IB ESS Topic 2 (General Review)

10/25/23, 11:31 PM IB ESS Topic 2 (General Review)
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IB ESS Topic 2 (General Review)
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60 Questions
1. Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to

________________.
A secondary B ecosystem
C primary D old field
2. How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
Lichens convert carbohydrates into Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria

A B
fossil fuels.
Lichens begin to break down rock to Lichens decompose organic matter

C D
form soil from animals and plants
3. What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during
secondary succession?
A lichens B climax community
C soil D pioneer species
4. What type of succession is shown going from figure A to

figure B?
A eutrophication B primary succession
C secondary succession D intermediate
https://quizizz.com/print/quiz/5dd50dd4edae95001b0ae1fe 1/13
5. After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth

through -
A climax community B limiting factors
C secondary succession D primary succession
6. Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem
to primary succession?
A A drought B A flood
C A tornado D A volcanic eruption
7. Which experiences the least change over time?
A Pioneer Species B Primary Succession
C Climax Community D Aquatic Succession
8. Which of the following best describes primary succession?
Volcano creates a new island of rock Tornado destroys a crop that must
A that must break down to form an B slowly grow back over time.
ecosystem
Forest fire burns down forest that Volcano wipes out ecosystem that
C must bounce back over time D gradually grows back from ash
covered soil
9. What term could be described as an equilibrium?
A secondary succession B pioneer species
C climax community D primary succession
10. If farmers use a controlled burn to prevent forest fires, what would most likely be
the first plants to return?
A mosses B trees
C grasses D shrubs
11. Which progression best explains secondary succession?
lichens>grass>shrubs>small trees> Volcano destroys

A big trees B ecosystem>grasses>shrubs>small
trees>big trees
mosses>creates soil>grasses>small Volcano forms new island>

C trees> big trees D lichens>grasses>shrubs>small
trees>big trees
12. In 2015 you visited a forest, when you returned in 2019 there was only small
plants. What is the most likely thing to have happened?
A preservation of a habitat B occurrence of a forest fire
C development of a parking lot D passing of a glacier
13. Which of the following is the correct aquatic succession stages?
Full ecosystem>trees>shrubs>fish Water only>small plants and

A and aquatic animals>plants> water B animals>sediment builds> pond fills
only with soil
bare fire>grass>shrubs>trees
C D
rock>lichens>grasses>shrubs>trees
14. Primary succession occurs in areas with:
A no soil B very little soil
C soil that has been disturbed D lots of soil
15. What best describes the term succession?
gradual changes over time to fully rapid changes that create an

A B
create or restore and ecosystem ecosystem overnight
C forest with the tallest trees D the rate species produce offspring
16. Why do grasses appear before shrubs in ecological succession?
can grow even in areas with shallow provide food for animals returning to
A B
soil the area
require plenty of sunlight to make loosen the dirt for new trees to take
C D
their own food roots?
17. A system made up of organisms interacting with one

another
A ecosystem B biology
C society
18. How does energy enter an ecosystem?
A sunlight B soil
C animals
19. The non-living parts of an ecosystem, such as water, sun, & oxygen are called
A biotic factors B abiotic factors
C ecology D habitat
20. All the populations in an ecosystem are called a
A climate B community
C habitat D population
21. The living factors of an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, & fungi are called
A abiotic factors B population
C ecosystem D biotic factors
22. An important abiotic factor in ALL ecosystems is the
A climate B animals
C ecology D plants
23. All life on Earth exists in a region known as
A the biosphere B an ecosystem
C ecology D a biome
24. Autotrophs are organisms that
consume plant & animal remains and rely on other organisms for their
A B
other dead matter. energy & food supply.
obtain energy by eating only plants. use energy they take in from the
C D environment to convert inorganic
molecules to organic molecules.
25. The total mass of living tissue at each trophic level can be shown in a(n)
A biomass pyramid B pyramid of numbers
C energy pyramid D biogeochemical cycle
26. Why are food chains, such as the one shown, limited to
4-5 organisms?
Organisms must share resources They are only limited when

A B
organisms are living on land.
Energy transfers are inefficient There are not more organisms in the
C D
ecosystem
27. According to the food web shown, what would occur if

there were a drastic decrease in the squirrel population?
A There would be more grass. B There would be fewer vultures
There would be more nuts and There would be fewer vultures &
C D
seeds. there would be more nuts and seeds.
28. In a forest ecosystem, a food chain might look like this:

green plants → rabbit → fox → panther
If the green plants are destroyed in a forest fire, which short-term effect will this
have on the organisms in this food chain?
There would be fewer rabbits for the The panthers would have to begin to
A B
foxes to eat. eat green plants.
There would be an increase in the fox There would be more green plants for
C D
population the rabbits to eat
29. At which trophic level can you find an herbivore?
A 3rd Level B 1st Level
C 2nd Level D 4th Level
30. Why are decomposers necessary?
A Because we compose too much... B So demusic can be really good...
To take complex materials and break To take basic materials and make
C D
them down to basic stuff... them more complex...
31. Which organism do the owl and the weasel compete for
in the food web?
A Grasshopper B Spider
C Hawk D Shrew
32. The pattern of air during thermal inversion is
A warm- cold- warm B cold- warm- cold
C there is no pattern, it is only cold
33. __________ primary productivity is the total amount of energy that producers
convert to chemical energy in organic molecules per unit of time.
A None of the above B Net
C Total D Gross
34. To measure primary productivity, you can measure carbon dioxide consumption,
total carbohydrates produced or ________________.
A dissolved oxygen B total proteins produced
C light energy entering system
35. __________productivity = the organic materials that remain after photosynthetic

organisms in the ecosystem have used some of these compounds for their cellular
energy needs (cellular respiration).
A Secondary B Net
C Gross D Primary
36. Which of the following processes removes carbon from

the atmosphere?
A Auto and factory emissions B Plant Respiration
C Photosynthesis D Animal Respiration
37. The rate at which producers convert radiant energy into chemical energy
A photosynthesis B gross primary productivity
C net primary productivity D trophic level
38. The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
They represent how water is It shows how sunlight flows within an

A B
transferred within a habitat. ecosystem.
They point to the organism that is They show what direction the energy
C D
being eaten. is flowing between organisms.
39. All of the production by photosynthetic organisms in a defined area over a

specified time period is known as
A Photosynthesis - Respiration B Net Productivity
C Gross Productivity D Photosynthesis + Respiration
40. If the amount of dissolved oxygen in the light bottle used for the investigation in the
lesson does not change, an explanation for this is
The rates of photosynthesis and no photosynthesis occurred

A B
respiration are equal
C Respiration is not occurring D photosynthesis is not occurring
41. Which of the following is an appropriate unit of primary productivity
A kJ/m2 B kg/m/day
C kg/m2/yr D kg/m2
42. One characteristic feature of the tundra is that only the

surface thaws in the summer and refreezes in the winter,
leaving a permanently frozen subsoil. This characteristic
is known as
A Hoarfrost B Crystallization
C Permafrost D Glaciation
43. The kangaroo rat is able to get all of the water it needs
through its food and therefore, never needs to drink
liquid. This animal has adapted to survive in which
biome?
A Tundra B Grassland
C Desert D Forest
44. Which biome is characterized by low temperatures and low amounts of rainfall?
A Temperate Deciduous Forest B Tundra
C Desert D Tropical Rainforest
45. The most important abiotic factors when studying biomes

are...
A Precipitation and Temperature B Rain and Sunlight
C Food and Water D Temperature and Oxygen
46. The biome known for trees with broad leaves that fall off
the trees in the winter.
Temperate Seasonal (Decidious) Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forests

A B
Forests
C Tropical Rain Forests D Deserts
47. Which biome covers most of the land mass near Earth's
equator?
A Desert B Tropical rainforest
C Temperate forest D Grassland
48. The rain forest soil is
A poor and rocky B thick and nutrient rich
C frozen soil D thin and nutrient poor
49. Which biome, because of its climate, has the largest number of species of plants
and animals?
A Rainforest B Coniferous forest
C Desert D Tundra
50. Plants with spines and waxy leaves are well suited for life
in which environment?
A Temperate forest B Grassland
C Desert D Tropical Rainfroest
51. True or false: The amount of nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere tends to vary
depending on temperature and latitude.
A False B True
52. A large region characterised by a specific type of climate and certain type of plants
is known as.
A climate B biome
C boreal forest (taiga) D canopy
53. __________ primary productivity is the total amount of

energy that producers convert to chemical energy in
organic molecules per unit of time.
A Secondary B Total
C Gross D Net
54. __________ primary productivity = the organic materials

that remain after photosynthetic organisms in the
ecosystem have used some of these compounds for
their cellular energy needs (cellular respiration).
A Secondary B Gross
C Total D Net
55. Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by
A Producer B Consumer
C Parasite D Decomposer
56. The biomass available for consumption by the herbivores and the decomposers is
called
A Net primary productivity B Gross primary productivity
C Secondary productivity D Standing crop
57. Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is
converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?
A 50% B 30%
C 2-10% D Less than 1%
58. During the process of ecological succession the changes that take place in
communities are
Not influenced by the physical Very quick

A B
environment
C Random D Orderly and sequential
59. The zone at the edge of a lake or ocean which is alternatively exposed to air and
immersed in water is called
A Pelagic zone B Lentic zone
C Benthic zone D Littoral zone
60. Succulent plant grows in
A Temperate deciduous forests B Desserts
C Tropical rain forests D Tundra

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10/25/23, 11:31 PM IB ESS Topic 2 (General Review)

1. Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to

C primary D old field

2. How do lichens contribute to primary succession?

Lichens convert carbohydrates into Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria

Lichens begin to break down rock to Lichens decompose organic matter

A lichens B climax community

C soil D pioneer species

4. What type of succession is shown going from figure A to

A eutrophication B primary succession

C secondary succession D intermediate

5. After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth

A climax community B limiting factors

C secondary succession D primary succession

C A tornado D A volcanic eruption

7. Which experiences the least change over time?

A Pioneer Species B Primary Succession

C Climax Community D Aquatic Succession

8. Which of the following best describes primary succession?

9. What term could be described as an equilibrium?

A secondary succession B pioneer species

C climax community D primary succession

11. Which progression best explains secondary succession?

lichens>grass>shrubs>small trees> Volcano destroys

mosses>creates soil>grasses>small Volcano forms new island>

A preservation of a habitat B occurrence of a forest fire

C development of a parking lot D passing of a glacier

13. Which of the following is the correct aquatic succession stages?

Full ecosystem>trees>shrubs>fish Water only>small plants and

14. Primary succession occurs in areas with:

A no soil B very little soil

C soil that has been disturbed D lots of soil

15. What best describes the term succession?

gradual changes over time to fully rapid changes that create an

16. Why do grasses appear before shrubs in ecological succession?

17. A system made up of organisms interacting with one

18. How does energy enter an ecosystem?

A biotic factors B abiotic factors

20. All the populations in an ecosystem are called a

A abiotic factors B population

C ecosystem D biotic factors

22. An important abiotic factor in ALL ecosystems is the

23. All life on Earth exists in a region known as

A the biosphere B an ecosystem

24. Autotrophs are organisms that

A biomass pyramid B pyramid of numbers

C energy pyramid D biogeochemical cycle

Organisms must share resources They are only limited when

27. According to the food web shown, what would occur if

A There would be more grass. B There would be fewer vultures

28. In a forest ecosystem, a food chain might look like this:

29. At which trophic level can you find an herbivore?

A 3rd Level B 1st Level

C 2nd Level D 4th Level

30. Why are decomposers necessary?

A Because we compose too much... B So demusic can be really good...

32. The pattern of air during thermal inversion is

A warm- cold- warm B cold- warm- cold

C there is no pattern, it is only cold

A None of the above B Net

A dissolved oxygen B total proteins produced

C light energy entering system

35. __________productivity = the organic materials that remain after photosynthetic