Second Differentiation 15

𝑑2 𝑦
‫ هو عبارة عن‬... " " ‫ 𝑦" أو‬′′ " ‫ أو التفاضلة الثانية‬Second Differentiation‫الــ‬

Differentiation
𝑑𝑥 2
‫ مرتين‬Function‫ للــ‬Differentiation ‫أننا نعمل‬

𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
′
𝒅𝒚 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 ′′ 𝒅𝟐 𝒚
𝒚→ 𝒚 = → 𝒚 =
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙𝟐

Ex. 053

𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡−𝟏 𝒙𝟑

Answer.
1
𝑦′ = 𝑥 2 . 3𝑥 2 + sinh−1 𝑥 3 . 2𝑥
√1 + 𝑥6
3𝑥 4
𝑦′ = + 2𝑥 sinh−1 𝑥 3
√1 + 𝑥6
1
√1 + 𝑥 6 . [12𝑥 3 ] − 3𝑥 4 . [ . (6𝑥 5 )]
2√1 + 𝑥 6 1
𝑦 ′′ = 6
+ 2𝑥 . 3𝑥 2
1+𝑥 √1 + 𝑥 6
+ 2 sinh−1 𝑥 3

Ex. 054
𝟒
𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧(𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏) + 𝒆𝒙

Answer.
1 𝑥4
𝑦′ =2
⋅ 2𝑥 + 𝑒 ⋅ 4𝑥 3
𝑥 +1
2𝑥 4
= 2 + 4𝑥 3 𝑒 𝑥
𝑥 +1

′′
(𝑥 2 + 1)(2) − (2𝑥)(2𝑥) 3 𝑥4 3 𝑥4
𝑦 = 2 2
+ 4(𝑥 𝑒 ⋅ 4𝑥 + 𝑒 ⋅ 3𝑥 2 )
(𝑥 + 1)
‫‪Implicit Differentiation‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬

‫خلي بالك‬

‫‪Differentiation‬‬
‫‪ ...‬مش كل الــ ‪ Function‬بتكون مكتوبة علي هيئة‬

‫𝑥ــات = 𝑦‬

‫ممكن الــ ‪ Function‬تكون مكتوبة علي هيئة معادلة بين " 𝑥" و "𝑦" ‪ ...‬زي كدة‬

‫‪x 2 + y sin x = x 3 ln y + y 4 ex‬‬

‫شايفين أن الــ"𝑦" مش لوحدها في طرف ‪ ...‬ده متدخلة مع الــ"‪ "x‬في معادلة ‪...‬‬
‫النوع ده من الــ‪ Functions‬أســـمه ‪... Implicit function‬‬

‫نعمل للــ ‪ Functions‬ده ‪ ... Differentiation‬؟؟؟‬ ‫أزاي ‪...‬‬

‫ح نعمل ‪ Differentiation‬للطرفين ‪ ..‬ببحيث أننا لم نعمل ‪Differentiation‬‬
‫للــ 𝑥ــات ‪ ...‬نعمله عادي جدا بنفس ال‪ Rules‬اللي درسناها ‪ ...‬لكن بالنسبة للــ𝑦ـــات ‪...‬‬
‫باردوا هنعمل الـ‪ Differentiation‬عادي جدا لكن نزود جنبه "‪ ..."y′‬زي كدة‬

‫‪𝑥 4 → 4𝑥 3‬‬
‫‪𝑦 4 → 4𝑦 3 𝑦 ′‬‬
‫𝑥 𝑠𝑜𝑐 → 𝑥 𝑛𝑖𝑠‬
‫‪𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑦 → 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦 𝑦 ′‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫→ 𝑥 𝑛𝑙‬
‫𝑥‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪𝑙𝑛 𝑦 → 𝑦 ′‬‬
‫𝑦‬
‫𝑥𝑒 → 𝑥𝑒‬
‫‪𝑒 𝑦 → 𝑒 𝑦 𝑦′‬‬
‫‪𝑥→1‬‬
‫‪𝑦 → 𝑦′‬‬

‫بعد كدة ‪ ...‬نعمل عمليات جبرية ‪...‬بهدف أننا نجيب "‪ "y′‬في طرف لوحده ‪...‬‬
Problems 17

Ex. 055

Differentiation
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟑 = 𝟓𝒙𝒚𝟐

Answer.
𝑑
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 3 = 5𝑥𝑦 2
𝑑𝑥
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ = 5𝑥. 2𝑦𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 2 . 5𝑥
3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ − 10𝑥𝑦𝑦 ′ = 5𝑥𝑦 2 − 2𝑥
𝑦 ′ (3𝑦 2 − 10𝑥𝑦) = 5𝑥𝑦 2 − 2𝑥

5𝑥𝑦 2 − 2𝑥
𝑦′ = 2
3𝑦 − 10𝑥𝑦

Ex. 056
𝟐
𝐱 𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝐲 + 𝐲 𝟑 𝐞𝐱 = 𝐱 𝟑 + 𝐥𝐧 𝐲
Answer.
2 d
x 2 sin y + y 3 ex = x 3 + ln y
dx
2 2 1
x 2 cos y y ′ + sin y . 2x + y 3 . ex . 2x + ex . 3y 2 y ′ = 3x 2 + y′
y
1 2 2
x 2 cos y y ′ − y ′ + ex . 3y 2 y ′ = 3x 2 − 2xy 3 ex − 2x sin y
y
1 2 2
y ′ (x 2 cos y − + ex . 3y 2 ) = 3x 2 − 2xy 3 ex − 2x sin y
y
2
′
3x 2 − 2xy 3 ex − 2x sin y
y =
1 2
x 2 cos y − + ex . 3y 2
y
Ex. 057
𝟐𝐲𝟑
𝐱 𝟐 + 𝐞𝐱 = 𝐲 𝟑 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡(𝟐𝐱 + 𝐲 𝟐 )
Answer.
 2 y3 d 18
x 2 + ex = y 3 + sinh(2x + y 2 )
dx
2𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 (𝑥 2 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 3 2𝑥 ) = 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ + cosh(2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 ) . (2 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ )

Differentiation
2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 3𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 𝑦 ′ + 2𝑥𝑦 3 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 = 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ + 2 cosh(2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 ) + 𝑦 cos(2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 ) 𝑦′
𝑥 2 3𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 𝑦 ′ − 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 cosh(2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 ) 𝑦 ′
= 2 cosh(2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 ) − 2𝑥𝑦 3 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥
𝑦 ′ (𝑥 2 3𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑦 2 − 𝑦 cosh(2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 )) = 2 cosh(2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 ) − 2𝑥𝑦 3 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥

′
2 cosh(2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 ) − 2𝑥𝑦 3 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥
𝑦 = 2 2 𝑥𝑦
𝑥 3𝑦 𝑒 − 3𝑦 2 − 𝑦 cosh(2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 )

Ex. 058

𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝒙 + 𝒚) = 𝒆𝒙−𝒚

Answer.

− sin(𝑥 + 𝑦). [1 + 𝑦 ′ ] = 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 . [1 − 𝑦 ′ ]

𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 𝑦 ′ − sin(𝑥 + 𝑦) 𝑦 ′ = 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 + sin (𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝑦 ′ (𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 − sin(𝑥 + 𝑦)) = 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 + sin (𝑥 + 𝑦)

′
𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 + sin(𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝑦 = 𝑥−𝑦
𝑒 − sin(𝑥 + 𝑦)

Ex. 059

𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 + 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝒙𝟐 = 𝐥𝐧(𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 )

Answer.
1
𝑥 2 . 2𝑦 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 2 . 2𝑥 + sec 𝑥 2 tan 𝑥 2 . 2𝑥 = 2 2
[2𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ ] ÷2
𝑥 +𝑦
𝑥 𝑦
𝑥 2 𝑦 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 2 𝑥 + 𝑥 sec 𝑥 2 tan 𝑥 2 = + 𝑦′
𝑥 2 + 𝑦2 𝑥 2 + 𝑦2
𝑦 𝑥
𝑥 2𝑦 𝑦′ − 2 2
𝑦 ′
= 2 2
− 𝑦 2 𝑥 − 𝑥 sec 𝑥 2 tan 𝑥 2
𝑥 +𝑦 𝑥 +𝑦
 𝑦 𝑥
𝑦 ′ [𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2 2
] = 2 2
− 𝑦 2 𝑥 − 𝑥 sec 𝑥 2 tan 𝑥 2 19
𝑥 +𝑦 𝑥 +𝑦
𝑥
− 𝑦 2 𝑥 − 𝑥 sec 𝑥 2 tan 𝑥 2

Differentiation
𝑥2 + 𝑦2
𝑦′ = 𝑦
𝑥2𝑦 − 2
𝑥 + 𝑦2

Ex. 060

𝒚𝟑 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 √𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 (𝒆𝟑𝒙 ) = 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝐡(𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 )

Answer.
1 3 𝑑
𝑦 log10 (𝑥 2 + 1) + sin−1 (𝑒 3𝑥 ) = sech(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )
2 𝑑𝑥
1 3 1 1 3 1
𝑦 2 ⋅ (2𝑥 ) + log10 (𝑥 2 + 1) ⋅ 𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ + (𝑒 3𝑥 3)
2 𝑥 + 1 ln 10 2 √1 − (𝑒 3𝑥 )2
= − sech(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) tanh(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) (2𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ )

3
1 1 3 2 2 ′
𝑒 3𝑥 3
𝑥𝑦 2 ⋅ + 𝑦 log10 (𝑥 + 1) 𝑦 +
𝑥 + 1 ln 10 2 √1 − 𝑒 6𝑥
= −2𝑥 sech(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) tanh(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )
− 2𝑦 sech(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) tanh(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) 𝑦 ′
3 2
𝑦 log10 (𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑦 ′ + 2𝑦 sech(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) tanh(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) 𝑦 ′
2
2 2 2 2
𝑒 3𝑥 3 1 1
= −2𝑥 sech(𝑥 + 𝑦 ) tanh(𝑥 + 𝑦 ) − − 𝑥𝑦 3 2 ⋅
√1 − 𝑒 6𝑥 𝑥 + 1 ln 10
3
𝑦 ′ ( 𝑦 2 log10 (𝑥 2 + 1) + 2𝑦 sech(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) tanh(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ))
2
2 2 2 2
𝑒 3𝑥 3 1 1
= −2𝑥 sec(𝑥 + 𝑦 ) tanh(𝑥 + 𝑦 ) − − 𝑥𝑦 3 2 ⋅
√1 − 𝑒 6𝑥 𝑥 + 1 ln 10

2 2) 2 2) 𝑒 3𝑥 3 1 1
−2𝑥 sec(𝑥 + 𝑦 tanh(𝑥 + 𝑦 − − 𝑥𝑦 3 2 ⋅
′ √1 − 𝑒 6𝑥 𝑥 + 1 ln 10
𝑦 =
3 2
𝑦 log10 (𝑥 2 + 1) + 2𝑦 sech(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) tanh(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )
2
Logarithmic Differentiation 20

‫" الطرفين قبل ما‬ln" ‫ بيكون لازم ناخذ‬... Differentiation‫في بعض مسائل الــ‬

Differentiation
‫ وهما حالتين‬... Differentiation‫نعمل الـ‬

Case1:
𝒈(𝒙)
𝒚 = (𝒇(𝒙))
‫ زي كدة‬... ‫ الأتيني فيهم 𝑥 ــــات‬Base ‫ وال‬Power‫عندما يكون في الــ‬

y = x sin x , y = (tan x)ln x

Problems

Ex. 061

𝒚 = 𝒙𝒙

Answer.

y = xx
ln y = ln x x
d
ln y = x. ln x
dx
1 ′ 1
y = x. + ln x . 1
y x
y ′ = (1 + ln x)y

y ′ = (1 + ln x)𝑥 𝑥

Ex. 062

𝐲 = (𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝐱)𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐱

Answer.

y = (sin x)cos x
ln y = ln((sin x)cos x )
 ln y = cos x . ln sin x 21
1 ′ 1
y = cos x . [cos x] + ln sin x . [− sin x]
y sin x

Differentiation
′
cos2 x
y =[ − sin x ln sin x] y
sin x

′
cos2 x
y =[ − sin x ln sin x] (sin x)cos x
sin x
Ex. 063
𝐲 = 𝐱 𝐥𝐧 𝐱
Answer.
y = x ln x

ln y = ln x ln x
ln y = ln x . ln x
d
ln y = (ln x)2
dx
1 ′ 1
. y = 2(ln x)
y x

2 ln x
y′ = y
x

Ex. 064

𝐲 = (𝐱 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐱)𝟏+𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐱

Answer.
y = (x + cos x)1+tan x
ln y = ln(x + cos x)1+tan x
ln y = (1 + tan x) ln(x + cos x)
1 ′ 1
y = (1 + tan x). [1 − sin x] + ln(x + cos x) . sec 2 x
y x + cos x
1 − sin x
y ′ = [(1 + tan x). + ln(x + cos x) . sec 2 x] 𝑦
x + cos x
Ex. 065 22
𝒚 = (𝟏 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 )𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡 𝟑𝒙

Differentiation
Answer.

𝑦 = (1 + 2𝑥 2 )sinh 3𝑥

ln 𝑦 = ln(1 + 2𝑥 2 )sinh 3𝑥
ln 𝑦 = sinh 3𝑥 . ln(1 + 2𝑥 2 )
1 ′ 1
. 𝑦 = sinh 3𝑥 . + ln(1 + 2𝑥 2 ). cosh 3𝑥 . 3
𝑦 4𝑥

sinh 3𝑥
𝑦′ = [ + 3 cosh 3𝑥 ln(1 + 2𝑥 2 )] 𝑦
4𝑥

Ex. 066

𝒚 = (𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝒙)𝐜𝐨𝐭 𝒙

Answer.

ln 𝑦 = ln(sin−1 𝑥 )cot 𝑥 = cot 𝑥 ln (sin−1 𝑥)

1 ′ 1 1
𝑦 = cot 𝑥 . [ −1 . ] + ln(sin−1 𝑥 ) . [− csc 2 𝑥]
𝑦 sin 𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2
cot 𝑥
𝑦′ = ( − csc 2 𝑥 ln(sin−1 𝑥 )) 𝑦
sin−1 𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2
Ex. 067

𝒚 = [𝐜𝐬𝐜 𝒙𝟑 ]𝐥𝐧 𝟒𝒙
Answer.

ln 𝑦 = ln[csc 𝑥 3 ]ln 4𝑥 = ln(4𝑥 ) . ln(csc 𝑥 3 )

1 ′ 1 3 3 2) 3)
1
𝑦 = ln(4𝑥 ) . [ (− csc 𝑥 cot 𝑥 . 3𝑥 ] + ln (csc 𝑥 [ . 4]
𝑦 csc 𝑥 3 4𝑥

′ 2
ln(csc 𝑥 3 )
3
𝑦 = (−3𝑥 ln 4𝑥 cot 𝑥 + )𝑦
𝑥
Case2: 23
... ‫ كتيير زي كدة‬Powers ‫عندما تكون "𝑦" عبارة عن حاصل ضرب وقسمة و‬

Differentiation
( ⊞ )7 (⊠ )5
𝑦=
(⊡)11 (⊟)3
Problems

Ex. 068

𝒙𝟒 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟕 𝒙
𝒚= 𝟐
𝒆𝒙 (𝟏 + 𝒙𝟑 )𝟔

Answer.

𝑥 4 sin7 𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑥2
𝑒 (1 + 𝑥 3 )6
𝑥 4 sin7 𝑥
ln 𝑦 = ln 𝑥 2
𝑒 (1 + 𝑥 3 )6
2
ln 𝑦 = ln(𝑥 4 sin7 𝑥 ) − ln( 𝑒 𝑥 (1 + 𝑥 3 )6 )
2
ln 𝑦 = ln 𝑥 4 + ln sin7 𝑥 − ln 𝑒 𝑥 − ln(1 + 𝑥 3 )6

ln 𝑦 = 4ln 𝑥 + 7 ln sin 𝑥 − x 2 −6 ln(1 + 𝑥 3 )

1 ′ 1 1 1
𝑦 = 4. + 7. . cos 𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 6 3
. 3𝑥 2
𝑦 𝑥 sin 𝑥 1+𝑥

′
4 cos 𝑥 18𝑥 2
𝑦 =( +7 − 2𝑥 − )𝑦
𝑥 sin 𝑥 1 + 𝑥3

Ex. 069

𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟒 𝒙 . 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝒙
𝒚= 𝟑
(𝒙 + 𝟑𝒙)𝟒 . 𝒆𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙

Answer.
 tan4 𝑥 . sin−1 𝑥 24
𝑦= 3
(𝑥 + 3𝑥 )4 . 𝑒 cos 𝑥
tan4 𝑥 . sin−1 𝑥

Differentiation
ln 𝑦 = ln 3
(𝑥 + 3𝑥 )4 . 𝑒 cos 𝑥
ln 𝑦 = ln tan4 𝑥 + ln sin−1 𝑥 − ln(𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 )4 − ln 𝑒 cos 𝑥
ln 𝑦 = 4 ln tan 𝑥 + ln sin−1 𝑥 − ln(𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 )4 − cos 𝑥
1 ′ 1 1 1 1
𝑦 =4 sec 2 𝑥 + −1 . − 3 . (3𝑥 2 + 3) + sin 𝑥
𝑦 tan 𝑥 sin 𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑥 − 3𝑥

′
sec 2 𝑥 1 3𝑥 2 + 3
𝑦 = (4 + − + sin 𝑥) 𝑦
tan 𝑥 sin−1 𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥

Ex. 070
𝟒
𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟑 𝒙 √𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐
𝒚= 𝟕
𝟐
𝒆𝒙 (𝒙𝟒 + 𝟐
𝟐𝒙 𝟓)
Answer.
4
sec 3 𝑥 √𝑥 2 + 2
ln 𝑦 = ln 7
2
𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 2 )5
1 2 7
ln 𝑦 = ln sec 3 𝑥 + ln(𝑥 2 + 2)4 − ln 𝑒 𝑥 − ln(𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 2 )5
1 7
ln 𝑦 = 3 ln sec 𝑥 + ln(𝑥 2 + 2) − 𝑥 2 − ln(𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 2 )
4 5
1 ′ 1 1 1 7 1
𝑦 =3 [sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥 ] + 2
. [ 2𝑥 ] − 2𝑥 − . 4 2
. [4𝑥 3 + 4𝑥]
𝑦 sec 𝑥 4𝑥 + 2 5 𝑥 + 2𝑥

′
𝑥 7 4𝑥 3 + 4𝑥
𝑦 = (3 tan 𝑥 + − 2𝑥 − . 4 )𝑦
2(𝑥 2 + 2) 5 𝑥 + 2𝑥 2

Ex. 071

𝒚 = (𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟏𝟎 (𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝒙 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙)𝟖 (𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏)𝟓

Answer.
 ln 𝑦 = 10 ln((tan 𝑥 )2 + 1) + 8 ln(log10 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 ) + 5 ln(𝑥 2 + 1) 25
1 ′ 1 2 ]
1 1
𝑦 = 10. . [ 2 (tan 𝑥 ) sec 𝑥 + 8. [ ln 10 + cos 𝑥]
𝑦 tan2 𝑥 + 1 (log10 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 ) 𝑥

Differentiation
1
+5 2 . 2𝑥
𝑥 +1
1
20 tan 𝑥 sec 2
𝑥 ln 10 + cos 𝑥 10𝑥
′
𝑦 = (1 + 8 𝑥 + )𝑦
tan2 𝑥 + 1 (log10 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 ) 𝑥 2 + 1

Ex. 072

𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟒 𝒙 . 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝒙
𝒚= 𝟑
(𝒙 + 𝟑𝒙)𝟒 . 𝟕𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙

Answer.

tan4 𝑥 . sin−1 𝑥
𝑦= 3
(𝑥 + 3𝑥 )4 . 7cos 𝑥
tan4 𝑥 . sin−1 𝑥
ln 𝑦 = ln 3
(𝑥 + 3𝑥 )4 . 7cos 𝑥
ln 𝑦 = ln tan4 𝑥 + ln sin−1 𝑥 − ln(𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 )4 − ln 7cos 𝑥
ln 𝑦 = 4 ln tan 𝑥 + ln sin−1 𝑥 − ln(𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 )4 − cos 𝑥 ln 7
1 ′ 1 1 1 1
𝑦 =4⋅ sec 2 𝑥 + −1 . − 3 . (3𝑥 2 + 3) + sin 𝑥 ln 7
𝑦 tan 𝑥 sin 𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑥 − 3𝑥

′
4 sec 2 𝑥 1 1 3𝑥 2 + 3
𝑦 =( + −1 . − + sin 𝑥 ln 7) 𝑦
tan 𝑥 sin 𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥

Ex. 073
𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐 𝒙 ⋅ 𝒆𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙
𝒚=
𝒙𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙
Answer.
ln 𝑦 = 2 ln(tan 𝑥) + sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 ⋅ ln 𝑥
1 1 1
𝑦=2 sec 2 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 ⋅ + ln 𝑥 (− sin 𝑥 )
𝑦 tan 𝑥 𝑥
Chain Rule 26

‫ في‬Function ‫ و" 𝑥" كانت‬... 𝑦 = sin 𝑡 ... ‫ مثلا‬... "𝑡" ‫ في‬function ‫لو "𝑦" كانت‬

Differentiation
‫ في " 𝑥" ولكن‬Function ‫ طبعا "𝑦" ح تكون‬... 𝑥 = 𝑡 + ln 𝑡 ... ‫مثلا‬.. ‫"𝑡" أيضا‬
.... "𝑑𝑦/𝑑𝑥 " ‫ عايزين نحسب‬... ‫بطريقة غير مباشرة‬

′
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡
𝑦 = = ⋅
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥
‫ يمكن حسابه من العلاقة‬Second Derivative‫في حالة أذا طلب الــ‬.. ‫أيضا‬

𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑡
′′
𝑦 = = ⋅
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥
Problems
𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝟐 𝒚
Ex. 081 Find and for the function
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙𝟐

𝟏 𝟏
𝒚 = 𝒕𝟐 + , 𝒙=𝒕+
𝒕𝟐 𝒕
Answer.
𝑑𝑦
𝑦 = 𝑡 2 + 𝑡 −2 → = 2𝑡 − 2𝑡 −3
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 = 𝑡 + 𝑡 −1 → = 1 − 𝑡 −2
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦⁄
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡 2𝑡 − 2𝑡 −3 2𝑡(1 − 𝑡 −4 ) 2𝑡(1 − 𝑡 −2 )(1 + 𝑡 −2 )
= = = =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥⁄ 1 − 𝑡 −2 1 − 𝑡 −2 1 − 𝑡 −2
𝑑𝑡
= 2𝑡(1 + 𝑡 −2 ) = 2𝑡 + 2𝑡 −1
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑 (𝑦 ′ ) 𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑡
= = .
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 −2 )
1
= (2 − 2𝑡 .
𝑑𝑥 2 2𝑡 + 2𝑡 −1
 𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝟐 𝒚
Ex. 082 Find and for the function 27
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙𝟐

𝒚 = 𝜽 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙 = 𝟏 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽

Differentiation
Answer.
𝑑𝑦
= 1 + sin 𝜃
𝑑𝜃
𝑑𝑥
= cos 𝜃
𝑑𝜃
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝜃 1 + sin 𝜃
= =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 cos 𝜃
𝑑𝜃
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝜃 cos 𝜃 . [cos 𝜃 ] − (1 + sin 𝜃 )[− sin 𝜃 ]
= = . =
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝜃 𝑑𝑥 cos2 𝜃
Ex. 083

𝒙 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝒕 , 𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧(𝟏 + 𝒆𝒕 )
Answer.
𝑑𝑥 1
=
𝑑𝑡 √1 − 𝑡 2
𝑑𝑦 1
= 𝑡
. 𝑒𝑡
𝑑𝑡 1 + 𝑒
𝑑𝑦⁄ 𝑒𝑡
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡 1 + 𝑒 𝑡 𝑒 𝑡 √1 − 𝑡 2
= = =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥⁄ 1 1 + 𝑒𝑡
𝑑𝑡
√1 − 𝑡 2
Ex. 085 If

𝒙 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡−𝟏 (𝟐𝒕) , 𝒚 = √𝟏 + 𝟒𝒕𝟐

𝒅𝒚
show that = sinh 𝑥
𝒅𝒙

Answer.
 𝑑𝑥 1 28
= 2
𝑑𝑡 √1 + (2𝑡)2
𝑑𝑦 1

Differentiation
= (8𝑡)
𝑑𝑡 2√1 + 4𝑡 2
4𝑡
𝑑𝑦 √1 + 4𝑡 2
= = 2𝑡 = sinh 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
√1 + 4𝑡 2
𝒅𝒚
Ex. 086 Show that = 𝟐 tan 𝑥
𝒅𝒙

𝒙 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (𝒆𝒕 ) , 𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧(𝟏 + 𝒆𝟐𝒕 )

Answer.
𝑑𝑥 1
= 𝑡 2
𝑒𝑡
𝑑𝑡 1 + (𝑒 )
𝑑𝑦 1
= 2𝑡
𝑒 2𝑡 2
𝑑𝑡 1 + 𝑒
2𝑒 2𝑡
𝑑𝑦 1 + 𝑒 2𝑡
= 𝑡 = 2𝑒 𝑡 = 2 tan 𝑥
𝑑𝑡 𝑒
1 + 𝑒 2𝑡
𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝟐 𝒚
Ex. 087 Find and for the function
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙𝟐

𝒙 = 𝒂 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟑 𝒖 , 𝒚 = 𝒃 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟑 𝒖
Answer.
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 = 𝑏(cos 𝑢)3 → = −3𝑏 cos2 𝑢 sin 𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑦
𝑦 = 𝑎(sin 𝑢)3 → = 3𝑎 sin2 𝑢 cos 𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑦⁄
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 3𝑎 sin2 𝑢 cos 𝑢
= =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥⁄ −3𝑏 cos2 𝑢 sin 𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑎 sin 𝑢
=−
𝑏 cos 𝑢
 𝑎
= − tan 𝑢 29
𝑏
𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑢
′′
𝑦 = ⋅

Differentiation
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑎 1
= − sec 2 𝑢 ⋅
𝑏 −3𝑏 cos2 𝑢 sin 𝑢
𝑎
= 2 sec 4 𝑢 csc 𝑢
3𝑏
𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝟐 𝒚
Ex. 088 Find and for the function
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙𝟐

𝒙 = 𝟐 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝒕 , 𝒚 = 𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒕

Answer.
𝑑𝑥
= 2 sec 2 𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
= 2 cos 𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡 1
= ⋅ = 2 cos 𝑡 ⋅ 2
= cos3 𝑡
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 2 sec 𝑡
𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑡
′′
𝑦 = = ⋅
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥
1 3
= 3 cos2 𝑡 (− sin 𝑡) 2
= − cos4 𝑡 sin 𝑡
2 sec 𝑡 2
𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝟐 𝒚
Ex. 089 Find and for the function
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙𝟐

𝒚 = √𝟏 + 𝒕 𝟐 𝒙 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡−𝟏 𝒕

Answer.
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑡
= ⋅ 2𝑡 =
𝑑𝑡 √1 + 𝑡 2 √1 + 𝑡 2
𝑑𝑥 1
=
𝑑𝑡 √1 + 𝑡 2
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡 𝑡
𝑦′ = = ⋅ = ⋅ √1 + 𝑡 2 = 𝑡
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 √1 + 𝑡 2

′′
𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑡
𝑦 = = ⋅ = 1 ⋅ √1 + 𝑡 2 = √1 + 𝑡 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥