PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA

ARTS AND ARTISANS’ PRODUCTION, PROCESS,

MEDIUM, TECHNIQUE, CURATION
(MUSIC, DANCE, VISUAL ARTS AND FILMS)
Written Report

Arts and Production

Bachelor of Secondary Education

Major in Social Studies

March 2023

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Objectives ……………………………..………………………..…………………… 4
II. Arts and Artisans ……………………………..……………………………………… 4
III. Production Process …………………………………………………………………... 5
i. Three Stages of Production Process …………………………………………. 5
IV. Medium and Techniques …………………………………………………………….. 6
i. The Artist and His Mediums ………………………………………………… 6
V. Visual Art ……………………………………………………………………………. 6
i. Dimensional or Two-Dimensional Arts and its Mediums ………………………..... 8
a. Painting ………………………………………………………………………. 8
b. Drawing ………………………………………………………………………. 8
c. Printmaking …………………………………………………………………... 8
d. Photography ………………………………………………………………….. 8
ii. Three Dimensional Arts and its Mediums ………………………………………... 9
a. Sculpture ……………………………………………………………………... 9
b. Architecture …………………………………………………………………... 9
c. Crafts …………………………………………………………………………. 9
VI. Auditory Art ………………………………………………………………………... 10
i. Music ……………………………………………………………………………. 10
a. Vocal Music ………………………………………………………………… 10
b. Instrumental Music ………………………………………………………… 11
VII. Dance ………………………………………………………………………………. 11
i. Medium of Dance ………………………………………………………………... 11
ii. Elements of Dance ………………………………………………………………. 11
iii. Genre of Dance …………………………………………………………………. 13
iv. Technique Mostly Used in Dancing …………………………………………….. 16
VIII. Film ………………………………………………………………………………… 16
i. Mediums of Film ………………………………………………………………… 17
ii. Elements of Film ………………………………………………………………… 17

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I. Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

 Define an artist’s and artisan’s medium and technique;

 Differentiate between artist and artisan’s approach/technique toward a particular
medium;
 Explain the three stages of the creative production process; and
 Understand the production, process, medium, technique, and curation of different
kinds of art such as music, dance, visual arts and films.

II. Arts and Artisans

ARTS (ARTIST)

When we say art, it is the way or method of showing our imagination and creative skills. Art can
be an example of entertainment and a medium of letting our emotions go. There are different
kinds of art, it could be in a painting, drawing, writing or literature, dancing, movies, music, etc.

However, there will be no art if there are no artists. These artists are the people who create art
using their emotions and creative skills, like painters, dancers (choreographers), singers (song
writers), sculptors, etc.

ARTISANS

On the other hand, artisans are also artists who create different stuff. The difference between the
artist and artisans is that artisans create art or items using their hands and traditional techniques
as a work or job like they use the products that they made to trade or sell. An example of artisans
is those in the field of handicrafts, jewelry making, shoes and clothes designer, blacksmith, etc.

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III. Production Process
i. Three Stages of Production Process

Production Process

- It is the process of preparing or making of something a final product/production (concept

development), like theatrical production, live performance of cultural dancing or musical
production.
- Visual art production involves multiple processes including basic motor skills, such as
coordination of movements, visual-spatial processing, emotional output, sociocultural
context, and creativity. (ScienceDirect)

Three Stages of Production Process:

1. Pre-production
Pre-production is more on collecting ideas and planning for the things that should be
considered for the art or production like budgeting, creating scripts, choosing the right
people to be in the cast and production team, and listing the materials or equipment that
will be used.
2. Production

Production is more on timing for everything like the right time for lights, music, effects,
phase, and even the blocking of the casts. For an artwork it is the time when the artist is
collecting the materials that will be needed for the artwork.

3. Postproduction

The more common term for “post-Production” is “Editing.” This is where you begin to
piece your storyline together, fix errors that may have occurred in the Production process,
add professional graphics, color correct, adjust audio levels, insert video or images to
explain what someone is talking about on camera, etc. For an artwork it is the process of
deciding how it will be presented like displaying it in public areas or posting it on social
media.

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IV. Medium and Techniques
i. The Artist and His Mediums

Medium

- Medium is the materials that the artist will use to put the message, creativity, and emotions
of the artist in his/her artwork. An example of these is the kind of paints, color, canvas,
pencil, wood, brick, and anything that will help the artist to finish his/her works.

Techniques

- Techniques is method or what the artists will use to finish or create his/her artworks.
Techniques allow the artists to express their ideas and feelings through the way they
choose to make their art piece.

The Artist and Mediums

- Artists always decide what medium they will use to create better artwork. This medium
will help them create better ideas, better shapes, better set of colors, right emotions, and
way to let the artist deliver their message through their artworks. There’s a connection
between the artist and mediums that they use because this will help them make better
outputs that will make other people appreciate the artworks that they made.

V. Visual Art

What is Visual Art?

- Visual arts refer to art forms that express their message, meaning, and emotion through
visual means. Visual arts may be categorized as decorative, commercial, or fine art, such
as painting, photography, or sculpture.

Visual art forms may be created with the intention of aesthetically relaxing or pleasing the
observer. Some pieces of art are intended to amuse the audience by using amusing or engaging

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pictures or by telling an intriguing visual narrative. Some pieces of art may be intended to shock
or distress the audience in order to elicit reflection and conversation about a significant problem.

Visual art attempts to communicate a message and feeling through visuals.

Characteristics of Visual Art

Some common characteristics of visual art are:
 Line: the boundaries for shape
 Shape: the forms made from the lines, such as circles
 Color: the visual spectrum of light that is found in a rainbow
 Tone: the lightness or darkness of colors
 Size: smallness or largeness
 Perspective: the illusion of distance, such as near or far
 Pattern: visual repetition, such as polka-dots or stripes
 Texture: the look of flat, smooth, bumpy, or rough, without the need to be touched

Not all visual artworks contain all those characteristics,

and some may only need a few to become an impactful
visual. The result may be simple, complex, realistic, or
abstract.

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 Simple visuals can hold deep meaning or evoke strong
emotions in the viewer.

i. Dimensional or Two-Dimensional Arts and its Medium

Three-dimensional art is defined as art with all the dimensions of height,

width, and depth. Unlike 2D art, it occupies greater physical space and
can be viewed and interpreted from all sides and angles. 3D artists use
various materials manipulated into objects, characters, and scenes to
produce these artworks.

1. Painting - Painting is done on a surface, such as a canvas, a rock,

or a ceiling. Tools such as brushes, or methods to transfer paint, such as dripping, are
done to create an image or expression that may be realistic or
abstract.

2. Drawing - Drawing is the simplest type of visual art. It only

requires a drawing tool, such as a pencil, and a surface, such as
paper. By creating lines, there is shape. Details will make the
drawing look more realistic or complex. By adding visual texture,
perspective, or color, it becomes an illustration.

3. Printmaking - Printmaking is when an

image created in one form is transferred
onto another material to make the same
image but enhanced. The process is similar
to a manual printing press or typewriter,
stamps, and woodblocks or transferring an
image onto a t-shirt.

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 4. Photography - Photography is made with a camera. A manual camera requires film.
Digital photography can be easily edited or manipulated with apps. Photography projects
images of people, objects, scenes, or landscapes. Photography can capture images from
places that most people may never see, such as a war zone.

ii. Three Dimensional Arts and its Medium

1. Sculpture
Sculpture has a three-dimensional form. It may be made of ceramics, metal,
wood, plastic, or even ice. It may be realistic, such as a representative of the
shape and size of the human body, or it may be abstract, such as a sphere that
is symbolic of a planet.

Michelangelo, David, 1501-1504

Photograph: Courtesy CC/Wikimedia/Livioandronico2013

2. Architecture
Architectural Style Neo-futurism

Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as

distinguished from the skills associated with construction. It is both
the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, planning,
designing, and constructing buildings or other structures.

Burj Khalifa

3. Crafts
The term "craft" denotes a skill, usually employed in
branches of the decorative arts (e.g., ceramics), or in an
associated artistic practice (e.g., lacemaking). A key feature

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of crafts is that they involve a high degree of "hands-on" craftsmanship (hence the colloquial
term "handicrafts) rather than just skill with a machine.

Some crafts that are practiced by artists working alone are sometimes referred to by the vague
term "studio craft". Metal work, wood turning, glass blowing, and glass art are examples of
"studio crafts", as is pottery - notably the studio pottery movement exemplified by Bernard
Leach in Britain.
VI. Auditory Art

Auditory art is the art of arranging sounds in time to produce a continuous, unified, and
evocative composition, as through melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre. It is either a vocal or
instrumental sounds possessing a degree of melody, harmony, and rhythm; and the medium of all
auditory art forms is sound.

i. Music

Music, art concerned with combining vocal or instrumental sounds for beauty of form or
emotional expression, usually according to cultural standards of rhythm, melody, and, in most
Western music, harmony. Both the simple folk song and the complex electronic composition
belong to the same activity, music.

a. Vocal music

A men's chorus from the 1940s or 1950s

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Vocal Music is a type of singing performed by one or more singers, either with instrumental
accompaniment, or without instrumental accompaniment (a cappella), in which singing provides
the focus of the piece. Music which employs singing but does not feature it prominently is
generally considered to be instrumental music (e.g., the wordless women's choir in the final
movement of Holst's symphonic work The Planets) as is music without singing. Music without
any non-vocal instrumental accompaniment is referred to as a cappella.

b. Instrumental Music

An instrumental or instrumental song is music normally without any vocals, although it might
include some inarticulate vocals, such as shouted backup vocals in a big band setting. Through
semantic widening, a broader sense of the word song may refer to instrumentals.

VII. Dance

What is Dance?

Dance is an art form that uses movements to communicate our ideas, feelings, and experiences
(Bodensteiner, 2022).

Dance is said to be the oldest art form. It has been used by ancient people for worship, war,
courtship and for expressing gratitude. It is also both an art and a recreation. As an art, dance
uses bodily movements to communicate an emotion or tell a story; as a recreation, it provides
relaxation and fun.

i. Medium of Dance

There are 2 media of dance: The Human Body and Music

The human body acts as the medium to perform dance. When a person moves
rhythmically in performing to music, he/she performs dance. Dance needs music to
create a mood or atmosphere and music influences the phrasing and speed of
movements in dance.

ii. Elements of Dance

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There are five elements of dance, and it is abbreviated to B-A-S-T-E.

 B – Body
 Dance is an art form and by the human body. A dancer’s materials are
his/her arms, legs, heads and torsos which he/she manipulates or isolates to
create lines, shapes and forms.

 A – Action
 Any movement of the body while dancing is an action. Action includes
small movements such as facial expressions or gestures and larger
movements like lifts, carries, and catches. It also includes pauses and
rest between movements. Movement can be divided into two general
categories:
1.) Non-locomotor or axial movement- Any movement that happens
in one spot. It includes a bend, stretch, swing, rise, fall, shake, turn,
rock, tip, etc.
2.) Locomotor movement- Any movement that travels through space
including a run, jump, walk, slide, hop, skip, somersault, leap, crawl,
gallop and roll.

 S – Space
 Dancers interact with and occupy space in a variety of ways. They can
occupy a lot of space with their movements and bodies or just small
amount. Dancers can engage with space in different levels: high,
medium, and low; and can move forward, backward or diagonally
through space.

 T – Time
 Dance, like music, has a structured rhythm and pulse. It can also be
free-flowing or unpredictable. And choreographers have to make their
decisions about timing. Certain steps have to be quick or slow or be
repeated in different speeds.

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  E – Energy
 Energy helps describe how the dancers move. Are their movements
strong or sharp? Light and free? How the dancers move could convey
meanings, depending on the energy involved. For instance, a forceful
push may indicate anger.

iii. Genre of Dance

There are three main genres of dance: Ethnological, Social/Ballroom, and the Theatrical or
Spectacular Dance

Ethnological Dance - Ethnologic dance is native to a particular ethnic group. They are
performed by dancers associated with national and cultural groups. Religious rituals (ethnic
dances) are designed as hymns of phrase to a god, or to bring in good fortune in peace or war.

a. Tinikling - This dance is

considered as the national
folkdance with a pair of
dancers hopping between
two bamboo poles held just
above the ground and
struck together in time to
music. Originated from Leyte
province, this dance is in fact
a mimic movement of “tikling
birds” hopping over trees, grass stems, or over bamboo traps set
by farmers.
b. Maglalatik - This dance is originally performed in Binan,
Laguna as a mock-war dance that demonstrates a fight
between the Moros and the Christians over the prized latik or
coconut meat during the Spanish rule. This dance is also used
to pay tribute to the town’s patron saint, San Isidro Labrador.

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 It has a four-part performance such as the palipasan and the baligtaran showing the
intense battle, the paseo and the escaramusa-the reconciliation.
c. Pandanggo Sa Ilaw - This popular dance of grace and balance comes from
LubangIsland, Mindoro in the Visayas region. After a good catch, fishermen would
celebrate by drinking wine, dancing, swinging and circling around lighted lamp. It comes
from the Spanish dance “fandango” and is characterized by lively steps and clapping.

Social or Ballroom Dance - The primary focuses of this main category of dance are sociability
and socializing. Social dance is synonymously referred to as ballroom dances and it is performed
in social gatherings in any given space.

a. Tango - The Tango is a dramatic dance style that is popular in the United States and all
over the world. It is characterized by sharp, staccato movements and a passionate
attitude.

b. Foxtrot - The foxtrot is a graceful ballroom dance, in which couples use a combination
of long walking movements and short quick steps to glide across the dance floor.

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 c. Waltz - The Waltz is a smooth dance that travels around the line of dance. Characterized
by its “rise and fall” action, the Waltz includes a step, slide, and step in 3/4 time.

Theatrical or Spectacular Dance - This type of dance is performed for the entertainment of
spectators. It may take personal satisfaction in creating something beautiful. There are three
types of theatrical dances: ballet dance, interpretative dance, and modern dance.

a. Ballet - Ballet is a theatrical dance that features highly formalized steps and movements.
It uses body movements, music, and stage scenery to speak emotions, a story, an
atmosphere, or a theme.

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 b. Interpretative Dance - Interpretive dance is a dance style that includes lots of different
styles of dance in one. Interpretive dance comes from a modern dance tradition that
started in the early 1900s.

c. Modern dance - This dance makes the

people feel free and empowered with how
they express themselves in movement.
Modern dance is seen as a mix of
various genres, different styles of dancing
like tap, ballet and folk mesh together for a
unique style. It shows experimentation with
different elements, combining unlikely types
of dances together, and may even
incorporate source materials into the
performance.

iv. Technique Mostly Used in Dance

Technique - This is the skill in executing movements. Technique is the basis of all fundamentals
of dance, from holding your body correctly while performing, to executing skills properly in a
routine.

 Body Alignment
 Pom & Kick
 Leaps and Jumps
 CHAINE TURN
 PIQUETURN

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VIII. Film

What is Film?

Film - A film also called a movie, motion picture, moving picture, picture, photoplay or flick is
a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories,
perceptions, feelings, beauty, or atmosphere through the use of moving images. These images are
generally accompanied by sound and, more rarely, other sensory stimulations. The word
"cinema", short for cinematography, is often used to refer to filmmaking and the film
industry, and to the art form that is the result of it.

i. Medium of Film
As a medium, film is unique because it captures life in a way that cannot be captured
through other forms of art, like painting or photography. The medium of film
traditionally shows the actions and reactions of the characters.

ii. Elements of Film

To analyze movies, you need to start with a clear understanding of the important
components of film that are used to tell a story. A film has five basic elements:
literary design, visual design, cinematography, editing, and sound design.

1. Literary design. It tells what the film is all about. It consists of the script, theme,
and structure of the story.

2. Visual design. It is what we see on screen. It has different components which are:
a. Costume. What the actors wear to portray their character.
b. Set design. It is how the room or space is set up.
c. Blocking. It is the arrangement of actors and props before the camera.
d. Performance. It is the actor's character, expression, mannerism, and
movements.
e. Lighting. The amount of light needed to contribute to the meaning and
look of the film.

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 f. Hair and Make-up. This entails putting special effects on the
appearance of the character. It includes what the actor is wearing and how
it is arranged to enable the actor to portray his character in the film.

3. Cinematography. This is a general term for all the manipulations of the film strip
by the camera in the shooting phase. Each of these choices affect the recorded
image and how the viewers perceive it.

4. Editing. This is the sequencing of the shots of the film. It is also known as "the
key to cinema" as it is the formal element that is unique to the medium.

5. Sound Design. This deals with the sound components which contribute to the
mood and setting of the film.

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 The Three stages of production. Jacks Blog. (2017, April 20). Retrieved from
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