Work, Energy, Power, and Simple Machine

Physics-Grade 8/2023-2024

1. A workman rolls a barrel of weight 2000 N up a plank of length 2.0 m and onto a lorry. The back of the lorry
is 0.80 m above the horizontal surface of the road.

If the friction between the object and the plane is neglected, what is the minimum force to a barrel along
the plane?
A. 200 N
B. 400 N
C. 800 N
D. 1000 N

2. Which expression is used to calculate power?

3. A small motor has an input power rating of 10 W and is run for 5 minutes.
What is the energy input to the motor in this time?
A. 2 J
B. 50 J
C. 300 J
D. 3000 J

4. A student of mass 60 kg climbs some steps. He travels a horizontal distance of 2.0 m and a
vertical distance of 1.5 m. The gravitational field strength g is 10 m/s2.

What is the work done against the force of gravity?

A. 90 J
B. 120 J
C. 900 J
D. 1200 J

5. A small hydroelectric power station diverts water from a river. Every second, 20 kg of water flows
through a pipe and falls through a vertical drop of 15 m. The gravitational acceleration g is 10 m/s2.
What is the power output?
A. 180 W
B. 1800 W
C. 3000 W
 D. 180.000 W

6. The diagram shows a muscle and bones in a person’s arm. The hand holds a load of weight 40 N. The
elbow acts as a pivot (fulcrum) and the tension (effort/effort)) in the muscle keeps the lower part of the arm
horizontal.

What is the tension (effort) in the muscle due to the load?

A. 200 N
B. 240 N
C. 280 N
D. 1400 N

7. A motor is used to lift a load 0.5 m vertically, as shown.

The load weighs 40 N. what is the work done by the motor?

A. 10 J
B. 20 J
C. 40 J
D. 80 J

8. The total weight of the load and the wheelbarrow shown is 600 N.

What is the size of force F needed just to lift the loaded wheelbarrow?
A. 350 N
B. 430 N
C. 600 N
D. 840 N
9. A beam on a pivot supports a load P at one end and a load Q at the other end. The weight of the beam can
be ignored.

The beam is balanced. Which row gives possible values for P and for Q?

10. The diagram shows a balance being used to find the weight of a baby. The weight of the basket
can be ignored. At equilibrium, the pivot (fulcrum) is nearer to the 40 N balancing weight than to the baby.

What is the weight of the baby?

A. less than 40 N
B. 40 N
C. more than 40 N
D. impossible to tell without a scale on the beam.

11. A mass of 20 kg is held stationary by a rope passing over a frictionless pulley.

If the gravitational acceleration g is 10 m/s2. What is the tension (force) T in the rope?
A. 10 N
B. 20 N
C. 100 N
D. 200 N

12. A weightlifter lifts 250 kg of mass through a height of 1.8 m.

During the lift, what is work done by the weightlifter? (g = 10 m/s2)

 A. 2250 J
B. 2500 J
C. 4500 J
D. 5000 J

13. Which is an example of someone using a simple machine to do work?

A. a boy runs across a football field
B. a banker counts money
C. a mother pushes a stroller up a ramp into a building
D. a girl eats a sandwich

14. Look at the following figure and statements!

F

stone

iron

I. The iron is moved closer to the stone.

II. The iron is moved away from the stone.
III. The effort F is moved closer to the iron.
IV. The effort F is moved away from the iron.

The correct statements to get a maximum mechanical advantage are....

A. I and III
B. I and IV
C. II and III
D. II and IV

15. Look at the following figure!

Based on the figure above, which of the following statements is true?

A. 2 is the fulcrum, 3 is the load, 1 – is the effort.
B. 2 is the load, 3 is the fulcrum, 1 is the effort.
C. 2 is the fulcrum, 1 is the effort, 3 is the load.
D. 2 is the load, 1 is the fulcrum, 3 is the effort.

16. Look at the following figure!

The tool above is using the principle of…

A. 1st class lever C. 3rd class lever
B. 2nd class lever D. Inclined plane
17. Four objects are placed on four different inclined planes, each inclined plane at different angle as shown.

If they have same mass, the inclined plane that will give the biggest mechanical advantage is…
A. Figure 1
B. Figure 2
C. Figure 3
D. Figure 4

18. Lisa throws a softball with a force of 63 N a distance of 25 m. Jane throws the softball with the same
amount of force, but the ball only goes 17 m. Which girl does less work?
A. They do the same amount of work.
B. Jane
C. Lisa
D. Neither girl does any work.

19. Consider the following figure!

What is the mechanical advantage of the ramp in the figure above?

A. 3/1
B. 1/3
C. 2/3
D. 3/2

20. Look at these examples of work!

i. Matthew brings a book from the library to the class.
ii. Braking makes the car slower.
iii. Grace pushes a wall.
iv. Budi pushes his broken-down motorcycle to the shop.
An example of negative work is …
A. i
B. ii
C. iii
D. iv

21. Look at the following figure!

The minimum force (F) to lift the object is…

A. 1000 N
B. 500 N
C. 250 N
D. 125 N
22. Look at this pulley!

If the load (W) is 200 N, then the mechanical advantage of the pulley is…
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

23. Look at the lever below!

If the length of lever is 120 cm, then the mechanical advantage of lever is ….
A. 1/3
B. 2/3
C. 2
D. 3

24. Consider the events below!

I. Debby is pushing his chair.
II. Jonathan is riding a bicycle.
III. Donovan is holding a book.
IV. Kanye is singing in a hall.

The correct events that indicate the work is done are….

a. I and II c. II and IV
b. II and III d. III and IV

25. An Olympic sprinter takes 4 seconds to get up to their fastest speed of 10 m/s when starting from the rest.
If the sprinter has a mass of 60 kg, then the work done by the sprinter is….
A. 100 J
B. 150 J
C. 200 J
D. 300 J