TABLE OF THEORY

Research Design: Descriptive Qualitative

Title : AN ANALYSIS OF PERSON DEIXIS AND SOCIAL DEIXIS ON THE DIALOGUES
IN OF ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FOR 7TH GRADE STUDENTS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
A. RELEVANT THEORIES
1. Relevant Theories of Concept Deixis

a. Definition

Sources Experts’ ideas about sub-heading 1

(O’Keeffe, Clancy, Deixis refers to the way in which speakers orientate both
and Adolphs 2019) themselves and their listeners in relation to the context of a
conversation
(Yule, 1996) Deixis is a technical terms from Greek for one of the most
basic things we do with utterances. It means ‘pointing’ via
language.
(Josephine, Deixis is related to the phenomenon of understanding the
Senowarsito, and meaning of particular words and phrases in the context of
Musarokah 2021) communication
Summary Based on definition above, we can coclude that deixis is the
technical term for analyzing words or phrase in utterance,
related between language and utterance context connected in
some individual, location, time, social context in
communication

b. Relevant Theories of Concept Person and Social Deixis

1. Concept of person deixis

Sources Experts’ ideas about sub-heading 2

(O’Keeffe et al. Person deixis is concerned with ‘the identity of the
2019) interlocutors in a communication situation’ (Fillmore, 1997:
61)
(Cruse 2000) Person deixis generally involves the speaker (first person), the
addressee (second person), and other significant speech
 situation participants who are neither the speaker nor the hearer
(third person).
Huang (2007) Person deixis is concerned with the identification of the
interlocutors or participant-roles in a speech event
Summary Person deixis indicated as expression related to participant in
utterance situation where the the utterance delivered.

2. Concept of social deixis

Sources Experts’ ideas about sub-heading 2

(Artelu and Indah Social deixis is the referring of social distinctions that refers to
2023) the roles of the participants, particularly those facets of the
social interaction between the speaker and the person listening
and some reference
(Yan Huang 2007) The codification of the social status of the speaker, the
addressee, or a third party or entity mentioned, as well as the
social interactions that exist between them, is the focus of
social deixis.

(O’Keeffe et al. Social deixis refers to ‘those aspects of language structure that
2019) encode the social identities of participants (properly,
incumbents of participant-roles) or the social relationship
between them, or between one of them and persons or entities.
Summary Social deixis is expressions that refer to social differences in
the roles of participants, especially aspects of social relations
between speakers and listeners or speakers with several
references.

c. Indicator person deixis and social deixis

- Indicator of person deixis

indicator Identificatior of indicator/characteristic

Indicator 1 Using person marker: which indicate the grammatical person of
of a noun, pronoun, or verb.
The pronoun is used to refer to the people involved in the
conversation like “I” “ME” “WE” “US” for firs person deixis,
 “you," "your," "yours" for second peson deixis and he," "she,"
"it," "they," "him," "her," "them" for third person deixis.
Indicator 2 Using possessive pronoun to show ownership of people or
things.
For example: my," "mine," "our," "ours" for first person deixis.
"your," "yours" for second person deixis, as well as "his,"
"hers," "its," "their," "theirs" for third person deixis.
Indicator 3 Using reflexice pronoun thath refer back to a person or thing.
reflexive pronouns found when the subject and the object of a
verb are the same.
The example of reflexice pronoun in deixis is "myself,"
"ourselves" for first deixis, "yourself," "yourselves" for second
person deixis and "himself," "herself," "itself," "themselves" for
third person deixis.
Indicator 4 Proper nouns are nouns that function as names for specific
places, people, or things. In person deixis context it can
referring to individuals or entities like the name of nou. For
example: first person deixis : "John," "Mary," "Alex," "Sarah"
referring to the speaker or someone closely associated with
them. Second person deixis: The name of the person being
directly addressed, for example, "David, could you pass me the
salt?"
- Indicator of social deixis

indicator Identificatior of indicator/characteristic

Indicator 1 Using relational social deixis:
Relational social deixis can be expressed by many qualities of
relationships that may be grammaticalized, for example kinship
terms, totmic relations, clan membership, etc. as made
available by the relevant social system (Ibid.).
Kinship terms indicate the intimacy among family members
and are used to demonstrate the hearer's relationship with other
family members.
For example: ma’am, grandfather, uncle, dad, sist, son, ect.
Indicator 2 Absolute social deixis:
Absolute social deixis is the other main kind of socially
deictic information. It includes certain forms which are
particulary reserved for certain speakers (Levinson, 1983, p.
91).
Social position The official form of office is used to indicate
social position and those who become cadres in government for
example: president, government, ambassador, professor etc.
 Indicator 3 Honoric form:
honoric are forms that are employed by the speaker to show
respect towards the referent like ma’am, sir, Mr. ect.
Doctor, professor, reverend used to indicate professional or
accademical status.
Friend and buddy is the form of honoric in informal context.

d. Relevant Theories of Concept Dialogue and textbook

a. Definition

Sources Experts’ ideas about sub-heading 4

(Wierzbicka 2020): ‘Dialogue is a term, in some communities, which can rally
people, through a form of action it names’.
(Greene and Greene Dialogue is an exchange of ideas and meanings that develops
2001) our thinking and helps us realize what we think and how we
value it.
dialogue is a sharing through language as a means of cultural
symbols and conversation as media to share.
Summary It can be conclude that dialogue is activity to share information
betwwn two person to develops thingking.

b. Definition of text book

Sources Experts’ ideas about sub-heading 4

Hutchinson and textbook is a guide for teacher in teaching and for learner to
Torres (1994) review knowledge.
(OALD,2000,p.1238 “a book that teaches a particular subject and that is used
) especially in schools and colleges”
Summary Textbook is a guidebook used by teachers in learning.

c. Advantages and Disadvantages Using textbook

Sources Experts’ ideas about sub-heading 4

 (RADIĆ- The textbook use to improve students language lerning. learnt
BOJANIĆ1 and about the subject content, and become familiarized with the
TOPALOV2 2016) cultures and way of life of people from foreign countries. On
(Advantages) the others hand can help teacher as teaching program and
support fo less experienced ones to gain confidence, test new
methodologies, and become aware of the pedagogical issues.
(RADIĆ- textbooks lack authentic texts since they depict preferences and
BOJANIĆ1 and biases of their authors and therefore may generate
TOPALOV2 2016) misjudgement, misconceptions, prejudices and stereotypical
(Disadvantages) representations of people from other countries. In teaching
materials are not suitable and convenient for classroom usage.

d. The criteria of good text book to anaylis.

Sources Experts’ ideas about sub-heading 4

(RADIĆ- Sheldon’s evaluation guide (1988, p. 242) contains seventeen
BOJANIĆ1 and categories of suggested textbook criteria: rationale, availability,
TOPALOV2 2016), user definition, layout/graphics, accessibility, linkage,
selection/ grading, physical characteristics, appropriacy,
authenticity, sufficiency, cultural bias, educational validity,
stimulus/practice/ revision, flexibility, guidance and overall
value for money.

References:
Artelu, Akita Putri, and Dewi Rosaria Indah. 2023. “Analyzing Five Types of Deixis in Cruella
Movie : Pragmatics Analysis.” 4(1):47–54.
Cruse, Alan. 2000. Meaning in Language Use. Vol. 1.
Greene, Jennifer C., and Jennifer C. Greene. 2001. “Dialogue on Dialogue.” 3890(200104):164–
80.
Josephine, Jessica, Senowarsito, and Siti Musarokah. 2021. “Deixis Analysis on Written Text in
Junior High School Textbook.” The 1st Undergraduate Conference on Applied Linguistics,
Linguistics, and Literature 328–36.
O’Keeffe, Anne, Brian Clancy, and Svenja Adolphs. 2019. Introducing Pragmatics in Use 2e.
RADIĆ-BOJANIĆ1, BILJANA B., and JAGODA P. TOPALOV2. 2016. “TEXTBOOKS IN
THE EFL CLASSROOM : DEFINING , ASSESSING AND ANALYZING 3.”
(178002):137–53.
Wierzbicka, Anna. 2020. “The Concept of ‘Dialogue’ in Cross-Linguistic and Cross-Cultural
Perspective.” (September). doi: 10.1177/1461445606067334.
Yan Huang. 2007. Pragmatics. Oxford University Press.
Yule, George. 1996. Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press.