Dual purpose agri robot

Abstract:
Farming is the backbone of Indian economy. In this agriculture
sector, there is a lot of fieldwork, such as ploughing, reaping,
sowing etc. these operations previously were done by
traditional equipment’s. This field faces some problems such as
how to minimize the losses, how to increase productivity and
how to minimize cost. In India, two types of agricultural
methods are used, manual method (conventional method) and
mechanize type method. In Manual method they are working
with those equipment’s was tedious and laborious. Also
traditional ways are time consuming. Mechanization involves
the use of a hybrid device between the power source and the
work. This hybrid device usually transfers motion, such as
rotary to linear, or provides sample of mechanical advantages.
Mechanization in agriculture made farming easier and quick.
There are variety of machines are available for almost every
task in agriculture. Beginning with preparing land to the
harvesting of crop and further process can be done by
machines. This machines not only easier way to do this task but
also very efficient. The agriculture machineries that are used
now days are costlier and cannot be afforded by most of farmer
with rural background. Most of the farmers in India own very
small pieces of land and owning these costlier machines may
not be feasible for them. Most farmers are still stick to their old
ways. The fact that most of the farmer are low level income
earners, they cannot invest on the purchase of large machine.
Considering above mentioned factors there is need to develop
such an equipment, which will be of multiple use and especially
will be of low costIn excess of 40 percent of the population on
the planet picks agribusiness as the essential occupation.
Lately, expanded interest has been developed for the
development of the self-ruling vehicles like robots in the
agribusiness. In traditional strategy for farming works, the types
of equipment used to perform various activities are costly and
badly designed to deal with. In this way, farmers need
advanced equipment to perform farming procedures. The
proposed work aims to build up the robot which can perform
activities like ploughing, seed sowing, grass cutting and water
sprinkling. The proposed robot gets power supply from solar
photovoltaic (pv) panels, so it needn't bother with any outer
power supply. The entire framework is constrained by android
application utilizing Bluetooth interfacing with PIC18F4520
which imparts the signs to the robot for required operations.
The ploughing of firm and sowing of seeds is consequently done
by utilizing dc motors. Steady separation is kept up for planting
of seed. Sprinkler with rotating nozzles is utilized to sprinkle the
water on crop. The grass cutting instrument comprises of
rotating blades having a sharpened knife edge on both sides to
cut the waste grass effectively. This mechanical vehicle will limit
the work cost, speed up and increase the exactness of the
work. It incorporates various tasks, so it is financially savvy.
Vitality required for this machine is less as contrasted to
tractors or other farming instruments like electric pumps. In
India, nearly 70% of people depend on agriculture

Indroduction:
Agriculture being one of the major occupations in India, it is very
essential to discover and implement new idea in this field, though lot of
work has been done in this area. Talking about past in 1951, there were
just 8635 tractors being used and every one of them were imported.
Creation of tractors initiated during 1961-62, turning out 880 of them.
Thisfigure has crested to more than 262,000 out of 1999-2000. The
offer of tractors in 2003-2004 was 172,000. Now, India is the biggest
maker of tractors on the planet. Farmers nowadays pay plenty of cash
on machines that facilitate them to decrease labor work and increase
yield of crops. Due to the fact that agriculture plays an important role in
the development of the economy of our country, some problem are still
associated with the production of agriculture. The attitude of the
farmer towards production of crops, little did they know about new
technology of modern farming. It is essential to increase the
productivity of agriculture and farming processes to improve yields and
cost effectiveness with this technology, so we are introducing this
multipurpose agriculture machine .like grass cutter and water or
pesticide spraying agricultural equipment’s and labors for caring out
these steps, our purpose is to combine all the individual tools to
provide farmers with multipurpose equipment which implements all
the scientific farming techniques and specifications, suitable for all type
of seed to seed cultivation with minimum cost as possible. All this can
be done in this same machine. This multipurpose agro machine is
designed and fabricated as multipurpose equipment which is used for
agricultural processes like ploughing, sowing seeds and sprinkling
water.

Literature review:
M.V. Achutha, Sharath Chandra. N, Nataraj.G.K, [2016]

In this research, the paper author has mentioned the four plans for
Design and development. They have analyzed to check on load
condition to avoid the failure problem while fabrication of the project.
They are doing one or two operations on each plan. Here more
manpower is required as they are not using the engine. The Conclusion
of the paper is to decrease the cost. From this paper, we are looking at
how they are doing the operation to minimize the cost and the analysis
are done.
D.A. Mada, Mahai, [2013]

In this research, the paper author has mentioned the magnitude of

automation in the agricultural field by giving some instances. The
conclusion from the paper was the need for a multifunctional vehicle
for pre and postharvesting. We have taken this as the base of our
research and made further changes in the production of our
multipurpose agricultural vehicle.
BrajeshNare, V.K. Tewari, A. Ashok Kumar, Satya Prakash Kumar, [2012]

The author of this research article conducted a case study on farm

mechanization in West Bengal, which is a part of India, and provides a
clear picture of availability and advancement in India. In comparison to
the present stages, this ensured that we took the correct actions.
B. Babangida, B. G. Jahun, and F.A. Adamu [2014]
The writers of this research emphasize the importance of a power
tiller's performance. The tiller was the most popular choice among
those looking for lightweight power. Such elements as fuel
efficiency and field capacity are also considered. When creating a
sustainable multipurpose agricultural vehicle, we took these
considerations into account.
K. Mahalle and Mahesh R. Pundkar
Is there a brief description of the many sorts of advances made in
seed sowing devices available for plantation in the review? The
seed sowing machine is an important part of the agriculture
industry. Seed sowing equipment performance has a significant
impact on the cost and yield of agricultural products. There are
numerous methods for detecting the functioning of seed-sowing
equipment now available.
Raut, Laukik P., andet. Al.
Modernization of agriculture is unavoidable to meet the food
needs of a rapidly growing population and rapid industrialization.
Mechanization allows for input conservation by ensuring better
distribution, reducing quantity required for better response, and
 preventing losses or wastage of applied inputs. By increasing
productivity and conserving inputs, mechanization lowers the unit
cost of production.
H. P. Girish Kumar and D. Ramesh
This paper provides a summary of the various types of seed
sowing equipment innovations. The primary goal of the sowing
operation is to place the seed and seedlings in rows at the desired
depth and seed-to-seed spacing, cover the seeds with soil and
compact the soil over the seed. To achieve optimal yields, the
recommended row to row spacing, seed rate, seed to seed
spacing, and seed placement depth vary from crop to crop and for
different agro-climatic conditions. Seed sowing devices play an
important role in agriculture.

OBJECTIVES
The design of multipurpose agro equipment
machine will help Indian farmers in rural side and
small farm. It will reduce the cost of seed feeding,
pesticides sprinkling and crop cutting the field and
will help to increase economic standard of an Indian
1. The main objective of this project is to design and
fabricate multipurpose agriculture machine
2. To minimize the cost so that it should be
affordable for everyone.
3. To reduce Human efforts, all operations can be
performed by single person, thus it will reduce the
labor cost
 4. To reduce amount of time for operation.
5.It will reduce the lobour cost.

problem statement

In India, Agriculture with its allied sectors, is the largest source of

livelihoods. 70 percent of its rural households still depend primarily on
agriculture for their livelihood, with 82 percent of farmers being small
and marginal. These farmers can't afford costly equipment’s and
machines. And they have to put more human and animal effort.

1. Lack of mechanization in farming

2. Required excess efforts for different process.

3. Required more man power

4. Excess time consumption for performing individual process.

These are the main points to work on, our project will work on and to
minimize these problems them.

Methodology:
Sprinkler: In
the sprinkling method water is sprayed into the air and allowed to fall
on the ground surface. The spray is developed by the flow of water
under pressure through small orifices or nozzles. The pressure is usually
obtained by pumping with the help of the DC Motor which acts as a
pump. Storage tank is used to store water or chemical fertilizers. With
selection of nozzle sizes, operating pressure and sprinkler spacing we
can supply the amount of water required for the different crops.
Adjustable pipes are use at front end so that we can extend nozzle
pipes and cover larger spraying area.

Grass cutter:
In this method of grass cutting the grass was cutted by sharp blades
without a man power by using solar energy
Future scope:
1. In the dualpurpose farming machine in place of petrol engine, the
diesel engine and other gasoline engine can be used for improving
performance and the environmental friendly.

2. In multipurpose machine in addition to ploughing and seed sowing,

the arrangement for fertilizer and manure can be made.

3. In this machine instead of sowing in two rows it may be increased

further.

4. In our machine farmer is walking with machine during seed sowing

and ploughing, providing seating arrangement into the machine will be
beneficial.

COMPONENTS are used for this robot

1. 100 rpm gear motor
An electric motor is a machine which converts electrical energy to
mechanical energy. Its action is based on the principle that when a
current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a
magnetic force whose direction is given by Fleming’s left hand rule.
Worm gear motors work by using a worm gear attached to a motor to
move the main gear. This set up is ideal for a machine requiring a
massive reduction ratio, meaning more torque for less speed. Secondly,
the simplicity of the set up avoids the need for unnecessary gears in its
operation.

2. robot wheel
3. l298 2a dual motor driver module

The L298N is a dual H-Bridge motor driver which allows speed

and direction control of two DC motors at the same time. The
module can drive DC motors that have voltages between 5 and
35V, with a peak current up to 2A.

4. ultrasonic sensor
Ultrasonic sensors work by sending out a sound
wave at a frequency above the range of human
hearing. The transducer of the sensor acts as a
microphone to receive and send the ultrasonic
sound. Our ultrasonic sensors , like many others,
use a single transducer to send a pulse and to
receive the echo. The sensor determines the
distance to a target by measuring time lapses
between the sending and receiving of the
ultrasonic pulse.

5. blutooth module
Bluetooth module can be used in short-distance wireless
communication, which can be divided into the Bluetooth module
and Bluetooth voice module according to its usage. Bluetooth
module is a basic circuit set of chip which integrated Bluetooth
functions and which can be used in wireless network transmission

6.solar panel
Solar panels are those devices which are used to absorb the
sun's rays and convert them into electricity or heat. Description: A
solar panel is actually a collection of solar (or photovoltaic) cells,
which can be used to generate electricity through photovoltaic
effect.
7.water tank
A water tank is a container for storing water. They are used to
provide storage of water for use in many applications, drinking
water, irrigation agriculture, fire suppression, agricultural farming,
both for plants and livestock, chemical manufacturing, food
preparation as well as many other uses.

8. water sprinkler
Sprinkler/spray irrigation is the method of applying water to a
controlled manner in that is similar to rainfall. The water is
distributed through a network that may consist of pumps, valves,
pipes, and sprinklers. Irrigation sprinklers can be used for
residential, industrial, and agricultural usage.

9.high rpm torque12v motor

This is a high torque DC gear motor providing 32Kg-cm torque.
The motor generates a low RPM which is very ideal for making
gripper to pick and place heavy objects with greater accuracy.
Features of 150 RPM High Torque 12 Volt DC Gear Motor:
150RPM 12V DC motors with Metal Gearbox and Metal Gears.

10.farmio cutter blade

Farmio Cutter Blades are those parts of the combine that scraps
the surface of the crops like wheat, barley, corn, etc.