Revision Notes

Class 7 Science
Chapter 6 - Physical and Chemical Changes

● Physical and chemical changes are the two sorts of changes that might occur.
1. Physical alterations refer to changes in a substance's physical qualities. These
alterations do not result in the formation of any new compounds. These
modifications might be reversible. Crushing a can, lighting an electric bulb,
ripping paper, and mixing sand and water are just a few examples.
2. Chemical alterations occur when the substance's composition and chemical
characteristics are altered. New chemicals are created as a result of chemical
reactions. This is a permanent and irrevocable transformation. For instance, a
candle is lit, the curd is formed from milk, and fruits ripen.

● Chemical Reactions in the Real World:

1. Iron rusting: Iron rusting is the transformation of iron into iron oxide. When
iron comes into touch with water and oxygen, something happens. The process
is a sort of corrosion that happens frequently in nature.

Prevention of Rusting:
i. By Painting
ii. By Oiling and greasing
iii. By Chromium plating
iv. By Galvanizing
v. By Alloying

2. Cooking of food: Cooking breaks down complex carbs, lipids, and protein
molecules into smaller molecules.
It's thought to be a breakdown process. Food that has been prepared is easier to
digest than food that has not been cooked.

3. Decay of Organic Substances: Enzymes are produced by microorganisms

such as fungi and bacteria, which break down complex chemical materials into
simpler components. It's also referred to as a breakdown process.

● Crystallization can be used to obtain pure compounds from their solutions.

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