IELTS Writing Task 1 GDC English

How to describe a process

How to organize a report to get high score in Task Achivement & Coherence-Cohesion
A process could be cyclical or linear, natural or man-made. In some cases, we see two
processes in a question.
For all of these possibilites, we have to notice the stages (number, key features) & the two
ends (the starting point and the ending point). This is so important.
Introduction: paraphrase the words of the question, we normally use some expressions like:
+ the diagram shows various stages involving the production of
+ the diagram illustrates how sth is made
Overview: for most cases, state 2 key points:
+ how many stages?
+ where to start, where to end
If possible, add in any special steps (exp: a new material added or an interchangable step)
Body 1: Describe the first half of the process/ the first diagram (in case of two diagrams
displayed)
Body 2: Describe the rest.
(be noticed: pay attention to what the readers/listens are looking for, proofreading is
essential step to make a report perfect).

How to use words & structures to get high score in Lexical Resources & Grammartical
Range and Accuracy
The language used in a diagram discription is very important.
1. Expressions for order
Purposes Expression
Bước đầu tiên The first step in the process is..
A is initially Ved…
To begin with,…
The process commences with…
Bước tiếp theo At the following stage,..
,followed by…
In the next step,
A is Ved, subsequently.
After being Ved, A is…
Các bước đồng thời While…,….
At the same time, …
Simultaneously,…

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IELTS Writing Task 1 GDC English
A is Ved, thereby Ving…
Bước kết thúc Finally,…
The last step is that…
The process finishes/concludes with…

2. Words used to describe action on substances

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IELTS Writing Task 1 GDC English

3. Frequent structures
Structures Examples
Câu bị động At the beginning of the process, clay is dug from the ground.
S + be + Ved
Mệnh đề quan hệ giản The tomatoes boiled are moved to the grilling stage.
lược dạng bị động
S (Ved) V O
Giản lược chủ ngữ Having been poured into a shallow tray with some water, the
Ving…, S V O pulp is then mixed by hand
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ While bottles are transported to a cleaning factory, other
While…,…. kinds of waste are buried in landfills.
Giới từ mở rộng Olives are smashed into olive paste, with olive stones being
S V O, with O being taken away.
Ved

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IELTS Writing Task 1 GDC English
Practice:
Ex1: The diagrams show where and how silk cloth is derived and produced.

The diagrams illustrate the various stages in the life of a silkworm and the process of
producing silk cloth.
There are four main stages in the life cycle of the silkworm, from eggs to adult moth. The
process of silk cloth production involves six steps, from silkworm cocoon to silk material.
At the first stage in the life cycle of a silkworm, the moth lays its eggs. Around ten days
later, silkworm larvae hatch from the eggs; these larvae feed on mulberry leaves. Then,
after four to six weeks, the larvae become covered in silk thread, and it takes between
three and eight days for a full cocoon to be produced.
For silk cloth production, a cocoon is first selected and then boiled in water. After boiling,
the silk thread that makes up the cocoon is unwound, and then several strands of thread

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IELTS Writing Task 1 GDC English
are twisted together. At the fifth and sixth stages in the process, the thread can either be
dyed and then woven into silk fabric, or it can be woven first and then dyed subsequently.

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IELTS Writing Task 1 GDC English

Ex2:

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