4.

FANCONI ANEMIA:
Fanconi Anemia is a genetic
disorder that affects the
production of blood cells in
the bone marrow. This can
be caused by mutations in
several genes involved in
the DNA repair process
which can lead to
abnormalities in cell division and an increased risk of cancer.

5. ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA: Ataxia-
telangiectasia is a rare genetic disorder that
affects the nervous system and the immune
system. This is caused by the mutations in
the ATM gene, which is involved in repairing
DNA damage and regulating the cell cycle.

“ Disruptions in the cell cycle can lead to the death of certain types of cells and
contribute to the symtoms of the disorder ”.
HERE ARE 5 DISORDERS AND DISEASES THAT CAN RESULT FROM THE MALFUCTION OF THE CELL DURING
THE CELL CYCLE:

1. CANCER: Cancer is a disease that occurs when there is uncontrolled

growth and division of abnormal cells in the body. This can happen
due to mutations in the genes that control the cell cycle, leading to
the formation of tumors and potentially spreading to other parts of
the body.
Here are the some of the most common causes of cancer:
 Genetics: some types of cancer are caused by inherited gene
mutations, which can increase the risk of developing cancer.
 Environmental Factor: exposure to certain chemicals, radiation, and
other environmental toxins
can increase the risk of
developing cancer.
 Lifestyle factors: certain
lifestyle choices, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and having
an unhealthy diet, can increase the risk of developing cancer.
 Infections: certain viral infections such as HPV ( human
papillomavirus ) and hepatitis B and C, can increase the risk of
developing certain types of cancer.
 Age: The risk of developing cancer increases as people get
older.
 Hormones: some types of cancer are hormone-dependent, such as breast and prostate cancer, and can
be influenced by hormonal changes.
“Its important to note that cancer is often caused by a combination of factors, and not all cases of cancer
have an identifiable cause.”

2. PROGERIA: Progeria is a rare genetic disorder that causes accelerated

aging in children.Children with
progeria generally appear
normal at birth. This is caused
by the mutation in the LMNA
gene, which leads to abnormal
cell division and premature
aging.
LMNA gene provides instructions
for making several slightly different
proteins called lamins.

3. DOWN SYNDROME: Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs

when there is an extra
copy of chromosomes 21.
This can lead to
development delays and
other health problems,
which may be due in part to
disruptions in the cell
cycle during embryonic
development.