NAME& SURNAME Luyanda Mthembu

STUDENT NUMBER 223006531

DEMONSTRATOR Tyler Bengtson
b) The Ferrel cell is considered a secondary circulation feature within the Earth’s atmosphere
because it is apart of a more complex atmopsheric circulation pattern that arises due to the
combined effects of the primary circulation cell. The ferrel cell is characterized by the
westerly wind at mid-latitudes, between about 30* and 60* north amd south of the equator. It
exist due to need to balance the equator toward flow of air from th epolar cell and the
poleward flow air from hadley cell.
c)Polar Easterlies:Polar easterlies are the prevalling winds that blow from the polar high
presure areas towards the subpolar low pressure areas. These winds are part of the ferrel cell
circulation and are influenced by several factors such as:
Pressure gradient force: the primary driver of wind movement is the pressure gradient force,
which arises due to differences in air pressure between high pressure and low pressure
regions.
Coriolis force: The coriolis force effect, caused by the Earth’s ratation, influences the
direction of the polar easterlies.In the north hemisphere, the coriolis effect deflects moving air
to the right of its initial path, while in the southern hemisphere , it deflects air to the left.
Trade winds: The trade winds are the preveiling winds that blow from the subtropical high
presure areas towards the equatorial low pressure areas.
Pressure gradient force: Just like in the case of the Polar easteries, the pressure gradient force
plays a major role in driving the trade winds.
Coriolis force: The coriolis effect acts as perpendicular ti the direction of motions, leading to
this characteristic curvature.

QUESTION 2
a) Winter
b) High pressure cell in the interiour, the air diverges out from the cell which can cause
the stable weather conditions
c) There will be a low pressure cell with converging air and unstable weather conditions

QUESTION3
a) Mid-latitude cyclone
b) The occlusion stage is a phase in the life cycle of a mid-latitude cyclone, also known
as an extretropical cyclone. During the occlusion stage the cold front reaches up with
the warm front. This happens as the cyclone continues to mature and thecold air mass
associated with the cold front undercuts the warmer, less dense air mass of the warm
front As a result, the warm front is lifted off the ground and a ridge og cooler air is
pushed underneath it. This merging of the two fronts leads to the occlusion of the
warm sector from the ground. The occlusion often brings about widespread and
sometimes heavy precipitation. As the warm and cold air masses interact and ascend
their moisture content is lifted, leading to the condensation of water vapor and the
formation of clouds and precipitation. The occlusion result in rainfall
 c) Mid-latitude cyclones are responsible for a widw range of waeher conditions,
including rain and snow. Precipitation patterns across south africa can be influenced
by the development and movement of mid-lalitude cyclone, since cyclones can
enhance rainfall in certain areas. Mid-latitude cyclone have a significant infkuence on
south africa weather, climate and natural resources.

QUESTION 4
a) Benguela current system
b) It typically brings in cool oceanic air from the south, resulting in relatively dry and
temperature. The presence of the cold Benguela current influences the formation of
fog and low-lying stratus clouds
c) Climate and weather: The Benguela current system influences the climate and weather
patterns along south Africa coastline. It is cool oceanic air and upwelling of nutrient-
rich water have significant impact on the local climate, creating a relatively dry and
temperature environment with unique fog and cloud formation.

QUESTION5
a) Polar system
b) This is because the polar regions are located far away from the equator, close to the
earth’s north and south poles. The polar region is characterized by extremely cold
temperatures long periods of darkness and polar ice caps.
c) Tropical rainforest and savannah grasslands

QUESTION 6
a) Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and Indian ocean
b) 77*F to 84*F throughout the year
c) Range refers to the span between the minimum and maximum values observed in
a specific areas or regions. It represents the difference between the lowest and
highest temperature recorded or anticipated.
d) If a Mozambique channel continues, it could potentially have an influence on
tropical cyclone occurrence for south Africa. Warmer sea surface temperatures
provide the necessary fuel for the formation and int