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Week No. 6

TITLE OF ACTIVITY: Lathe Machine Capacity

I. EXPECTED COMPETENCIES

After completing this module you will be able to:

1. Determine the maximum taper sizes that could be generated using the compound
rest method.

II. THEORIES / PRINCIPLES

Taper

A taper is a uniform change in diameter of workpiece measured along its axis. Inch
system expressed in taper per foot, taper per inch, or degrees. Metric system expressed as
ratio of 1 mm per unit of length. It provides rapid and accurate method of aligning
machine parts and easy method of holding tools.

Taper Turning

A taper turning is performed on work held between centers of in lathe chuck. There
are three methods of producing taper as follows:

 Offsetting tailstock
 Taper attachment set to proper tpf
 Metric by calculating guide bar offset
 Adjusting compound rest to angle of taper

Compound Rest Method

This method employs the principle of turning taper by rotating the work piece on the
lathe axis and feeding the tool at an angle to the axis of rotation of the work piece. The tool
mounted on the compound rest is attached to a circular base, graduated in degree, which
may be swivelled and clamped at any desired angle. Once the compound rest is set at the
desired half taper angle, rotation of the compound slide screw will cause the tool to be fed
at that angle and generate corresponding taper. This method is limited to turning a short
taper owing to the limited movement of the cross slide. But a small taper may also be
turned.

The compound rest may be swivelled at 45°on either side of the lathe axis enabling it
to turn a steep taper. The movement of the tool in this method is being purely controlled by
hand, thus giving a low production capacity and poor surface finish. The setting of the
compound rest is done by swivelling the rest at half taper angle, if this is already known. If

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
 24

the diameter of the small and large end and Length of taper are known, the half taper angle
can be calculated from the equation {Tan α = (D-d) / 2L}.

Method used depends on work length, taper length, taper angle and number of pieces.

Method used depends on work length, taper length, taper angle and number of pieces.

Formulas:

L = LmaxcosƟ/2

D = d + (tan Ɵ/2 ) 2L

III. TOOLS, EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS

1. Various Machine Tools in the Workshop.

(Note: Machine data to be sent by the instructor.)

IV. TASKS (STEPS) & KEY POINTS

1. Based on the given data (to be sent by the instructor), fill in the data recovery sheet.
2. Calculate the major diameter, the length of taper and diameter ratio.
3. Graph the result.
4. Answer the questions below.

DATA RECOVERY:

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for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
 25

Note: Units in mm

Graph Result:

1. Taper Angle vs. Diameter ratio

2. Taper Angle vs Major diameter

3. Taper Angle vs. Length of taper

QUESTIONS:

1. Cite the limits in the generation of maximum size of taper.

2. Discuss another method of cutting taper on the lathe and cite its limitations.
3. Sketch the tool and work set –up in taper generation by compound rest method.
4. Draw a taper piece and label its elements.

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
 26

Week No. 7

TITLE OF ACTIVITY: Machine Capability of a Lathe Machine

I. EXPECTED COMPETENCIES

After completing this module you will be able to:

1. Determine maximum flat surface that can be generated on the lathe.

II. THEORIES / PRINCIPLES

Lathe Size

The size of an engine lathe is determined by the largest piece of stock that can be
machined. Before machining a workpiece, the following measurement must be considered:
the diameter of the work that will swing over the bed and the length between lathe centers.

Figure 7-1. Engine Lathe

Source: http://uhv.cheme.cmu.edu/procedures/machining/ch7.pdf

III. TOOLS, EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS

1. Various Lathe in the Machine Shop.

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
 27

IV. TASKS (STEPS) & KEY POINTS

1. Visit the equipment assigned by trainer.

2. Measure the nearest distance from the live center to the bed ways.
3. Position the cross slide and compound rest perpendicular to the axis of the live
center.
4. Fully open the compound rest.
5. Position the tool post, in such a way that the cutting tool will move towards you
at an angle and the tool post will not touch the work.
6. Align the cutting tool to the live center by moving only the cross slide.
7. Move the cross slide to its maximum capacity towards you and the compound
rest also towards you.
8. Measure the distance travelled by the cutting tool from its tip to the tip of live
center.

Note: The above steps are supposed to be performed in workshop area but due to pandemic
the data will be sent to you by your instructor. Answer the following questions.

Data Recovery

1. Solve for the maximum surface that can be generated (Show your computations).
2. Solve for the area of the maximum surface generated.
3. Sketch how the maximum surface is determined.
4. Show the maximum cross slide travel.

QUESTIONS TO ANSWER:

1. What are the most common factors affecting the maximum diameter that can be faced on
the lathe?
2. What conclusion can you make concerning the biggest diameter that can be faced on the
lathe?

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
 28

Week No. 8

Title of Activity: Determining the maximum dimensions that could be drilled and
mounted on the drill press

MACHINE CAPACITY

I. EXPECTED COMPETENCIES

By references to machine controls and standard cutting speeds and feed data;

1. Determine the minimum and maximum drill diameters that could be used for the
following materials

II. THEORIES / PRINCIPLES

Capacity is the maximum amount that something can contain or produce.

Machine Capacity is the maximum measure (Output) that the machine can produce
by performing its intended action. To attain that maximum parameters, there are certain
factors to be considered like proper set-up, maximum travel and the like, to meet the
required output you should know the technical capacity and specifications of your
machine tool whether it is capable.

III. TOOLS, EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS

Reference tables for Cutting Speeds and Feeds for high speed steel cutting tool,
Machine data. (to be sent by the instructor through chat group)

MACHINES:

Available drill press in MET

IV. TASKS (STEPS) & KEY POINTS

1. Inspect the machine specified for their available speeds and feeds.
2. Record data available.
3. Record formula for computing spindle speeds.
4. With reference to cutting speed table, calculate for the diameters required.
5. Enter computations and graph the results.
6. Refer computed diameters with available feeds.

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
 29

DATA RECOVERY:

MACHINE : __Drill Press_(Use 5 mm diameter HSS drill bit)

MATERIALS MACHINE
ALUMINUM BRONZE CAST IRON
USED STEEL

Average Cutting
Speed
75-90 meter 45-90 meter 20-25 meter per 27-43 meter
per minute per minute minute per minute

Average Feed 0.0762 mm/rev 0.762 mm/rev 0.762 mm/rev 0.762 mm/rev

Minimum Spindle
Speed

Maximum Spindle
Speed

Maximum Feed
Rate

Minimum Feed
Rate

Note: All units must be in metric

Formulas: CS = 𝝅 D N

Fr = F x N
Where: CS = Cutting speed Fr = Feed rate

D = diameter of drill F = Feed

N = spindle speed

Drill Diameter used should be in step of 5mm interval

Graph: (Use graphing paper)

Drill diameter vs. Material vs. Feed rate

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
 30

V. TEST/ REVIEW/ EXERCISES

ESSAY: Briefly discuss the following

1. Why do you have to consider the feed in this particular exercise or activity?
2. What is your observation concerning the available speeds of the machine with
respect to the drill size to be used?

VI. PRODUCTIVITY TEST SHEET/RUBRICS

DIRECTION: This form should afford the Instructor to rate the Productivity/Performance of
the student/s for a given Employable Skill/Activity/Project. On the space provided for, write the
points which likely coincide with your evaluation for each of the following factors:
OUTSTANDING – (9-10); PLUS, SATISFACTORY (7-8); SATISFACTORY (5-6); BELOW
SATISFACTORY (3-4 / NEED TO REPEAT)

SATISFACTORY TASK PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT

With the resource’s student have, internet access and other mode of electronic media the student
was able to:

1. Determine the minimum and maximum drill diameters that could be used for the
following materials

FACTORS RATING

A. QUALITY / APPEARANCE (Symmetry,

Workmanship, Finish)
B. ACCURACY/CRITICALITY (Exactness of
specification)
C. TIMELINESS (Submitted module ahead of
the schedule)
FINAL GRADE

REMARKS:
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This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.