or 2 ms, 7 1 map that shows the west é 5, four main directions i ae att i 3 > Ithelpsyoucalculate 4) north)” to.show; to mean Miles the actual distance geese fast between two places. E =east 25 ©) complete the sentences with the words below. ao food banks get paid earn growing Co police officer professional free community 1 Most people work atajobto _ money. 2. People usually _ hourly, weekly, or monthly. 3 Some workers earn money by _ or making goods. 4 __ jobs require special education and training. 5 Volunteers work for __and help others. 6 Volunteers work at homeless shelters or 7 There are also special jobs that help the whole _ 8 These are community jobs such as firefighter and © complete the sentences with the words below. oe directions marked distance features co real area symbols drawing locations 1 Amapisa of a place. 2. Mostly, we use maps to find __ 3 Amapkeyexplainswhatthe on amap mean. 4 Map _____ help us read and use maps. 5 The compass rose shows the four main _____ onthe map. 6 Onmost maps, north is straight up on the map and is with an“N” 7 Allmaps are smaller than the __ that they show. 8 The map scale lets you calculate the real___ __ between two points. 26 © Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » things that are grown or made; products » a very large amount of water that covers an area map that shows the four main directions 1 job O _O —_O 2 earnmoney 3 service 4 homeless shelter 5 earthquake _ 6 map 7 location 8 direction 9 map scale Oo0O00000 10 represent » a person who works ~ 2, for free and helps go others "> » a table of symbols | that shows what the saeo! Hosier | symbols ona map mean Gas Station | » to represent Match each word with the correct definition and write the meaning in Korean. eecoeccecscccce a. to show; to mean b. the work that people do ca particular place or position g, to make money; to get paid e. north, south, east, or west { a job people do to help others 4g, a drawing of a place or an area h. a sudden shaking of the earth’s surface . a temporary place provided for homeless people It helps you calculate the actual < distance between two places. 27 = * natural resources + useful + be ready s energy + breathe «electricity Natural resources are useful things that come from nature. Nature is full of resources that are ready for people to use. Land, water, and air are some important natural resources. We use natural resources for food and energy. We need water to drink and air to breathe. We need land and soil to grow food. Coal, oil, and natural gas are used to make energy. This energy lets us drive our cars and make electricity for our homes. We also make many things from natural resources. We can use cotton and wool from animals to make clothes. We use trees to build our homes and to make many things we use every day. Rocks can be used to build walls and buildings. @ Things Made from Natural Resources We use wood Cotton and wool are Rocks are used to build ‘tomake things. used to make clothes. walls and buildings. 1 What is the main idea of the passage? a. Natural resources are important to people. b, People need air in order to breathe. c. We can make many things from natural resources. Coal, , and natural gas are used to make electricity. a. soil b.air coil What do people use rocks for? a.To make buildings b.To grow food c. To make clothes Answer the questions. a. Where can we find natural resources? b. What do we need to drink? c.What do we use to make clothes? Complete the outline. To Make Energy To Make Things + Food to eat a) oil, and + Cotton and wool to make © + Water to drink natural gas to + Trees to build homes and other things * Airto® make ene) + Rocks to make walls and buildings emetic Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. > power that makes things work or change » some useful things that come from nature gives machines power to work 3 » a form of energy that a » to be prepared 29 Pe aad © use up = conserve + reuse + reduce + turn off + recycle + recycling bin Caring for Our Res We use natural resources every day. So we have to be careful not to use up all of them. If we do not save our natural resources, we might not have enough of them in the future. One way to conserve resources is to reuse them. Reuse paper, bags, and boxes as much as you can. Another way to save resources is to use less of them. Try to reduce the amount of resources you use. You can turn off the lights when you leave a room. You can turn the water off when you brush your teeth. You can also recycle some materials. To recycle means to make a new thing from an old thing. Collect the used items and put them into the recycling bin. When we recycle something, we can use it again and again. @ We can conserve our natural resources! The 3 R's for Saving Resources ® Please Recycle! “Paper Reduce, 6 ie &) +Plastics ~W Reus % eo ; = rt Cues | Whatis the passage mainly about? a. Which items we can recycle b. How to save our natural resources c. Where to put recycled items 2 How can we reduce the resources we use? a. Turn off the lights when we leave rooms b. Brush our teeth more often c. Buy many new products 3 What does use up mean? a. order b. buy c. consume 4 Complete the sentences. a.We can ____ natural resources by reusing them. b. You should turn the water while brushing your teeth. c. Put old items into the bin. 5 Complete the outline. Caring for Our Resources + Tum off the lights when you leave a room, + Tum off the? while brushing your teeth + Collect used items + Reuse ® , bags, and boxes + Put them in c Waris actu Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » to save, keep, or 2 > to.use less protect » to treat used items so as to make them suitable to reuse » to switch off 31 = + Native American * American Indian * ancestor + tribe = custom = craftwork scarry on «= tradition 32 @ Many different groups of Native Americans lived in the U.S. Native Americans were the first people to live in America. They are also called American Indians. The ancestors of the Native Americans were people from Asia. As the years passed, these people formed their own tribes. They had their own languages and customs. Some tribes hunted for their food. Other tribes grew food such as corn and beans. Native Americans lived in different types of homes. The Lakota lived in tepees like tents. The Pueblo lived in adobe houses. The Iroquois lived in longhouses. Native Americans made the things they used and wore. They made canoes, baskets, pottery, and many other craftworks. Today, Native Americans still live in all parts of the United States. They carry on the traditions of their ancestors. @ Native American Craftworks ‘ee clothing baskets pottery — "ad® kad eee UCC Main Idea and Details 1 What is the passage mainly about? a. Native Americans and their customs b. The things that Native Americans made c. The homes of Native Americans The Iroquois lived in _ . a. adobe houses b. longhouses What does carry on means? a. transport b. hold on According to the passage, which statement is true? a. There are no more Native Americans in the U.S. b. Native Americans made their own pottery. c. The Pueblo people lived in tepees. Complete the outline. c. tepees c. continue (Traditions) (Homes _) I I (Customs) 1 + Had their own languages |_| « Lakota lived in tepees and customs + Pueblo lived in + Hunted for food s houses + Grew®____like corn + Iroquois lived in and beans longhouses + Made canoes + Made baskets and pottery + Made many © + Carryon of their ancestors today epee Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. 1 » the first people to live in America 3 % gp A) a group of people of the same race » a family member who lived in the past » the way people do something because it is traditional 33 Fey wor There were many tribes in the Americas. Some of them established their own empires. + establish “empire The three great American empires were the Maya, Aztec, and Inca. + Maya = Aztec The Mayans lived in the jungles of Central America. sinca They built great cities with temples and palaces. a Their civilization was very developed. ancient i aati The Mayans knew how to write. = nature god They also had advanced math and building skills. = warlike Like other ancient people, the Mayans worshipped many nature gods. * conquer The Aztecs lived in the area of modern-day Mexico. They built their city on islands in a lake. The Aztecs were very warlike. They conquered many people around them. They built huge stone temples devoted to their sun god. The Incas lived in the Andes Mountains in South America. Their cities, like Machu Picchu, were high in the mountains. The Incas built incredible stone walls. @© the Three Great American Empires _ Machu Picchu ————rlc ;3sSsUhlc ahch)WUl OT ea ley | Whatis the main idea of the passage? a. There were three great empires in America. b. The Mayans were greater than the Aztecs. c. The Incas lived in South America. 2 Which empire was located in the jungle? a.Inca b. Aztec c. Maya 3 What does incredible mean? a. tiny b. great c. pretty 4 Complete the sentences. a. The Maya, Aztec, and Inca all established b. The Aztecs were a people. Q was one of the Inca’s cities. 5 Complete the outline. (Maya Empire) (AatecEmpire ) (_ IncaEmpire _) I T —— + Lived in the © Mountains in South America : Coe city was + Lived in the area of modern-day ° + Were warlike + Worshipped a sun god + Lived in the jungles of Central America + Had advanced civilization + Worshipped ® + Built incredible walls Porras the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » an advanced stateof 2 » to show respect and human society honor for God or a god » fond of fighting; ready for war > gods of the wind, rain, orsun 35 ©) Complete the sentences with the words below. less reuse energy natural gas useful wool recycle use up, Natural resources are things that come from nature. We use natural resources for food and Coal, oil, and are used to make energy. We can use cottonand from animals to make clothes. Wehavetobecarefulnotto all of resources. One way to conserve resources is to them. Another way to save resources is to use of them. To means to make a new thing from an old thing. ©) Complete the sentences with the words below. 36 homes jungles Inca American Indians tribes ancestors Andes modern-day Native Americans are also called _. The of the Native Americans were people from Asia. Native American __ _had their own languages and customs. Native Americans lived in different types of The three great American empires were the Maya, Aztec, and The Mayans lived in the __ of Central America. The Aztecs lived in the area of Mexico. The Incas lived in the Mountains in South America. oe Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » some useful things that come from nature » to treat used items sos to make them suitable to reuse » gods of the wind, rain, or sun » the first people to live in America » a form of energy that gives machines power to work 6 » fond of fighting; sh ready for war ©) Match each word with the correct definition and write the meaning in Korean. 1 energy 2 be ready 3 conserve JO000 4 reduce 5 turn off 6 ancestor 7 tribe 0 8 custom 0 9 civilization 10 worship cere oc ococ cscs a. to be prepared b. to switch off c. to use less d. to save, keep, OF protect e. a group of people of the same race «an advanced state of human society g, a family member who lived in the past hh. power that makes things work or change ;. to show respect and honor for God ora god j, the way people do something because it is traditional 37 4\ © Write the correct word for each sentence. <® natural resources ¢» Native Americans © 10 Good citizens Suburban communities have medium-sized _ craftworks leader 7 “populations volunteers. worshipped __job their neighbors and care for others In the United States, each community and state has a Most people work ata __ to earn money. work for free and help others. Land, water, and air are some important You can turn the water _ when you brush your teeth. were the first people to live in America. Native Americans made canoes, baskets, pottery, and many other Like other ancient people, the Mayans Write the meanings of the words in Korean. eevaune 10 2 3 “ 8 courage urban rural transportation citizenship fairness loyalty needs give up nonviolence goods flood map key ‘compass rose earn money 16 v 18 19 20 a 2 23 4 25 26 a7 28 29 30 look after many nature gods. homeless shelter location direction map scale represent natural resources electricity recycle conquer be ready conserve reduce ancestor custom civilization 38 @ d ¢ & 0 HO = «living = nonliving « shelter «environment + room + move around = space @ Living Things What Are Living Things? Everything on Earth is either living or nonliving. Animals and plants are living things. Living things need food, water, and air to live. Living things grow and change. They can also make new living things like themselves. Water, air, and rocks are nonliving things. Nonliving things do not need food, water, or air. Nonliving things do not grow or change. They cannot make new things like themselves. Living things must have shelter. Shelter is a safe place to live. Shelter protects them from their environment and from other animals. Living things also must have room to grow or to move around. Some living things, such as flowers, need very little space. Other living things, such as elephants, may need a lot of space. @ Nonliving Things wr orl s—s—~—~—w™SS 1 Whatis the mai a. Water and rocks are nonliving things. b, Living things need food and shelter. c. Everything is either living or nonliving. idea of the passage? 2 Living things need for protection. a.air b. shelter c. water 3 How much space does an elephant need? a. None b. A little c. Alot 4 Complete the sentences. a. All things need food, air, and water to live. b. Living things can make living things like themselves. c protects living things from their environment. 5 Complete the outline. Everything on Earth (Living Things Nonliving Things and plants Water, air, and rocks + Need food, water, and air « Grow and change + Do not need food, water, or air + Can make new ® * Do not © or change + Need shelter and space + Cannot make new things Vocabulary Builder Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. 1 > having life; alive 2) er having no life; not _ living 3h e j » a safe place to live » the land, water, and air in which living things live 4 Survive in the Cold? Payne The coldest place on Earth is Antarctica. The temperature there is always below freezing. + Antarctica = below freezing But many animals still live there. manage to How do they manage to survive in such cold weather? = survive s adapt These animals have adapted their bodies to the cold. cle Seals and whales in Antarctica have many layers of fat. + fat fate: This fat helps keep their bodies warm. earcicuindca Penguins stay warm because they have small and thick feathers. > fur Some plants and animals live in the Arctic tundra. Many tundra animals have thick fur to keep them warm. Plants do not grow very tall there. They grow in groups close to the ground. This protects them from the cold and the wind. What about humans? Clothing helps people stay warm the same way animals’ fur does. @ How have plants and animals adapted to living in the cold? 1h ps Seals have many layers of fat. Penguins have small Arctic plants grow in groups and thick feathers. close to the ground. POC Le Urea) UT | What is the passage mainly about? a. Why seals have lots of fat b. Which plants can grow in the Arctic tundra c. How animals and plants survive in cold places 2 What lets penguins stay warm in cold places? a. Their feathers b. Their fat c. Their fur 3 What does thick mean? a. heavy b. fat c. thin 4 According to the passage, which statement is true? a. No plants are able to grow in the Arctic tundra. b. Clothing keeps people warm like fur does for animals. c. Whales have thick fur to keep them warm. 5 Complete the outline. c Surviving in the Cold = Antarctica) ArcticTundra _) Humans + Seals and whales have + Animals have thick ® + Must wear @ layers of fat + Plants grow in groups to stay warm + Penguins have small and close to the © Wem ea ators Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » to stay alive |» to change something { | tofitanew | environment » the continent 4 » the area around the surrounding the South “TST North Pole Pole 43 = + life cycle * germinate + sprout + plant + water * grow down + seedling fertilize How Do Plants Grow and Chan e? Every living thing has a life cycle. Alife cycle shows how a living thing grows, lives, and dies. A plant's life cycle begins with a seed. When a seed gets water and nutrients from SS the soil, it starts to germinate. Then, the seed sprouts and grows into an adult plant. Again, the adult plant makes seeds, and a new life cycle begins. The life cycle of a bean plant Let’s look closely at the life cycle of a bean plant. 1. A bean seed is planted and watered in the ground. 2. After around a week, the seed germinates. The roots grow down. 3. Then, one week later, the bean plant sprouts and becomes. a seedling. 4. After six weeks, the bean plant becomes an adult. 5. Flowers grow and get fertilized. They make bean seeds. boas 7 mn P wnainw - seed seed with roots sprouting seed (germinate) Let CEU acd | Whatis the passage mainly about? a. Plants’ life cycles b. Seedlings c. How seeds germinate 2 Aplant begins its life cycle as a a. flower b. seed c. seedling 3 How long does it take a bean seedling to become an adult plant? a. One week b. Two weeks c. Six weeks 4 Answer the questions. a. What does a seed need to germinate? b. After a seed germinates, what happens? c. What makes bean seeds? 5 Complete the outline. Seed gets planted Gets nutrients and °__ Becomes an adult plant Plant sprouts and — becomes a” =I Comet iei aa Flowers are “ a Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. i_ » Itshows how a living aa ‘rom thing grows, lives, and > to start to grow dies. . S 3 » to send up new 4 » ayoung plant tdi = Ir 45 car «desert How Do Plants Survive in the De Plants live almost everywhere. Some plants even live in the desert. + harsh Deserts have very harsh environments. soos Deserts are very hot and dry with little rain. ae a Few kinds of plants and animals have adapted to living there. oe However, some plants, like the cactus, grow well in the desert. » spread out How do they manage to survive in such a dry place? + capture A cactus has a thick stem and spiny leaves. The stems and leaves help the cactus store water inside it. Then, it can use the water later when it needs it. So, it can grow for a long time without any rain at all. A cactus’s roots spread out away from it. The roots are also very close to the ground. This lets the roots capture large amounts of water when it rains. © Cacti have adapted @ Acactus's stem and leaves to living in the desert. help store water. What is the main idea of the passage? a. A cactus needs little water to survive. b. Some plants can survive in harsh conditions. c. There are many cacti in the desert. Which part of the cactus stores water? a. The stem b. The roots c. The branches What does capture mean? a. use b. drink c. collect Complete the sentences. a. are often very hot and dry. b. A cactus can store to use another time. «The of a cactus spread out underground. Complete the outline. Cactus }— oe > (Desert Environment) (_ StemandLeaves ) (Roots _) I I I + Very hot and dry + Help ® water + Spread out away from it + Has © to + Can use the water when + Close to the © + Lets cactus ¢ survive in the desert itis needed water when it rains Vocabulary Builder Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » covered with spines or long, sharp points 1 IM > very difficult to live in; very unkind > to stretch out; to expand » to keep or save something for future use 47 Review 4 ©) complete the sentences with the words below. Co nonliving things environment coldest fur oo living things manage to adapted air 1 Animals and plants are 2 _ Living things need food, water, and ___ tolive. 3 Water, air, and rocks are 4 Shelter protects living things from their and from other animals. 5 The ___ place on Earth is Antarctica. 6 Howdo the animals survive in such cold weather? 7 Animals in Antarctica have their bodies to the cold. 8 Many tundra animals have thick to keep them warm. ©) complete the sentences with the words below. Ca nutrients seed away thick a life cycle harsh fertilized cactus 1A shows how a living thing grows, lives, and dies. 2 Aplant's life cycle begins with a 3 Whenaseed gets waterand from the soil, it starts to germinate. 4 Flowersgrowandget____—_. They make bean seeds. 5 Deserts have very environments. 6 Some plants, like the , grow well in the desert. 7 Acactus hasa stem and spiny leaves. 8 Acactus’s roots spread out from it. 48 (© Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » having life; alive 2) ae having no life; not living a oe » to start to grow 4 » ayoung plant w a » the continent surrounding the South Pole » covered with spines or long, sharp points (©) Match each word with the correct definition and write the meaning in Korean. | envionment __O ggggegceccecct? 2 shelter O a. to stay alive b. asafe place to live » ene —O c. to send up new growth 4 adapt ___———«_J_ i to stretch out; to expand . the area around the North Pole saci ¢ very difficult to live in; very unkind acco (gto keep or save something for future use OO hh. Itsshows how a living thing grows, 7 Weeele lives, and dies. |. the land, water, and air in which eran living things live 9 store O j. to change something to fit a new OO environment 10 spreadout_ _ O 49 = «= mammal «give birth to “young «feed + bird + lay eggs «hatch «reptile = amphibian + fish @ Howare animals different? Kinds of Animals What do a cat, a lion, and a dolphin have in common? They are all mammals. A mammal is an animal with fur or hair. Most mammals give birth to live young. Mammals feed their young with milk from their mothers. A bird is an animal that has a beak, feathers, wings, and legs. Most birds can fly using their wings. Birds lay eggs. Chicks hatch from the eggs. Ducks, peacocks, and penguins are all birds. A reptile is an animal that has dry skin covered with scales. Most reptiles lay eggs and walk on four legs. Snakes, turtles, and alligators are all reptiles. An amphibian is an animal that lives on land and in water. Most amphibians have smooth, wet skin and lay eggs. Frogs and salamanders are amphibians. Fish live under water. Most fish have scales, fins, and gills. They lay eggs. Angelfish and sharks are fish. rll Main Idea and Details 1 What is the passage mainly about? a. The differences between reptiles and amphibians b. The environment that animals live in cc. How animals are alike and different — can live both on land and in water. a. Amphibians b. Fish c, Mammals What do many reptiles look like? a. They have feathers. b. They have skin covered with scales. c. They have scales, fins, and gills. According to the passage, which statement is true? a, Birds feed their young milk from their mothers. b. Reptiles lay eggs. c. Dolphins are fish. Complete the outline. Kinds of Animals ae — = (Mammals Birds (Reptiles) (Amphibians) (Fish) : i r r : + Have furorhair | {+ Have a beak, + Have dry skin} {+ Liveonland | {- Live under | + Give birth tolive || feathers,®__— |] with and in water a and legs + Lay eggs a + Have scales, + Feed young milk | | * Can fly + Walkon four | |* Havesmooth, | | fins, and from mothers | | + Lay eggs legs wet skin cn erratic rs Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » animals that give birth » animals’ babies to live young ®."\» animals that live on land and in water » animals like snakes and turtles 51 Insects There are millions of species of insects. Insects include ants, butterflies, bees, and crickets. + species + insect Scinmarky Many look different from one another. «head But insects all have many similarities. » thorax All insects have three body parts and six legs. coe Most insects lay eggs. antennae eo Let's take a closer look at the three main body parts: the head, thorax, and abdomen. The head has the insect’s eyes, antennae, and mouth. Insects use their antennae to feel things. The thorax has the insect's legs and wings. All insects have three pairs of legs. Not all of them have wings though. The abdomen is usually the largest part. Female insects lay eggs from their abdomen. Insects like bees have their stingers there. © The Three Parts of Insects oe ae h Daa = three pairs =" z of legs ETT ————S rl esl Cat sd What is the passage mainly about? a. Some species of insects b. The body parts of insects c. The wings and antennae of insects 2 What doall insects have? a. Six pairs of legs b. Wings c. Three body parts 3 What does feel mean? a.see b. taste cc. touch 4 Answer the questions. a. What are the three body parts of an insect? b. What is on an insect's thorax? c. What do bees have on their abdomen? 5 Complete the outline. What makes an insect an insect? Thorax (Hess) + Has eyes, + Has legs and wings + Isthe® body part and mouth + Has three ® oflegs | | + Lays eggs from abdomen + Feels with the antennae | | « Does not always have wings | | + Bees’ are there Pett en aerated Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » the largest body part of an insect, from which they lay eggs insect that has legs and wings » the sharp stinging part of a bee that contains » two long things on an insect's head that it uses to feel with poison 53 = + life cycle » stage * go through «birth How do animals grow and change? All animals have a life cycle. Alife cycle is all of the stages that animals go through during their lives. Most animals go through four stages: birth, growth, reproduction, = growth ean and death. + death i paibieat| When mammals are born, they are helpless. * take care of They cannot see or walk. = mature Their mothers must take care of them until they can take care of srepreduce. themselves. As mammals grow up, they start to look like their parents. For cats and dogs, it takes about a year to become an adult. For humans, it takes more than ten years to mature. When mammals become adults, they can reproduce. Then they can have their own young like themselves. Finally, the last stage is death. When mammals reach the end of their lives, they die. @ The Life Cycle of a Cat és > B. EES 54 ee COCO PUTO RCT emer 1 What is the passage mainly about? a. The life cycles of mammals b. Cats and dogs growing older c. Mammals when they are born The third stage in a mammals life cycle is : a. death b. reproduction c. growth How long does it take for dogs to mature? a. One year b. Six years c. More than ten years Complete the sentences. a. A life cycle is the an animal goes through in its life. b. Mammals are helpless at . c. Mammals look like their as they grow older. Complete the outline. {The Life Cycle of aMammal_ L Birth Growth » Reproduction Death + Look like parents + Can have + Die when they ) + Dogs and cats ¢ of] | eachthe | Bee inone year | | their own ‘ of their | + Humans mature in — lives more than ten years + Cannot see or walk + Mothers take @ of them Weeds Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. 1 » the process of growing 2 5 » the act or process of bigger having babies » to look after 3 » to experience © ome 55 * amphibian = unique + lay eggs + tadpole = hatch + resemble + tail gills + develop lungs @ The Life Cycle of a Frog Frogs are amphibians. So their life cycles are different from mammals. In fact, frogs have very unique life cycles. Frogs lay eggs in water in spring. After about two weeks, tadpoles hatch from the eggs. Tadpoles actually do not resemble frogs at all. They do not have any legs but have tails. Tadpoles also have gills. Their gills let them breathe and live in the water. As tadpoles grow older, they get ready to live on land. They develop legs, and their tails become shorter. Also, they develop lungs, which let them breathe air on land. Then, the tadpoles start to look more like frogs. After about 14 weeks, the frogs have become adults and have No tails. They move onto land and live there most of their lives. ——_-S—“‘—teeeeffllT PR eer cr 1 What is the main idea of the passage? a. A baby frog is called a tadpole. b. Frogs can live in the water and on land. c. The life cycle of a frog is unique. 2 Howcan tadpoles breathe in the water? a. They have lungs. b. They have gills. c. They have tails. 3 What does develop mean? a. lose b. grow c. breathe 4 According to the passage, which statement is true? a. Tadpoles have both gills and lungs. b. Tadpoles look like frogs. c. Frogs are fully grown up after fourteen weeks. 5 Complete the outline. + Become adults after 14 weeks + Have no tails + Hatch from eggs + Havea® but no legs + Have gills so can breathe in water + Have legs and © so can live on land + Develop ® and lungs ai ia aes Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » to be born from an egg » a young frog » tolook like something | 4 » a pair of body parts or someone used for breathing air 37 Poy Ca 5 ©) complete the sentences with the words below. oo give birth to antennae feed common a lay eggs species legs wings 1 What do acat,a lion, and a dolphin have in 2? 2 Most mammals oe _ live young. 3 Mammals _ _ their young with milk from their mothers. 4 Most amphibians have smooth, wet skinand 5 Therearemillionsof__————_off insects. 6 Allinsects have three body parts and six ___ 7 The head has the insect's eyes, _ ,and mouth. 8 The thorax has the insect’s legs and 5 ©) complete the sentences with the words below. Co helpless reproduce hatch develop oe change grow older stages unique 1 Howdoanimalsgrowand 2 2 Alife cycle is all of the that animals go through during their lives. 3. When mammals are born, they are _ 4 Whenmammals become adults, they can 9 5 Infact,frogshave very __———_life cycles. 6 After about two weeks, tadpoles _ ____ from the eggs. 7 Astadpoles , they get ready to live on land. 8 Tadpoles _ legs, and their tails become shorter. 58 (© Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » animals’ babies » animals that give birth to live young » animals that live on land and in water _ \» the middle partofan 6 » a young frog © insect that has legs and wings © Match each word with the correct definition and write the meaning in Korean. 1 abdomen OO gee gegocccecctt 2 antennae — O a. to look after b. to experience anos —O <. to be born from an eg9 * growth (1) a the process of growing bigget «=. to look like something or someone aA aianen 0 {the act or process of having babies 6 gothrough © g apair of body parts used for breathing air 7 takecareof (Jy, the sharp stinging part ofa bee that contains poison sheer |. two long things on an insect’s head that it uses to feel things ae |. the largest body part of an insect, w lungs from which they lay eggs 59 All animals need food to live. Food gives them energy to survive. + food chain + order Different animals eat different things. = bottom Some eat plants. Some eat other animals. + link = plant eater A food chain shows the order in which animals eat plants and eee other animals. At the bottom of the food chain are plants. The sun gives plants energy. Animals that eat plants are the next link. We call them plant eaters. «hunt They are usually small insects like grasshoppers. Animals like squirrels and rabbits are also plant eaters. Animals that eat other animals are the third link. We call them meat eaters. They might be small animals like frogs and snakes. Then, bigger animals like hawks and bears eat these small animals. Animals that are not hunted by other animals are at the top of the food chain. Actually, people are at the top of many food chains. @ Food Chain Erie wa & Fede cela eked ] > Hawk eats 2 ‘the snake Snake eats the frog Frog eats Plant grows Insect eats the insect, ‘the plant sa ——ssti‘(<;$P..Q—<— POPUL T RU Ber tT 1 What is the passage mainly about? a. Different meat eaters b, The bottom of the food chain ¢. The links on the food chain are located at the bottom of the food chain. a. Plants b. Insects c. Frogs Which is a food chain? a. plant = frog > rabbit > hawk b. plant + grasshopper + frog » snake ¢. snake » rabbit > bear > hawk Answer the questions. a. Which animals are plant eaters? b. Which animals are on the third link of the food chain? ¢. Which animals are at the top of the food chain? The Food Chain C Plants >} Pant Eaters “a2 Small Meat Eaters »(_ Big Meat Eaters) 1 a gives *Smalle Hawks and + Squiels and r and rabbits ee bears Complete the outline. Aes Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » animals that eat other Taal » the order in which aaa animals animals eat plants and e@ rabbits other animals webewsPlants |) 3 > astructure or system = 4» U ( (> aring of a chain — he 61 = sexist + life = creature *algae = plankton + consume + shellfish + killer whale Food chains also exist in the oceans. The oceans are full of life. These life forms all either eat or get eaten by creatures on the food chain. Algae are the lowest on the ocean food chain. They are plants that make food from the sun’s light. Small creatures, such as plankton, consume the algae. Then, slightly bigger creatures eat the plankton. These are often shellfish like clams, shrimp, and crabs. Then, small fish eat the shellfish. Some small fish are cod, mackerel, and flatfish. Next, large fish eat the small fish. Some large fish are tuna, swordfish, and sharks. Finally, animals like killer whales and great white sharks eat the large fish. They are at the top of the food chain. Killer whale @ The Ocean Food Chain eats large fish Large fish eats small fish —————_ +++ Main Idea and Det: | Whatis the main idea of the passage? a. There is a food chain in the ocean. b. Many small creatures eat plankton. c. Killer whales are at the top of the ocean food chain. 2 Which is the lowest on the ocean food chain? a. Shellfish b. Algae cc, Plankton 3 What does consume mean? a. hunt b. eat c. chase 4 Complete the sentences. a. Clams, shrimp, and crabs are all b. use the sun’s light to make food. c. Great white sharks areatthe =———_of the food chain. Use the suns°___tomake food _ Weis Aes Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. 5 Complete the outline. The Ocean Food Chain » a small plant with no » any living thing; life stems or leaves that grows in water » a small sea animal that » to eat or drink e Ge has a shell something; to use completely 63 We all live on Earth. Earth is part of a larger system called the solar system. solar system be made up of . The solar system is made up of the sun and the planets. planet orbit A planet is a huge object that moves around the sun. path There are eight planets in the solar system. + distance Earth is one of eight planets that orbit the sun. In order of the planets from the sun, they are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The sun is the center of the solar system. The eight planets move in paths around the sun. Each path is called an orbit. The planets are different from one another. Some are smaller than Earth. Others are larger. They look different, and they are at different distances from the sun, Oi Neary TTT a oo Ul be ey 1 What is the passage mainly about? a. The characteristics of the planets b. The planets in the solar system c. The distance of the planets from the sun 2 The farthest planet from the sun is . a. Earth b. Mercury c. Neptune 3 What does orbit mean? a. fly b. go through c. move around 4 According to the passage, which statement is true? a. The planets all move around the sun. b. Earth is the center of the solar system. c. The planets all have the same size. 5 Complete the outline. {The Solar System }—. C sun) (C Planets) as of the solar system |__| + Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupite,°__ planets orbiting it | Uranus, and Neptune | | » Orbit the sun | | + Are different sizes | + Are at different from the sun Wes Asie Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » the sun and the » a large object that planets moves around the sun » to move around; the path traveled by a planet allows you to move forward = » a track; a way that 65 €F) What Causes the Seasons? There are four different seasons in a year: spring, summer, fall, Seton and winter. cause All throughout the year, the seasons change. eS So what causes them to change? complete tilt Earth moves around the sun while it rotates each day. GEG It takes Earth one year to complete a full trip around the sun Earth is always tilted in the same direction. As Earth orbits the sun, the part that is tilted toward the sun changes. This makes the four seasons. When the part of Earth where you live is tilted toward the sun, the sun's rays directly hit that part of Earth. So it is summer. When the part of Earth where you live is tilted away from the sun, it is winter. The same pattern repeats each year. ae en) Pees : Ym Oe | Whatis the main idea of the passage? a. The seasons change because of Earth's tilt. b, There are four seasons each year. c. The sun's rays hitting Earth directly make it summer. 2 Howlong does it take Earth to complete one orbit around the sun? a. One day b, One week c, One year 3 What doesis tilted mean? a. changes b, moves c.leans 4 Complete the sentences. a. The four - are spring, summer, fall, and winter. b. Earth is always tilted in the same c. The part of Earth tilted away from the sun has 5 Complete the outline. (“seasons } eS eee Four Seasons Why They Change ——s Spring, summer, + Earth is? as it moves around the sun 2 , and winter + The part tilted <_ the sun has summer +The parttilted 9 from the sun has winter Vocabulary Build Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. » to cause to lean or » to spin around or to slope; a slope turn +)» to make something » to finish doing happen something 67 eens) ©) complete the sentences with the words below. plankton plant eaters animals top ocean killer whales plants hunted At the bottom of the food chain are Animals like squirrels and rabbits are _ Animals that eat other __ are the third link on the food chain. Animals that are not ____ byother animals are at the top of the food chain. Algae are the lowest on the ______ food chain. Small creatures, such as _______, consume the algae. Animals like ____and great white sharks eat the large fish. People are at the _ of many food chains. ©) Complete the sentences with the words below. 68 Saturn complete throughout system direction object planets away Earth is part ofalarger called the solar system. A planet is a huge that moves around the sun. In order of the planets from the sun, they are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, =, Uranus, and Neptune. Theeight move in paths around the sun. All ____ the year, the seasons change. Ittakes Earthoneyearto ___a full trip around the sun. Earth is always tilted in the same ___ When the part of Earth where you live is tilted __ from the sun, it is winter. © Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. : FA foxes ee rabbits yore, Plants » the order in which animals eat plants and other animals » a small sea animal that has a shell » to cause to lean or slope; a slope » the sun and the planets stems or leaves that grows in water ©) Match each word with the correct definition and write the meaning in Korean. 0 coececcccceccce 1 order 2~ link 3 creature 4 consume 5 planet 6 path 7 orbit 8 rotate 9 cause 10 complete _ OO0O000000 a. ating of a chain b, any living thing; life cc. astructure or system ¢. to spin around or to turn e. to finish doing something { to make something happen g. to eat or drink something; to use completely h. a large object that moves around the sun a track; a way that allows you to move forward to move around; the by a planet ; path traveled : 6 ©) write the correct word for each sentence. <» staywarm reptile ¢» go through nonliving — seasons planets. 1 Everything on Earth is either living or 2 Female insects lay eggs from their 3 Howdo the animals manage to __insuch cold weather? 4 Penguins because they have small and thick feathers. 5 AL is an animal that has dry skin covered with scales. 6 Alife cycle is all of the stages that animals _ during their lives. 7 A shows the order in which animals eat plants and other animals. 8 __ Life forms all either eat or get eaten by on the food chain. 9 The solar system is made up of the sun and the 10 There are four different ina year. Write the meanings of the words in Korean. 1 living a - 16 hatch 2 germinate _ 47 resemble 3 seedling 18 foodchain 4 environment 19 order 5 shelter _ 2 link _ 6 adapt 2 creature 7 spread out __ 22: consume mammal _ 23. planet _ 9 amphibian 24 path - 10 reptile _ _ 28 orbit a1 abdomen 26 rotate _ 12. antennae 27 cause _ 13. stinger 28 complete 14 reproduction _ 29. solar system 15. take care of 30 tilt 70 = + addition + add + sum = plus * equals + subtraction + take away + subtract + difference * minus Addition and Subtraction Addition is adding two or more numbers together. Suppose there are 3 ants ona leaf. Then, 4 more ants join them. How many ants are there now? 34+4=7 There are 7 ants. The answer you get after you add numbers is called the sum. So, you can say, “The sum of 3+4 is 7.” Or, you can say, “Three plus four equals seven.” Subtraction is taking a number away from another one. Suppose your friend has 5 cookies. You are hungry, so you take 2 cookies. How many cookies are left now? 5-2=3 There are 3 cookies left. The number you have left after you subtract is called the difference. So, you can say, “The difference of 5-2 is 3.” Or, you can say, “Five minus two equals three.” @ Addition and Subtraction 72 cr aed ee Crees difference ———O—Oo POET O eet y re oy | What is the passage mainly about? a. The easiest way to add numbers. b. Adding and subtracting numbers c. What sum and difference mean 2 The answer after adding two numbers together is the a.sum b. difference c. subtraction 3 What does subtract mean? a. minus b. take away cadd 4 Complete the sentences. a. The adding together of two or more numbers is b. One plus seven eight. c.Ten four equals six. 5 Complete the outline. a + Adding together two or more numbers Addition —— + Answer is called the * + Taking one number ”. from another Subtraction 8 coma + Answer is called the © Vocabulary Builder Write the correct word and the meaning in Korean. 1 » taking one number 2 » the sign to show 6-3=3 away from another you are adding two + numbers 20-8=12 3 >the signtoshowyou 4 » the sign to show the are subtracting one answer toa math number from another = problem 73 = We use money to buy things. Money can be both coins and paper bills. + coin «+ paper bill All bills and coins have different values. + value = penny There are several kinds of coins and bills in American money. be worth: A penny is worth one cent. 1 penny = 1¢ : a Anickel is worth five cents. 1 nickel = 5¢ nil ae Adime is worth ten cents. 1 dime = 10¢ = quarter A quarter is worth twenty-five cents. 1 quarter = 25¢

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