LESSON 1: MEANING, OBJECTIVES, VALUES AND HISTORY OF PHYSICAL

EDUCATION

INTRODUCTION

Physical Education is the part of the school curriculum that instructs the students in body movements, sports
games, and other physical activities (Tulio, Doris D., 2009). It helps build up physical fitness by allowing students
to increase their endurance, strength, and flexibility. In this lesson, the students will learn the meaning and
objectives of physical education and will also help them understand the values and history of physical education
in the Philippines.

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. Know the meaning of physical education.

2. Explain the objectives and History of Physical Education.

3. Illustrate the value of Physical education in this time of pandemic through Poster Making.

LESSON DEVELOPMENT

WHAT IS PHYSICAL EDUCATION?

Physical education (PE) from the Latin word “physica”, Physics and “educatio”, is the interdisciplinary study of
all areas of science relating to the transmission of physical knowledge and skills to an individual or a group, the
application of these skills, and their results Physical Education is an important segment of general education
which aims to contribute to the total development of the learner through participation in selected activities.

It can also be viewed as a program of activities in a school curriculum that involves sports, games, dance,
gymnastics and recreational activities. It is the vital and integral part of general education designed to promote
the optimum development of the individual physically, socially, emotionally and mentally through total body
movement in the performance of properly selected physical activities.

OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

The primary aims of physical education vary historically, based on the needs of the time and place. It also
pertains to all educational levels, although there could be delineation of goals in each level.
◆ PHYSICAL FITNESS DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE
The development of the various organic system of the body is necessary for an individual to have the ability
to sustain adaptive efforts, to recover and to resist fatigue.
◆ MOTOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE
This objective is concerned with developing body awareness, making purposeful physical movement with
a little expenditure of energy as possible, and being proficient, graceful, and aesthetic in this movement.
◆ COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE
The cognitive development involves the accumulation of knowledge and the ability to think and interpret
this knowledge.
 LESSON 1: MEANING, OBJECTIVES, VALUES AND HISTORY OF PHYSICAL
EDUCATION

◆ SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL-AFFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE

This is concerned with assisting an individual in making personal and group adjustments as well as adjustments
as a member of the society.

VALUES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

The values of physical education are found in the resulting development and adjustment of the individual.
Regular exercise and physical activity are extremely important and beneficial for long-term health and well-being.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF EXERCISE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY.

1. Reduce the risk of premature death.

2. Reduce the risk of developing and/or dying from heart disease.
3. Reduce high blood pressure or the risk of developing high blood pressure.
4. Reduce high cholesterol or the risk of developing high cholesterol.
5. Reduce the risk of developing colon cancer and breast cancer.
6. Reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
7. Reduce or maintain body weight or body fat.
8. Build and maintain healthy muscles, bones and joints.
9. Reduce depression and anxiety.
10. Improve psychological well-being.
11. Enhance work, recreation, and sports performance.

HISTORY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

1. Physical activities in the primitive society.

Participation in physical activities in the primitive society was practical. Strong, agile, and powerful body
were necessary to carry on the demands of primitive life. mimetic games provided children the
opportunity to prepare themselves for adult life and responsibilities.
2. Physical education in ancient nation
Persia- Used to accomplish the primary aim of developing in their young men military skills, high moral
standards and patriotism to strengthen and extend the empire.
Egypt- Popular activities were swimming, since civilization life was based on rivers, wrestling which was
participated in by the nobility, the soldiers, the merchants and the unskilled laborers. Gymnastics were
required exercise to make the body supple, strong and capable of great endurance and stamina.
China-Physical Activities were confined to military men. Recreational games and early versions of soccer,
polo, chess, archery, wrestling, and flying kite were popular. When ancient Chinese felt weak, Cong Fu,
a mild exercise was designed to prevent diseases and keep the bod in good organic conditions.
India- Several physical activities were participated despite of Buddha’s prohibition of games, amusement
and exercises. Yoga became popular in India as a unique exercise, posture, regulated breathing, and to
discipline the mind and body. Hindu dancing was considered the oldest of organized dancing.
3. Physical Education in the Philippines
❖ 1901- Physical exercise was one of the subjects introduced in the public schools and regular program of
athletics was developed.
❖ 1905- Baseball and track and field were introduced and taught to young boys.
❖ 1910- Basketball was first introduced as a game for young girls at the carnival. Meet held in Manila but was
later discontinued in 1914 because it was found very strenuous for the girls. Later, indoor baseball,
tennis, and volleyball were introduced.
❖ January, 1911- the Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation (PAAF) was organized to control amateur sports
in the Philippines.
❖March 5,1919- a syllabus entitled “Physical education: A Manual for Teachers” was published as a result of
 LESSON 1: MEANING, OBJECTIVES, VALUES AND HISTORY OF PHYSICAL
EDUCATION

the plan in 1918 for a definite course of study in Physical Education, submitted by a special
committee of superintendents.
❖ 1920- Physical education was made a required subject in all public schools. A rating of 75% which was
based on attendance in the required exercises is necessary for promotion every year from grade
four to fourth year high school. However, the grade was not included in the computation of the
general average.
❖ 1937- Physical education was made a curricular subject in the secondary schools where the grades are not
only based on attendance but in proficiency in skills as well. The grade was included in the
computation of the general average.

THE PHILIPPINE SPORTS COMMISSION

The PSC was created through Republic Act No. 6847 in 1990 to serve as the “sole-policy-making and coordinating
body of all amateur sports development programs and instruction in the Philippines”.

THE PHILIPPINE OLYMPIC COMMITTEE

The umbrella organization of all national sports associations (NSAs), is affiliated with the international Olympic
Committee for the Philippines.it is primarily responsible for activities pertaining to the country’s participation in
the Olympic Games, Asian Games, Southeast Asian Games and other international athletic competition.

References

Tulio, Doris D. 2009. Physical Education 1 for College. Mandaluyong City: National Book store, Inc.

Alave, Jun C., (2016). Physical Education and Health Book 1. Manila, Philippines: JFS Publishing Services.

“ physical“. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https: / / www.merriam-webster.com /

dictionary/ physical. Accessed 4 Aug. 2020

“education “. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https: / / www.merriam-webster.com/

dictionary/ education Accessed 4 Aug. 2020