Hypomagnesemia

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Hypomagnesemia A serum magnesium level of less than 1.3 mEq/L.
Increased Magnesium Output and Inadequate Magnesium Intake
2 Main Risk Factors of Hypomagnesemia
if Absorption
GI Losses:
o Diarrhea
o Nasogastric suctioning
What are associated in Increased Magnesium Output?
Thiazide or Loop Diuretics
Often associated with hypocalcemia
o Malnutrition
What are associated in Inadequate Magnesium Intake if Absorp-
o Alcohol use disorder
tion?
o Laxative Use
o Muscular weakness
o Tremors
o Seizure
What are the expected findings in Neuromuscular of Hypomag- o Paresthesia
nesemia? o Tetany
o Positive Chvostek sign
o Trousseau sign
o Vertical and horizontal nystagmus
o Torsade de pointes
o Ventricular fibrillation
What are the expected findings in Cardiovascular of Hypomagne- o Enhanced digitalis toxicity
semia? o Dysrhythmias
o Tachycardia
o Hypertension
o Hypoactive bowel sounds
What are the expected findings in Gastrointestinal (GI) of Hypo- o Constipation
magnesemia? o Abdominal distention
o Paralytic ileus
What is the diagnostic procedure in hypomagnesemia? ECG: Shortened QT interval
1. Discontinue magnesium-losing medications.
2. Administer oral or IV magnesium sulfate following safety pro-
tocols. Iv route is used because IM can cause pain and tissue
damage. Oral magnesium can cause diarrhea and increase mag-
Patient-Centered Care: Nursing Care in Hypomagnesemia nesium depletion.
3. Monitor DTRs during infusion to prevent hypermagnesemia.
4. Encourage foods high in magnesium, including whole grains
and dark green vegetables.
5. Implement seizure precautions.
A state of profound hypocalcemia that can persist for prolonged
Hungry Bone Syndrome
periods, most notably after parathyroidectomy and thyroidectomy.
What are the most affected by hypomagnesemia? CNS and Cardiovascular
decreased magnesium = decreased ___________ calcium

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