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- THE OFFENDER WILL BE GIVEN A NEGATIVE SOCIAL
MS.KEYWORD LABEL THAT CAN SHAPE HIM AS INDIVIDUAL.

CLASSICAL THEORY DIFFERENTIAL ASSOCIATION THEORY

FOCUS: CRIME DISREGARD: CHILD , INSANE CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR IS NOT INHERITED BUT
LEARNED THROUGH ASSOCIATION AND
FREE WILL COMMUNICATION MOST IMPORTANT THEORY BY
EDWIN SUTHERLAND
POSITIVE – FOCUS ON THE PERSON
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY :
HOLY THREE ; LOMBROSO, GAROFALO, FERRI
LEARNED BY SOCIAL EXPERIENCE /BAD
HEDONISTIC/HEDONISM :
EXPERIENCE
PLEASURE AND AVOIDANCE OF PAIN SELF
CAPITALIST/MARXIST THEORY
CENTERED, GREEDY
RULING CLASS IN THE CAPITALIST SYSTEM ( LEAD BY
JEREMY BETHAM ;
UPPER CLASS ) NAMUMUHUNAN:
UTILITARIANISM
PROLETARIAT – LOWER CLASS
PLEASURE AND PAIN
BOURGEOIS – UPPER CLASS
GREATEST HAPPINESS PRINCIPLE BY JEREMY
INSTRUMENTALIST :
BETHAM WILLING TO TAKE RISK
UPPER CLASS CREATES LAWS TO PROTECT THEIR
RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY ; RESULT – BENEFITS (
OWN INTEREST
CHOICE ) MODERN CONCEPT OF CLASSICAL,
PSYCHODYNAMIC /PSYCHOANALYSIS THEORY
STRAIN THEORY – FRUSTRATION
THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNCONSCIOUS PERSONALITY
ANGER RESENTMENT DISPARITY
EARLY IN THE CHILDHOOD
UNDER GREAT PRESSURE THE GOAL IS BLOCK
INFLUENCES BEHAVIOR . DELINQUENTS HAVE WEAK
- FAILURE TO ACHIEVE POSITIVELY VALUES GOAL EGO AND DAMAGES PERSONALITIES.

- DELINQUENCY IS LINKED TO FRUSTRATION AND ID- PLEASURE EGO -REALITY

ANGER OF THE LOWER CLASS WHO ARE LOCKED
SUPER EGO – MORALITY
OUT OF THE ECONOMIC MAINSTREAM OF SOCIETY.
SOCIAL STRUCTURE THEORY
ANOMIE THEORY-
PEOPLE’S POSITION TO SOCIAL CLASS “INABILITY TO
EMILE DURKHEIM: FATHER OF MODERN SOCIOLOGY
BE PART OF SOCIETY”
ABSENCE OF NORMS
POOR PEOPLE ARE MORE LIKELY TO COMMIT CRIMES
NORMS ( STANDARD BEHAVIOR ) PAG WALA ANG
BECAUSE THEY ARE UNABLE TO ACHIEVE
NORMS : NORMAL ANG CRIME SOCIAL BREAKDOWN
MONETARY OF SOCIAL CLASS.
OF NORMS
SOCIAL DISORGANIZATION THEORY
NORMLESSNESS
BREAKDOWN OF SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND
-WHEN THE RULE OF LAW IS WEAKENED AND
ORGANIZATION SUCH AS SCHOOL AND FAMILY.
BECOME POWERLESS TO MAINTAIN SOCIAL
UNEMPLOYMENT, POOR SCHOOLS, BROKEN FAMILY
CONTROL, IN THIS CONDITION CRIME CAN BE
CONSIDERED NORMAL. SOCIAL CONTROL THEORY
SOCIAL REACTION THEORY / LABELING THEORY ABILITY OF SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS TO INFLUENCE
HUMAN BEHAVIOR
-SOCIETY CREATES DEVIANCE THROUGH SYSTEM OF
SOCIAL CONTROL AGENCY SOCIAL BOND THEORY ( BIAC )
“OFFICIAL INSTITUTIONS” THAT LABEL CERTAIN LIKAS KANG MASAMA, PERO DAHIL CONNECTED K SA
INDIVIDUAL AS DELINQUENT. SOCIETY DI KA GUMAGAWA NG CRIME.

The text of this manuscript, or any part and/or portion thereof, shall not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical
such as but not limited to photocopying, recording, storage in any informational retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
authors and the publisher. Any unauthorized copying, reproduction, and/or dissemination of any portion of this book shall be prosecuted in accordance with
law.
 CHAPS ONLINE/ONSITE TUTORIAL SERVICES
CRIMINOLOGY ● PENOLOGY OFFICER EXAMINATION ● FIRE OFFICER EXAMINATION ● NAPOLCOM
3rd Floor Highland Lumber Bldg., cor. Macaraig St., España Blvd., Sampaloc, Manila
Globe Contact no. (0926) – 056 – 8167; Email Address: noliboyingcad@gmail.com
TIES A PERSON TO THE INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESS STUDY OF SKULL AND RELATIONSHIP TO
OF SOCIETY. PERSONALITY

BELIEF INVOLVEMENT ATTACHMENT COMMITMENT PHYSIOGNOMY

THOSE WHO HAVE CLOSE RELATIONSHIP WITH FOCUS ON FACIAL FEATURES AND RELATION TO
THEIR PARENTS. FRIENDS AND WHO MAINTAIN A BEHAVIOR PAG PANGIT KA CRIMINAL KA.
POSITIVE SELF-IMAGE WILL BE ABLE TO RESIST THE
LURE OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR. PHYSIOLOGY/ SOMATOTYPING

CONTAINMENT THEORY ( TUKSO ) FOCUS ON PHYSICAL BUILT ( KATAWAN)

A STRONG SELF IMAGE INSULATES YOUTH FROM THE ERNEST K. WILLIAM SHELDON
PRESSURE TO ENGAGE IN ILLEGAL
ASTHENIC ECTOMORPHIC MAPAYAT
ACTS.
ATHLETHIC MESOMORPHIC MACHO (
YOUTH WITH POOR SELF-CONCEPTS AND LOW SELF PRONE TO COMMIT VIOLENCE)
ESTEEM ARE MORE LIKELY TO
PYKNIC ENDOMORHIC MATABA
ENGAGE IN CRIME. INNER VS. OUTER
SOCIOLOGY
DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT THEORY
STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
YOUTH WHO RECEIVE MORE REWARDS THAN
SOCIAL SCIENCE
PUNISHMENT FOR CONFORMING BEHAVIOR WILL BE
MOST LIKELY TO REMAIN NON DELINQUENT. CRIME IS A SOCIAL CREATION
REWARD VS PUNISHMENT CRIMINAL PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
CULTURAL TRANSMISSION STUDY OF CRIMINALITY AND PHYSICAL
CONSTITUTIONS OF MEN (HUMAN SPECIES )
CULTURE AND VALUES THAT PASSED DOWN FROM
GENERATION TO GENERATION.

SUBCULTURE CRIMINAL ETIOLOGY

GROUP THAT ARE LOOSELY PART OF DOMINANT STUDY OF CAUSE OR ORIGIN OF THE CRIME
CULTURE BUT MAINTAIN UNIQUE SET OF VALUES, PRIMARILY WITH THE STUDY OF CRIME CAUSATION
BELIEF, AND TRADITIONS. ( MABAIT SA MUNDO NG
MANYAK) CRIMINAL ECOLOGY

CULTURE CONFLICT THEORY STUDY OF CRIMINALITY AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS

WHEN THE VALUES OR SUBCULTURE CLASH WITH CRIMINAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
THOSE DOMINANT CULTURE.
STUDY OF CRIMINALITY AND RELATIONSHIP TO
DETERRENCE ENVIRONMENT (DISEASES , HEALTH PROBLEM )
CRIME CONTROL POLICIES THAT DEPEND ON THE CRIMINAL DEMOGRAPHY
FEAR OF CRIMINAL PENALTIES.
STUDY OF POPULATION AND RELATIONSHIP TO
CHOICE TO COMMIT DELINQUENT CAN BE CRIMINALITY
CONTROLLED BY THE THREAT OF PUNISHMENT.
CRIMINAL PSYCHIATRY
BIGYAN MO NG TAKOT PARA MAPIGILAN PUTOL
JUNJUN PAG NAG LOKO STUDY OF HUMAN MIND AND RELATIONSHIP TO
CRIMINALITY

CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY
CRANIOLOGY
STUDY OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND RELATIONSHIP TO
STUDY OF SKULL CRIMINALITY

PHRENOLOGY VICTIMOLOGY

The text of this manuscript, or any part and/or portion thereof, shall not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical
such as but not limited to photocopying, recording, storage in any informational retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
authors and the publisher. Any unauthorized copying, reproduction, and/or dissemination of any portion of this book shall be prosecuted in accordance with
law.
 CHAPS ONLINE/ONSITE TUTORIAL SERVICES
CRIMINOLOGY ● PENOLOGY OFFICER EXAMINATION ● FIRE OFFICER EXAMINATION ● NAPOLCOM
3rd Floor Highland Lumber Bldg., cor. Macaraig St., España Blvd., Sampaloc, Manila
Globe Contact no. (0926) – 056 – 8167; Email Address: noliboyingcad@gmail.com
STUDY OF THE ROLE OF THE VICTIM ONE WHO ACTED WITH DELIBERATION OR
PREMEDITATION
TYPE OF VICTIM:
TIME:
PRIMARY VICTIM: DIRECT VICTIM
INSTANT CRIME – MABILISAN GINAWA
SECONDARY VICTIM: INDIRECT (FAMILY)
EPISODIAL CRIME – PINAG PLANUHAN
TERTIARY OR REMOTE VICTIM: THEY BECOME
PSYCHOLOGICALLY AFFECTED BECAUSE OF RESULT:
HEARING WITNESS TESTIMONY, WATCHING
TELEVISION. ACQUISITIVE CRIME – GAIN/ BENEFITS (
NAKINABANG) THEFT
TYPES OF PEOPLE MOST LIKELY TO BE VICTIM OF
HOMICIDE: EXTINCTIVE CRIME – DESTRUCTION ( MAY NASIRA)
ARSON , MURDER
DEPRESSIVE TYPE
PLACE:
ONE WHO WAS SEEN AS EASY TARGET, CARELESS
AND UNSUSPECTING. STATIC CRIME – ONE PLACE

GREEDY TYPE CONTINUING – SEVERAL PLACE KILLING

SEEN AS EASILY DUPED BECAUSE HIS MOTIVATION SERIAL KILLING – KILLING OF A LARGE NUMBER (
FOR EASY GAIN LOWERS NATURAL TENDENCY TO BE OVER TIME ) MASS MURDER – KILLING OF A LARGE
SUSPICIOUS. NUMBER ( ONE INCIDENT )

WANTON TYPE SPREE MURDER -KILLING OF A LARGE NUMBER

WITH NO TIME BREAK AND DIFFERENT LOCATION.
IS PARTICULARLY VULNERABLE TO STRESSES THAT
OCCUR AT A GIVEN PERIOD OF TIME IN THE LIFE TYPES OF OFFENDERS BY CESARE LOMBROSO
CYCLE, SUCH AS JUVENILE VICTIMS
BORN CRIMINAL – AT LEAST 5 ATAVISTIC STIGMATA
TORMENTOR TYPE
INSANE CRIMINAL – MENTALLY ILL
THE VICTIM OF ATTACK FROM THE TARGET OF HIS
CRIMINALOID – A PERSON WHO PROJECTS A
ABUSE, SUCH AS THE BATTERED WOMAN. ( GANTI NG
RESPECTABLE, UPRIGHT FAÇADE , IN AN ATTEMPT
BABAE)
TO CONCEAL A CRIMINAL PERSONALITY.
TYPES OF ABUSER

INCOMPETENT ABUSERS

WHO ARE SIMPLY USING THE SAME TECHNIQUE TO

FAMILY
CONTROL CHILDREN THAT THEIR PARENTS USED
WITH THEM.

SITUATIONAL ABUSER FAMILY STRUCTURE:

ARE CHARACTERISTIC OF HOMES IN WHICH A NUCLEAR FAMILY
PARENT IS ABSENT FOR PROLONGED PERIOD OF
TIME AND THEN APPEAR. HUSBAND, WIFE, AND THEIR CHILDREN
NEGLECTFUL ABUSER EXTENDED FAMILY

ARE USUALLY POOR, UNEDUCATED, DEPENDENT, CONSISTING OF SEVERAL GENERATION OF BLOOD

UNEMPLOYED RELATIVES ( LOLO,LOLA, TITA AND TITO )

TYPE OF OFFENDER BASED ON ETIOLOGY JOINT FAMILY

ACUTE CRIMINAL THE MARRIED CHILDREN WITH THEIR SPOUSE AND

CHILDREN LIVING WITH ONE RESIDENCE.
ONE WHO VIOLATES CRIMINAL LAW BY IMPULSE OR
DUE TO FIT OF PASSION TRUNCATED FAMILY

CHRONIC CRIMINAL
The text of this manuscript, or any part and/or portion thereof, shall not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical
such as but not limited to photocopying, recording, storage in any informational retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
authors and the publisher. Any unauthorized copying, reproduction, and/or dissemination of any portion of this book shall be prosecuted in accordance with
law.
 CHAPS ONLINE/ONSITE TUTORIAL SERVICES
CRIMINOLOGY ● PENOLOGY OFFICER EXAMINATION ● FIRE OFFICER EXAMINATION ● NAPOLCOM
3rd Floor Highland Lumber Bldg., cor. Macaraig St., España Blvd., Sampaloc, Manila
Globe Contact no. (0926) – 056 – 8167; Email Address: noliboyingcad@gmail.com
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRANDPARENTS AND CHILD AT RISK
GRANDCHILDREN, ASSUME THE RESPONSIBILITY
WHEN THE PARENTS DIED. VULNERABLE TO AND AT THE RISK OF COMMITTING
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
BLENDED FAMILY
INTERVENTION PROGRAM
NUCLEAR FAMILIES THAT ARE THE PRODUCT OF
DIVORCE AND REMARRIAGE, BLENDING ONE PARENT SERIES OF ACTIVITIES WHICH DESIGNED TO
FROM EACH OF TWO FAMILIES AND THEIR ADDRESS ISSUES THAT CAUSED THE CHILD TO
COMBINED CHILDREN INTO ONE FAMILY UNIT. COMMIT AN OFFENSE

JUVENILE: FORMS OF INDIVIDUALIZED TREATMENT

CORPORATE MODEL EXCEED 15 AND UNDER 18 WITHOUT DISCERNMENT

THE FATHER IS THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 15 AND BELOW (EXEMPTED FROM CRIMINAL
LIABILITY)
THE MOTHER , THE OPERATING OFFICER AND
IMPLEMENTS THE FATHER’S POLICY DIVERSION

THE FATHER MAKE THE MOST , HE IS THE FINAL ALTERNATIVE, PROCESS OF DETERMINING THE
WORD. RESPONSIBILITY AND TREATMENT OF CICL WITHOUT
RESULTING TO FORMAL COURT PROCEEDINGS.
TEAM MODEL
DIVERSION PROGRAM (MANOK)
THE FATHER IS THE HEAD
PROGRAM THAT CICL REQUIRED TO UNDERGO
THE MOTHER IS THE CHIEF OF THE TRAINING TABLE AFTER HE FOUND RESPONSIBLE FOR AN OFFENSE
AND CHEERLEADER WITHOUT RESORTING TO FORMAL COURT
PROCEEDINGS. (WITHIN 45 DAYS)
IN THE TEAM FAMILY , COMPETITION IS IN THE NAME
OF THE GAME , WINNING IS EVERYTHING. EXCEED 15 BUT UNDER 18 WITH DISCERNMENT

STATUS OFFENSE

THE MILITARY MODEL ACTS MAY NOT BE PUNISHABLE LEGALLY /SOCIALLY

IF COMMITTED BY ADULT BUT BECOME ANTI-SOCIAL
THE FATHER IS THE GENERAL IF COMMITTED BY A MINOR. NAGYOYOSI
THE MOTHER IS THE GUARD DUTY WITH A SPECIAL RA 10630 – NEW LAW AMEND THE RA 9344
ASSIGNMENT TO THE NURSE CORPS WHEN NEEDED.
BAHAY PAG ASA ( EXCEED 12 BUT UNDER 15 )
PUNISHMENT IS SWIFT AND SADISM CALLED H,CRIME
CHARACTER BUILDING.
ABANDONED – INIWAN 3 BUWAN RA 9523
THE BOARDING SCHOOL MODEL
NEGLECTED – PINAPABAYAAN
THE FATHER IS THE HEAD MASTER , CHARGE OF
TRAINING THE MOTHER IS THE DORM COUNCILOR ABUSED – SINASAKTAN, INAABUSO

THE CHILDREN ARE DUTIFUL STUDENTS FOCUS ON MENTALLY ILL – MAY DIPERENSYA SA UTAK
TAUGHT AND TEST. PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED – MAY KAPANSANAN

INITIAL CONTACT WITH THE CHILD MENTALLY RETARDED – LOW MATURITY

APPREHENSION OR TAKING CUSTODY OF A CHILD IN CUSTODIAL – 0 -25%

CONFLICT WITH THE LAW
TRAINABLE – 25- 50%
YOUTHFUL OFFENDER
EDUCABLE – 50 -75 %
PD 603 (CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE CODE )
BORDERLINE – 75- 89%
CHILD IN CONFLICT WITH THE LAW
IDIOT – 2 YEARD OLD
RA 9344 (JUVENILE JUSTICE WELFARE ACT )
MORON- 7 YEAR OLD
The text of this manuscript, or any part and/or portion thereof, shall not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical
such as but not limited to photocopying, recording, storage in any informational retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
authors and the publisher. Any unauthorized copying, reproduction, and/or dissemination of any portion of this book shall be prosecuted in accordance with
law.
 CHAPS ONLINE/ONSITE TUTORIAL SERVICES
CRIMINOLOGY ● PENOLOGY OFFICER EXAMINATION ● FIRE OFFICER EXAMINATION ● NAPOLCOM
3rd Floor Highland Lumber Bldg., cor. Macaraig St., España Blvd., Sampaloc, Manila
Globe Contact no. (0926) – 056 – 8167; Email Address: noliboyingcad@gmail.com
AUTHORITARIAN PARENTS A MENTAL CONDITION WHERE THE PERSON MAY
WITHDRAW FROM REAL WORLD INTO THE WORLD OF
EXTREMELY STRICT PARENTING STYLE FANTASY
FOCUS MORE ON OBEDIENCE, DISCIPLINE CONTROL WITHDRAWAL FROM REALITY UTAK :
RATHER THAN NURTURING YOUR CHILD.
NEUROSIS
PRUDENCE
A CONDITION WHERE A PERSON COMPROMISES WITH
ABILITY TO GOVERN AND DISCIPLINE ONESELF BY REALITY BY DEVELOPING IMAGINARY AILMENTS,
MEANS OF REASON AND SOUND JUDGMENT PHOBIA OR ANXIETY
FORTITUDE BEHAVIOR:
ENDURE WITHOUT YIELDING FIRMNESS OF MIND PHOBIA
TEMPERANCE AN IRRATIONAL FEAR, INTENSE, UNCONTROLLABLE
AND MOST OF THE TIME HAS NO REASONABLE
ABILITY TO MODERATE IN ACTION, THOUGHT OR
FOUNDATION
FEELING
HALLUCINATION
ENDURANCE
WITHOUT OBJECT
ABILITY TO LAST
ABSENCE OF AN ACTUAL EXTERNAL
PATIENCE
STIMULUS MULTO:
ABILITY TO CALM IN ENDURING SITUATIONS
ILLUSION
PERSEVERANCE
WITH OBJECT
ABILITY TO GO ON DESPITE OBSTACLE OR
FALSE INTERPRETATION
OPPOSITIONS
DEMENTIA PRAECOX / SCHIZOPHRENIA
MALFEASANCE
CHARACTERIZED BY DISTURBED THINKING
PERFORMING AN ACT THAT IS PROHIBITED BY LAW
MELANCHOLIA
MISFEASANCE
DEEP SADNESS OR GLOOM
THERE IS IRREGULARITY IN THE PERFORMANCE OF
DUTY A MENTAL CONDITION MARKED BY PERSISTENT
DEPRESSION AND ILL-FOUNDED FEARS.
NON FEASANCE
CONFLICT
FAILURE OR NON-PERFORMANCE ONE’S DUTY
APPROACH – APPROACH
DISCRETION –
POSITIVE-POSITIVE
USE OF PERSONAL DECISIONS MAKING AND CHOICE
IN CARRYING OUT OPERATIONS IN THE CRIMINAL APPROACH AVOIDANCE
JUSTICE SYSTEM.
MARRIAGE /OFW ( POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE)
POLICE LIFESTYLE
AVOIDANCE – AVOIDANCE
THE PUBLIC EXPECT A POLICE OFFICER TO LIVE A
SIMPLE, YET CREDIBLE AND DIGNIFIED BOTH NEGATIVE CHOOSE THE LESSER EVIL

LIFE. RESEARCH

CAMARADERIE

BINDING SPIRIT THAT ENHANCES TEAMWORK CONCLUSION

PSYCHOSIS INTENDED TO HELP THE READER UNDERSTAND WHY

YOUR RESEARCH SHOULD MATTER TO THEM AFTER
THEY HAVE FINISHED READING PAPER
The text of this manuscript, or any part and/or portion thereof, shall not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical
such as but not limited to photocopying, recording, storage in any informational retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
authors and the publisher. Any unauthorized copying, reproduction, and/or dissemination of any portion of this book shall be prosecuted in accordance with
law.
 CHAPS ONLINE/ONSITE TUTORIAL SERVICES
CRIMINOLOGY ● PENOLOGY OFFICER EXAMINATION ● FIRE OFFICER EXAMINATION ● NAPOLCOM
3rd Floor Highland Lumber Bldg., cor. Macaraig St., España Blvd., Sampaloc, Manila
Globe Contact no. (0926) – 056 – 8167; Email Address: noliboyingcad@gmail.com
SUMMARY

TO GIVE THE READER AN OVERVIEW OF THE MAIN

POINTS OF YOUR THESIS

SYNTHESIS

SUMMARIZING AND LINKING DIFFERENT SOURCES IN

ORDER TO REVIEW THE LITERATURE ON A TOPIC.

PARTS OF THE LITERATURE REVIEWS THAT

DESCRIBE BRIEFLY THE NATURE OF THE RESEARCH
PROBLEM.

INSTRUMENTATION

THE TOOLS OR MEANS BY WHICH INVESTIGATOR

ATTEMPT TO MEASURE VARIABLES OR ITEMS OF
INTEREST IN THE DATA. ( SURVEYS, INTERVIEWS)

DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH

THE METHODS THAT DESCRIBE THE

CHARACTERISTIC OF THE VARIABLES UNDER STUDY

CORRELATION RESEARCH

A NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH METHOD WHICH

STUDIES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO
VARIABLES WITH THE HELP OF STATISTICAL
ANALYSIS ( MARRIAGE AND CANCER )

RESEARCH FRAMEWORK

ILLUSTRATE THE STRUCTURE OF THE RESEARCH

PLAN AND HELPS THE RESEARCHER FORMULATE
RELEVANT QUESTIONS.

LUPON TAGAPAMAYAPA

COMPOSED OF NOT LESS THAN 10 BUT NOT MORE

THAN 20

The text of this manuscript, or any part and/or portion thereof, shall not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical
such as but not limited to photocopying, recording, storage in any informational retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
authors and the publisher. Any unauthorized copying, reproduction, and/or dissemination of any portion of this book shall be prosecuted in accordance with
law.