Abhyasa International Residential School-Toopran

Subject: History

Revision Worksheet - 1

1. Explain the Latin origin of the term ‘medieval’.

Answer: Time in the middle.

2. Mention two fundamental principles of Christianity.

Answer: (a) Unconditional love for God.
(b) True love for one’s neighbour.

3. What role did Emperor Constantine play in the establishment of Christianity in Europe?
Answer: Constantine defeated all his rivals and established himself as the undisputed
emperor of a unified Roman Empire. He declared himself a Christian. The capital
was shifted from Rome to Constantinople, the site of the ancient city of
Byzantium.

4. Who conquered Palestine in the middle of the 1st century BCE?

Answer: In the middle of the 1st century BCE, the Romans conquered Palestine, the
homeland of the Jews.

5. Write a brief note on causes of the decline of the mighty Roman Empire.
Answer: The repeated attacks by various Germanic tribes such as the Goths, the Vandals,
and the Franks.
6. What were Crusades?
Answer: Crusades were the holy wars waged by the Christians against the Turks, who had
captured the lands of the Christian emperor of Constantinople and Jerusalem
(The holy land of Christians).

7. What effect did the barbarian invasions have on the Byzantine Empire?
Answer: The Byzantine empire attacked by the ‘barbarian tribes’, but it proved to be
more resilient than its western counterpart. It successfully withstood the
onslaughts and preserved some of the great legacies of the glorious Roman
empire.

8. Where was Prophet Muhammad born?

Answer: Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca, a small town in Arabia.

9. State the main principles of Islam.

Answer: (a) There is only one God and Muhammad is his Prophet.
(b) Muslims must pray five times a day.
(c) They must fast from dawn and dusk during Ramzan (also known as
Ramadan).
(d) They must help the poor and the needy and give away a part of their wealth
in charity.
(e) They must make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their lifetime.

10. What does the term ‘Hijrat’ mean?

Answer: Hijrat means the departure of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in
622 CE.
11. Briefly describe the role of Abu Bakr in the spread of Islam.
Answer: Abu Bakr mobilized and transformed the Arabs into an excellent fighting force.
He and his successors inspired the Arab armies to sweep across countries and
Continents and carry the word of Allah through the world.

12. What important event took place in Muhammad’s life around 610 CE?
Answer: Around 610 CE, he had a vision of Angel Gabriel (Jibreel) who revealed God’s
divine message to him. Muhammad, the prophet, carried the word of God or
Allah to the people of Mecca.

13. What is the significance of the defeat of Prithviraj in the second Battle of Tarain?
Answer: The defeat of Prithviraj marked the end of Rajput rule in north India. The
Kingdom of Delhi passed into the hands of Muhammad Ghori. The throne of
Delhi was occupied by Muslims rulers from then till 1858 CE.

14. Give any four reasons to prove that Iltutmish was shrewd, clever and a capable ruler.
Answer: The four reasons to prove that Iltutmish was shrewd, clever and a capable ruler
Such s follows:-
(a) The Turkish nobles who had challenged his claim to the throne were
suppressed.
(b) The revolt of Khilji governor of Bengal was crushed.
(c) The power of his external rivals, the rulers of Ghanzi and Multan was
destroyed.
(d) Iltutmish defeated the Rajput rulers of Ujjain, Ranthambore, Malwa and
Gwalior. He brought the whole of north India, up to his control.
15. Write a brief note on Ghiyasuddin Balban.
Answer: Nasiruddin died in 1266 CE and Balban ascended the throne of Delhi and ruled
for 20 years (1266-1286). Sultan Ghiyasuddin Balban was an experienced and a
capable ruler. He believed in the theory of divine kingship, i.e. the king was
God’s representative on earth. It is said that Balban never smiled and no one was
allowed to laugh or joke in his court.

16. Mention the Market control policy of Alauddin khilji.

Answer: To compensate for the reduced salaries of the soldiers and the heavy taxes
Imposed on the peasants, price control was introduced.
(a) Alauddin set up three markets in Delhi—one for food grains, the second for
expensive items such as sugar and dry fruits, and the third for horses, slaves
and cattle.
(b) The prices of all commodities were fixed and prices of essential items were
kept low.
(c) Market officers were appointed to keep a strict watch on the prices, the
weights used and the activities of the traders.
(d) State warehouses were set up and stocked with food grains, which were
released whenever there was a famine or a shortage.

17. How did Alauddin protect the Delhi sultanate from repeated Mongol invasions?
Answer: Alauddin protect the Delhi sultanate from repeated Mongol invasions such as
follows:-
(a) The forts along the route of Mongol attacks were repaired and the frontier
provinces were placed under the best generals.
(b) The army was reorganized and strengthed.
(c) Mongol leaders were captured and trampled to death by elephants.
(d) The forts along the route of Mongol attacks were repaired and the frontier
Provinces were placed under the best generals.
18. Why was the capital transferred from Delhi to Daulatabad during Muhammad Bin
Tughlaq’s reign? Explain the consequences of this project.
Answer: The capital transferred from Delhi to Daulatabad during Muhammad Bin
Tughlaq’s reign such as follows:-
(a) Central Location:- With the expansion of the Delhi Sultanate into the Deccan,
Devagiri happened to be centrally located and nearly
equidistant from Delhi and other other important places
in the Tughlaq empire.
(b) Mongol invasions:- Repeated Mongol attacks posed a great threat to Delhi.
Daulatabad, on other hand, was at a safe distance from
the invaders.

19. How did Alauddin Khilji win over the rebellious nobles after capturing the throne?
Answer: Alauddin Khilji win over the rebellious nobles after capturing the throne such as
Follows:-
(a) The nobles were not allowed to intermarry without his permission. No parties
could be organized by the nobles without the prior consent of the sultan.
Thus, the nobles were denied the opportunity of interfacing with each other
and conspiring against him.
(b) An elaborate and efficient spy system was set up. The nobles could not move
about freely.
(c) An elaborate and efficient spy system was set up. The nobles could not move
about freely. Everything they did in public places as well as in their homes
Was promptly reported to the sultan.
20. Mention the rule five dynasties of Delhi sultanate.
Answer: (a) Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty
(b) Khilji Dynasty
(c) Tughlaq Dynasty
(d) Sayyad Dynasty
(e) Lodi Dynasty