Module Title: Fitness and Wellness for All

Course Title: Movement Enhancement

Course Number: PE 111
Course Description: This course provides training in different movement patterns and core
engagement in conjunction with principles of healthy eating and a physically active life. Students
will be able to adapt and transfer the movement competency in different contexts (i.e. use of
training equipment).
Total Learning Time: Two (2) units / two (2) hours per week
Pre-requisites (if there’s any): None

Overview:
Some decades ago, people were strong and healthy because they were used to walking
long distances and would have to perform every household chore. In the recent decades, the
growth of technology in very fast manners has decreased man’s effort in every walk of life.
Earlier, the life of our ancestors was good and their lifestyle was very healthy. Nowadays, most
people of any age group suffer from one or more diseases like high blood pressure, heart attack,
stress-related disease, etc. in order to keep ourselves physically, mentally, emotionally, socially,
and intellectually healthy, we need to be active and energetic on a daily basis by having a well-
maintained diet, doing exercise, positive thinking and systematic good habits. People needs a
disciplined walk in life.
People believed that the school will teach them how to live a better living. A fitness and
wellness course will educate you how to live quality life and live your life to its fullest potential.
Real success is not about having a lot of money. Having a good living will not help unless one
lives a wellness lifestyle. The most important factor that affects one’s personal well-being is our
lifestyle.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
1. define Physical Education;
2. discuss the history of Physical Education;
3. describe healthy lifestyle habit;
4. discuss concepts on physical fitness and wellness;
5. assess personal lifestyle in consonance with the prescribed norms;
6. internalize the benefits of having a healthy lifestyle; and
7. carry out lifelong learning and continuous professional development.

Indicative Content:
1. Definition of Physical Education and It’s Importance
2. History of Physical Education
3. Concepts on Physical Fitness and Wellness
4. Factors in Achieving Fitness and Wellness
5. Fitness and Wellness Assessment

Discussion:

THE NATURE, CONCEPTS, AND OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

For about a century, many people have been confused about the term physical education,
and are not exactly sure about the term and what physical teachers do. Even college students,
who have chosen physical education as their major field shared this confusion. Despite this
confusion, physical education has been accepted as part of the curriculum in all schools. What is
important is that physical education is one subject that is well-taught and well-accepted.
Within the past decades, dramatic changes have occurred in the field of physical
education and sport. Contemporary physical education and sport has expanded to include persons
of all ages and abilities. Involvement in carefully designed programs can enhance the health and
quality of life of the learners.

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 THE LEGALITY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Article 1, International Charter of Physical Education and Sports, UNESCO, Paris, 1978
and Recommendation 1, International Disciplinary Regional Meeting of Experts on Physical
Education, UNESCO, Brisbane, 1982 –
“The practice of physical education and sport is a fundamental right of all . . . . “
“And this right should not be treated as different in principle from the right to adequate
food, shelter, and medical care.”
Article XIV, Section 19 of 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines –
“The state shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs, league
competitions and amateur sports including training for international competition to foster self-
discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry.”

MEANING OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Physical Education has been defined in so many ways. According to the PE 1 workbook
for tertiary level made by Eviza, et. al. (2007), Lumpkin (2002) defined Physical Education as a
process through which an individual obtains optimal mental, social, and fitness skills through
physical activities while Ravelo (1972) had the concepts of P.E. as an education through or by
means of physical activities. Likewise, Eviza emphasized that P.E. is a planned sequential
instruction that promotes lifelong physical activity. It is designed to develop basic movement
skills, sports skills, and physical fitness as well as to enhance mental, social, and emotional
abilities.
Dr. Carmen Tabije Andin (1978) defined P.E. as an integral part of the education
program designed to promote the optimum development of an individual physically,
emotionally, mentally, and socially through total body movements in the performance of
properly selected physical activities. Further, she explained that P.E offers unique opportunities
for the development of the individual who can easily find himself fit to live in the New Society
as well as to contribute to his maximum capacity in the service of his fellowmen, his country,
and above all, his God.
Physical Education provides students with the knowledge and skills necessary to perform
a variety of physical activities, to maintain physical fitness, and to value as well as to enjoy
physical activity as an ongoing part of a healthy lifestyle (Tennessree Curriculum Standards).
The primary aim of Physical Education is to equip students with the knowledge, skills,
capacities, and values along with the enthusiasm to maintain a healthy lifestyle into adulthood,
regardless of their physical abilities. Activities included in the program are designed to promote
physical fitness, to develop motor skills, to instill knowledge and understanding of rules,
concepts, and strategies, and to teach students to work as part of a team, or as individuals, in a
wide variety of play-like and competitive activities.
1. With new understanding of the nature of human beings in which wholeness of the
individual is the outstanding fact physical education becomes according to Jesse Feiring
Williams (1977) “education through the physical”
2. Stressing the total educational experience, John E. Nixon and Ann E. Jewett, as restated
by William Freeman (1977) defined physical education as “that phase of total process of
education which is concerned with the development and utilization of the individual’s
movement potential and related responses, and with the stable behaviour modifications in
the individual which results from these responses.
3. According to Robert P. Pangrazi (1998), “Physical Education is that phase of general
educational program that contributes to the total growth and development of each child
through movement experiences.
4. Deborah Wuest and Charles Bucher (1999) defined physical education as “an educational
process that uses physical activity as a means to help individuals acquire skills,
knowledge, and attitudes that contribute to their optimal development and well-being.

IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Why do you think we need to study P.E. and why is it include in the school curriculum?
The purposes of P.E. must be clearly understood by the students.
1. To develop optimum fitness and health of the individual.
2. To produce individuals who can contribute to the economic well-being.

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 3. To train good leaders with moral integrity of the highest order.
4. To develop creativity and innovativeness.
5. To instill a love of and pride for our rich cultural heritage.

HISTORY “PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES”

Pre-Spanish Period
Physical activities were necessary for existence. Cockfighting, introduced by the Malays
and considered a favourite sport was popular. Dancing was a religious activity with several
purposes and officiated by a priest or a priestess. War dances were performed. Bathing and
swimming were important part in the lives of the natives.

Spanish Period
Cockfighting continued to be a favourite sport and found its way to the other places in the
archipelago. Dancing became a major activity enjoyed by people. The Fandanggo, Jota, Curacha
of Spain, Polka, and Mazurka of Central Europe; and the Lanceros and Rigodon of France were
introduced by the conquistadores to lure the Filipinos to be converted to Christianity. Ceremonial
dances were performed during religious activities.
Recreational games such as the juego de anillo, juego de prenda, and the duplo (a poetic
just) were introduced. Girls played sungka, siklot, piko, luksong tinik, and hide and seek. Boys
played patintero, sipa, and kite-flying. Older woman played card games. Higher order
recreational activities like horse races triggered the founding of Manila Jockey Club in 1867 to
supervise the holding of races once a year, but were closed down in 1880, in 1893, gymnastics
was recorded to be a required subject for all candidates for the Elementary Teacher’s Certificate
at the Superior Normal School for Men Teachers.

American Period
1901 – Physical Exercise was one of the subjects introduced in the public schools, and
regular program of athletics was developed.
1905 – Baseball and track and field were introduced and taught to young boys.
1909 – Athletic program for the schools emphasized the playing of western sports and
coaching of tennis.
1910 – Basketball was first introduced as a game for young girls at the carnival Meet held
in Manila but was later discontinued in 1914 because it was found very strenuous for the
girls. Later, indoor baseball, tennis, and volleyball were introduced.
1911 – The “athletic handbook” was published by the Bureau of Education where the
first part prescribed few simple games and relays; the second part continued the rules for
baseball, basketball for girls, volleyball, indoor baseball, track and field, and lawn tennis.
January, 1911 – The Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation (PAAF) was organized to
control amateur sports in the Philippines.
1914 – In cognizant to the implementation of the “play for everybody” policy of the
Bureau of Education, the Teacher’s Vacation Assembly started in Manila to give special
training to Filipino teachers to be able to conduct various physical activities, and in turn
recipients of the special training taught at the provincial normal schools.
March 5, 1919 – A syllabus entitled “Physical Education: A Manual For Teachers” was
published as a result of the plan in 1918 for a definite course of study in Physical
Education, submitted by a special committee of superintendent.
1920 – Physical Education was made a required subject in all public schools. A rating of
75% which was based on attendance in the required exercises is necessary for promotion
every year from grade four to fourth year high school. However, the grade was not
included in the computation of the general average.
1928 – A Summer School for Coaching was opened by the office of the national physical
education director in cooperation with the Bureau of Education to help the public school
teachers who are in-charge of athletics to improve their coaching methods.
1939 – Women’s track and field was added in the program of the National
Interscholastic.

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Japanese Period
The Japanese Military Administration obliged all public schools to perform daily
calisthenics on air called the Radio Taiso, where Japanese instructors were provided. The
demonstration of the exercise was held in Luneta.

Post-War to Present
1948 to 1952 – Under the joint sponsorship of the PAAF and Department of Education,
the National College of Physical Education conducted a Summer school of Physical Education
held at the Rizal Memorial Field. In 1953, PAAF took the sponsorship alone.
The Schools Physical education and Sports Act of 1969 provided program of activities
that included among others a program of health education and nutrition, a program of physical
fitness for all pupils, a program of competitive athletics, a program of intramural and inter-unit
athletic competition within schools, districts, and provinces, and an annual competition within
and among regions.
In the 70’s and early 80’s, physical education was incorporated in the subject Youth
Development Training or YDT in the high school. The subjects included Physical Education,
Scouting, Health, and Music.
The Physical education Program in the Elementary was revised in 1971 to comprise the
activities such as the Testing Program, rhythmic activities, games, relays and athletic team
games, swimming, and physical education for children needing attention. The Revised
Secondary School Program is contained in the Department Order No. 20, s. 1973. Two aspects of
the program were Youth Development Training (YDT) for first year to third year and Citizen
Army Training (CAT) for fourth year high school.
In MEC Order No. 6, s. 1982, the New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) reflected
direction for change based on the Program for Decentralized Educational Development
(PRODED). PE in Grades I and II is integrated with the subject Sibika at Kultura (Civics and
Culture) No specific time block is allotted to this subject but is taught as the need arises. Grades
III to VI PE is clustered with Art and Music in a subject entitled Music, Art and Physical
Education (MAPE).
The 1989 Secondary Education Development Program (SEDP) is a response to continue
pupil development started by the Program for Decentralized Educational Development in 1982.
Based on DECS Order No. 11, s. 1989, the New Secondary Education Curriculum (NSEC) of
SEDP is cognitive-affective-manipulative-based and is student-centered and community-
oriented. One of the 8 subject areas in the NSEC is Physical Education, Health and Music
(PEHM).
In the elementary, based on DECS Order No. 53, s. 1994, states that Physical Education
in Grades I and II shall be listed as a separate additional subject and will be taught daily for 20
minutes beginning school year 1994 – 1995 in public elementary schools. It shall continue to be
taught as a component of MAPE in Grades III to VI.

OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

There are four objectives of Physical Education (Andin in Eviza, 2007):
1. Physical Development – to be able to maintain a lifelong health and high level of fitness,
one should actively participate in physical activities. Thus, by engaging in physical
activities, one can enhance its growth and development. In addition, an individual who
engages in sports and recreational activities will lead a healthy lifestyle and will avoid the
risk of various health problems.
2. Social Development – through participation in sports-related activities, one can acquire
desirable social traits such as friendliness, cooperation, respect for the right of others,
good sportsmanship, good leadership and followership, and lastly, honesty in game
competition.
3. Emotional Development – worthwhile development traits that can be developed through
participation in sports-related activities are self-confidence, self-control, self-reliance,
courage, determination and personal discipline.

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 4. Mental Development – The individual improves mental capacities through learning the
mechanical principle underlying movements, as he obtains knowledge and understanding
of rules and strategies of games and sports’ and as he discovers ways of improving his
movements.

AREAS OF DEVELOPMENT
1. Organic (Physiological) – The improvement of various organs used to gain power and
stamina such as power and endurance in the heart and lungs, heal regulating mechanism,
and digestive and eliminating organs.
2. Neuromuscular (Muscular and Nerves) – It refers to the development of skills and
coordination, strength in the skeletal muscles.
3. Interpretive (Mental) – Continuously develops and strengthens the judgement,
interpretation, and problem solving skills through learning the rules, signals, and different
techniques.
4. Emotional – Enhance the development of impulses and emotions. Through participating
in different activities, one can experience fear, anger joy, and other powerful emotions
and learns to control it.

ASPECTS OF FITNESS
1. Physical Fitness – refers to the ability of an individual to perform his daily tasks
efficiently without undue fatigue and has some extra “reserves” in case of emergency.
2. Social Fitness – is the ability to mingle with different types of people with interest and
concern for others.
3. Emotional Fitness – refers to the ability of an individual to control his emotions or
feelings.
4. Mental Fitness – is the ability to cope with the common problems of everyday living.

THE DIMENSIONS OF WELLNESS

1. Physical Wellness – the dimension most commonly associated with being healthy. It is
the ability to maintain a healthy quality of life that allows us to get through our daily
activities without undue fatigue or physical stress.
2. Emotional Wellness – the ability to understand your own feelings, accepting your
limitations, and achieving emotional stability. The ability to acknowledge and share
feelings of anger, fear, sadness, or stress, hope, love, joy, and happiness in a productive
manner.
3. Mental Wellness/Intellectual Wellness – the ability to open our minds to new ideas and
experiences that can be applied to personal decisions, group interaction and community
betterment. It is engaging the individual in creative and stimulating mental activities to
expand their knowledge and skills and help them discover the potential for sharing their
gifts with others.
4. Social Wellness – the ability to relate well to others, both within and outside the family
hunt. You see the value in living in harmony with your fellow human being, seeking
positive, interdependent relationships with others, and developing healthy behaviour. You
are also willing to actively seek out ways to preserve the beauty and balance of nature
and community.
5. Environmental Wellness – the capability to live in a clean and safe environment that is
not detrimental to health. It is the ability to recognize our own responsibility for the
quality of the air, the water, and the land that surrounds us.
6. Spiritual Wellness – is the ability to establish peace and harmony in our lives. It is a
personal matter involving values and beliefs that provide a purpose in our lives.
7. Occupational Wellness – the ability to get personal fulfilment from our jobs or our
chosen career field while still maintaining balance in our lives.

Concepts of Fitness & Wellness

Concepts of Fitness & Wellness is designed to deliver a comprehensive text and digital
program that continues to be at the cutting edge of physical activity and health promotion,
empowering students to make positive steps towards developing a lifelong commitment to being

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active. Physical fitness is the primary specific objectives in teaching physical education.
Therefore, it is in order that the physical education teacher should have the correct concept of
physical fitness. Physical fitness is the ability to perform one daily tasks efficiently without
fatigue but with extra reserve in case of emergency.

What is health?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity (world heath organization). Health is the optimal well-being that
contributes to one’s quality of life. It is more than freedom from disease and illness, though
freedom from disease is important to good health. (Corbin & welk et al Concepts of physical
fitness). Health is a condition of being sound and body, mind or spirit, especially freedom from
physical disease or pain. ( Meriam-Webster). Health is the ability to live your dreams. It is not
about the absence of pain, discomfort or disease but points more toward a quality of life and way
of being in the world. (Moshe Feldenkrais). Healthful lifestyle is the only way to maintain and
preserve heath, rather than waiting until one sick and then trying to get well. This state of
enhanced well-being is referred to as wellness.

What is wellness?
Wellness is the integration of many different components (social, emotional, mental,
spiritual and physical) that expands one’s potential to live (quality life) and work effectively and
to make a significant contribution to society. (Charles Corbin et al Concepts of physical fitness).
Wellness is satisfying your needs regarding mental and emotional stability, social consciousness
and adaptability, spiritual and moral fiber, and physical health consistent with your heredity.
(William Prentice get fit stay fit). Good health is no longer viewed as simply the absence of
illness. The notion of good health has evolved notably in the last few years and continues to
change, as scientists learn more about lifestyle factors that bring on illness and affect wellness.
Wellness living requires implementing positive programs to change behavior in order to improve
health and quality of life, prolong life and achieve a total well-being.

FACTORS IN ACHIEVING FITNESS AND WELLNESS

1. Food – correct amount of food and balanced diet is the primary factor.
2. Rest/sleep – sufficient rest and enough sleep can affect the fitness of the individual. In
teenagers, at least eight hours is good enough.
3. Exercise or Physical Activities – proper exercise and daily activities have a major effect
to our body. Cardiovascular/Aerobic Conditioning.
4. Cardiovascular system literally means “cardio” or heart and “vascular” or a system or
network of blood vessels. Aerobic exercise is any type of cardiovascular conditioning.
Aerobic conditioning is a process whereby the heart and lungs are trained to pump blood
more efficiently, allowing more oxygen to be delivered to muscles and organs. Aerobic
conditioning is the use of continuous, rhythmic movement of large muscle groups to
strengthen the heart and lungs (cardiovascular system). (aerobic conditioning –
Wikipedia)
5. Strength Training and Muscular Development - The basic principles of strength
training involve a manipulation of the number of repetitions, sets, tempo, exercises and
force to cause desired changes in strength, endurance or size by overloading of a group
of muscle. A strength exercise is any activity that makes your muscles work harder than
usual. This increases your muscles' strength, size, power and endurance. The activities
involve using your body weight or working against a resistance. ... Examples of muscle-
strengthening activities include: lifting weights. (Strength training – Wikipedia)
6. Stretching - Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons - Stretching is a form of physical exercise
in which a specific muscle or tendon (or muscle group) is deliberately flexed
or stretched in order to improve the muscle's felt elasticity and achieve comfortable
muscle tone. The result is a feeling of increased muscle control, flexibility, and range of
motion. (Active stretching· Bosu stretching – Wikipedia)
7. Core Stability - Core stability refers to the ability to keep your spine from moving during
physical activity, such as walking, running, swimming, etc. Your core helps you control

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 your body effectively, helping you use your arms and legs to the best advantage and
preventing your spine from bending or flexing unintentionally.(southvanphysio.com)
8. Nutrition and Supplementation - Nutritional supplements are any dietary supplement that
is intended to provide nutrients that may otherwise not be consumed in sufficient
quantities; for example, vitamins, minerals, proteins, amino acids or
other nutritional substances. Products are usually ingested in capsule, tablet or liquid
form. (www.nature.com)
9. Mental Rest and Relaxation - Relaxation differs from rest, in that relaxation is our mind's
way of rejuvenating, and can assist in reducing the arousal we experience from stress
and/or anxiety. This means that while rest occurs while we are asleep, relaxation occurs
while we are awake, and involves us engaging in activities that we enjoy.
(psychprofessiona.com)
10. Sleep - A condition of body and mind such as that which typically recurs for several
hours every night, in which the nervous system is relatively inactive, the eyes closed, the
postural muscles relaxed, and consciousness practically suspended. Some people
experience sleep disorder “insomnia “, the inability to get to sleep or sleep well at night,
can be caused by stress, jet lag, a health condition, the medications you take, or even the
amount of coffee you drink. Insomnia can also be caused by other sleep disorders or
mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. (www.helpguide.org)

Fitness and Wellness Assessment

A series of tests that helps your trainer determine your physical fitness level and aids in
developing your personalized program. The results can identify your strengths and weaknesses in
relation to your physical fitness and help in setting attainable fitness goals.
Using the five factors you would then create a fitness assessment using the
following five elements: health evaluation, body composition tests, cardiovascular
endurance tests, body strength tests, and joint flexibility tests. (recreation.richmond.edu. &
www.glofox.com)
The main tests in a fitness assessment evaluate body mass index; resting heart rate and
blood pressure; and cardiovascular fitness. Additional tests might be used to evaluate body
composition, lung capacity, flexibility and strength. (www.ideafit.com)

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Exercises/Drills:
Essay. Answer the following questions and phrases below. Write your answer in one whole sheet
of yellow pad paper.

1. What is the importance of Fitness and wellness?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. How factors of PF affect your Fitness and Wellness?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________

3. How do you describe a healthy lifestyle habit?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

4. “Do you not know that your bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom
you have received from God/ You are not your own; you were bought at a price.
Therefore, honor God with your bodies.” 1 Corinthian 6:19-20
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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Evaluation:
Name: _________________________________ Year and Section: _______________
Instructor: ______________________________ Score: ________________________

I. True or False. Write “T” if the statement is True and “F” is the statement is False on
the space before the number.

_____ 1. Physical activity plays an important part for health and wellness.
_____ 2. To maintain health is to preserve it through a healthful lifestyle.
_____ 3. Wellness can change behaviour and prolong life.
_____ 4. The integration of different components that expand ones potential to live and work
effectively is called Fitness.
_____ 5. Being healthy is simply the absence of illness, avoidance of tobacco, and excessive
alcohol.

II. Multiple Choice. Select the correct answer for each of the following questions.
Encircle the letter corresponding to your choice. Strictly NO erasures allowed.

1. Physical Education traces its origin in.

A. Ancient Greek belief in a sound mind in a sound body
B. Ancient Olympic games
C. PE movement in Europe (end of renaissance era) that centered around gymnastics and calisthenics
D. Military training and preparation for war

2. The legal basis of physical education and sport is stipulated in what article and section of
the 1987 constitution?
A. Article XI, Section 19 C. Article XIII, Section 19
B. Article XII, Section 19 D. Article XIV, Section 19

3. Motor skill development of physical education is concerned with

A. The development of the various organic system of the body is necessary for an
individual to have the ability to sustain adaptive efforts, to recover and to resist
fatigue.
B. Developing body awareness, making purposeful physical movement with a little
expenditure of energy as possible, and being proficient, graceful, and aesthetic in this
movement.
C. The accumulation of knowledge and the ability to think and interpret this knowledge.
D. Assisting an individual in making personal and group adjustments as well as
adjustments as a member of society.

4. Which of the following is the main reason why students are encouraged to wear complete
PE uniform during PE day?
A. For personal hygiene C. For conformity
B. For safety D. For easy identification

5. When do PE students need their bodily-kinesthetic intelligence?

A. Run, kick, throw and catch C. Discuss games strategy
B. Anticipate trajectories of flying balls D. Keep score and calculate angles

III. A. Identification. Identify the objective of P.E. that is described in the following
phrases. Write PD for physical development, SD for social development, ED for
emotional development and MD for mental development.

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 _______________ 1. Development of self-confidence
_______________ 2. Understanding of rules and regulations
_______________ 3. Discovery of ways of improving movements
_______________ 4. Good leadership and followership
_______________ 5. Acquire desirable social traits
_______________ 6. Avoid the risk of various health problems
_______________ 7. Leading a healthy lifestyle
_______________ 8. Increase self-control, self-reliance, and self-discipline
_______________ 9. Enhancement of growth and development
_______________ 10. Respect for the rights of others

B. Identify the following Dimensions of Wellness. Write the letter of your choice
on the blank.
A. Physical B. Emotional C. Mental D. Social
E. Environmental F. Spiritual G. Occupational

_____ 1. Eating a well-balanced and healthy diet.

_____ 2. Accepting mistakes while reflecting and learning from them.
_____ 3. Engaging in the pursuit of new ideas and understanding.
_____ 4. Not criticizing, judging, or blaming.
_____ 5. Recognizing the quality of air, water, and land.
_____ 6. Meditating, praying, and affirming the power or belief system.
_____ 7. Achieving balance between work and leisure time.
_____ 8. Seeking medical care and exams as needed.
_____ 9. Involving intellectual and cultural activities.
_____ 10. Maintaining friendships with individuals who respect, love, and accept
you for who you are.

Prepared by:

KLENN MARK U. MAYO, LPT

Course Facilitator

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References:
Eviza, Lacerna, Mercado, Arellano, Diosalan, Diosalan (2014), Physical Education I
(A Worktext for the Teriary Level) Second Edition, Mutya Publishing House, Inc.)

Philippine Normal University – The National Center for Teacher Education (2013),
MAPEH (Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health) A reviewer for the Licensure
Examination for Teachers, FCA Printhouse

Assoc. Prof. Necil Capinanes-Magno (2017), Lecture and Activity Manual in P.E. 1a
(M/W) Physical Fitness and Wellness (Outcome-Based Education (OBE) Aligned),
Central Philippine University, College of Education, Health and P.E. Department

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