A Lesson Plan in Physical Science

I. Objectives
(Chemistry)

Given varied learning activities, the students will be able to:

a) identify the evidence of chemical reaction

b) write the chemical equation and identify the reactants and products.
c) differentiate the types of chemical reactions
d) state the law of conservation of mass
e) apply the law of conservation of mass and balance a chemical equation
II. Subject Matter

Lesson: Evidence of Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions

The Law Conservation of Mass

Concept:

All materials are made of chemicals. Chemical reactions involve interaction

between chemicals such that all reactants are changed into new materials. The properties
of the new materials are different from those of the reactants. This is distinct from other
changes such as evaporation, melting, boiling, freezing and mixing where changes
involve no new substances. While heat is often necessary to start reactions, this need not
be the case.
Chemical reactions involve breaking chemical bonds between reactant molecules
(particles) and forming new bonds between atoms in product particles (molecules). The
number of atoms before and after the chemical change is the same but the number of
molecules will change.

Although many chemical reactions proceed quickly, small, slow changes such as
rusting or biological processes can take place over much longer periods of time.

Chemical reactions are reversible (a fact often omitted in many science texts) but
in practice most differ from other changes children observe, such as melting, by being
very difficult to reverse.

Humans use chemical reactions to produce a wide range of useful materials; the
breakdown of waste materials also involves chemical reactions that occur naturally in the
environment. For some human made wastes, there are no such reactions and they cause
problems as a result.
Skills: Identifying. Critical Thinking, Analysis,

Values: Respect, Patience, Teamwork, Obedience

References:

1. EASE II. Chemistry Module 14. Lesson 1. BEAM III. Unit 7.18

2. Demonstrate Understanding of the Processes. Bonding. Module 1. March

2009

3. EASE Science. Module 6. Lesson

III. Procedures

A. Review/Preview
a. To start the class, the teacher will give different facts about chemical reactions:
i. Chemical reactions involve the production of new materials which are quite
different from the reacting substances. Any new materials come from the
reacting substances.
ii. Changes that may accompany a chemical reaction include color,
appearance and production of new materials, for example, a gas.
iii. Chemical reactions are used to produce most of our energy.
iv. Chemical reactions are used extensively to test, identify and analyse a wide
range of materials (for example, pool testing kits and forensic tests from
television shows such as ‘CSI’).
B. Motivation

All right! We'll be dealing with a fresh topic this morning because you already know all
about those items, but first, let's do an experiment.

Divide the class into four small groups.

I'll hand out the materials and instructions for the activity. You only need to follow the
instructions on the activity sheet. And you just have 5 minutes to complete the activity.

C. Presentation of the Topic

1. The teacher will present the topic “Chemical Reactions”.

2. The teacher will ask the following questions:
a. What is the evidence of chemical bonds that can be observed physically?
b. How do these chemical reactions determine the different concepts that
underlie the lesson?
c. Why is it important to learn about the different chemical reactions?

D. Lesson Proper

The teacher will elicit an activity entitled “Class Brainstorm Web” wherein the teacher
will post a diagram to review the previous lesson that was discussed in their Grade 9 year.

New substances are produced during a chemical reaction. The chemical bonds of
the compounds are broken, and the atoms that make up the substances separate and
rearrange to form new substances with new chemical bonds. A chemical reaction occurs when
this procedure occurs. A chemical reaction is the transformation of one or more chemicals
into one or more new ones.

We seek for a chemical change to detect a chemical reaction. A chemical change

always results in the formation of one or more types of matter that are distinct from the
matter present before to the change. Because rust is a different kind of stuff than the iron,
oxygen, and water present before it formed, its development represents a chemical change.
Because the gases created are vastly different types of matter than the original substance,
the nitroglycerin explosion is a chemical transformation. Other examples of chemical changes
include laboratory reactions (such as copper interacting with nitric acid), all forms of
combustion (burning), and cooked, digested, or decomposing food.

After eliciting responses from the students, the students will recall the different kinds
of chemical reactions that will occur in a reaction of chemicals.
• Color Change
• Release of gas
• Formation of precipitate
• Production of heat and light

Physical changes can almost always be reversed. For example, when liquid water
freezes and forms ice, you still have water. It is just in a different state. If you dissolve sugar
in a glass of water, you can evaporate the water to get back to the solid sugar. This is a
special kind of physical change called a phase change. A phase change is a change in state or
form in which no new substance forms.
Our world is also full of chemical changes that take place every day. They help us
stay warm, feed ourselves, drive cars and play games on our smartphones. Everything you
see around you is either undergoing or has undergone chemical change. This includes inside
of you!

A chemical change, or chemical reaction, is a process by which one or more

substances are changed into others through chemical means. This may involve a substance
joining together with another substance. It may also involve a substance breaking apart into
different substances. A chemical change is a change in which at least one new substance
forms.

There are 5 different types of chemical reactions that can be used during in
identifying and describing the change of chemicals.
• Synthesis or decomposition
• Combination
• Single Displacement
• Double Displacement
• Combustion
E. Follow – up Activity

The students are then tasked to do an activity which is classifying the different types of
chemical reactions. The teacher will give out a chemical reaction. Then, the students are
tasked to identify what kind of chemical reaction is present and explain why the students
have choose that type of reaction.
F. Generalization

The teacher will ask the following questions to summarize the discussion.
1. Define the different chemical reactions.
2. Differentiate the chemical reactions.
3. How can this evidence prove the existence of chemical reactions?
4. What is the significance of chemical reactions from day to day basis?
IV. Evaluation
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Objectives:
• Identify the evidence of chemical reaction.
• Write the chemical equation and identify the reactant and the product.
Directions: Pay close attention to the questions and statements. Then choose the word or phrase
that best describes your answers and click it.
1. The evidence of chemical change is freezing of liquid water.
a. True
b. False
2. In chemical reactions, atoms are neither created nor destroyed.
a. True
b. False
3. A chemical reaction can be detected through physical change and chemical changes
a. True
b. False
4. Filing a balloon with natural air is one example of chemical change.
a. True
b. False
5. A chair is being thrown out of the window, this a chemical reaction.
a. True
b. False
6. What is an example of a chemical reaction?
a. Dropping a fizzy tablet into a glass of water
b. Dropping a lemon juice in a glass of water
c. Shattering glass with baseball
d. Scratching a key across a desk
7. What are the three factors for burning to occur?
a. Fuel, oxygen, and kinetic energy
b. Fuel, methane, and energy
c. Fuel, fire, and oxygen
d. Fuel, oxygen, and heat
8. What is an example of evidence of a chemical reaction in the evolution of a gas?
a. A temperature change occurs
b. After mixing the tablet into a glass of water it produces bubbles
c. The lighting of a matchstick produces light or fire.
d. Rusting of an iron due to its reaction to oxygen.
9. Who proposed the first idea of phlogiston theory of burning?
a. George Ernst Stahl
b. Johann Joachim Becher
c. Antoine Lavoisier
d. Albert Einstein
10. He debunked the phlogiston theory and proposed the theory of oxidation.
a. George Ernst Stahl
b. Johann Joachim Becher
c. Antoine Lavoisier
d. Albert Einstein
V.Assignment
Do an advance reading about the Balancing of Chemical Equations and Law of
Conservation of Mass