3.

1 What factors might explain the significant gap between the availability of e-books on mobile
devices and the relatively low percentage of children who have read books on smartphones or
tablets?

Children today are growing up in a digital media environment where the use of technology in
educational and domestic settings has become increasingly commonplace. A rising number of
children across all socioeconomic classes utilize mobile and interactive media daily. According
to the study, which surveyed parents of children under eight years old, mobile devices are
present in most homes. As a result of greater exposure to technology, children now have
multiple opportunities to engage with and explore digital devices. Children participate in a wide
range of digital activities, including early literacy experiences. Children's books are becoming
more widely available in digital form on portable electronic devices. The study examined how
interventions using interactive e-books impacted young children's literacy development as
compared to reading non-interactive and non-enhanced e-books, listening to printed books, and
participation in regular educational programs.

3.2. What insights can be gained from analyzing parent-reported reading behaviors in terms of
the choices between print and e-books for children?

Shared book reading between parents and children is considered one of the most impactful and
valuable parent-child activities according to research. It is viewed as one of the most beneficial
things parents can do with their kids to foster early language and literacy development.
Enjoyment of reading and reading for pleasure are also regularly associated with shared
reading, and these attributes have strong links to reading achievement and engagement with
reading throughout life. However, with younger children now routinely encountering reading
material in digital formats at earlier ages, the growing availability of digital reading resources for
kids has begun to significantly impact and change traditional reading habits at home. Per the
study, many parents have differing perspectives on the advantages and disadvantages of
exposing their young children to digital media and technology, including reading books in digital
form. The reading behaviors of children with digital books are influenced by their parents'
preference for printed books, and their mediation techniques have been found to be less
effective compared to printed books.

3.3. How might understanding parent preferences for children's reading materials, including e-
books, inform the development of more effective digital reading resources and apps for young
readers?

Over the past years, research on children's digital books has expanded into a multidisciplinary
and methodologically diverse field, focusing on books created by researchers or for commercial
sale as well as qualitative and quantitative research techniques. This article seeks to explain
conflicting results in the literature on reading print versus digital books, focusing on children's
digital books in relation to the interaction among parents' reading strategies, children's
characteristics, and book features. Some contend that comparing children's results between
print and digital books ignores important contextual and design factors. This approach does not
account for crucial process variables, including how parents and children interact with various
book elements and how this interacts with the learning process of the children. The field would
benefit from more practice-focused research that considers complex sociocultural influences
that may interact with the unique design elements of electronic books.