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ren.: +38 (04331) 4-15-8S

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orrno"o,"p*o*"''r'. @u:noloru" s"orrro ,orou*tAr*u
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KJIe'ror{HbIX crpy*Typ, a raruKe MexaHH3MbI'hx pery,rxqkrr4
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llporqe roBopfi, $n:nolorur r43yqaer pa6ory 3.[opoBoro qenoBeqecKofo
opraHg3Ma. : :

oco6essocrr I'I3yqeHpI{ Qa:uolorl'tu B HarrIeM Kypce cocroHT

B ToM, qro Mbr lygertt'3yr{arb reJro rleJroBeKa
no'Hee nocrl4qb Kpacory Foxsero rBopeHl4t, rIo3HarL Sora c Lienblo
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npocnaB'Tb Eora s HalnHX Teilax v, B KoHIre KoHr{oB,
' KaK coxpaHnrb HarrIH TeJra 3AopoBbrMh rr cnoco6nrtnan
corpyAHr.{rrarb c xuByrqfiM B Hr4x Ceqrrrtu{
nyxorvr.

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cerroro {yxa, Koroporo i4Meere elr or Eora, u
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Bbt xpav EoNuft, L4 Ayx Eoxnfi xnBer n sac? Ecra
Tofo rroxapaer Eor: u6o xpanr FoNufi cB.sr; a erol
xro pa3op,r xpan Eoxnfr,
[xpatr] _ nlr. :

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locno4a uypanxitcn or 3na: :ro 6yger 3ApaBr4eM
Anrr rera rBoero 14 nr{TaHueM A,,r Kocrer TBor,rx.
o3fl c' l7 (7,8) 7 <Eor ssrqercs TBopIIoM, :HCTHHHITM Anropor.r He roJ'rbKo
HpaBcrBeHHoro 3aKoua, Ho r
$nsnvecnux' Ero 3axou 3aneqarJleH Ero co6crseuuol pyroii B Kax(qoM HepBe, KaxqoM MycKyJre u raxAofr
cnocodHoc'iitvelo""xu, Koropbte o"rn, lut", err,ry. Tnopeq qeJroBeKa
co3raJr ero nogo6Ho cJroxHoMy )rcHBoMy
IvlexaHH3MV' gvlecHa xarurar
SyHKuIafl ero opfaHl'r3Ma, nporyMaHHax c 6orsulofi Myrpocrbro. lior ropxecrBeHHo
tloooelllajr rIoAAep)KI{Barb 3Tor tleJloBeqecKI4fi naexagu:u B 3AopoBoM
pa6orocnocooriona cocrofHHH, ec,rl' qeroBeK
Syger noBl'IHoBarbcs EoNruu 3aKoHaM H corpyrHHqarr
c Huu. KaxArril 3aKoH, ynpaBnrroq urt lr^trccJro)KHr,rM .

MexaHI'I3MoM tleJloBeqecKofo retla (ero npoucxoxefeHae,

cMbrcJr u:rraveuue), .qonr*"" paccMarp,Barbcq raKprM
BoHc'fl4Hy EoxecrseHublM, KaK u croso 6oxre. xe
Bcxxr,ft ue6peNHufi, HeBHr4Maren"rrifi nocrynoK, Bc{Koe
noBpexAeHl{e 3TOrO qyAecHofo )KHBO|O MexaHH3Ma,
co3AaHHOro Eoronr, B6I3BaHHOe npeHe6peNrreJrbHblM
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3anoua Eoxrero. Msr naoxeu
B3l4parb Ha AeJra Eoxrux pyK B npl{pore I'I Bocxalllarbcq
HMH, Ho qeJroBer{ecKr4rz opmFru3M ,BJr,rerc, caMbrM
tiyAe CHbIM npoH3 BeAeHraerr.r
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a)Eu6nux,
rpyArr l$xa llpopoq""i"a,
-Esruue 1:26'28 26 vr cKa3iul Eor: cornopuM qeJ'roBeKa no_ o6pa:y Haurevy no no4o6uro Haurenay, n ga
BJIaAbIT{ecrByror oHH Ha4 psfaun MopcKHMH,
H HaA nrplqarrau se6ecilir*i, nu4 ,noror, H HaA Bcero 3eMrero, H HaA
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27 LI eoraopr.lr For qeroneKa ^ no o6pa-:y
Cnoerrly, no o6pasy Eoxnro
corBopl4n erc; Myxt{HHy I'I )I(eHIIlHHy corBopun r4x.
28 14 lnarocr'roBHit nx 6oq H cKa3alr nu Eor: *oorr"r, ,
pa:uuoxaftrecb, H HanoJIHqfiTe :el\'nrc, u o6nagaite
elo, H BJraAr,IqecrByfire na4 pr6auu MopcKLIMr.r I,r HaA nr'riaM,
HC6CCUIINAN, 14 HAA BC'KHM XHBOTHI'IM, fiPEOMbIKA}OU]HMC{ NO 3CMJIE.

6; Kpacora EoNrero rBopeHr4, noKa3areJrtcrBo corBo pelr4frEorov.

-
flc 138:13-18 -
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MeHr Bo r{peBe Marepu uoefi. 14 cnasnro Te6a,
noror'{y qro q AuBHo yerpoeH: Tnou,
lraaHst 4ena H 4yllra MorBnoJrHe co3Haer sro. 15 He coxp,osr.6rr:1r or Te6s
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e Teoefi KHI4|9 3anucaHbl Bce AHI,I' Ant MeHfl, Ha3HaqeHHbre, ""r^r""r,
KorAa Hra oAHoro H3 Hr.IX erqe He 6'lo.:17 Kax
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, Bce eule c To6oro
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flc 8 4 Korla B3HpaIo '{,'Ha ' gelo Tnoux
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Ha ny}ry H 3Be3Abr, Koropbre Tsr nocrae'r, 5 ro uro
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qro Tu,noceulaeub ero? 6 He lauoro Tlt yualul
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YIc.43:.7 .:..Kax+lofo KTo Ha36rBaercq Mor4l,l HMeHeM. xoro.f QoitBopun AJIx cnaBbl Moefi, o6pa:ona,r u ycrpou,'t.i
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rH, Har{aJlbcrBa irl,r, Blacru iIH, - Bce 14u, u Ann Hero co:Aano;

4. qro nponrour"ro noc"re rpexona,reHHq?

lpex npuae:i K pa3leneHuro Eora H ireJroBeKa. Haqa,rocr $u:nuecrce i4 lyxoBHoe Bblpox(AeHHe r{eJloBeqecrBa.
Ern 3 - r4cropnfi rpexonaAeHut.
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cnS.
3aKoH mo6spr, 3anr4caHHrrii 6orou B qeJroBeKe, 3aMecrraJlcfi 3aKoHoM 3fol43Ma.
Pr.rv.5:19 A6o, KaK HelocnyilaHr4eM o.u,Horo qeJ'roBeKa cnera-rrHcL, MHofHe fpeulHblMH, TaK n flocnyuIaHHeM oAHoro
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Prau.3:23 llorouy qro Bce corpeunnn n tlaiueHbt cJIaBbl Boxuefi...
O3ll c.l 8(9,10): 6o,re:us - pe3ynbrar rpexa.
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3a-rro)KeHHbre B LreroBeKe, cKJIoHeH Hapyularr, u 3aKoH, IIpoI43Heceguuil Eorou Ha Cregae.
Hau Cnacurenr, npeAynpelxla-rr Cnoax yqeHHKoB o roM, qro HenocpencrBeHHo nepeA Ero Bropsll,l npl4lxecrBHeM
nroara 6ylyr npe6urart B TaKoM xe cocrorH'iu, KaK H Aonoronustfi uup.
r{e,ronen 6y4er norJloqeH yAoBoJIbcrBtrttMH,
rr3nflfirecrByfi H B nnule, H B nHTLe. B Hacroxulee BpeMfi MbI BI4AHM fiMeHHo raKoe nolo)KeHue eetrleft. Becr unp n
3Haqr{TeJrrHoil creneHH npeAancr qpeBoyroA}4}o, cKrroHHocrb cJIeAoBarb Ml4pcKHM o6rl.Iaqla Aenaer Hac pa6aun
BpeAHbrx, H3BpaureHHblx npxBbrqeK - npHBbrqeK, Koropble 14 Hac ynoAo6nsrcr o6peueHuttv )KI,treJItM CoAoma. .fll
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n-'l oTc Kt4 r,1 xeJIaH Hrl\/l.
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B 3AopoBoM cocrogHL{I4,
pa6oranu rapMoHr{trHo i4 corJracoBaHHo, - Bor rrro Aonxtrlo 6uru:aAaqeiluzyueaun scefr uautefi x(H3HH. leru Eoxsu
He Moryr npocraBnqrr cBoefo He6ecnoro Orqa, 6ygyvn $u:uuecrur 6onrHuun, c oqepcrBeBlnHM pa3yMoirt. To1 rro
norBopcrByer Bc{Koro poAa HeBo3Aep}KaHHocrH B eAe H nlrrbe, Btrycry}o pacrpaql{Baer cBo}o Qn:ravecrcyro 3Heprt{ro
N ocna6,rger HpaBcrBeHHLIe cHJIbt,
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BHHMaHHeM H3yqarb nx. Mu AoJrxHbr 3Harb HX rpe6onaHnn no orHoureHnlo K HaileMy opraHu3My H npt{Aepxo4Barbct
Hx. HesHaHI4e 3Tilx rpe6onauuit tBJlfiercrl rpexoM)).

5. Hanaepenus Sora o nac cerorss - BoccraHoBJteHl4e AyxoBHoe u $n:iauecxoe.

O3ll, c.44 <Mbr oSq3aHbI 3Harb, KaK,HaAo coxpaHtrl caoe reJro B caMoM HalaJryqilreM cocrot{Hplu, H TIoMHHTL, qro
Haua cBsrr\eusas o5x:anHocrb - xr4Tb, eorJracHo roMy cBery xoropufi 6or no Ceoefi MHnocrH AapoBan HaM).
O3fl, c.43 <HnrcIo n: 6oqqaxcs Eora,qe Aon)KeH 6srru paenoAyunbrM K cBoeMy 3AopoBbto I4JIH x(e lsctnrr ce6x
HaAex(Aoir, qro HeBo3Aep)KaHI4e He qBrflercfi rpexoM H He oKDI(er HuKaKoro BnpIflHH-s Ha AyxoBHoe cocroflHue.
Mex4y $n:nuecnnna ecrecrBoM H HpaBc'rBeHHbrM cocrorHI4eM cyillecrByer recHat B3ahMocBt3b).
Mt< 7:12 Ho qro6sr Bbr 3HaJrr{, qro CsiH r{enoseqecxpril aueer B,lacrl Ha 3eMJIe rtpox]arb rpexn, - toBopI4T
pacc,ra6leHHonry: 11 re6e foBopto: BcraHb, Bo3bM14 rtocreJll TBolo H l4Au e Aora rnofr.
lIp 4:20-22 Crrs rwoft! cJroBaM MouM BHr4Maft, r.l x peuau MoHM npr,rruroHu yxo rBoel Aa He orxoA*T oHI4 or rJIa3 TBolrx;
xpaHl,r r{x BHyTpr{ cepAua TBoefo: noroMy r{T0 oHH )r(H3Hb AJir Toro, KTo HarrJeJr I4x, lI 3ApaBIae'Ant Bcefo reJla ero.
tlc. 1 02; I-Ic. I 06: 17 -20. VIc. 58'.7 -11 .
IrIg:. 18;]1 OlneprHrare or ce6x Bce rpexu Bairrt4, KoropbrMu corpettranu Bbr, 14 corBopure ce6e HoBoe cepAlle H Hoetltt
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cepAue nJlor.flHoe.
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O3tJ c.1 6(2) - BoccraHoBrenhe. <Eor xelaer, qro6lr Mbr Aocrufnu Toro ypoBHe coBepileHcrea, rcoropufi crttr Alfl
Hac Bo3Mo)KHrrna 6laroAapn Aapy Xpncra.,Ou rlpn3blBaer Hac cAenarb npaBuinurft sst6op, n:6paru To, rITo
nprrroroBur.Io Anr Hac He6o, npuHrrb npIaHIIHnbt, Koropble BoccraHoBrr s Hac EoxecreeHurtfi o6pa:. B Csoet\r
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o3n 27(30) <focnoAl o6erila-rr ApeBHeMy r4spavmw, rtro, ecJ'rh HapoA ocraHercr
yKa3aHutM, oH 6y4er trs6asreH or Bcex 6o,re:Heii, Ko'ropbre KorAa-To
ro KoHria Bep*ibrM Eny, c.negyn Ero
locno4r HaBer Ha ergnrflH; Ho,3To o6erqaHue
6lulo 4aHo Ha ycJloBHH tlocnyIUaHI4.s. Eclu 6sr ra:pan,rurnHe noBuHoB€urHcb
3Tr{M yKa3aHnrM H Bocnonr,3oBaJ.rr4cb
npeAocraBJIeHHbIMH HM [pel4Mytr{ecrBaMl'1, T6 oHH craJIH 6tt
An.q Bcero MHpa HarJIqIHbrM npuMepoM 3AopoBbfi H,
npollBeraHl'{n'l'Ispauns npeHe6per Eoxlnna 3aMbIcJIoM H noroMy He nonyquJ'r
o6eulaHHrrx 6narocloneHiaft. Ho raKr,re
My>Nvt, ran l4ocu$, Moucefi,
ffanuun,I4nwx u MHorHe Aplru{e;: s3;sror co6oft 3aMeqareJrbHbre npuMepbr HcrHHHoro
3AopoBofo o6pa:a X(H3HI4' 14 n :Hatnu 4uu noqo6Harl BepHocrb
Aa:ra 6sr re )Ke pe3yrrbrarr,r. flnx nacHanprcaHbr
cneAyIoII{He ctloBa: "Ho BbI - pog u:6paHurtfr, qapcreeHHoe cBquleHcrBo,
HapoA cBtrrrfr, lro4n B3trbre n y4en,4a6rr
Bo3Be[rarb coBeplileHcrsa llpu:eanrnero Bac I43 rbMbr n uy4ulril Ceofi
ceer" ( I lJerp, 2:9)>>. CkI,2g3
o3n 34(37)o 40 - llpnvep,flanuwnaB uapcKoM ABopqe. (fharaHne
flaauuna- $ I I7, 241,242.) Heroronsocrr n
fpoMKoMy rornr{y. CU 1, 486, 497
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u scex lrcAefr
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rIo3HaKOMr4Tberr c caMErM
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Teira Ha pa3yM H 3aKOHbr, HMH ynpaBnrloque)).
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CII r.7, c.65 - Boc[rrraHue xapaKTepa, BJrr,rrHr,re Fra Apyrux.
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rIpoBoAHTb Bce 3To B )KI43Hb' TorAa Bce BoKpyf Hac BbIrJItAelo
6rt coBepIIreHHo HHsIM. Po4lrre,ru! Hayuure cBoHX
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3.{opoBr,r, oHI,r noHecyr
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nr4aMeTpe Ec.erc coTyro Aonro MHJr-[HMeTpa. olgaro, oTAenbHafi rcrgTKa He Mox(eT BbrxHTb BHe opfaHH3Ma, ecJIL{
TqnbKo He. KyrrbTaBHpyQTcq B cneuuaJrbHbrx ycnoBr4qx. ,

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B3AHMONOAqAHEHNf., -
KAK BHYTPI4 CAMOiI K]'ICTKI,i, TAK H B OTHOUCHH'X MC)KAY KJIETKAMH. ECIU NAKA'-TO T43 KJIETOK
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o[yXOIlb, noryOtlla]Orllafl nfiTTteilbHble BeU{ec'rB?. H H€, nOAr{HHt}ollla.qcq HpIKoMy;

r{acru KJrerxrr:
T. Kreroquar vev6paHa
II. IJraronna:ua
IILOpraHe,rnur
IV. .flapo

[. Krero.rnar nneudpana. :

BAoln noBepxHocra xaxqaoft KrerKH cyuiecrByer (ilorpaHnqHafl creHa)), r4rr,r Kireroqnan nreubpaHa, 3arurloqaloulat
e ce6e xe.;"reo6pa":noe BeuIecrBo - quronna3My. To:ruluua :roii ueu6paHtr 1-6110 000 rnru.
(Dyuxuur rcreroq Hofi uev6passr:
1. floggepNunaer $oprnry xirerKu u cra6ulrHocrb ee co,qep)KxMoro
2. KouramHoe yfHereHlle: B HopMe, KrerKa nepecraer pacrv, KorAa ee creHKH conpuKacalorcfl co creHKaMn
coceAHI,IX KIeTOK.
3. O6ecneqi4eaer ns6npateJlLHoe ABH)KeHHe xHMHqecKHX BerriecrB Mex(Ay xlerrcofi n oKpyxcarcqefi ee

, lepe3 KoTopLIe BOAOpaCTBOpHMbIe M0ileKynbt (r,rroro:a, aMI4HoKr,rcJlOTbt, BOAOpacTBOplZMbre

KaHaJ'IbI,
enramnHut) npoHilKalor BHyrpb rurerKH, XnpopacreophMbre BeulecrBa (xapHtre Kr4cJrorbt,
xflapopacTBopl{Ml'Ie BHTaMHHbI H xMpopacTBopHMbIe SuroxuuuvecKHe Beulecrea) nponuKaroT cKBo3b xHpi,I
naem6panrr.
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increl,rsr BbrAeJr*or a rcponr).
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[oMofa[oT oTJ]Hr{I4Tb (C BO I{X) OT ( rIy)KHX)}.
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Crpyrcrypa x,reroquoft ueu6pansr:

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nHcnorofi).
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HacuuleHHlte Nilapbt nphAalor xleroqHoft naeu6paHe xecrKocrb (cra6nnu:aqrar). B flpouecce npoxox(AeHr.rt
pa3nHr{Hblx BeIrIecTB r{epe3 cTeHKy KJIeTKU, OAHH H3 HHX paCTBOprrrOTC{ B )Kr.rpe, ApyrHe BbIXonqT HenocpeAcTBeHHo
r{epe3 nopbl ntena6paur't, a HeKoropble rpe6yror Halrvqvs
AonoJrHHTerbHbrx BeulecrB-IIpoBoAHHKoB.
3. Eennu - MoneKynbt 6e:rrca oKpyx€Ior MoJIeKyJIbr )Kr.{poB c HapyxHofi 14 BuyrpeHuefi cropoHu no rhny
<6yrep6poga),'fAe )KHp r{Bnr ercq Ha.{r4Hxoft .

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t HHcyJIuHoBble peUeilropu (cax:slBascb c nHcyJtI,IHoM, npoITycKaror ero c r:rrcxo:ofi BHyrpb xlernu),
. peqerlTopbl K aAeHo3iliry (uefiponroAynqrop B Mo3re, xoropufi rroAaBnrer BbrAeJreHr4e ueftporpaHcnrurr6pon,
qTO B CBOIO oqepeAb [OAaBJtffeT aKThBHOcTb HepBHbrx xrrerOrc).
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AenarcT rureroqHyrc rraerra6pauy
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Brryrpb xJrerKr4. Ecriz s
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r Auraoncr,rAaHTb,r. , .i,
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' K MoneKyJIe. rlro6u crarr 6onee cra6a,rsHslnan, ceo6o4Hue,paAHKanrr (Bopyror),Herocrarolllue
r4M
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cno6ogHrn'tu paar4KanaMvr. 3ror [poqecc decroneqnux.Kpax npo.qon]Kaercr
Ao rex Hop no6a 6enxu
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B cBoro oqepeAb Hapyuaer pa6ory xnerKn.
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xpoHuqec*He
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Aualer.
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Hefirpa-rfisoearr Hx) c HanaAeHHeM Ha KrerKH, TKaHu r{na opfaHbr ofpoMHoro KoJrurrecrBa
cso6o4ustx paAI4KalIoB. Orcu4araenrtfi crpecc BoBreqeH e
$opnarapoeaHne ocJroxHeunft Ha SoHe
MHorI4x xpoHl4r{ecKl4x :a6olenaunft (Hanpramep, ocJro)KHeHHri caxapHoro gua6e.ra).
'/ AutIaoHctaAaHTbI npe"4orBpalqalor nopaxeHr4e K;reroK cno6oguunau pa.ql4KanaMLr,
TaK KaK orAalor
<orpa6leuHLiM) MoreKylarut caofr 3neKTpoH r.r nperr{TcrByror TaKHM o6pa:ona
nocneAyroul1aM
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tr4croqHnxH aHrnolrcilnaHros :

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a[enbcuHbr, cunuit BuHo f p a.q, Kr{B r{, po3o Brrfi rpeft n$ pyr.
6) Oeoqu: qecHoK, xeftlrr, unnHar, 6proccelrcrca, Kanycra, 6porcrcolu.
e) BuranauHrr-aHTuoKc,rAal'tr: C, 6era_rcapornu, E lr pu6o$nanuH.
t obesgoxusaHHe cBg3aHo co cnoco6uocrblo ra3oB rrpoHnKarb cKBo3b rraerr,r6paHy rc.reroK
nlireM naccl,IBHofo
rpaHcnopra
o Mygpoe ofpalll4qeHple norpe6:reHun rcatopuit- 3aMeAnrrer crapeHhe xleroqHofi uerra6paHrr.

{yxonuufi yporc
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KJIeTKH 14 HapYKy Moryr npoHHKarb re HnI4 lrHbre BeurecrBa,
n KJIerKa nsr6upaer, qro nycruTb, a qro He nycrgTb.
Mrt uueev pa3yM, coBecrb, r{epe3 Koroprte Csqrofi,{yx nogcna:blBaer HaM, qro nplrHnMarb
B cBo}o )Kr{3Hb, a or r{ero
crol'tr orKa3arucx. {nl coxpaHeHnt x(H3HH a gyxonHofi u
$n:uuecnofi, ,Mbr (rcan n rnerrcu) AoJrxHbI nocroqgHo
6ogpcreonarb Ha crpaxe; r,IHaqe B Hac npoHuKHer ro, r{To corper Ha.o,y LrHEr4BHAyaxbHocrr,
I,I, B KoHrre KoHrloB,
yHHr{TOXHT Hac.

IL l{nron'na3Ma pacnonaraercs Mext{y xrero.iuofi naeu6pauofi H rApoM, cogepxoar 70-g0yo

eoAst. I{nronlasua
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noge, , . n - : :
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cTpyKTyp, Ha3bIBaeMLIx opraHenJIaMH, KoTopLIe BbInoJIHrIloT Bax${yrc pols.
KleroqHbre cTpy}flypbr Moy1Ho
rpeAcraBHrb B BhAe uHQpacrpyrcrypbl fopoAa. Taxxe qurorrJra3Ma KreroK
npoHu3aHa rpexmepHofi-cerxofi n:
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rhnr4rrecKyr.o $opnay,'o6ec[eqHBaer cBfl3b
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' aMHHoKHcloru). B pe:y:urare 3Tax xnMI4qecKHX pearqnfi,o6pa:yercx 3Heprurfl, 3a cqer roropoft npoucxoAfir
ocTa-rlbHbte npoqeccbr B KJr€TKg;
f{parcru uec Koe npu MeHeHr{e 3Ha H r{ fr o m nroxosApr{fl x
o OngugecKHe yilpa)KHeHut yeenur{HBaror qucro lz o6reu MHToxoHApafi s cep4evuofi nlsturqe H Mbrrilqax
-, cKeJ'rera. YnpaxHeun_n * co;tuequsrft cser:6olsrue unroxoHgpr.tfi neM npr4 ynpilKHeHr4rx B noMeil-(eHrru.
c BprautlHbi rpynnbl B (ruantuH, pa6o$nasr.rH, nauroreHoBa{ Kncrrora) Heo6xo4rarvrbr rns cHHTesa ATO.
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t''Oxupeuue 'u gua1er BeAyr K HapyuleHr.rrc $yHni1ufi.uuroxoH4prafi. OxnpeHue, HanpuMep, Hapyuaer
cnoco6socrb MprroxoHApurt cxurarb )Kapbr. ., .

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HayqHTbct ee coxpaHtrb H npl,ryMHox(arb, qroSrt oHa 4ocrofiuuu o6pa:ol,r co4eftcrroBaJla ycnexy r eelurofi
xr.r:Henuoft 6opu6e>.

2) 3ngon,ra3Marr{qeeKrrfi pernxy.nyM: -' 3To rleras cr{crernra (cerr) pa3BerBneHHrrx rpy6oueK pr MerloqKoB, rro
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rr qApo. llo cyru. 3To cHcreMa Aopor (KJrerKpr-ropoAa).
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Qopuy H pacnonafarcTc.s Ha
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irefi pu6ocoMaMp{ Ha3LlBaerc.s uepoxoBarblM 3HIonna3MarHr{ecKHM peruKyJtyMona. Ecrr eule rnaAKprfr * oH orBeqaer
3a AerloHllpoBaHue K€Lnbl-lvlfl Lr &pyrr4x BelrlecrB, a raKlKe 3a cHHTe3 j'rHnr4AoB.

4) "Tln:ocomrt flpeAcraBxqlor co6ofi ue.nrqaftuue MetrioqKu, 3anoJrHeHHbre $epnaeHrauu, Koropbre Aa]or

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B ToM
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noBpexAeHHbre, ((H3HoureHHbreD opraHeJrJrbl 14
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Jltt3ocoM B ruIerKax ner{eHl'l n e :refinoqutax. Ecln ueu6paHa JIH3ocoM ilo Karcofi.ro ilpprqgHe noBpe}(Aaercr,
$epir,|eHrlr BbIXoAtlr 143 Hee I,I yHl,Ir{Toxa}or BCe Ha qro flonana]or. :ro cnoco6crByer o6pa:osaunro ceo6o^urrx
paAHKaJroB.

IIpaKTrrqecKoe ltpr{MeHeHrre :uasuft o,Tlr3ocoMax

(D aKroprr no epex,aaroune N4 eN{6 paHy rra:o co Na :
{ HHrKas KoHueHTpalrat KllcnopoAa noBpexAaer rpr3oconu aprepufi, a olkr pa3pyrxaror KJrerKH caMr{x
aprepHil r,r MhnueqHbre KrrerKH cepArla.
,/ I,ls6rlroK y:*rpa$uonera noBpexraer rr43ocoMbr rcrreroK Ko)Kh
'/ I4g6rtror BuraMHHa A nonpex4aer ru3ocoMbr KreroK rcocruofi TKaHu pa3py[IeHr{e K]rerorc Kocrlz.
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Hanpnuep,',4EHl.a{clr'roAHoepevrbuuo la:s oAHbM uaripaeneurzr;
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8) xryruxu - 3To oAHoHanpaBJIeHHbIe Bbipocrbl xleroqHofi nert6paHr,r.

E4uHcreeHHr,re rreroBer{ec*oM
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or rlrrronJra3Mb . ,;.,, rl . .

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qro ecJIpI pacKpyrHTb cnI4paJIeBHAHylo
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qeJloBeKa.
Bca reHernqecrcaa tlH$opMallat pa3AerTeHa Me)KAy 23 naparvwxpoMocoM
(ncero 46 xponaocorra). KaNqqar xpoMocoMa
pa3reneHa Ha KpoueqHble orpe3KH reHbl, Koropblx
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e xaxAoft xpoMocoMe orpoMHoe KoJruqecrBo. g1,ua nz xaxroin
orua, a BTopar or Marepu. rro3ToMy B noJIoBbIX rcrrerKax
(cnepuaro:or4[br M qftqeKnerrcH), coeglrHffou{uxct
npH orrnorot"op."rr, corep)KHTcq ro,rrbKo 23 napttxpoMocoM,
qro6rt B HoBoM opfaHlz3Me 6rtro e HaJrHrrI4r4
46 xpomoconr. B uolrerr onnoAorBopeH'rr reHbi
Aalor HHcrpyKu'ro K
$opuuposaHHlo HoBoro opmHn3Ma. Xpouocourr orua orBerraror 3a noJr pe6eHna. Xpouocolrrlr
Ha3brBarorca X u y, n
3aBI4cI4MocrH or HX $opiuu' Y xeuuluu o6e xponaocoMbr
sro X-xponao"or"r, a y MyxG{r4H oAHa xpoMocoMa
X' a 4pyrar - Y' Ecnu cnepMaro3oaA, coAep)Karqufi X-xpor'ro"ory-onrroAorBoprer
B nape
xftqexlerKy, Koropas BcerAa r{Meer
ToJIbKo X-xponaocoir'tbl, To poAHTct
AeBor{Ka, a ecJlr4 cnepMaro3ouA, orrJloAorropunruufr rfrqex-nerrcy, co4epxnr y-
xpoMocoMy, TO pOAIITCfl MaJrbqprK.
Xponaocousl Mo)KHo yB'urerb B Krer*e noA MHKpocKorroM
ToJrbKo Bo BpeMr AeneHuf, KrrerKa, B Apyrce BpeM, oHH
HEBHAHMbI.
fen - sro cnequ$u'recKat IIocJIeAoBareJIbHocrb 6oree rrrcqq' Hy*lreor'AHbrx ocHoBauufi,
co4epxairlgxc, BHyrpH
xpoMocoMbl' KaxAsrft reH orBerlaer 3a cuHTe3 oA'oro
onpereJleHHoro BHAa 6e:rHa, roropslfi Moll(er BbrnoJrHflTb poJrb,
Hanpl4Mep, Sepnaeura, ropMoHa, crpyKTypHofo KoMnoHeHTa
KJrerKu ur.g. I4z Bcero KoJrrzqecrBa reHoB Mo)KHo
lllAenurr reHbr, KOTOpbre aKnrBHO pa6oraror r{ Te, KOTOpbre HaxoAlrcfl B cnr111eM pexo.{Me.
Ycroep{s axrHsHocrpl teHos - 3To I{x Hy)Iuocrr
lurfl opraHr43naal T.e. rcorga ueo6xogr,rM npoqecc, :a roroprrfi
orBeqalor orIpeAeJIeHHlIe 6ernn, To coorBercrnynqufi reH
craHoBHTcr aKTHBHbTM H 3arrycKaer o6pa:oeaHge 3TI,tx
6erKo e. Tarcuv u ycJTo Br,rqMr..r fi BJrrrorc, np aHqunrr
3 OXt.

np"*.o *n'""r, oooapa:*rr"' u,s.*lllll,"iiil.url*1ffi:ff#l]f u no.,non rxaHu npv Han','ur4

"u Ecmz qerroeeK
AocrarosHofi $n:uvecnoft uarpy:xl't. MiuroaKrHBeH, To reH, xoroprd peryJrr,{pyer 3Tor npoqecc,
nepexoAHT B cnftuee cocro'{Hple, u rca-nrquft o'IeHl
cra6o ycBauBaercq, n 6olrureft *ap, vro
BeAer K ocTeonopo3y. ""rrogHTcflH36ocrefi,
Y qenoeexa ecrl oco6eHHstft <reH orAbtxa), roropslfi aKTraBrcupyercr
B BeqepHee BpeMr, Hoqbrc n a cy66ory. oH
ooecnequnaer BoccraHoBJIeHHe Haluero opraHu3Ma B r{acbr
orALIXa. Ecln oH ManoaKr}IBeH (nocrorxurlfi c crpecc,
HerT'ocraroK cHa a r'4'), To y qeJroBeKa HaqHHaror (cAaBarb))
oAHH opmH 3a ApyrHM,
Haql,rHax c foJloBHoro Mo3r-a.
co6ruoAeHHe 3aKoHoB 3AopoBbt, co3Aaer onrrlMurJrbHbrii
$oH 4m 'rJ ----------"r
SyHrcqraoHr,rpoBaHnr reHoB,
' vrrvut n
rt Aaree rvrDr nogpo6Hee
A@tev nasr rruAF
o6 grov noroBopgM.

B ceqroM csqrtlx cKptHHH Hrpamrrnu, so. no*.f#:ff*Iff:aKoFra,

Koropbre Aorr)KHbr 6ruru oxpaH.,irb Bce
cSepu )KH3HeretreJIbHocrH Bcero HapoAa H K&r(Aoro qerosena
B orAeJrl,Hocru. B Hux Eor orcprll ceofi xapanrep u
8
 ,,,,,,,.,:,!I, M jJI' ((HAIII. A O M 21,@,HB H,Or-40 f l4fi .q E il O B E KA
o-cHoe'ofi :arcoH BceleHHoii .r u.ciryxeHl4s.,flogu4ga.rcr 3.ToMy 3aKq'ry,
r-,: : laKoH,nrcoeu M,br.Bg'yl.4eM,no4-saul!T)t:, :i.. ,

I loAareJls Bcex braf n cauoil )I(H3HH. Hapyutal 3Tor or oxpaHbr:H.Iroilaour loene;[g:L];,8:..:

3aKoH, Mr,i orKzl3brBaeMcr ,
KoHIIe KoHI{oB' caMH yHur{Toxaeu ce6s. Tax, a Ceoux AyxoBHbIX n
$usnuecrc"" au*onu*, So. a*iuryoailrynu"ro
xolcpqfi o6ecneqsa€eT:HarreMy reny,,,4y.Iy n:p#yMy , ..., . ,1.- ,
o.pxair4. M.oM,,FLtIrorHeHrze
llrXlli]:oj^1lryji.gy*
lloMora€r H4ryr lrcrlorr.HurL Soxlro eonro,g Hatuefi,xrasHra,-
T.T:.T|::,1ns4ryil9.HFqe {vHfulaqHupoBiau4e, FTa()Ke
xapaKrep naupy. EonerHb AorI)KHa 3acralur1, r{erroBeKa 3aAyMarbcfl o nprur"*
:l:fjt: :f" ee Bo3HHKHo Be11,e H

KaxAar K-IIerKa )KHBoro opraHu3Ma cocroHT H3 HecKoJlbKux qacrefi:

Ilegrpona ynpaBneHHs )IcusHbro
o6olognlr, u^rn*trr, opraHeJlJr a flApa.
tlBrrlercq rrApo, 3arqrTTurna 6aprepoM KneroqHas o6oloqxa, a opraHeJrnbr
KJIeTKH
-
cyqecrBylor Ans o6ecneqeHl'Ifl )Kl'l3HeAe{TeJIbHocrH gcefi Kretxu n ee pasMHo)KeHHr.
Bce xlerxu B opraH,3Me
Lr BIIH'L.oI oAHa Ha Apyrylo. o6pa: )r(H3Hlr r{eroBeKa HanprMyro Brrr4.rrer Ha
f::,1.T:iY:.T3^:::T
QyHKUraoHr,rpoBaHne
KJTeTO K OpfaHH3Ma.

,{onaaurHee 3aAaHrle.
tr raca no g ns noro rH H H3y qeHH u fi v arep a,r
::::::: :: yK :1"_.
*r roAfoToBI,rTbcq TecToBoMy KoHTponrc.
n

a.,,,rt -

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 MMLU (HAIII AOM,, QI43I4OilOf\4fl I{E/IOBEKA

Tenra. Klerxa. '. .' .:

flogreiua. cuHrer 6eana. B,rHqHHe o6para *H3HH Ha ifHK. Txasn.

CrpourellHblM Marepl4anou, <<xnpnavaMl{)), rJIt crpouTenr,crBa KneroK opraHH3Ma rrBrsrorcr

6e,r6oerre uo,rerylrr.
Ee,roi< cl4Hre3l{pyercx e pu6oconaax, a KoHrponb 3a 3rr,rM npoueccoM
ocyuqecrnrrer {HK,
aH$opuar1nrc o crpyKrype Bcefo opraHn3Ma a KalrAoro H3 BHAoB Oe,rr<a n orAerr,Hocrn. -r";;;;;;",
C.O-
Taruv o6pa:o;u, "or
cocroflHrrf IHK aaar.rcnr crpyKrypa Bcefo opfaHH3Ma B UenoM n rcaxc40fi ero KJ]erKn.

flpoqecc o6pa:oaaullq':6errca:,
l) 'r IHK coAepxl'{rc.fl scr nnsopltarrufi o ctpyrcryp" 6e:rra a ero cr.rHre3e,'uo IHK HHKorAa He noKhraeryApo
TIeTKI'L '... ..:,.
Z) orKyAa pu6oconarr:Hator, naxofi 6elorc Hy)KHo cr4Hresnponarl?
K ArrK npl'rKpennfercx aHQopuaql4oHHat PHK unn pn6oHyx,rin]roBafl Kt,rcnora (ra-pFIK),
Fry)trryrc rzu$opuaqr,lro'H nepeHobar ee Ha pn6oconnlr.
oHa cr{lrrbrBaer c IHK
)
3 apyrofi sHa PHK - TpaHcnoprnar (I-PHK)- AocraBnrer x pra6ocomau Heo6xo4uMbre rnr cunresa 6errca
AMI{HOKI,ICJIOTbI.
4) eue o,qHH ul'u PF{K - pn6ocoua,rrHa.s PFIK (p-PFrK) - flB,qrercq <KaHeofiD ua rcoropofi npogcxonr.rr crrHre3
6erKasplt60coltax'
,:: . . r.,,

1. r'rHcyrrr4H - cnoco6crsyer npoHlrKHoBeHrrlo aMhHoKr.rcJror B KnerKH;

2. ropMoH pocra (:colaarorponuu)
- yBenrzqrrBaer caHre3 6elxa.
CrnnalT rrapyror sHpa6orK-v fobt\aoria: rny6oxiaii coH, nererapnaHcKas
At4era,ynpaKHeHur , ilt4erac HH3Kr4M
conepxaHHeM xHpoB, apruHttH (an,tt'riloraclora L{3 opexoB ra 6o6onrrx), KparKoBpeMeHHoe
fonoAaHrre.
YrHetarot ertAe,reHne ropuoHa: oxl4pet-Iue, AenpeccHr, crapeHlre, orcyrcBr,re Marepr4HcKoit:a6orsl n
AercrBe, o6ceccunHo-KoMnynbcunurtfi cuHgpor,r (ncuxnuecKoe paccrpoftcrno, xparcrepr{3yroueecrr
noBTopqloqHMI4cf Henpopl3BonbHLIMH HaBfi3tlllBbIMu :,uu'eflMvl. Oura 5e:paccylHbr, orBparuTeJrr,Hr,I,
y)KacHbr H
qenoBeK crapaercr Nx pealu:onarr).
3' Kopru:ol - ynnorHter ruleroqHylo ueu6paHy, npeAorBparuar npoueccbr BocnareHHq. Ecrh ecrb ero
n:6srror - yrHeraercx esrpa6orxa 6elma.
Oaxropsl. sslaulearcuhe l4:6slrox erlpa6orxr4 xoptl4:ona: currsrrft crpecc (cHauara noBbr[raet
nsrpa6orxy. a
3areM yfHeraer), a64onausa-nruslft )KIzp, AenpeccHr, xpoHuqecKal 6o.nt, caxapHslil gn:a6et,nhuer{ue
Marepl4llcKofi onexu B paHHeM AercrBe, Auera c BbrcoKlrM coAepx{aHuev 6ellra, HeAocraroK
cHa.

r'cnl4 npoHcxoAHT noBpexleHl4e nH{opnaaql4n, 3aKoruponauHofi e

AHK, To pa3Br4Barorcr aHoMaJrr4H B KrerKax, }r
HopMairbHoe $ynxqr.roHupoBaHue opraHn3Ma HaxoAnrcr noA yr-po3ofi. Cavrrrra r{acr6rM
pe3ynbraroM noBpe}KAeHH,
AFIK nsrqeicr pa3Br{rne onyxoleil.

B,ruRuue o6pa:a )r(H3HH na [HK.

Oaxropsl, noBpelm,larcuue {HK.
1' Ceo6oAFlste paruxanst - :ro uecra6uJlbHr,re MoireKyJrbr, Koropble cnoco6usl noBpexrarL KrerorrHyro
ueu6pany rE {HK, I4croqsuxu,cno6o4Hrlx paIuKa_froB cM. Bbrrrre. .

2' Alrcorolu: npoAylcroM o6uesa aJKoro.rlt flBJreercrr auerarbAefr,rA r,t cso6orHbre paAr,rKalsl. Auera,rbAerqA
yrHeraer BoccraHoBJreHne IHK H floBpe)K4aer xpoMocoMbl.
3' Hurorxs noBbrruaer oKcuAarHBHoe noBpex(Aenne IHK ua35-500/0.
4' Ko$elEH MeIUaer BoccraHoBJIeHHIo AHK. KoHrcyprzpyer c $epneuramu, Koropbre BoccraHaBnuBalor
noBpex(AeHHyto {HK' n'4ejraer ee 6b:ree qyBcrBureJlsnoft x HerarrrBHoMy noiqeftcrnr4ro
Br4pycoB H
KaHqepofeHoB.
5. Ae$uurar MarHHr crr4MynHpyer oKcr4AarHBHoe noBpe)KAeuue ffiK.
6. !e$raqr,rr aHruoKcalauroe.
7' Ae$uuur xoJtflHa B nHLIle npoBorrr4pyer noBpexreHr.re IFIK B KrrerKax ner{eHq.
8' CsHuHHa H roBtAI4Ha (xpacnlle copra urca) ycuraaaror noBpexAeHr,re
IHK Haft,rego onolo l9
KaHlleporeHHbtx MoJreKyn B xapeHoM HJpt ucner{eHHoM Mrrce ra pu6e. Cyutecreyer
6o:reel2 u:eecrHsrx

10
 , MMlll (FIAlIi 4OMl> Ol43l4onOfnfl I{EJIOBEKA
reTepouHKr-lr4qecKr4x aMkHoB, o6pa:yiouluxcr npu o6ur'{Ho npHHTTCM npuroToBJIeHHH foBqIHHbr. Kypr4qbr,
cBHHvHbr u pu6rr. 3ru araKylor IHK n KrerKax MoroqHbrx xere3.
a;rauHr,r
9. 3rcrpe:ua,rsHtle BrlAbr criopra Be4yr K oKcaAarnBHonry crpeccy [l-lK.
I0. Crpecc - BbrAeJuercfl MHoro crpecc-fopMoHoB, Koropbre genaror MHKpocKonnqecKr4e orBepcrr4r B HHTKe :

[HK, oco6eHHo 3ro Kacaercs IHK fieveura.

11. Irls6srroK )KeJre3a:
a) yrHeraer aKTilBHocrb aHTHoKcrdAaHToB B neqeHr,r, lrnruMe H KpacHblx KpoB.rrHbix KnerKax;
b) yBettpFll4Baer KoJIHqecrBo rhAponepeKl,rcH B ntla3Me KpoBH - 6orsure oKucreHue;
c) yBeJruquBaer KoHueHrparlnlo JTHfl.
12. .{e$HI]Iar BHTaMnHa F-12 u Sonnerofi KncJlorbr - Hy)KHbr g,1r $opnarapoBaHr4rr r,r BoccraHoB:reuur ffiK.
13. lllrulensle KaHrlepofeHi,r:
a) a$larorcnHsr (us :anlecHenesixefi naurr,r);
b) orucleHnrrfi xo.[ecrepun (reep4rrii cbrp, cJraAK]re KpeMbr, coAepxau{r4e nitqa u MonoKo, rryAuHfn,
norry$a6purarrr glt rrrnevxu) ;
c) KonqeHble H npl,tforoBneHHbre Ha ofHe (oco6enuo re, Koropbte coAep)Kar MHoro xffpa, Hanpr,rMep,
uraurrstn) npoAyKTbI, HaKanJprBalor e ce6e Ceu:onupeHbr * oAHH H3 caMr,rx pacnpocrpaHeHHtrx
KaHueporeHoe. llpnroronreHne nhqr4 npra oqeHb BbrcoKr.{x reMneparypax (xar npn x€peunn) cnoco6creyer
obpa:oeaHuro MyrareHoB- - BerrlecrB, Koropbre i{sMeHqror crpyxrypy [HK.
(Daxropsr, 3arrlH rrraHlulue f HK.
i. Orna: or Bcefo BpeAriorc.
2. fluera c Ha3Kr{M coAepxaHueM xupa.
3. ,{ocrarovHoe nocrynneHp{-e aHTHoKcHAaHToB: 6era-napornH (opaHNerbre oBoulra rz 3eJreHbre JrllcroBr,te
osouiu), BHTaMHH C H eurat\anH E.
4. ,{ocrarounoe ynorpe6reHne BI,ITaMuil 812 n $o,rneaoii Kucrlorbr (:e,reHue JrplcroBbre oBorrlu rrBJrrrrorct
xopotxlzM Hcrot{HHKoM Qolraenoli KrrcJrorbr n xropo$n,ii:ra (oH pa3pyuaer ceo6o4r{rre pa4nrca,rlr)).
5. He nepee4ars. OrpaHuveHue na.'ropnfiHocTH narr{!r, yMe}ibuaer oKcurarrrBHtrfi crpecc. YlreHtureune
ralopufi uocTu na 20o/o 3Har{HTeIrbHO yMeHbr[aeT oKcHAaTHBHriii crpecc.
6. Vnorpe6,renr.re pa:Hoo6pasuofi nuulu: UeJ'rbHbIe 3epHoBbre, Qpyxrur H oBouIH. @pynrrr H oBculr coAepxar:
a) Huau,I{H (:HurcoruHoBafl Kactora) :uauuremHo yMeHburaer iloBpe}r(Aenue IHK cso6oAHslnau
paAHKaraMH e nun,l$oqurax.
b) acnop6raHoBat Kncilora 3arqulqaer IHK or iloBpex4a]oqero gefic'rnuq 3HAoreHHbrx
(o6pa:oeaeuruxcs B caMoM opfaHn3Me, a He noilaBuux usa;re) oKcHAaHTOB.
c)BuraMI,IH E yiueHsuraer noBpexralou1ee so:AefrcrBae oKcnAarnBHofo crpecca Ha SoHe $n:iluecrcnx
fiepfpy3oK, oco6euso y no]Kr4nbrx nroAefi.
d) Auera, 6oraraq 6procce.nscxofi xarrycrofr, yMeHburaer noBpexAarorqee eo:AeficrBlre oKcHAaHToB.
e) ToMarbI Ia MopKoBL yMeHb[Ialor noBpexneHue AFIK H rroBr,IuarcT BoccraHoBJreHI,Ie ee B
rrzwrQounrax.
0 BHTaMIZH C o6laAae'r 3ailIHTHbrM AeftcrsneN{ ua,{HK, Ho MHofrde Q-naeouoia4tr pacreHaft o6naAaror
Aaxe 6olr u l.rna Ae ff crsuei\,{.
g) JIyn penvarutft, uecHotc n lyrc-nopeii 6oraru cepocoAepN€rqr4Mr4 Beil{ecrBaMtr, Koropbre, rcax n [-
JII,IM0HHHLI IIHTpycoBI'IX, yBeJII4qI4BaIoT aKTLIBHocTT $epnaeHroB, KoTopbre yHr4r{ToxarcT KaHrleporcHbl npe}KAe, r{eM
oHI{ noBpe,qrr [HK. OgHano nepeeAaHke nyKa I4 qecHoKa Mo)Ker crnMynnpoBarr npolnsepaqn]o rLreroK.
h) Kuelr - 3aull4uraer or oKCHAarI,rBHoro crpecca u cnoco6crByer BoccrauomeHrarc [HK.
i) nI4KHoreHoJI (co4epxrrct B 3KcrpaKre H3 ceMflH rpefin$pyra) a 20 pa: cr{JrbHee r{eM BuraMlrH C H s
50 pa: cnlrbHee, qeM BvrraMnn A e 6opr6e co cao6ogHlrMu paAr.{KanaMr4. ,,
j) rHKont{H (npacHrrfi nHrMeHr roMaroB, MopKoBr4, a6pnnocoe; po3oBoro rpeiinSpyra, ap6y:a)
coAep)KHT nan6olsuree KoJluqecrBo KaporI4HoHAoe, 6oprcqnxcr co cno6oAsstun paAHKaJiaMH. B repulrvecnu
o6pa6orauHbrx roMarax rHKonr4Ha 6olr,rue, areM B cBe).rc4x.
k) afiTHoKcHAaHTHbIe rpaBbl: 6asnrux, urr.r6,4ps,ruHH, operaHo, po3MapHH, rual$eft, THMbsH.
Exe4Henuo ofpoMHoe r{Hcro KIIeroK yMr.{paer.H 3aMeH{ercfl HoBbtMlr. 3ro nponcxogur 6laro4apr npoueccy AeneHr.lt
K^neTOK, IIpI4 KOTOpOM ruIeTKa yABaI4BAeTcfl', npoH3BOAq TOqHO TaKyIO ruIeTKy, KaK OHa:CaMa.
3ror npoqecc Ha3brraercfi MHTo3. IHK r<-ne'ror cnoco6sa yABauBarbcfi, Konnpyr 3anucaHHyto Ha ueii raHQoprraaqur"o
Ha HoByro AHK l{ yx(e sra HoBax lHK nepeAaerct BHoBb o6pasonaHuofi rurerxe. .
l

Eure oAltH TI4n AeJIeHHt KreroK - lrefior. flo :rouy rr4[y Aelsrcr noroBbre KJrerKH. Cyrr ero cocronT B ToM, qro
Ka)KAas, euons o6pa:oBaBruarcr xJierKa co.qepxfl4T He 46 xporr,rocoM, a rolsro 23.

l1
 ,' M,MllI (HAIIJ A0M, @W3WOJJOft4.fl .\{E/IOBEKA

K",rerxn oAHoro n roro xe BHra gopnanpyror ono.o.n.rllTlourr.

cyu1ec1sy91 4 ocugoHbtrx eu4a *aHefi: oni4TerHaJIbHar,
coeA4H4Tgnbriar, Mbr[reqHar,.,H€,p'r6fl.: :, ,

I. 3unrenuaflbHaq rrcagb. .:',

.

llorprmaer utt noBepxHocrb reJla ,{"Jro"eHa" *""otrrr6, BbIcrHJIaer anrr"anir*, o6orogru rroJrbrx
BHyTpeHHHX opfaHoB "upy*"yro "- ny.ru,
(xelygox, KrdrrreqHuK, r{o.rreBbrBoAxulne, rrjreBpy,
cocraB )KeJIe3 nuyrpeHHefi ceKperIHH. Mex4y,x,qer44nrra ,neprnup4,' 6p*gt*1r1r,;, B
:pfi TKaHH rrpaKruqecK4rHer rrpoMexlrKoB. ., ", "roAHT
@yHxuun snnrelualrHrx uerorc: r

I 34qrrnax (xola, c,Jtrt3ncrafl.odonoqrca uonrx oprauon). r j

2' cexperopHa.r (cln: ucraq xeryAKa o6pa^:yer ilHlreBaphrerbH
br e co rcu).
3. Bcaclrnaronlar (a6cop6uHfl).

II. CoequnnreJrbnafl TKaHb.

3ro canauft pac[pocrpanesurrfi B TeJre qenoBeKa Br,rA TKaHu.
i. ,,
3ror nua txaHr{,cyulecrByer.4ns coeAafieHr4s pa3HbrX:
BHIOB TKaHr' a raruI(e AJ]t co3AaHHt KapKaca orAeJIbHbIX
opmHoB H Bceto reJla, a raKxe AJrs rpaHcnopra BeulecrrB.
Hanpuuep, coerHHHTeJIbHafl TKaHL o6pasyer roHr(ylo, roruqnHofi
B Jrr4croK lyuaru,npocnoftxy, Koropa{ np,Aaer
Soprury BHyrpeHHI'IM opmHaM u coeALIHrIer r,rx BMecre. tr4s Hee raKlr(e o6pa-:oraHrr cuJrbHble
r,r roJrcrbre cnx:nu (e
cycrasax)' nilorHble Kocrl{ pI )KI{AKat rlacrb KpoBlr. Ero :anolueHll
MexlueroqHbre H MexopraHHbre npocrpaHcrBa,
u3 Hee coc?oHT )KI'IpoBa{ TKaHb,
du6po:Har coeAl4HureJlbHafi TKaHb, xpfitrln, xpacHufi xoctHrril *oa1, , 4p.
BuAsr coerunure;rsHofi rxanr.r:
1'
Puxlas coeAHHHTeJIbHaq rKaHb' EolruuHcrso sroil TKaHr4 HaxoArzrcr
noA rcoxefi. [4e Hee cocrorrr
rIoAKo)KHa'g H oKonoopraHHat xcHpoBat rKaHL, pertzKyn.flpHat
rKaHb ce.rre3eHKh, THMyca ?r KpacHoro KocrHofo Mo3fa.
2'
fpy6oeonoxnvcrafl coeAmHI{TeJIbHas rKaHr,. oua morsa x u ru6xas.I4g
sroft TKaHH oopa:onaHlr cBr3Kr,,
cyxolQrJ]l4t, $acqnra H TKaHH IIlpaMoB, a raK)Ke rKaHb, coeAHHtIoilI
ax zylstr4 qe:rrccreft.
KocrHylo rragr
3' Xpxqenax coeA'H,re-[bHat rKa'b. oua oqeHr nJrorHa.s, npor{Har.
iloxpsmaer cycraBHbre noBepxHocr'
rocrefr.
4' KocrHaq coeAI'IHmeJIbHat rKaHb Han6o;ree )KecrKas, nrorHaq
H npo,,r,raHa MHHeptMaMH, oAHaKo
coeAuHeHr4e KaJrbulr-q H 6e:rKoe AeJraer 3ry TKaHb HecKorrbKo :lacrnquofr.
5. Kponr - KnerK'r coeAr4H,TeJrb'ofi Txau', pa3AeneH'bre nria:lrcfi.

III. Mbrure.rHafi TKaHb.

Muueqgsle KrerKI'I co3AaHbI,
'{ro6sl co3Aararb ABHN(eHHe. oHn cnoco6Hbr coKpalr{arucr 6orrrue, r{eM Apyf,e BHALr
K,TIETOK.
B Hnlr narnue.{}roii rKaHr.{:
I ' cxe:reuras MbIIUer{Hag rKaHL - H3 Hee cocrofr Mbrlliubr cKeJrera qeJroBe*a. Muurqu H3 SToro BHra rKaHH
noABtlacrHbl Hamefr nole (uanpnMep, MbI MoxteM co3HareJibHo Bbr3Barb coKparrleHlre pa3Hbrx
ecJrlr xorprM cornyrb HJrH pa3ornyrr ee u r.4.).
rpynn Mbrrrrq pyKH,
2' cep4euuar MbIIueqHa' rxaHr o6pa^:yer creHKH cepArla; ee co.parqeH,e
r{ pacclaoleu,e He noABJracrHo
Haruefi nole'corpaqeHue:rofi uuruqbt npolz3BoAr4T cepAer{Hbre yAapbr, Koropbre Mbr
cJrbrrrrgM.
3' haAxas MbIIIIegHaq r*aHb - 3To rarcKe He IIoAB.rracrHa{ HaruHM x(eJIaHnrM
MblureqHas rKaHb. Hs eroro un4a
TKaHH nocrpoeHa cpeAHtfl o6oloqna HeKoropblx KpoBeHocHbrx
cocyAoB 14 ApyrHX rpy6rcoo6pa:Hbrx opmHoB TeJra
(xuureuulrxa, 6pouxuol). corparqeHl',Ie ffiaAKofi rrlycny,rarypbr
3THX OpfaHoB cnocoocrnyer nepeABr,rxeHgro HX
coAeplKHMOro.

IV Hepnnaff TKaIrb' @yuxqrar Hepnuoft rKaHI'I cocronT n 6rrcrpofi nepeAaqe

uu$oprvraqu' Mex4/ crpy*rypaMr.{
TeJra H B KoHTpone pa6orrr opraHoB.
Hepsuar rKaHb cocrol'IT I43 AByx BHA0B ruleroK: HeftpoHoe (HeprHrre xlerru), Koropbre co3AarcT Me)rqy co6ofi csgspr
rrq nepeAar{n nH$opuaqnn, n neftpornnH (cnequaJlbHble coeAHHrroqr4e
r4 noAAepxr{Baroulge uefrpoHu merya).

12
 . :, . M M ru'i.HAIiI A0 M> @ 14 3 H O/I O f LIfl ,9 E/IO,ts E KA
flparcrfiqecmoe [pr{MeHeur{e rnanreft.
.. . ..,..
1. flnrasue.
r Burauus A:, FryxeH:AJrr gu$$epellr{Hauura Krreron, AJrr $opunpoeauvfr u }Ku3HLr 3nureJrnaJibHbrx
K"IICTOK.

:..]r'...'@54goHopIAbI:yMeHbIxaIoTphcnpasnr,ru,IflBocnaJleHagtraneir.:,].,.]:
,, 2. 'YnpaNHeHLIxl yuepenltble 3Hepfr.rqHbre peryhxpHsre ynpaxueHr4x yrolul'arcr rcoijy naanoqeqHlrKoB (3oHst' ' , '' '
o6pa:oualluq Koprt43o.Ira); I(oprrz:ol denaer xnermr craSl.m*ibrMu H MeHee yrr3Br{MbrMn " :' ' " '
BsrsoA. -.:.II 't::.:'' .' ,.. r':
I4:IvHoxecrBa pa3HbIX KreroK 6or co:Aar qerocrHrrfi,,xu'nofi,:H Syrilcqtounpynqnft opraHra3M,rteloebKa. Or
3AopoBbt xaNgoft orge,rruoft KJrerKr4 3aBr4Ovff slioporse,rcero'opialil43Ma.:Bc€, .rro"M;r AenaeM 'nrlt He'Aelaeu c
HauHM opraHu3MoM, BJrl,rter Ha 6naronory,.rHe Haruux KreroK, rrcaneft, opraHoB, opraHll3Ma (rela, pa:ynaa u 4rxa).

flonaarunee 3aAaHHe.
flonropmr, nayuenHrrfi Ha ypoRe:MaT€pllaiic novonlrro:arnaca,iro djnsr.roJrofr4r,r.
IloAroroela:r6cxKTecroBoMy'KoHTponlo. . :: ,- :' :;:i::':il
....,.-,.i - .. :.- '..r,.,; :...t :.

't

'l'r',,1 ' : :

.,tt3
'<.',1'

13
 MMIII OHAU AOM, QVISHOilOTWflqENOBEKA

Vpon ")rt! 3
Teivra. Koxa.

Koxa noxpuBaer Bcto loBepxHocrb re,ta r]eroBeKa,

a y ecrecrBeHHb[X orBepc.rrafi (por, Hoc, rJra3a,
orBepcrlle' fIoJIoBbIe opraulr) nepexoA'r aHalbHoe
B cJr,3,crbt. o6ono"*, ooi"
I'5-2 xeaaparHllx Merpa. cocraBJl'er l6Vo secarrnu, .11orulau u.po"Jroro qeJroBeKa
Aocr'raer
tuorir"r"y.t V: ecefi rlnplry,rnpyroueft KpoBH.
@yunuuu xoNu:
l 3aqura (VO-"ryvn, xHMHqecKHe BerrlecrBa, MHKpoopraHa:uu).
2' Tep'laopery:r nqun'
2,5 cu2 Kotrua coAep)KHT oKoJro 4,6 v nponeHocHbrx
BLInycKaIor rerlro HnH cyxalorcff, qro6u cocyAoB. cocy4u pacrxr4prlorcfl
ero coxpaHl4Tb. Koxa Harp"ruata" or pa6orrr Mbrr,q H
rryreM nonBneH'q r.{cnap,Hbr (nora). Ha rene qenoBeKa r,I

ffi:y*rcs ,u*oorr." ;;";; ffi;ffi6;:roBbrx

J. BcacrrsaHfie BerrlecrB (uanpauep,,rerapc.rna). l

4. BrrleleHne npoAyKToB o6veHa (colu. roxcuuu).

5.
Kox(H coAepxar ororo r5,85
;Jfff;tffiffn;"?'jr"$.no*epxHocr' na HepBoB. cosepxar xoJroroBEre,
6. O6pa:onaHu e uvrraMuua il.
7. tr4lruyHoloruqecKas $yr.ttcrlur coAep)Ki.rr r4MMyHHLte KrerKIz (x,rernu
MoHouurapHo/$aroqnrapHofi cncretru u Jlaureprauca u3
T-,rrEnr$oqn'ru) H nu4enrrer aHTHMHKpo6uoe
8. nsrxanae MacJro.

LTP-YKTYPA KOXJ4:
1) 3nr{repMuc;
2) a.p*u,
3) rr4noAepMa.
1) ca^aslfi napyxHrtft cloft 3ilHAepMHc
-
Ha3blBalorct Marepr,tHcKHMH, oHIa o6ecneqnsaror
- ilpeAcraBJrser co6oft Hec*oJrbKo croeB KJTeroK, HHx(HHe H3 Koropbrx
3aMetry orMeprrrr4x lc.teroK HoBbrMn. 34ect
14 EBHXgrcfl HaBepx' rAe oHH
co BpeMeHeM yMnpalor, craHoBgrc.g [JIocKHM!.r
xlerrq 1iocrorHHo
'qefi"tlTc'{
qro6u KJIerKa Ha*.Hefo ctlot r{ orrrrenyuprBarorcg.
fl,ra roro,
AocrHrJIa'oBepxHocrli
Koxca: rpe6yercr 3-4 aegenu.Klerxa
HecKoJIbKo 3ror 3[r.AepMr.rca )Kr4ByT Bcero
'qnefi' rpe6yer co6lrogennn fipa'Vn r'.{Hofi.r'rr4eHbl
$arcr-
orMepluue K'IerKH H BblrereHplq xoxu (xnp,
no6oquire npoAyKTbI o6naeHa
- exeAHeBHofo Mbrrbfi Ko)Ka, TaK KaK
cpe4of Mfl pasBvr,rs MHKpoopraHI{3MoB. Hegocrarox nor; xnnxrcrcx 6,raronp nxr."oit
""*a"r",
l".rorrrorno"t, Berer r o.parnouy
BtlAenl{Blxlzxct r{epe3 KO}Ky BerqecTB, r{To BcacbrBaH,ro
co3AaeT AonorrHr{TeJ,ibHyro Hafpy3r(y
sn'AepMaJl'uxlfi Ha Apyfue BbIAeJII4TeJ.Ibnrte oprau;t.
clofi K'IKH npoH,Kalo'l' HepBHbIe oKoHqaI-IHr, B
noToBbIX H ciuIbI{bIX )I(eIe3' Ha noBepxHocTb ryT x{e npoxoAqr KoHeq'bre orAeJlbr rlporoKoB
KoX<u BbIXoAxT BoJrocbr. Cocygoe B
cJroe HeT.
'TOM
2) tloq
3[uAepMHcoM J]et.otr elqe clofi xoxr.r - AepMa mu codcreeHHo Koxa. Koxa
KonrateHoBblx I4 SracrHr{HbIX BoiloKoH 'AHH cocro'r r,r3 fiyqxoB
(eolocxHrte -
3To BHAbI coeAl,Hure,rruoii TKaHH. B4eprvre HaxoAtrct rrp'Aar*rr Kox(n
$ollnrylrt,HOrreBbIe loxa), xeJ're3bl (CalrHue, noroBble, anoKpr4HoBbte), rponeHocHbre cocyAbr
HepBHbre
,oKoiryaql4g (peqenropu _ TaKrulrbHlre, 6oleuue, reMneparypune). H
Bblpocrt'I''xot9pble recHo npl4!'Ieralor fleprua HMeer cocovxoo6pa3Hbre
K BbInyKJ'I,ocrflM u yrrry6,reuurM,B 3naAepMltce
BonHH9Tocr!-'rIQ-EepxHocrH Koxc,, v o6pasyror cnoeo6pa:Hylo
Koropat oco6e'Ho Ha KoHrrI{Kax naJlbr{eB.
KonnaleEro.BFIA BqllaKHa =u*"""u 70%o gepwsr cocraBrs}or

TlpnAarxa xoxu:
v BojlocbL
' ./ Hofr,. :' t ': ' :

Bo'locrt I'l Homu - aro oco6sre

Sopvrr KeparuHa (oporoneuurue lclerK2 jnhrenr4nxoNra)
Xorx Horirn co3AaHbr xHBbrMH ruIerKaMH
KoxI{, caMr,I oHH MeprBbre, He orqyurarcr 6omr u
noBpeAHTb' BuAnuas qacrb Horrt He KpoBoToqaT, ecnl{ HX
Ha3blBaercr reroM. Hofrr. gacrs Ho*q,
Koropa, noMelueHa no4 roxefr,
t4
 MMIIJ,<HAliI AOM> O I43L{O ll3fKfr qE/lO B EKA
Ha3blBaerct KopHeM Horrt. i4s-nol KolK],r. npr4Kprrsarouleii KopeHb, Bbrcrynaer 6e:recosarbrfi no:ryxpyr
- .riyHor{Ka
Horrx (:4ecb Hororb roJiufe, .rer4 o6,racru ero re:ra), Koropy[o cBepxy npHKpbrBaror roHeHbKr4e ci-tot4 KO;KH. Caraurfi
guxHafi clofi xleron Ko)l(H, rr3 Koropofo oopasyercr HofoTr,r Ha3blBaercrr ocnosHoil N,larpnqefi. K;rer.rn MaTpr.iIIbI
Aerltrct, BepxHHe HX loltonHtlorct KeparHHoM, a KotAa oHLl orMt{pator, To caMn craHoBtrcfl rtacrbro Hofr.f,. B clyvae
noBpex(AeH Hrr MaTpHUbr HofoTb nepecTaeT cytllecTBo BaTb.

Bolocsl Soprurapyrorct ruIerKaMH eoroc.sHbtx SomrHry,roa. K pac[irapenHoMy ocHoBaHhro BoirocrrHoro $olnxry:ra -

BotloctHoMy Menror{Ky - noAXoItT cocyA (nuranwe) m Mbruiei{Hbie Bor-roKHa (corpaqa-lrcb, rroAnl{Maror noloc).
Buguvan qaits so,'Ioc Ha3blBaerct crepxneM. OH cocropn rB KepanilHan oMeprBeBlxr4x Kr'IeroK. Ha ffle
$oruiuxyna
pacnonaraelct KopeHb BoJIoca) pa3Bl4BaloilIi4fics nz 4epraalrnoro cocor{Ka. Ec,rn nopeHb pa3pyuaercr, To Bo.rloc
frepecraer pacrvl, Mo)Ker noo6qe norn6Hyru H HHKOTAa 6OlrUre He BbrpacT'r.
Ecrt 2
T,i,l,iilll.
'/ crepx(HeBbre
llyurrcoeue - cla6oorpauleHHbte, ToHeHbKHe BoJIocKH noKpbrBaror Bcro rloBepxHocrb rera, KpoMe .naAoHefr 14 noAotlB.
CrepxHeerte - ToJIcrbIe, xopouo oKparxeHHbre, pacryT Ha rorroBe, 6ponxx, Ha 6opo4e v My)rs{r,rH a s o6,qacril
reunratuh.

. Cxopocrb pocra eo,roc 0,2-0,5 ulr e cyrKtunkr 1,25 cvt B Meorq.

r Krelru, Koropble npott3BoAgr KeparHH Bonoc, tBJrtrIorcfl caMbrMI,I 6srcrpogenxtt1l,IMr{cg ruIerKaMI4 B
optaHh3Me LIeJIOBeKa.
o Bcero Ha foroBe r{eroBeKa npn6ln:nrenruo 120 000 so;rocKor; y pbu(eBoilocbrx lro4eft HX HecKotrbKo
MeHblrre, a y 6loHgi,rHos - 6orsixe.
r BunaAaer enderHeBHo 30-100 BoJrocKoB.
. llpo.qo:rxuTerbHocrr, xtr3Hn BoJroc or 6 llecqqee Ao 4-x,rer.
t KaNrue 6 n4ec i 004 soroc (BnaAator B cntrlKy) - 3aMeAlltlor cBoro x(r{3HeAeflTeirbHocrr, r{ ilepecraror,pacr6.
o Kopsu Hepacryuax Bonoc yronurarorcff Ha oAHoM roHqe (6y;ranosn4uure), rarcofi sojroc reprer cBolo
HopManbHyro nnfMeHTaIIHro. I4naeHiro 3TH BoJ-IocbI Bbr[a4arcT, KorAa qenoBeK Moer ronoBy. @ormanyllr npu
STOM HeiloBpexAalorcfl, 14. KofAa cHoBa Hacrynaer aKTr4BHafi $a":a, pocr Bonoc npoAor)Kaercr.
o Bo.noc npoxoAllr HecKoilbKo uHKJIoB aKTHBHocTH pI (cntr{Ku), H 3areM Sollurcy:r norn6aer
o6rsrcenus.
-:ro tIpuqr{Ha
' flpoqecc orMHpaHHt $oirnuny,'ros ycKopfiercr Ha $oue' crpecca, paAlraqr{oHuoro o6lyveHnr ilppr
HapyueHHH o6uesa BeulecrB.
o Tan crep)KHt BoJIoc onpeAenter, KaKHMrr 6y4yr aolocsr: rqruuHgpr.lgecnnfi crep)KeHb np;rMbre BoJrocbr,
-
onalsHud crepx(eHb - Bbtouluec.q H BoJrHhcrbre, nitocxl4fi crepxeHr nnu s $oplre nor{e1 KypqaBbre h fycrble
-
BOJIOCEI.

}Iterie:tr lroxn (co4epxa'rcr n geprvre):

I ) callHue.
2) norosule,
3) anorcpuuuble xeJre3br
Canrnue'xeJIe3bI pIMercT BbIXoA K BoJ{ocxHbltu $ollnmynaM, npou3BoAtr KoxHoe caJlo, Koropoe SJTy)I$TT cua:xofi
14 BOJIOC, fipeA0xpaHtfi HX OT BblcblxaHl4s 14 noMKocTr4. 3rH Neresbt BbrAeIrrcT B CpeAHeM 20
Ang',Koxl'l r cara e
OyrKI4. EolrIIIe'Bcero ciLllbHblx )Kerle3 Ha JII{qe, rpy$vt v cnuHe. tr4x 4erre.ntHocrh KoHTpongpyercs noJroBLIMr,
ropMoHaMI4, oIHaKo 6olsue cara BbtAenrercfl npu norpe6reunu xnpHoii, claArcoft nnu.ul H B xapKoe BpeMr roAa.
lloronsre )fieJle3bl' Bcero s rer'te qe:-IoBeKa Hacrll4TbrBgrercr orcoro 2 MnH goroBblx )KeJre3. AnrlEesocrs fio-roBbrx
xeJle3 KoHTpoJll{pyerctl HepBHofi cucreuofi. Eolrrue nora BbIAeJIflercfi Ha
$oue erraoquoHaJrbHoro ao:6yx4eHnx u
flpl4 Heobxognuocrl4 oxraxreHht rera. flo.qenenrae nora npa srrcoi(ofi TeMneparype onpyxarculefi cpeAbr
cBHAeTeJIbcTByeT o ToM' qTo cpIcTeMa TepMoperynflIIHH OpmHH3Ma He cnpaBJlfiercs c oxJIaXAeHL{eM reJra.
flor ua 98%
OOCTOHT H3 BO.qbI,,17o COcrasnqloT HeOpraHHqecKHe B€III9CTBa, 10lo;VOqeeuHa, aMMI,raK r,r qp.3a
cyTKr,r MO)KST
BblnenHTbct 0,5-l I nora. Bu4elsq qacrb npoAyKToB o6treHa, noroBbre xene3li rioMoraror pa6ore nou"n. '"
l

ri'1,''.
t)
 MM[] (HA[I AOM> Ofi3HO ilArVfr qEIOBEKA
r r; -.i
Anompnuonble x(efie3tl pa3BHBalorcr B nephoA':rloJrogoro io:peaaHns.r
OIJpr pacnonararorcs,,B no.qr4rrueql{b-.rx,
BnaAnHax; rpyAHblx .xere:a,.r u Bo3ne 'noJlorbrx opmnorl onu
npon:soArr rycrbre,na\Tq,e BerrlecrBa, no uu.ry
HanoMnHarcuHe MOJIOKO ,: :

Mrr yNe ynoMrzHann, qro o6a BepxHhe cJror Koxr.{ coAep)Kar HepBHbre oKoHqaHLi, peueflTopbl.
pearkpoBarL Ha pa3Hbre pa3Apaxarolllwe - Koropbte cnoco6urr
$ar<ropsr. cyqecrayror 60.neesre, reMneparypHsle (renlo,j xoloA), .

TaKTt{JILHbre(npuKocHoBeHne)peqenroprr. : ,,;

l:. .

J/ r HrroAepMa.
Sror clofi'"oatort rz: xuponoil,. cpeAlzHl4Telrsoft maHeil n HepBHhrx oneHqaHr,rE -. peqenropos r.ny6orcoit
qyBcTBHTeJIbHOCTI'I.

flpanrtrqecKoe trpHMeHeHae sHaHNfi

Vcroeuq coxpaHeHHr :4oponofr rcox<ia:

' fnruena (nauHa vnu Aym I pas n reHb, Mbrrr,e ,{acrefi TeJra no MeDe 3arprr3HeHlr{, perynqpHaq cMeHa 14
crr.{pKa 6eltx, oco6eHso HarelrHoro):
o yAaJIeHHe Her{}lcro! - BbIAeJIHBttlp{xc.s qepe3 Kox{y, H TeM caMbrM npeAorBparqeHr4e HX o6parHoro
BCACbIBAHHg;
o yAaneHr,re oore3HerBopHlrxuanpo6or;
o no44epxaHue uyNHofr Kr,rc,rrorHo_uleloquofi cpeAbr Ko)KH, cnoco6nofi nporneo4eilcrBoBar6
6o:re:HerropHuv unitpo6au.
. Co;rrreqHrrft ceer (ynsrpa$raoJreroBbre rryvra):
o oOpa3OBaHHe Br{TaMHHa [3 a: nO4TOXHOTO XoJlecTeptrHa:
o yHt{rrroxeHueuaxpodoa;
o crHMynfiIIrdJI cHHTe3a reuomoOraua;
o yBerl4r{eHlze o6pasoeaHu-r MeJIaHHHa (:arap) - 3afopenas roxa 6oree crofixas r uHQenqntr, peN(e
BOsHL{KaeT paK KOXI{.

' Bos4yx: HacbruleHl,re KpoBr{ ruIcnopoAoM, JD/qttre nr{TaHtre Ko)KH.

. Ou:uqecKue yilp&KHeHufl: ryrrure urzpKynrrru;{ KpoBl.t.
. lllrraHne: A, E u: pacrareJlbHofi 4nertt.
BHTaMHHbT

' Bo:AepNaHHe: arKorotlb' HlzKorHH BeAyr K nocrapeHrrro rcoxu;

us6srroK caxapa r4 xcupa cnoco6creyrcr
au$exqluu r<oxH.
' ,{octatoqHoe ynorpe6leHue BoAbI: Ko)I(a craHoBuTcr 3J'racruqHee, rponr 6olee )KrzAKa{, (yrryvuraercr
ee
qnprylrqur).

cv' c'279 <HeooxoAlttr'tocrb JrI'IrIHofi qucromorHocr' 6rma npenoAaHa eBperM

c nau6olsruefr nupaeureJr'Hocrbro.
Ilp"*lt ueu codparbct y ropLi cvnai't I'I Bbrcnyularb, KaK mac Eoxuft npoBo3rJracrfi
3anoH, Eor noeeren HapoAy
BbIMbITbct caMHM H BbIMbITb oAexqbl ceoa.-3ro npeAnncaHne
npoBo.qr4nocb B )KH3HI noA crpaxoM cMeprr4. Huxaxax
Heqr4crora He AonycKaJracb B nplrcyrcrBrzr4 Eoxteu>.
ckL, c"276 <<A6comorsaq q'cronJrorHocrL sBr'erc.fl cyrqecrBeHHofi,
rax prr $usuuecKofo, TaK H ilJrr, AyxoBHoro
3AopoBbs' Ilrlara nocrotHHo yAaJltlorct I43 opraHu3Ma qepe3
rcoxqy. Mn:u"onoi nop 6rrcrpo 3acop'orc, r.r repf,Ior
npoXoAHMocTb' ecJIH HX He coAep)I€Tb B tll'lcToTe, qacTo
npuHlzMat BaHHy; B npoTI,IBHoM cJryr{ae, IIIJIaKT{, KoTopble
AonxHbl BblBoAHTbct qepe3 Kox(y, craHoBtrct AonoJIHI'ITeruHun 6peueHeM
AJIx ApyrHX BbrAeJruTenbHbrx opfaHoB.
EofturhHcreo lroAefi MorJII4 6sl ngereqr noJlb3y u: xoro4Hofr riirr.r eABa renroft BaHHbr, nprzHraMaeMofr eNe4HeeHo
nocKotrbKy
BaHHa, npr.rHrrMaeMan HaArrexaulnu o6pasoM, yKpennser opraHr.r3M,
::nir:,,11].1plll
KpoBooOpaUeHHe, XpoBb aKTHBHee npuII'IBaeT K KoxGoMy
iloKpoBy; TaKafl
yrryrruaer,
BaHHa o6eineqaeaer 6olee cso6ogUrd r.r
perylapHltfi KpoBoroK. 3ro cnoco6crByer yKpenJreHr,ra H pa3yMa, r,r reJra. Mr,nuuu craHoBflTcr 3;racrnrrHee, a
HHTeJITeKT - tcHee' BaHHa ycIIoKaHBaer HepBLI, oHa
nole3Ha Anr KpIuer{HHKa, xeJryAKa 14 neqeHr4, coo6qar KaxroMy
rr3 3Tr4x opmHoB 3Heprnro H 3AopoBbe u cnoco6cruys nurqeBapeHalo.

16
 ,, M M <sHAIJi. flO M >, O 14 3 l{ O lll ilAf
M,fl ,1I E /lOB E KA
Baxno raK)I(e, qro6sl oAexra BcerAa 6r,i:ra qncroft'. 3asoureHHoe nirarbe BnurbrBaer o'rxoAbr )Kt43HeAeflTeir!,Hocry!
opraHn3Ma, BbtxoAturl4e qepe3 nopbr. Eclu rri-rarbe pefyr,-rflpHo He MeHrrb u He crhparb, Ko)Ka Bnr4Taer Bce l{eqr4crorbr
o6parHo. Ibo'ag,$oprraaHer{l4croruiorHocrHee-Aelr3a6oJIeBaHHt{M). .r. :i 1., r. i.,r:,;::;i:,. ,,.r :.,.:,, r:
CI4, c.288,<Haura.oa.ex4a o6r:arelbHo Ior,r)KHa 6slrl .{r4crofi. HeuiacroqryorHoclb Ro-Ae)KAe Haqociar,BpeA 3AopoBb}o
H TaKIzM o6pa:om ocKBepHfier reJlo 14 4ymy. "Br,r - xpaM EoNuft".. Ecln rcro pa3opnT xparvr EoNuftr roro
"noKapaer
Eol" (i Kop.3;
B1op,23:14,<<locnoAr, Eol teofi, xorr,IrrppeAu craHa rBoero, vro6u.ra:6ae.JUl!,Ig$fl K'nperaBarr, BparcB TBolrx B
pyKHTBoH,a[oceMycraHrsofi.4onXeH6rnrce'T).l..i......1:::.:..:.]l:i::.]l';
IIee. I 3:46-52 - 3aKoH o npoKa)r(eHnov (nu$ercqr{oHHbre 6ole:Hu).
Bunoa.
Haur oprauu3M orAeJIeH or BHeIIIHeTo uupa xoxefi la cJrpr3r{crbllru o6oro.rxauu. Or HX 3AopoBbr Bo MHoroM 3aBl4crdr
3ir,opoBbe n Harrlhx BHyTpeHHHX cl{creM. gncronnorHoctt sBJr{erct oAHlrM t43 ocHoBHlx 'npnuqranon,
o6ecneqI,{B.bro'rqnihonrroqerrrrodsyHxqraouHpoBaHHeKo)KHI,Icnuzaeioi'o6oloqxn.:i.]::1.']:.'.:,::l.il.,-.

[omaurnee 3aAaHr{e.
llo4rorowrn cr K craqe recroB no reMe <Koxa>.

' .. \. :. r.:.1;,. : . ., , ,. ii
,..:1 e
I -;
tt'.,:,..,, .' '::1. -.,: .1*!.:1 ..1:;i -n ,.

t7
 MM tll ( HAIII,! oM >> @ I,i 3 I,I o rrof 14fl r{ EJI o B E KA
Vpom 4.1

Teua. Kocruo-lruurerrHas cucreMa.

flogrema. Kocrnas cr{creMa.
i

:,
l.
2.CrpoeHue Kocru.
Cneler r{eJroBeKa cocror4T uz 206 rcocrefi.
Kocrn:
' nocrpoeHbl ,
H3 CoeA'gare.nrHoft TKaHH, nponnraHHofi iuuHepalaun; i

'. HMelor reepgstfi u npovnstfi HapyxHuft cnoit

u usrnnft rnyrpeHHufi cloft
coe.qllHeHlr:cycTaBaMpI v - nocrHufr nro:r;
aBrnKkIMbI MbrruIIaMH
. , o6pasyror :aulurur,ril ocroB lurfl BllyrpeHHr4x.opraHoB;
'
. o6pa:yrcr KapKac IJrfl ApyrHX vacrefi rela;
. yrracrByror e o6l4eHe Berrlecru (Ca, p, Fe);
. IIpOBeneHHe 3BVKa;
. KpoBeTBOpeHHe.

Cocras rcocreii:
. KJ]CTKH,
. 6erKH,
c MHHepaJlbt,
a 2/3 HeopraHr{qecKfix Berqecrn (cyxoro BerrlecrBa _ 22yo, eoAa - 50%).
c 113 opraHHr{ecKHX Beu{ecrB (25%).
.
.,1 hp*f *t**"7il Lt- tettee?A c,6p?tler/.
Klerna rocrefi: :38 gttv-7 r?,r! trr0?.a ofr aft.. !g$l.ps'o" t 1*
t ocreouHTbl -
3peJIbIe KJIeTKpI rocrnoii TKaHH, noMofalor KoHTponHpoBarL ypoBeHb Ka,TbuHr BHe KJTeroK,
CTI,MYJII{PY*'TC J{ KAJI'IIHTOHIIHOM PI
fl ilAP AT.O PMO HOM
r octeo6lacrhr -
YTHCTATOTC
pacryuiue KrIerKH, crporr xocrrHr,rfi MarplrKc;
;

t ocreoKJlacr6l - KrerKH, Koropble BbIAer.{Ior

$epmeHrst, pa3pyurarcurrne xocrnrrfi Marpr4rc. or<o-rro 20%
rocrgofr TKaHH r{eJIoBeKa e)KefoAHo yHl4t{Tox€ercf
H 3aMeuraerc.g noeofi. (*,**#ii}+p{.}vr,ti rt4tt&!i} tu:4>**
Br.usl Hocreff no crpvrn,pe:
r rpy6va'rble - qI'IJIIaHApI{qecKI{e, c noJlocrl'}o BHyrpk; KocrHr,re
ruracrr,HKpl nexa! ,JrorHo np'nera,
Apyry' B pe3ynbrare qero ilonyqaerc{ mlorHoe (xounarcruoe) Apyr x
rcocruoe Be.rqecrBo.
{ rpy6uarue AJnrHHbre;
{
rpy6varue KoporKue;
r
ry6rarsre (rr'rocrct're) - (coHABuq) I'ts njracrHHox rsep4oft rcocrHofi rxaHr4
c nopucrofi (ry6varofi)
npoc,roftnofi MexAy HuMu. Sra rnaur 6oree :racr,r{Ha,
ynpyra,
r \LI'r ^v' rroAnaercs
rlvr+A'4vrvn
npyr'e pa:HoglarHoc.ru rocreft:
' cecaMoBi'I.4Hbre * pa3MeUIeHbI B TOJrrrIe cyxoxu,ruii H CycraBHbIX Kailcyn,
. HenpaBprrrbHbre _ HenpaBHJrsHoft
$oprvrlr, Kpeflqrc, K Apyrr4M KocrqM;
' Bo3AyxoHocHlie - B HHX ecrb noJlocrb' BblcrnaHHat cJlH3xcrofi
14 3anoilHeHHu" uoaoy"or. o6oro.rloil
Crpoeuue rpv6qaroft rcocru:
r snnSn: - pac[Il4peHustfi toueq rpy6varofi Kocr,,
noroplrfi $opurapyer cyc-raB c :nn$u:or,a
rroKpLrr cycraBHr,rM xpsutoM '".
(rualuHoetrfi .-
xprrq); 4pyrofi Kocr,, "
r4Iaasras_qacT6KocTH,pacnoJIoXeHHagMeXAy:ntasta:aun;
' Bct Kocrb, KpoMe cycraBHblx noBepxHocrefi, norpstra
HaAKocrHHrIefi - n:rorHa.s o6oloqra Kocrr{, TecHo
cpaqeHa c rKaurrc, ee BoJIoKHa Bpacra[or B cBrr3KH H cyxo)KTIJIL{t,
'IoAnexauefi
npoxoA{T HepB'r npr{KpeuJle:HHue x Hefr, ryr
H KpoBeHocHbre cocyAbr; oHa qyBcrB,TenrHa
x 60na; i
MosroBoft naHal noJlocrb Blryrp' Kocrll'
' -
r{acrnx rcocrnrpacnorlo)KeH
3aIIoJIHeHHa.s xrapoeofi TKaHblo 14 cocyAaMrr,
n onu6rcapsrx
rpa**rfi rocrHrft uosr (naepro S;ilil#;;;;;Lrro*
rcposu);
6o:rburaq qacrb KpacHoro KocrHoro Mo3ra
opfaHn3Ma pacnoJroxeHa n
ry6va*rx Kocrrx.

18
 MMIII (HAIII AOM,' QI43VIOnOfWfr qEJIO,BEKA
Pocr xoclefr:
. y nrtona:
r' cocrorlT H3 cnnoIrIHofi uaccsl, a 3areM $opnlupyrcrc.q [oJiocrr4 (yr,reHsueHue Beca xocrn);
./ 350 rocrefi (npravep - Kocrr4 qepena HoBopox(4eHHoro): :.::

. AerH, noApocrKn, nroAlr Ao 30 ler: . l

rz oxocreHeHne xprueil (occn$urcaqnr) - pocr nocreft;

'/ pocroBafl ruIacrHHKa rpy6varsx nocrefi - pocr rocrefi, oHa oKocreHeBaer K 30 rogav - rpeKparileHr,re
pocra.

@axropr,t, BJTHrxtIuIIe Ha pocr lrocrefr:

L flnrasue:
' BI'ITaMI4H ,{ycnoeHne KanbuH-*; BHTaMHH A, no u:6slroK ero Beger K o6egHerinro Kocru r4 nepenoMaM;
-
BHTaMHH C rryxerr Anf cL{HTe3a KorurafeHa; BHTaMT{H K - nyNen Inrr cHHTe3a 6uo:rorprqecKoro (ruteq),
-
noropslfi [pl'IKpemqer ra:rsunfi Ha rcocrHrtfi Marpr.rnc. 3amopaxnnaHue rrpoAy]croB pa3pyuraer BprraMprH
K,aHarpeaaHue-Her.
. Heo6xoAHMo nocrarovHoe norpe6leHne KaJIbrIHfr
t ug6ltror $oc$opa H MarHnl - yBennqeHue BbrBeAeHHr Ka,--rbr-lr{r n: nocrefi;
t ro$euH, n:6lrorc coJIH, caxapa) HHKoTHH, aJIKoroJIb cnoco6creyror cHH)KeHr4ro ycBoeHut HJI1{ norepe
-
KaJlbiills u: r<ocrefr.
'/ Alrcorolr: yrHeraer eupa6orry $epneura neqeHn H noseK, rcoroptril npeBpaulaer auranaun I a
aKrHBHyio Qopvli. Yseruql4eaer BbrAeneHue naparl opMoHa u MafHr4s.
2- XheorHllft 6erorc, B oTJIHLIHe or pacrnTenbHofo, froBbr[raer Kr4cJrorHocrb KpoBH, a gnx Heftrpa:rn:aqnu sroft
KHcJrorHocrlr opraHH3M :a6upaer ica,uqufr pr: xocrefi B KpoBb.
3. Co,rHe'{urtii cBer- $oprr,rnponaHI4e Br4TaMr.rHa !vtz Aerntrpoxorecrepr4Ha (e rcoxe).
4- OpI:nqecrcze ynpalrHeHufi - crl4Mynupylor pocr H yrsrorHeHue rcocreil (omoxeHue Kzlrbrrnr n Hux).
5' [,rltrelsultft crpecc - 6olture Kopra3ona -yfHereHne o6pa:onauur rcocrHoft TKaHtl n ycr4neHne ee
pa3pyureH14fl.
6. Pery,rupyer 6alauc KaJrbrfnr 3HIoKpHHHas cucrnMa:
o ropMoHbr runo$u:a:
o ropMoHbt rqHToBr4AHofi xeressr:
e ropMoH|r [apaq]rToBHAHbrX XCeJle3:
. fopMoHLI HJrh CeMeHHHKOB.
'HTIHHKOB

Xpnulr:
. rJraAKar, npoqHat, Ho ru6Ka.s qacrb KocrHoft cacreurr;
t dynrcutls: BXoAflT B cocraB cycraBoB, o6pa:yro'r noKpbrrue KoHuoB Kocrefi, MtrironoABqx(Hbre coeAHHeHHq
xocrefi (no6xonrrfi cun,t$ur).
CrpoeHue xpqua:
. MarpHua.
. ruIETKH,
. BoJIoKHa (ro,r,rareu, slacrnH).
Oco6eHHo crlt xpquenofr rr€Hi'{:
. He coAepnfl.{T KpoBeHocHbtx cocyAoB;
a nuraHr4e 3a cqer cHHo BHrLn bHo I xn,qro crr4, HaAXpr uIH H ur,r.
a

3. Coegnnenuq xocrefi * cycraBbr:

i. CuHoeraamHrle (no4nuxuue):
a) urapHnpur,lfi,{loxoru, noleHo),
6) nno cruft (npegmrocueBbre cycraBbr cTorrbr, sanrrcrbe ),
a) qranraH4plrqecKue (rnex u ocHoBaHlre uepena),
r) uraposlz4Hs#r (ra:o6e4peuHslfi pr nreqesoft cycransr),
4) :llnncoruAHbre (lyve:anxcrutrfr cycrae).
19
 /, j j,ivIM lfi, ( HAIIJ,A0 M):" o I4 3.t4,On0 nptff "q E I{ 0 g E Ka
CrpoeHne cHHoBururbHoro cycraBa: .'.''...'
I) KoHIIbr rcoc'reft noKpbrrbr cycraBHbrM xpsu{oM;
2) BecbcycraBnoKpbrrcycranuoficymrcoft(rcancylofi)-xpfl|I.leBarrKaHb;.;,.;y,:iii:,.rj,:r..,:,:ri,ii,ii....:,,-r.r i..,r.i
r,;.: ;:i
3) I'I3HyrpI{ cycraB Bblcrmlaer cHHoBHaJrbHar o6oloqna - c,roft rosrcoii'rrcaHn,
xttAKocTb, KoTopat cMa3btBaeT H nH'laeT cycTaB. "i,perl*o-qrqfr',C".ugp.L1*gli}rc::'i,
2. BolorcHucrure (Heno4suxHrre) - cycraBbr crrnHbr, Kpecrrla, qepena.
3. Cycrasrr Mexgy KocrLro H xpflrrloM (.racrra pe6ep). :'

Kocrnas cl4creMa BbrnorlHter sa1u9,i-ruu9 {yHrcural opraHyl-Ma no g6ecnevgHyp ongplr u 4nrxgmaft rerra.
!u1oa.
t{ro6sl coxpaHl4rb ee B IlenocrHocrn, seodxijalailb'riphnil;rr;Hoe iiririihlle,'$*CizvectdC'dr<rpluilocrs u ap.'npllstrno",':..
30x.
::'':t:: .:, " 't',:;
flomaruneei$alaurld.jfloarbiosnrtcr*recry noreMe<<Kocflraq'cucleniu. ::]":'.:':". .
'.
,:.,:

!:.. ':l

1.111:.:.';, . .rir J .,ii,1t ::'., :"..1't: ,,:1.:..

:1 l.::r:;.t--,, i.'ij I i' :;i:.jiilil I !' :j.il

: lr: i"::a r:ii-i;1{ji'j:-ir1;;..1{.ii il !' ir :',::"
' .i.J::rii,ili ) ' t:'i:

20
 M N{ ru, (l-il AIII, A O M )> QWTVIA JJA| VIfr !i E /l O BE KA

Ypor 4.2

Tema. Kocrno-vmr[reqrraff cr{crema. : ::

flo;1rella MrrureqHaq cHcreMa.

l. Crpoenue Mbrrrru

(D-vsrcunn vuii:u: ABI4xeHHe, no3a H vsrureqHrrfi ToHyc, npon3Bo4crBo rerrJla.

CeereHr4s o [,{rruuax:

Macca MblIIlq y B3pocJloro Myxdr{HHbr B cpeAHeM cocraBrrer 29 -30

' rcr {40Yo or o6lriefi Maccbr rena), y
)KeHrqHHEr-i6-l8rr;
' y HoBopoxleHHbix tt 4e'teit
MbIITIIIbI cocraBJlglor He 6o,'ree 2A - 25% Beca reJla, a B crapocru orMeqaercfl
frocrerreHHoe yMeHbueHHe Maccbr Mychrynarypr,t po 20 30% or Maccbr rena;
-
. Mbrrrrrlbr pa:uoo6pa:Htr no
$opue H no BbrnorrHeuraro $ynxqi,rft;
. no pacnonoxeHHlo Mbllilubr dslnarcr floBepxHocrHbrMi4 ra r,.ry6oxuvn:
a y qenoBeKa 639 rraurnq;
a caMat AtlHHHafl I,I3 HHX - nopTHtxtHat MbIrILIa, a caMafl KopoTKat - cTpeMeqKoBat, HaxoAttqatct Bo
BHyrpeHHeM yxe.

Onsno:rorr.r.s usruru.
MrmreqHofi rKaHH ilpucyuln rpu $iasraonoruqecKnx cso fi crea:
" sos6yArMocrb- r.e. cnoco6xocrb Ha pa3Apax(eHHe orBeqarr, eo:6yxq4euaev,
. npoBoAr.{Mocrb - cnoco6Hocrb npoBoAr4Ts no:6yxc,4eune;
. coKparuMocrr, - cnoco6Hocrt, coKparr1arbcs.
Tunul r,tr,tutu:
c nonepeqHonoIlocaTLrc W[4 CKeJIeTHbre Mb[ilr-lbr, KoHTpoJ]r{pyroTcr co3}iaHueM;
TJIaAKH€ MI'Ilxl{bI (nnyrpeHruze opraHbl, cocyAbt, Mbnxtlbt xoxra), He KoHTponapy}orcr co3HaHHeM;
'
. cepAer{Ha_q Mbrtirqa, He KoHTpoJrr{pyeTc.s co3HaHHeM.

floneoeqHonolo catsre iutrru usr:

. 3TO CKelIeTHbIe MbIIXIIbI;
. cocroflT I{3 Mr,rureqHblx BorroKoH Arnuoft go l0 cu, a torqunofi scefo 50 narm (npr,r*repno paBno roJrrrluHe
noroca);
. prMelor BbrcoKylo no:6y4unocrr;
. MLrureqHoe BoJIoKHo noKpblTo o6o-noqxoft
- caproleutrofi;
' efo nporonna3Ma, Ha36IBaeMas capKonna3ltoft, coAepxglT MHoro fiAep H
nanoSra6pnnn.
conpartmeJlbHbrx 3reMeHToB -
l:raAnne uslutuu:
. no:6yAnMocrb HX 3Haqr4TenbHo HHXe;
' E.nfl ux no:6yx4eHux rpe6yercs 6olee cnlr,Huft n 6o:ree 4lure:rsuslfi pa3Apa1yrenb;
. Bo36yx(qeHr{e ilpoBoArr orreHb MeAJreHHol
. rlocTotHHo HaxoAf,Tcq B cocTofiHl'flz 4-nl{TenbHoro coKpalqeHt4g, vut74 ToIIyCa.

Crnoe n ne noneDeq uo norocaro r-r rr srrrreq Ho t-r tnaH u :

Mrturqa - lyqoK HilH fpyilna nyqKoB AJ]IaHHbIX MbrrreqHblx KJreroK, coeAHHeHHbrx nepuMr43ueu (rnyrpesHefi
coeAr,rHHTertHofi rnassro), onpyxeHHslx $n6po:uofi coeAusnrelsHofi TKaHblo.
Mrrureqnoe BoJIoKno - oAI,IHortHat MblrueqHas KJIerKa c qApoM y Hapy)rGofo Kpat, AJI'tHofi oxolo :ii ;-,,; .,,.,r,;.,
roluli'tHofr B BoJIoc, coqrour u: lrrao$ra6pall. K naN4ofi KJrerKe noAXoAHT HepBHoe BonoKHo.
Mnor[u6pu,.'lJra - ToHKoe BoiloKuo, cocrol4T I{3 ToHKHX (6enxra aKTHH H TponoMuo3l4H) 14 Torcrbrx (6e:rox Muo3r.rH)
coKpauarcu{prxcR M'ro$unaMeHroa (uersuaftrnar crpyrcrypHar n
$yHxqr,roHanbHar eAHHr.{LIa r,trureqHoft rxaua).
Mrtruqa coKpaulaercf,, KorAa HflTH aKTHHa fi Mrro3uHa npr4Trrr4Barorct no AJrkHe, no4o6no roMy, KaK coBMeulalorct
ABa p e4a :y6se n pacqecKr{.

21
 ,,' MM'ILI (HAIII AGM' Q%g,l4Oll0f t{fl qEIOBEKA
Me)K'4y vuo$tl,raveHTaMH HaXOAtTCt,OT,'lOrKeHlrqr:Iljr.]tKot€H& u, raH.oxqiTeo,rMI4TOXOH4pli,t,;1.:w,€ro nepepa6orrcu

caprco:uep - oAIlH cerMeHT not-teper{Ho-riorocaroro Mbr[reqHoro BonoKHa-Mex,qv AByMr noneper{H6rM 14 itwh1uflML4.

Corparuvar qacrb Mtluqu, o6pasonauHat ,Mbruer{HbrMn nolorcHavr.r, c oSouxr KorrEoB nepexoAr4T n cyxox4ne.
C
noMoII{E}o cyxoxunui't MbIIIIUbI npl,{KpenJrtrorcl tt Koctqiu, cxelera. Cyxoxr.t,rnx noctpoeriu. ,Ha;
nrorlrofi
coeAuHr,rrerbHofr rKaHu, oHt4 ogeHb npollHbt t4 KpellKH.
Muurqlt u rpynnbl MblIUq oKpy)KeHbI ooeAI,IHIIrerbHorKaHHbrMu o6oroqrarrau
-.$acqlrqMu. oacLIuH noKpbrBaror
TaKxe ueJIbIe o6nacru reta r{ KoHeqHocru.
Mslturllr, KaK aKTHBHLte opraHbr, o6ultgo cHa6xatorcs'xpoerrc. , ,i l

CrDoeH[e r.naanofi Mr,rurequofi'rr€Hx: ,, .

crpyrcrypa ma4rcofi Mtttrrlrbl He,.' ,or:tuqa€Tcg: y[opgAorreHHbrM pacnoJlo]fieHueM, .i.BoJiroKoH . 14 KJieroK.

Bepereuoo6pa3Hble KrerKLi cuo6oAHo pacnoJlo)KeHbr, xorfl HX coKparreHr{e raKx(e 3aBucr4T or npr,ITflfr4
BaHr4s,
aKTHHoBbIX 14 MHo3HHoBstx Hl.rrefr.
,:
CtpoeuRe cenaeqnofi lrsrrueqnofi r$agn: ; ..
llo4o6usr rlonepeqHo-noj.tocarbrM MblrrrLiaM. Or:ruque::Bo;roKH& KoporKge rz o$pa:yror pgcyHoK Kpec,T-]raKpecr.

BuArr Mbrrrrq:
L ITo KorurrecrBy.MbrmeqHbrxroJroBoK:.
A. ilpocrtre. :

B. CrroNHste:
. nByruIaBar,
. TpexmaBafl,
. qeTblpextJlaBafl,
r 4ny6proruHaq.
. 3y6qara s, u't.E. l

II. rlo pacnortox(eHHrc MblIUeqHbtx nyqxoB orHocHTeJrbHo cyxox(nnssoft qacrra:

.' oAH0nepHcrble,
. ABOI]epHCTSre,
. MHOtOnepncTble.
i'
2. Palora Mbrrrrq. ' '

1)' cnenernble MbIIrIqsr (npou:eorbHo coKpaulamquecx)

- -"' npuBoArrctr B ABr,r)K€Hrae ABafareJ.rbrrbrMr.r
--r HepBaMr4
cn'HHoro Mo3fa. -

*'{,Hi""':J#'#"'ffi:;:ffi: xl#:::"#Hffi:;l;lxluTll'l",Hlo"xxJ::#;;iulil,IH,"iffiftJ#^;
BeIIlecrBoM auerHnxonuHoM (ALP(), Koropbte rIoA so:4eficrsuev HepBHoro HMnynbca v3 cnuHHoro ;";;;
pa3pbIBaIOTCfi I4 BblAensloT 3TO BeIIIeCTBO Ha noBepxHocTr peqemopoB MbrrrrerlHoft
rcrerru. Munrqa coKpail{aeTc.{ H
ocraercfl B 3ToM cocrosHlrn, norca ecrr AIIX.
':
ftra paccna6JreHrrr iunruqrr BsrAenrercr
Seprraeur, pa-:pyulanulial Rtry
PeSre KropHlle asr.{xeHHs :

eo:6yx14eHla. pellenrop;qB nepra$epuu (noreHH11ft pe$,renc yAap no HaAKoneHHuly) .,unarryrsc

"ysit""*illlll .Ha
'K -
n.qei''b cnnHHofi Mbsr - nepeAaqa nos6yNgenr't" u A"".*elrHsl{ r.pu, uayrqnf Msrnrqe (uuurqrr .6eapa)
; ' ::,_: , I l'.., .: .,' lt-1,-:ry----t",' | :
coKparrleHue MblrrrUbt; ABHN(eHHe (pe:xoe noAHrrne roJreHH nsepx). :

OCo3naHHbre nBr.{xei{r4s:
ui rolo6noro Mosra - cnnuHoft Mo3r - ARurare:ruHrrfi
rmiry:rsc Hep.B - coKpaureHge oAllofi Mblllrrlbr i.l
r4 paccnaoneHHe
i

tIpoTHBonoIoxHofteil(noHanpaBJleHl1rogeficianx)..

2). Lnagrue Mblurqbl TaIgKe npu:Bg4rrcr B ABr,rxeHHe ABHrarenbHbrMH HepBaMn cnniyoro Mo3ra, oAHaKo, BMecro
pa^:4paxelrt'rx oAHofi tr,Iltu.te'{irofi''icnttn,
OaH.gfi HgppHofi Hurb}o, purapu"..rre pac.rrpocTpaHrercfl ,n_olHoft ua
se c rolu rco ro.teroK - uo,:rHoo6pa:Ho e ABHXe Hr4e.
;,,1.';).:,1 ':.t,., i::i:i,-, 11.;,ri i..::
'r,

3)' Cepqetlnafl Mbllrrqa:

coKpalqeHne Bbr3blBaer"o'na A*raureiTbHbrMl,r HepBaMHl a HMrrynbcaMq, HcxoArrrquMu v3
HepnHoli TKaHH BHyrpH caMofo cepAr1a.

22
 MMII (HAIII AOM,) QVrcm}Jlofi4fl t{EfiOBEKA
I4vny,rrcu Bo3HHKanr npu6:ru:ure nt ruo 72 pa3a B MHHyry B.cocrorHr4t4
noKor., :

ocHosuofr KoHTponb HcxoAt4T u3 cu*oarpvra"nbHofo y3ra, pacnoro)KeHHoro

B npaBoM [peAceplr4, - pacnpocrpaHeH,e
ero Ha o6a npe4cep7nfi - coKpar{eHuerpe4cepgaE.
,{a"'ree rarylqynbq nonaaaer B arpHoBeHrpurynxpuatily:en (s Mecre coerHHeHH.a
npegceplur h xenyroqKon), ry.r oH
HeMHofo ropMg3HTcfl - nyqoK fl'rca (uepaHble BoloKHa BHyrpH
Mex)KenyAoqrcoeoft,:nepercpoAKra) -'iusrurqui
)KenyAor{KoB - coKparqeHHe xeIyAor.r KoB.
Tanilna e6pasou, c*aqara coKpaniarorcfi npeAcep.4 r.rfl., a 3trteM)Kenyror{K,.

l-I pa xruvecKoe rtpr{MeH euue zrrartsit

c Mruiqrr Hyxlarorcs B KucjropoAe.
EcJrH ero He,qocraer B 3HepfernqecKoM qr,rxre (upesnaepuax Harpy:ra), o6pa:yercx
Moror{Hafl Kr4cJrora,
KoTopafl yxyrulaer coKparuMoc-tb 14 paccna6;rqeMgcrr Mbrrriu H Bbr3[,rBaer
6oreerle otr1yqeHHs. Muomo6uri
rBrl{eTcfi Aeno KHctropoAa.
o @l.r:uqecKa;l aKTHBHocrb:
{ yBenI.,.q-!4Baercfl corep}r{aHr{e 6erxa e Mr,ruqax -
nyque coKparHMOCTL;
,/ yBenrzquBaercfl :.fiaervrqHocrr' - MeHr,ue nonpexgeunft; , ,

'/ yBer'rlHBaerct corep)KaH'e Ml4Toxo wgpui,t B M'Ilrruax - Bbr[re npo.4yKrlr.fl 3Heprgi,r;

,/ noBbruraercfi ycBoeHue Karbrrr4.s.

B{' c'339 <Jlrc4n, He ynpax'.sloul'e e}Ke/IHeBHo Mbrirrrbr py* H Hor 6yayr vyecrBoBarb
no[LITKe 3aHflTbcfl $t't:nvecxlrtrt rpyAoM. cocyAst Iz Mbllilr{br
cla6ocrr np' nepBo6 )Ke
HX HaxoArrcr He B ToM cocrorHna, uro6sr npaB'JrbHo
$yHnquouupoBarb H rlo.qAep)ruIBarL 3AopoBbe Bcero rerra raK, vro6u rax.qsrfi opraH
KoHe'IHocrn yKpenntlorct B pe3ynLrare yrpaKHeHnfi. Exe4HeBHbre cBo*u poJ,rb. BbrnoJrH-rrJI
yMepeHHbre $r:uvecrcue Harpy3KH np4.aAyr
cHny Mblulqana, n6o or ue4ocrdrKa ynpaxueHuil ouu craHoBflTcr
BrJrbrMH lr gpx6:nnrau. nlaroaapfi aKTr{BHbrM
elI(eIHeBHbIM 3aHtrHtM Ha cBe)KeM Bo3AyXe Irer{eHl'
noqKl4 I,I JIerKHe TarcKe yKpenrTcs w Sypy-r xopou]o
$ynrcrlnoHnpoBarb.
flpu:onure Ha noMol'.b c'ny BoJrI4, oHa craHer conporrzBn{Tbcfi
xonory H BAoxHer 3Hepr'}o B }repBHy}o cr4creMy.
{epe: HeKoropoe BpeMfl BbI HacroJTbKO SCHO norryBcrByere Ha Ce6e nonHy ynpaxHeHuil r{acrofo
qro He 3axorHTe xurs 6e: :rnx 6larocloseHnft. H nos4yxa, [340]
Baun lerrcue, rrr4rueHHlre Bo3Ayxa, noAo6uu rcnoAHoMy r{eJroBeKy,
KoTopoMy He,qaloT ecrr. Mll Mox(eM IoJILrue xnrt 6e:
egbr, rreM 6e: no:4yxa, u ero Eor Aajr HaM nun rr"ury qr1"
JICfKHX. "ag,
EesAeqrerlHocu oc:ra6lter opfaHH3na. Eor co3Aan My)xrrr4r-I
H xeHrqr,rH 6rtrl aKrHeHbrMH 14 nore3HbrMr4. Huqro tar
He yKpenl{r cIL]Ty MoJIoArtx:rrc4eit, KaK IIpaB]IJIbHoe ynpDIGeI{He
Bcex MycKynoB e nore:Frofi pa6ore>>.

cI4' c'293-294 <xenurnHbl co c'ra6ttu 3AopoBbeM MoryT HeMaro pstt ce6ncAerarb,

pa3yMHo oAeBarcb 14 BbllloJrHfl-s
$n:nuecr<ue ynpaxHeHur. oAeerrrplcr noAXoArrrrHM o6pa:ou grr npe6rrea*r4fl Ha;il;;";;;;,';rr
oHH
-t111Y::l:,1
$a:xy;lrypoir unu rpyAtrct - cHar{zua o"ropor*"o, a 3areM rrocreneHHo ;;;;;;;;;; o6ser,r
ynpaxHeHnfi HacroJlbKo, HacKoJlbKo oHl{ Moryr BbrAep)Karb. Be4r no4o6irufi o6pa: *"=nru, *noara n MoryT
BOCCTaHOBI',TTb cBoe 3A0poBbe 14 crarb [oJre3HbIMH O6uecrgv)).
-J '
""u,r"'r,
t colHeqHutfi cser - sstpa6orrca erar. .{ - 6o,rru-re ycBoeH,e
KaJrbu,r
. llpmanue:
-nyque coKpar,Mocrb.
./ ueo6xo4l.rua mroKo3a HcroqHr.{K 3Heprul4.
-
AyMarb, ttro c*na MycKynoB_3aBrrc,r or yno'rpe6reuax nscuofi
3jJ::;?,t"'.:t^ojT*:""
opraHH3Ma MoryT oblrb norHocrrro o6ecneqeHbr t4 6es N{scFiofr nuu1u. Kpynsl BMecre
nHUrH. Bce norpe6Hocrrr

oBou{aMI4 coAepxar Bce [l'lrarerbHble Beulecraa, Heo6xo4l4Mbie

c $pyxraun. op**ur, ,
Arq oOp*Lru"r" ,oopo"oii KpoBr4. 14 uelonex,
nurarcqufrcfl Moxer HacJIa)KAarbc.{ 3AopoBbena u 6ogpocr*o. Heeos^.{oxlro
noryvrrb rocraror{Hoe KoJr'lrecrBo
3rHX Beqecrn.'1M14,
ynorpe6f.ll MrcHyro nnury. Ec,rH 6sr unco 6u,ro ueo6xorhMo
TO|,4a oHo 6rlno 6rr BKJrroqeHo B nHTaHfle. onpeAeneHH0e qenoBeKy
on, =oopor-r, ; ;";;*;;;;;,
./ or Haqara).
€uIKoroJrL noBpe)Klaer cKeJre.rHbre Mbrullbr; ' :

noBpe)KAaer
nefipovtrlrrleqHyro KoopAI4HaqHlo;
nnn _ ,^,1(JlloAl4t:l."lY-::eBo3Mo)KHbrll-1?.r*t4tt-3aynorpe6reHvtnHan,roSe,ra6ana,onnyMaHtpyrHX
urlt'c'4zl -noS"I4H
Haprcoruxon' 3ru npeg'rte npI'IBbIr{KH AoJIxcHbI 6rmr coneprueHHo
HcKopeHeHbi, nptrqeM H:6aersrscr Heo6xoruvo
or o4Hofr xarcoft-Ha6ygr npe4Hoii, pa3pyuarcqefi :4oponie npHBbrr{KH,'u He
ot
"..*
iffi noroMy ;;;;;luryo"o
r'lefrcreyror ua $n:uvecroe, yMcrBeHHoe H HpaBcrBeHHOe cocrorHhe. "r"

z3
 ::: l i .; i - : , t i : i
,

ii i'!:i,,;;l-

: r': r- r: il: li:i :: ". l

_j r::.-r'{;r.lajt ii:: : rr ii.j :,i :,t! i:rr,jr,i i

"ir::;1;. _t i''. , ,1 .. , -: ',], .::

24
 MMIII (HAII AOI4> OI43WAilOfVLfl IIE/IOBEKA
Vpor< Jtiir 5

Teina : 7]rlxare,.lr, Has cu creMa

Xtaesle KJI.TKX, KaK npaBl,tno, noryqalor 3Hepr,ro B pe3ynbrare oKHcreHHt tr,Tare,rrbHl,rx Ber,1ecrB, to3ToMy K
HHM
AonlxeH nocrotHHo n-ocrynarb KHcnopoA. Ta.4xe Heo6xorr't uo yAaJreHr.re KoHeqHolo npoAyKTa o6raesa Berr{ecrB
yr,rerilcloro rasa. O6MeH rd:ault MertI){ KqerKaM14 , o*pyrnu*,4efi cpegoft Ha3brBaercfl -
AbrxaH}ieM.

CM, c.272 <9ro6ut HMerb xopotuylo KpoBb, Mbr AonxHbr npaBuJrbHo Abrurarb. iloluulfi, r,rry6orcafi BAox qHcroro
Bo3AyXa, HanolHqloultzii,rerxne KHcnopoAoM, oqHIIIaeT KpoBb. Kuc:ropog npHIaeT KpoBH xpr<ufr
rIBeT H HaiIpaBJrreT
xfl4BorBopHttft noror Ko BceM opfaHaM rela. fIpanHJIbHoe AbrxaHue ycnoKauBaer HepBbr, yJiyr{uaer annerg!
coBepllleHcrBye'r npoqecc rt]iuleBapeHr4fl 14, HaKoHeu, cnoco6crayer KpgrrKoMy, ocBe)Karcr{eMy cHy)).

BocnfitaHue, c.199 <3arpygHeilHo€ n61;s1114e oK€r3brBaer orpnuarenbHoe BJrrlsHue ,ua pa6ory JrerKnx, yxyAuaer
npoueccbl ntzuleeapeuux n nponoo6pauleHux, Bcr'IencrBI,Ie' qero ocna6eeaet secr opraHruM. B pe3y'rbrare,
cHHlKalorcfi'rarc SusuuecKHe' TaK u yMcrBeHHste cnoco6uocru, a B KoHer{HoM cqere, 3aMeAntercr HopManbHoe
pasBHTHe nolpocTKa)).

{Dyunq nu Ar,rxareJrbrrofr cncrennu :

fli'txarelrHlle ra3bl nepeHoc-tlTct B opfaHr43Me nocpeAc'rBoM KoHBeKrrHoHHofo ra ara$Sy:uoHHoro rpaHcnopra.
'/ KoHserqnoHuslfi rpaHcnopr - BxJrloqaer nercr{Hy}o BeHTrzrq{H}o r{ nepeHoc fa3oB KpoBb}o. Cyqecreyer girx
nepeHoca fa3oB Ha 6oruurue paccroflHl4tr.
'/ {u$Sy:nonHuil rpaucnopr ttpoucxo.qnT B nerolrHbrx aJrbBeoJrax h oMbrBaeMbrx KpoB[,ro rKaHfix.
- Clvxur
AJrfi ilepeHoca fa3oB Ha KoporKue paccroqHra.fi (lreHee 0,1 uru).

flepeuoc Kl4cnopoAa H3 oKpyxarcrqeit cpegsr K rc[ernaM npor4cxoAr,{T B HecKojrbKo 3TarroB:

I. KoHsercquouur,rfi rpaHcnopr B a-rrbBeo:mr (neHrr.rl.rqar).
2. [u$$y:r,rr H3 aJ'rbBeoir B KpoBb refoqur,ix KarruJrJrspoB.
3. KoHnercquouHr,ril nepeHoc fa3oB KpoBbro K Kanrznnfipatr rxaHefi.
4. [u$Sy:ru i{3 Kanr,rnnflpoB B oKpy}r€rculue rKaHH.
YAa,reHne Kl4cnopoAa ng rnaHeii !'IAer no reM xe 3TanaM, TorrbKo e o6parHoit nocJreAoBare,rrbHocrrz.
rlepeax H BTopat craAI4I4 Hur3blBalorcq Jrerorrur,rm (nnemnnm) rbrxaHneM.
Tpersl - Tpancflopr ra3oB KpoBbK!.
tlerneprax craAHs rxau€Boro (nuyrpeuuero) guxanua.
-
Crpoenue .qsrxatentnofi clrctenrrr.
Opiauu:
1. Hoc.
/.. I JIOTKa.
3. fopraHr.
4. Tpaxer.
5. Epouxil, 6pouxuo:ru.
6. Ilernne.
Pecnuparopnrril (,qrxarelrHrfi ) rpanr:
A. BepxHr.rfi - Hoc, rlrorKa, ropraHb.
B. Hltxuufi - Tpaxer, 6poilxualrHoe AepeBo (pa:nerueuae bpoHxon - (AepeBo), a €urbBeo:rbr JreIKHX -
<lucrurit) H _rtefKue.

Tpy6varrre crpyKTypbr ALIxareJIbHLx nyreft BblcrJraHbr .qbrxarenr'HbrM pecHuTqarr,rM 3rrgTeJrr{eu. on errpa6arrrnaer

cill'{3L, Koropafl' KaK oAetJIo, noKpblBaer Becb 3nl,ITenufi. 3a AeHb BbrAentercs oKo:ro 125 na:r:rofi
clttasn. OHa
nocrosHHo ABH)Kerct 3a cqer pecHHqeK no HanpaBtreHHlo or 6poHxnol K l'JIorKe. 3.ra crfisr BbtnonHter
3axllzrHylo
$yHrcqlrro' C Hefi y4a,rrrorct ni,IJIHHKl,t, trrnxpo6rr r4 Ap. r{acrr,TqKu, norranurr;Ie B AbrxareJlbHbre 11yrg rip'AbrxaHi4'.

flparcrnvecroe rlprrMerrenue :nanufi

CuraperHstft AbIM napanu3yer pecHHr{KH, a 3To BeAer K HaKorrJreHH}o eilpr3u B npocBere rpy6.rarsx
crpyxryp. Ha
srona $oHe Bo3HHKaer KaueJTF, KypL{nb[I]4Ka tl nepeHanpqxeHne BbrAeJrHTeJrbHbrx cHJr reJra.
?{
 MM III (HA$ AOM, OI43l4OJlOf l4.g,HEJI.OBEKA
i_. :. ' :
. :: .

A. Bepxuufi pecnnparopuulfi rpanr.

1. Hoc.
Crpoeuue:
' BHeurHts qacrb cgcroi4T qacruttHo r43 rcecruofi TKaHH (reepqoe ocHocaHue) H qacruqHo ir: xpruleaoil
(npn4aer ru6rocrt, Qop,vry).
o BrryrpenHqt r{acrb pa3AeneHa neperopoAKofi Ha Aee nonoBuHbt (nonocrn). llorprrra clu:ucrofi o6o;roqnofi.
B npocsere uos4pefi Ha cra3ncroft ecrr xecrKr,re BorrocKu (6o:rcure.nn4nbr y Myxqlirn), :auluularoulrre BXoA B
, Ho3Apr4. B eepxHefi qacru (6-uuxe K ocHoBaHHro) Hocossrx nonoc.lgft pacnono)r€Hrr odossrelbHLre ,MKr4
(ueHee6NlNtsuapnuy),c}oAanoAXoAflToKoHqaHt,tgo6ougre:rbHo|oHepBa
r flonoctr e sa.qHeft qacrn Hoca paiAeneHa Ha ceKulrrz rpeMr,KocrFihrMr4 Bbrcry.rraMu
- r ocoBbre paKoBr4Hbr
(eepxHxx, cpeAHttt, BHyrpeHH{s). OHra $oprrrnpyror HocoBbre xo4tr (3 urr.). C:rusncras xoAon xopoluo
nponocHa6xaercfl; 3Aecb npoucxoAr,rr yBJraNGeHr4e (esr4elxerAo 0,5 Jr cJn43ra n cyrnra) u HarrpeBaHge
BAbIXaeMoro Bo3Ayxa. Crl'reucraq noKpblTa MeIKHMI,I.BonocKaMLr-pecHr4qKaMI,I, Koropble,IloMo-raror .
ynaBnl4BaTb MeJIKHe qacTHr{KL{ nLIJIH, npoueAlxxe 6aprep ,I3 )KecTKHX BoJrocKoB'Hos4pefi. 3rra r{acTnrrgla
o6eoranllnalorct cJIH3bIo I4 nep€ABl{fa}orcf 3a cqer ABtu(eultfi pecnnverc. , ,,' : ,

CraHycr'l (na:yxra) - flpocrpaHcrBa B nepe4Hefi qacru qepena- coeA]4HeHbr c BnyrpenHefi qacrsro noca:
_ L lo6usre (no:a4n 6ponefi y ocHoBaHHr Hoca); : i, ,.
2.BepXHeI{eI}ocTHbIe(rpeyro,uHraKHMe}K.qyHocoMuma:antu);
3.npstlonu4urle(npri:roBHAHafiKocT['qepena)].
4.' arnaou4a,lrHsie
(srnaorzAarrlHar Kocrb r{epena).
Cralycrt Aenaror r{epert 6olee remraM, aMopru3upyror yAapbr B Jrzr{o, cny)Kar pe3oHaropoM roJroca. OHn nrrcuauq
TaKlrM )Ke 3nlrrenEeM, qro vI crpr3vrcrafr Hoca (cos4aer Bo3MolKHocrE pacnpocrpaHeHlrs uu$exqura H3 Hoca Ha
cnnycsr).
Hococle:urtfi xaHaq - KaHaJI, orso4ru1r.rfi cJrre3bl or r-Jra3 (uerosex cMopKaercr, Koua nlaqer).
'I :, :

OyHxuuu soca:
c BXOAHbTe H BbrXOAHbre BOpOTa Anr Bo3AyXa;
.
.

cofpeBaHhe, yBralKHeuue, $n,rrrpaLvg Bo3Ayxa;

. pe3oHaTop Anx roJroca.

2, ftorra (rop"rro).
CrLoeHne. {elurcr Ha 3 qacru:
l. HocoutorKa (cpa:y 3a BHyTpeHHHM orBepcrl4eM HocoBbrx nolocrefi, Ha.[ MTTKHM He6ou, Koropoe
noAHnMaercq H npuxpbrBaer ee npn morauun);
2. poro$rorKa (eugraua npn orKpbtroru pre);
3. rcpraHorrrorna (npe4qnepue roprauu).
: .. I l l

Eecraxneerr rpy6rr - ilapHble rpy6varsle o6pa:oeanus, coeAuHsronrne HocorJrorxy 14 cpeAHee yxo. flouoraror
ypaBHoBeuruBarb AaBneHr4e Bo3Ayxa Melrqy cpeAHr4M,H Hapy)KHbrM yxoM. .Clu3ucrafl;Tp/6 HAeHTrdr{Ha c.nn:ucrofi
HOCorJrorKr, (no3ToMy 3To nyrb pacnpocrpaHeHHrr uH$enquu r,r3 Hoca Ha cpe4uee yxo).
Mnu4a-nnHrr - flapHbre cKonJ]eHr4e :ruru$ougHo-il rnaun s crra:r4crofi
y'
, rJrorKH:,
. .,,:. : .
illoroqssle (ranu,ageuol4Abl npu I4x yBeJrr4rreHNa) - nepxHqr r{acrb HocorJrorKu, ,

/
se6Hue --- ofpaHuquBaror porornorr{y;
y' ggstroeute
-
Bo3re ocHoBaHI4Jr s3brKa.

(DvHrcuuu morrcn:
o rTlrr, AJrs rrpoABr,{xeHn4 BosAyxa no pecnr4paropHoMy rpaKTy.B ropraHL;
. TIYTT, NPOABDI(CHI,TS NHIIII{ B NHIqCBOA.

3. foprans. j:. , ,,

r PacnoloxeHa s rIeHTpe iuetr cpasy no4.fopraHomorNofi n uag rpaxeeft. .,: ', : , , .:..,- .,i.:,"

. Cnepxy rlpl4Kp.brra HaAfopraHHnrou (orxu4Hofi xlanaH), roropufi,onycKaercq'H nepeKpbrBaer nporto4 u3

:aAHefi qacrl{ morKH B ropraHb; 3To or8epcrr,te Ha3brBaerct ronocoBaq ulelr. KorAa qeroBeK ecr, . .

26
 MMIII (FtrAffi AOMn QIBU'AltO,f I4.q,I{EIOBEKA
HaIropTaHHI4K 3aKpblBaerct i4 3acTaBnfleT nlluly cKo,.tb3r.lTb Ha,q HHr,t B nl4u_leBotr, He IaBaq efi npoHuKHVrr e
Tpaxerc 14 r'-lerKHe. Kor4a ue.loaex rlbttxHT, oH orKpbtBaercfl H nponycKaer Bo3Ayx: i . , , ) :':
Crpoenue roprasu:
r Cocrour H3 Tpex xpxuleii: iqldroBLIAHblft ($opvHpyer (araMoBo 16rorcou),: nepcrHeBuTlHbrfi,
vepna,roeu4uufi
(2 rxr.).
o l-o,.Iocogbte cBfl3KH:
/ cocrosr rl3 AByx ToHKHX cBq3oK, r,rMerourux Sopnry
ry6;
'/ oHH orKplllBarorctl I'I 3aKpbrBalorcfl; KorAa qepe3 HHX npoxoAl4T Bo3Ayx,
:ro role6auHe rrpog3BotrHT 3ByK,
noropuil naoguSnqnpyerc{ r3brKoira, ry6aua, HocoM a MT'KHM ue6oira;
/ npuKpenireHrr MLTTuLIaMH K xpruaM ropraun;
'/ paccrotHl4e Mexqy cBfl3KaMu MeHterct or ru'poKofo v E uoveur peq*,
ro nonHoro cMbrKaHh, HX Bo
BpeMr HroTaHHrl
fpoMKocrb roJloca KoHTponnpyerct cHloii, c xoropoil Bo3lyx bura-qxHeaercr,
a Bbrcora roJroca,-
Alusofr H HarflxeHHeM cBr3oKl
ecrecrBeHHax rny6uHa u rerrabp ioroca 3aBI,Icqr or xoH$uryp arr4rr u pa3MepoB
ropraHH, Hoca H pra.
(Dysrunu ropraHy:
. nyrb npoxoxAeHHr Bo3Ayxa,
. rorocoo6pa:oeauae;
o 3aIqHTa or nonaAaHHs qacrHtl nHUlI4 B Hh)KHHe IbrxarerbHLle nyrl,I (clmmaHue ro-[ocoBLIX cer:on).
5. Huxunfr pecunparopsufi r_paxr.
1. Tpaxex. : :

. noJ.rar rpy6na AJTI npoxo)KleHufl Bo3.qyxa g,rnHoii orolo 11 cu;

r eepxHHii OTren rpaxeH pacnono)KeH B nepeAHefi qacrn ropna H cocroHr rz3 xpsqeBbrx
Koneq (15-20 rur.),
KOTOpbIe He Aaror cMbrKarbcq sracrnqgofi TKaHH; OHA pacnonox(eHbl oiiHo HaA ApyrHM c npoclofrrcoff
u:
MrrKr.{x rxauefil
c y Bepxl{ero orlera oHa rloKpl'ira II{HTOBLrIHbrM xprn{eM (<a,{aMoeo n6,roxo>); suxHlrfr orAen rpaxeH
nepexogr,rr o 4ra 6poHxa;
. cJrLI3HCTas TpaxeH noKpbrTa pecHl,rTqaTbrM 3rrlmeJrHeM.

2.5ponxn.
Bo:4yxoHocuue rpy6rcu pa3HbIX pa3MepoB (or 6olrurero K MeHb[reMy B
BHre sereeft 4epeea). K xaxgorrry r,r3 JrerKHx
.BeAer c'noe SpoHxmalllHoe AepeBo. Coaepxal e creHKe xprrleBbre KoJibua. llo xogy 6pouxos a .rrer.Koe
Bxonrr H
BbrxoA.rrT KpoBeHocHbre cocyAbr. ..,::

3. Eponxno,'rtr.
Menrue orBerBJIeHHtr or 6pouxoe, B creHKe coAepxar rotlbKo FnaAKHe MbnuLIbI.
' : ..
4. A'rrseonfl p Hr're xoAbr -: Mr4KpO CKOnr4qecKHe orBerBneHHfl Or' 6po Hxuor

5' AatseonspHble MeIIroqKH. Kax4rtft a:IbBeonrpHrrfi xo4 garariqneaercr

HecKoJrbKHMh arbBeoJrrDHbrMrr
MeIIroqKaMH, cKofirleHue Koroplix HanoMHHaer rpo3AlI BI'IHorpaAa^
I4ltegHo B HHX ]t [potrcxoAr4T ra^soo6haeu Me)qy
KpoBbIo I'I Bo3AyxoM, TaK KaK ux roHqafiurl4e creHoqKn ol(yraHbl cerllo
KanufinqpoB. Buyrpra arrbBeorbr nogpbrrbr
cJroeM cyp$arranra - Beu{ecrBoM, KOTopOe npeAoxpaHrer r,rx
or cr,naHrrr.

6. ..r'[ernue.
JIelKHe - napHslfi opraH; 3aHHMaIor 6omuryro qacrb fpyAHofi x,terru,
' HcKrloqar o6.rev, EaHlrnaaeurrfi
cepAueM rd KpynHbrMH cocyAaMH.

' KaxAoe JIerKoe pa3AeneHo Ha AonH; npaBoe tlerKoe 6o:ruue rro pa3Mepy
fi cocrorrr r.r: 3-x Aonefi: nepxHefr,
cpe4ueh n HltxHeil; .IIeBoe ;IefKoe coAepxr.{T ToJIbKo BepxH}o}o pr
HH;1qHIg}g AoJrr{.
r *yga nqrnire froKpbrro AByMq JrHcrKaMH CoeA'Hr.rrenrsoft rrcaHu nlenpofi.
BHyrpeHr-rafi (=nucqepansHslfi) ,rncron nJieBpbr noKpbrBaer JierKne
-
rrpoHr4Kaer H Mexrq/ ron.flMH h, TeM caMbrM.
pa3AeJI{eT HX. : .

27
 i MMIII,<HAIII AOM, Ol'l3l,1O fiOfvLfr t{Ett.OBEKA
HapyxHlril (:napnera-llnltfi)',rncrox nneBpbr - o6utufi Anr Bcex Aor:efi, oH'recHo ltptrJ,-re;11Hr K:rpy.AHoil 1g,-rerKe , ,

H3HyrpH. Mexr4y ,rltcrKaMH n,leBpbt HaxornTct He6orr,moe Kor'rHqecrBo xr4AKocru, Koropar npegorBpauiaer
rpeHHe
IHCTKOB npH AbIXaHL{H. ,r ..,: i r ,.,! :., ;,, , r
,

. Pa6ora JrerKH{} , :;
./ coAepxar orcolo 3 n Bo3Ayxa: :

,/ BbrBoArr 30 l/uac CO2;

./ qepe3 HHX ilpoxoAt{T 5 d;ranu''rcpona;
,/ o6ulas nnouanL a.'lseeor 80 t\a2
./ nspoclrrft qeroBeK BAbtxaer ll Bbubrxaer 20000 pas/4ent;
'/ qacrora gsxaHuii oxolo 1 2 n wurryry; Bo BpeMr rq)Keirbrx
$n:nvecHux ynpaxcreHr4ft qacro.ra,,
ytsenur{nBaercr Ao B0 pa: B MHHyry; :

'/ 3a cyrKr4 rreJroBeK BAbrxaer t{ BbiAbrxaer 6olee 800 n Bo3Ayxa.

,4rtxauue,
.{srxaune cocrorlT H3 BAoxoB H BblnoxoB.
Bqox o6ecneql'IBalor AblxareJlbHble Mbltuqbi, Koropble, coKpalqarrcb, yBeiu.tr{HBaror o6.uelt rpy4Hoii KrrerKH,
Iz Bo3Ayx
3axoAI'{T B AbIXareJrLHbie nyrl'{. lIpN pacc:ra6,reHHl{ AtlxareJrbHr,rx Mlrrrrq o6tent rpy4uofi KrerKH yMegb[raerc{,
BblrD/cKafi yrnenacnrtfi ra3 I43 rblxarenbHblx nyreft (no runy c yrun Bo3AyurHoro urapnrca) [poucxoArar
-
nrt4ox. R cJlyqae, ecla Heo6xoglrM npl,IHyArrrelrnrrft $opcllponauHuft ssrgox (neHnl, peqF,, KpHK, BbrnoJrHeHHe
nacctreHlifi

rsxelofr pa6orsr), npor4cxont4T coKpauleHt4e Mbtrilu. orBeqarculr4x 3a BblAox.

OcuoBHste nstxaleltHrre vr,iruulr:

I. )-raeHoii AbixareJrbHoft lt
ruqefi qB"[sercfl glla$parua:
6 pa3AeJrser co6oi1 rpyAiryrc u 6proitnyio rroJrocrlr;
B paccJla6:ressou cocrosHHH oHa HanoMnHaer pacKpbruii:oHr (nynoloo6pa:na);
'
c tIpH ee coKpaIrIeHI{I4 Kynon crJla)KHBaercs, E oHa yx(e HarroMHHaer cKopee 6luu ---+ o6teni 6pruuHofi
ilonocrH
yMeHblrlaerct, cABHralorct BHH3 opraHbl 6prourHofi norocrn, a o6reu rpy4Hofi norocrn yBeJrr4qhBaerct
Bo3nyx ceo6onF{o HanoJtHrer nerxr4e.
-)
Ko rAa gaaS parva paccla6:rrercr, ilponcxoAaT naccr.rB Hllft ssrAox.
2. flrrxaunro cnoco6crny]or rax]r{e uexpe6epusre Mbrrrrrlbr:
o Hapyxur,re uexpe6epHr,re MLrrlrqbr noMoralor npon3Becrrz Brox;
' BHyrpeHHne uexpe6epHble MbIurLIbI, coKpailIaqci,, yMeHr,uralor nepeAHe-3 aguufr, pa3Mep rpyguofi KJrerKI4 H
yMeHblxalor paccrofiHne Me)KAy pe6pauu, r.o. cnoco6cruyx
$opcrpoBaHHoMy BbrAo{y.
3. I'In't nonaoralor B 3ToM MbIIIIqrt 6proruuoro npecca, Koropbre npu coKpariIeHr4r.r nepeABr,rfalor opraHF,r
6proulHofi
rloJlocl'H 6:rnxe n rpy4Hoft KJIerKe I{ yMeHbrrra}or ee o6sem, 4e:ran gr,ra$parMy 3oHToo6pa:Hofi.
Bcnonaorare'nrnrte AttxarelsHrte naslururt * Bce MbIIIrLibI, irpuKpen'Itlorrluecfi K KocrtM n.[er{eBoro noqca, qepena
HnH
rlo3BoHot{Ht{tty u cnoco6Hble [oAHHMars :u'r6o ofiycKarb pe6pa (rpyarauo-xlroqnqHo-cocueBHAHbre,
6o:rtruae n
rlra;rbre fpyAHbre H Ap.).

Tplnrr nsrxaHng.
B :asucl'rl4ocrl4 or rofo, cB.x3aHo nI{ pacilIr4peHue fpyAHofi xlernu npr4 HopManbHoM
AL,rxaHuH npeuMyilIecrBeHHo c
[oAHqrpIeM pe6ep unu yrIiIoIIIeHI,Ienr gua{paru6r, pa3Jrfiqaror pe6epHrffi (rpyaHoft) n 6prcuruofi rgnbr
A6rxaHilx. TaK,
npn nepBoM Turle, AblxaHHe o6ecne'{HBaercflt B ocHoBHoM, 3a cqer pa6oru uexpb6epHbrx Mbuuq, a
4r,ra$parua
:areftcreosaHa Mano. llpu n'ropou rune - ocHoenoft Abrxare:rbHoir clr,'rofi qBJrserc{ coKpar{eHr,re
4naQpainau.

Pery,rs ure-fl aslxan Hs.

.{rxareriruue ABH)I(eHIa{ gua$paruu u rpyAHoft KJrerKpr ynpaBnsrorcr puTMnrrecxoft arrunuocrrrc oco6fix ,

nefipoHon IdHC (crson uosra). Pa:pn4rr B Hr{x Bo3HHKaror aBToMarprr{ecrcH, Ho; B To:x(e BpeMr, HX
aKTHBHocrb
nocrorHHo no.4crpaHBaerct noA H3MeHrtOrrIHecr norpe6Hocru opraHH3Ma.

Mo:r xoqrponnpyer co,4eo)K6nlle ocHoBHrIx (COz ra Q2) ra:oe e xpoen r.r ee-rr.rcJrorHocrr (pH, T,e. Kor{LleHroauu}o
ngnos Ff). flpn:rorvr oH 6olsure cJreAHr 3areM,
V
"toO"i
ooMeHa BeIqecTB'.He npeBbluaJl AonycrHMbIX IIHSp. KorAa CO2 craHoBI,ITct{ B KpoBr.r 6olrure (uanpur'aep, npn
affHeHofi Qnsiavecnoft AetrenbHocrla), ro uosr Aenaer AbrxaHae 6onee rny6oKHM 14 qacrbrM. Tanunr o6pa^rom.
B.qllxaerct 6o:6ure 02, & 3To crnMynupyer padory cepAlla, qro yBenur{HBaer cKopocri, KpoBoroKa, xax o6rr1"ao, TaK r.{

28
 MMIII (FiAlU flOM>> OI43I4OIOfl4,fl qEJIOBEKA
caz cKopee BbrBoAHTcfl npu Bbuoxe. KorAa ypoBeHb CO2 npiaBe[eH B HopMy, qacrora jlblxaH]4t fl
j-refor-rHofo, u eFo'
rury644ayMeHblllarcr-ct. i : :

Ecln npoucxolur cHtr)(eHHe pH (:axnc:reHue.T.e. bolrrue LroHoB H-) aprepraa-'nHofi xpoeu (Hopnla 7"4),ro
yselnvnBaerct (ou{eiraqHeauue xpoeu). To BeHTultqat cHnxaercfl.
BeHTr4itrqt4fl yBerulrnBaercfl, a ec,.rfi pH
Hopvra,rsHar (cna6ouleno.rHax) pearqnfl KpoBH qeJroBeKa or{eHb Ba)KHa. Taxoe nocrotHcrBo neo6xo.4unao A,rr
npaBunbHoro nporeKaHr4r o6naeuusrx npoueccoB B KJrerKax, TaK KaK rerretbHocrb Bcex Sepueuroe, yqacrByio[lhx B

o6nrese BeruecrB, 3aBr4cHT or pH.

Ha pH Kpoer{ erlar}or:
n ra:oo6ueH B JIefKHX,.,
. BbrAeJ.u.rrerTbHar $yHrcqnx nor{eK.
r 6y$epHrre ceoftcrea KpoBH (cnoco6Hocrr, KpoBH Hefirpalu:oBaH6 JIHIUHHe HoHbt H* nllr OH-).

K 6ydepnrlM cncreMaM Kpoeu orHocgrcq:

c 6uxap6oHarur,rfi 6y0ep (HCO3- u H2-CO3),

: g.T.tilfr ?r'-.-, i.*l?**i?*;onro6rau)

cHnxeHue conepxaHHfl 02 B apTepiaa,rsHofi KpoBH (runoxcun) coilpoBoxnaeTcr yBenHqeHl4eN4 BeHTHITTuHH refKHX.
Hegocraron 02 Bo3HHKaer Bo BpeMr npe6smauNr BbrcoKo B ropaK, npH refoqiibrx:a6oleeaHuxx. O4naxo, Mo3f
MeHbIUe peampyeT Ha HeAocrarorc 02, qeM Ha noBbrlrreHHe KoHr{eHTpaqun co}

flpH SHglr,recrofr Frarpy:re nponcxo4lrr cruMynruHfl AbrxaHHr. Pa6oraroqarr Mbluua norpe6rRer 6oruure KHcJropoAa
(3-4 nlwwu), qeM Mbrrrqa B rroKoe (300 vrdunu).

Ilrron:eorlHue r{acrore n nry6raHe Lbtxatwr nponcxoArr rrpl4 cMexe, foBopeHnh, npr4eMe nr4u-lr.
u:N.reneFrr4s B
flolrue B.4oxI{ nocJre KoporKHX BbrAoxoB, npo}icxoArqr4e npu cMexe H nraqe, fiBJrf,}orcs H3MeHeHueM B .qbrxaHnr.{'
KOTOpOe Bbr3 brBaeTCr 3MO rlr4o HaI bHbtM H CTtlMyIraM r4.

3arepxrca rrxaHllq HahaepeHnas (no4nognoe nlanaHue) rrnl,r Henpog3BoJrbHar (anvrenruuecxiail npuna4ox) Taru,Ke
BbI3hIBaer I43MeHeHHs B AF,IXarenbHoM npoqecce. llpra ilepBbrx xe r:ry6onux BAoxax, yponeHvCo2 B KpoBra
3HaqHTeJIbHo naAaer, H Mo3r nonyqaer MeHLure crHMyngrII4Io 3Tr,rM ra3oM. flpra npo4olxurelrnofi 3aAepxKe
AbIXaHHfi Mo3f nepecraer noryqarb cruMyJrbr eoo6u1e, a 3To BeAer K ocraHoBKe npon3BoAcrBa IlMnyJrbcoB B
AbIXareJIbHoM qenTpe. 3to nloxer npraBecrr.r K rrorepe co3HaHut i,{JrI,I cMeprpr
Ha vacrory r,'ry6nny AbixaHnt Brlrslor raruI(e Hecneuradn.{esKne dgKTepbl (oHrz ue yqacrayror B peryrfir1ur4, Ho
r.r

4eft crey rcr onocpe4ouauuo).

K Hult orHocnrcr:
I) pt3MeHeHHe reMneparypu (xolog uru ren:ro) oKpyxalouefr cpe4u H HenocpeAcrBeHHo Kox(Hbrx noKpoBoB;
2) I43MeHeHHe reMneparypbl TeJIa (nraxopagrca - noB;Ilrraercx r{,{, c}lJrbHoe noHlrxeHue reMileparypbr -
yrHereHHe AsrxarenbHoii gerre,nsHo cru) ;
3; 6oru;
. 4) HMIrynLcbI or 6apopeqenropoB cocyAoB (nonsnueuue AA - yMeHbueHHe 9[ u rry6uHrr 4uxanur);
5) fopMoHbt - aApeHarIHH ($n:iauecnat, yMcrBeHHat Harpy3Ka, crpecc) h nporecrepon (eslcorcrafi ypoBeHb rpn
6epeueHHocra) - yeeluvnBaror BeHTprJrrr{Hro JiefKHX..

I=a:oo6ueu e lermux H txausx.

faroo6n'reu B J'IerKI{x.
O6rraen COzu 02 npoucxoffaT Mexq4y Ka[I4nngpHofi xpont.ro Iz aiIEBeoJIaMI4 [yTeM 4u$$ysuu; T.e. rryTeM naccHBHofo
nepeABI{x(eHI,Iff MoneKyn us o6racru c 6olruefi ax KoHUeHTpaquefi e o6nacrs c lreHtmefi }rx KoHue}rrpaquefi. Tan,
H3 aJILBeOJI, HanOJIHeHHbIX BO3AyXOM, oOrarSrU KHCJTOpOAOM, MOJreKytrbI 02 rrepexo.{flT B Kani,IJrJIrrpbI, rAe
KoHI-IeHlpaU,uq 02 HH3Kas. Ho e Hux KoHrleHTparlvta CO2,6olurre. r{eM B arbBeoJrax, nogrorvry, CO2 nepexolr,rT H3
Kanl,ulJltpoB B zulbBeoJlbi- Tarnna o6pa:ou, Hacly[aer BblpaBHr,rBaHHe KoHueHTpaur4H fa3oB B arbBeoJiax r4
Kan14nJrripax.

29
 'j'
' MMIII (HAIII AoM,' or43r40/Iofi4tl qE/roBEKA
TxaneeoeAbrxanr{e. :j.,,....
Forsuraq,qacrb KncJlopoga ne peHocr4Tc, :(po Bbro pacrBo
B peH Ho M BHAe H'B. rtrAe'XlavrauecKoro coeAHHeHH, c
rev o r.rro 6a HoM 3 pr4Tp o rIHTO B. TaK, I r: re vorrio6llHa
MC){(er' arb ;34 vtn lg.fcriopoAar i'. r,!
;
c Br3 1
i

Yme ru cl st fi ra3, TpaHc I to pTr.IpyeTcr TaK )Kd,,,.. . ..i.:1 t: _i ji,,,,,

fiMH npoucxoAHT, KaK n e,rerKax,' .,rD/TeM

M'IJIO VIlreI{I4crrnrr},rce2 (\: tx C(\, n6^^ii^,;,a-^

.o,,".peM:qarcrcr,rr3 npocrpaHcrB
;;il;-##;;ffiil,
alz$$y:uu.

c-oonr*.r no"**d;#;;;;il#;:il;i
B rxaHhx

ux iwentruei roHqeurpaquefi
"n";:ff:#"*l,i?"ff1;,|:,1 .

t QyHrcquoHaJrbHoro cocroflHur BXorrIr{Hx B ero cocraB rureroK:

'/ KorAa opraHI43M HaxoAHTcs B cocro.sH,u EoKoq,
KHcJIopoA orHoc'rreJrbHo HHTer{cHBHo norJloulaercfl
MHoKapAoM' forrro'HbrM Mo3roM
crcelerHiie MbIIrqbI' 6eloe eeulecrro rolroBHoro Mosia,
t9:l:i
rcopoili. n.u""Ji. *;;;;".
noqeK; B ro )Ke BpeM, ;..tro*
norp"dn"ro, efo MeHbue ;
'/ npu $usnuecxofi uarpy:ne norpe6re*r. *r"nopo;;;;n"r" "rn.a.nnu
*ro*upru Bo3pacraer a3-4 paza, a
rHbrMr4 *i,tqur,
D ,", j:f;#f,, - 6o,ree qeNr s 20-50 p*, no
.pur""l", c ypoBHeM noKor.
/ cHHlxeHHe reMneparypbt - 3HeprerHqecxuii o6veu 3aMeArrerc.q
u norpe6uocrb B Kr4cnopole
CHHXAETC{;
'/ yBenHqeHr,e reMneparypbr reJla - yBenHqeHHe norpe6,reH,rr Kr4cnopoAa.
Tax. npn u3MeHeHMH reMreparypo, nu l
' TKaH'MH Bo3pacraerBToM)Ke
rc 4l.puoilor,
OoC e npe4eru* o, 20 Av rv tvaAJvwD norpe6reuue Khcnopora
HanpaBrTeHIdws2_3pa3a.'v

o HacblqeHHs KpoBr.l KHCnOpoAoM;

cKopocTr,l KpoBoTOKa B AaHHOM OpfaHe.

. HetrocTaTOn 02 n apTeprzaJibHo[ xponiE (:a6o;ienauiax

.rrernux);
6 aHeMHr (yueHrureHlre qlrcJra 3pr.rrporlrroB H reMor.ilo6raua);
c yMeHbIIIeHI4e KpoBocua6xeuns roro HnI4 nHoro
opfaHa (Hanpzuep, npu cgar:reHsx.ero cocy4oe).

1. rnydoxoe oprcuHoe :'an'n

Abrxa'He -
L Cae'l<via Bo3Ayx """$xff;1,::::T"y#:."u""*
(nnHoro O2), upoeerpruuur** noueuenufr.

no6oquue [poAyI$bI o6naeHa, BbIBorHMbIe JrerKI,rMH, 3aAepxuBarora"

oprur"3Me H orpaBn.rrror ero;
3 a.qeplKKa flullleBapeHr.r.fl ; "
o KOXa CTaHoBI,tTCt 3eMIHCTO|O IlBeTa;
. yfHereHr4e cepAeqHoft 4errelsHocrn;
r 3aTyMaHHBaHHe MblrxJleHr4q;
e yfHeTeHae Ae{TeJIbHOCTH BCeX CprcTeM opfaHr43Ma; : .

e yBeirHquBaercrr BocnpHHMr{HBocrb K :a6olenauus:r,r.

cr4' c'272-274 <rferxu't Heo6xoff.tlo rpe4ocraBl'rrb MaKcHMaJrbHyro cno6ogry.

rpyAHat KrerKa He crecHeHa' Ho yMeHblllaerctt ecJIIt ecr' I4x o6r,eu yBe,r,q'Baercr,
JIerKHe qeM-To cxarbtr ly6nrelaHue nocreAcrBuf
rIpoBoAI4Tb u*oro npHBbrqKH
BpeMeHI'I cHrs, Ha(noHI'IBIIrlicr, ccyry,ruBruucb
pacnpocrpaFleHbl B Halxe BpeM,I' B raxou
ua4 cnoeft pa6oroft 12731, crarru oroJib
noJIox€HI'IH lleBo3MoxcHo rny6o5o AbrrrrarL. rlonepxrrocrgee
AbrxaHae
'rlerKple_ r.9:*t cnoqo6Hocrb E AocrarouHofi rr,repe pacmHpsrrcr. Iloqo6Hr16
BcKgpe craHoBi'ITct npuurnrofi, H
e$$exr Br'l3blBaer Tyro crruyrrtfi Kopcer. HuN11n8,,vgcrr rpyAHofi KJrerKH,crecHeHa,6prcurHax
14
Mycl(yJrarypa,
:::::::i:--*"-1",p"ft^:::19-1 tou, uro6bl_noMorarL npoq.."y AbrxaH,n, He,pa6oraer B rrorrHylo
JrerKHx craHoBHTc,: orpauu.reuHoft.
cvrily, H
AelT:{blocrb ,:, r .,. r:
TanraM o6pa:ottl, cHl4xaerct nocrymeHue Klrci'lopoAQ.ilB;,KpoBb.
oHa .Aeraxercs MerJreHno. Orpa6oraHHbte,
'tIAoBI4TbIe neqec.'ea,'Koropble A'JI)KH'I ytanxrr,efl I,I3 refKr{x qepe3
BblrbrxaHl4e, 3aAepxHBalorcr, nonaAa, B KpoBb I,I
3arpt3Htff ee' 3ro orpaxGerct He ronl'Ko Ha JIe.KHX,
Ho H Ha xenyAxe, Ha ner{eHn H Mo3re. Koxa nprao6peraer
xe'rrosarrtfi orreHo*, nuuleBapeHl4e 3aMeAJltercq, cepAlre
ocla6esaer, Mo3f 3aryMaH'Baerc{, MLIcrI,{ .,1/Tarorc.g,
HacrpoeHHe y\yAuaercq' Becb oplaHI{3M craHoBHTcq
B{t-bIM u oco6enrio-"oanp"r*"IdBbrM K 6oresHgla.

30
 nocrorHl{o nsr6pacr,rnarcT Heq14cro'rbr, }4 no3ToMy nocrotHHo rpe6yror cBe}I(ero Bo3,4yxa,
12741 ii,erxvte
3arpr:ueHHsrfi eo:4yx He npe;1ocraBr.ser liM KncnopoA e Heo6xoAl4voM Koituqecr8e, H KpoBL noc'ryflaer B Mo3r 14

Apyrfie opfaHbl, c;ra6o lracrruleHHatr KHc.i:ropoloM u cta6o o6HoeleHuas. OTcroAa,eblBoA: )KHnI'Ie noMellleHHfl
Heo6xoit,rauo xopomo npoBerpprBaru. Xu:ss B TecHbrx, finoxo npoBerpuBaeMbtx KBaprnpax c rsxeJtblM,
Hcnopr{eHHbIM Bo3AyxoM oc:ra6,rger Becb opfaHI,I3M, OH craHoBLircfl oco6eHno r{yBcrBl.{TeIbHLIM K Bill.IqHl{to KoloAa,
H Ma-.refiulee nepeo)crrffMeHi{e npr,rBoAur rc:a6onesaHHro. Msorne xeHUII4Hbl 6le,4nst u oclaS,reHll l{MeHHo noroMy,
I{TO CACIATIH.CC6T
YTHUqAMH NOMCUIEHVdT. OAU CHOBA H CHOBA TbIIXAT OAHI,IM H TEM x(C BO3AYXO['\, ICPCHACbIU]CHHbIM
flIoBHTbTMH Ber{ecrBaMu, asr6pacuaaeMbrMH JTeTKHMH i,r BbtAeirreMblMu nopaMu, u Her{I4crorbt raKaM o6pa:ou
rlocrynarcr o6pa.rHo B KpoBb)).

3. Kynrrypa pevu (npora:HorrreHre Ha srr4oxe) rI ocaHKa.

Bocnuraulre, ci98 <liepsce, qero Hy)KHo ro6nBarbcfl. - sro npaeH'Trxoft ocaFIxH, Kol-r:l,a cHAHIIIb ltlltl crouurr' Eor
co3Aan qeJIoBeKa crpoilHbrM, u OH xe:raer, uro6sl rieJIoBeK olnaqy He roJIbKo Su:uuecnnlt 3AopoBLeM, Ho rarcKe H
yMcrBeHHbrM npeBocxoncrBoM pr HpaBcrBeHHbrM AocroHHcrBoM, 6ru crpofiustu, 6:raropoAHbtM, xnaAHoKpoBHbtM,
Myx(ecrBeHHbrM I.{ yBepeHH},rM B ce6e, ueuy n orponaHoff creileHr4 cnoco6creyer Beprr4xzulbHoe noJIoN€HHe qeJIoBeKa.
flycrs yqnTenb npoAeMoHcrpt4pyer 3To, o6T,.flcHr4l KaKar ocaHKa npaBnilblar, H nocrotHHo cJIeAvr 3a reM, qro6tt
yqeHHKH BCerAa xoAHJlr4 H CVAerW, pacnpaBnB nrer{H.
C,re4yroquuH no BzDKHocrH fiBnflIorcr AbrxarensHaq fi fonocoBarr Kynbrypa. Tor, rro crouT I4 cHrI{T rtpflMo,
BepotrTHo, 5yilo. w npaBrlnbHee Ar,rrxarb no cpaBHeHnlo c Apyn4Mu. yqfiTettrc Heo6xoAttuo y6e4arr yrteHHKoB B
BaxcHocrr,r rny6oxoro ArixaHr4f. O6rscHl.rre, qro 3gopoBar pa6ora opraHoB AbrxaHl4fl oKaiblBaer xI4BHTeiIbHoe
so:Aeilcrsfie Ha opraHr,{3M, ynyqulaer AeqreJrr,Hocrb opraHoB nposoo6pauleHi4t, noBllrtraer anrerul cnoco6crnyer
nprureBapeHuro, HopMzLTr43yer coH pr, TaKHM o6pa:olvr, He rolbKo yKpenn{er $u:i.rvecrclr, Ho H ycnoKanBaer pa3yM.
KorA,a yqeHHKr4 3To ys,clr-s't, nepexoAr4Te K npaKTr4qecKoMy rrplrMeHeHl4to 3HaHHfr, nycrb oHH nocrotHHo
y[paKHqlorct B 3ToM, c reM, qro6rt uy6onoe AbIXaHI4e BoITIJIo B rlpl4Bblr]x"v)).

4. HerarneHlre r.roHbr (vopo:Hrrii Bo3Ayx, Bo34yx Ha npxpoAe, oco6esHo B necy, y perra) y:ryq[rator pa6ory Mo3ra,
pa6ory pe cHprr{eK pecilprparopHo ro rpaKTa, yrryqruaror HacrpoeHi.re H caMorIyBcrBiae.

5. @s:uqecxne ynpaxftieHlrfi - noJrHorleHHoe Ar,rxaHr.{e:

'/ paBHoMepHocrr rcpoaoo6patrleHHs]
,/ AocraroqHoe nocryrrleHue KucnopoAa H BbIBeAeHI4e yrJrexficnoro ra3a;
,/ ycnoKoeHne HepBoB;
'/ crr4MyJltuut annernTa:
,/ noMoulb B nr4u-\eBapeHHHl
'/ xopourufi coH:
,/ yKpenneHne rerKHX.

6. Ifuraulre, o6ecnequnaroqee $opvrupoBaHne Aocraror{Horo KoJrtrqecrBa noJlHoqeHHstx,6ola.rrrx rcMorno6uHoM,

3pHTpOrlHroB.

7. Bona'.
./ JrerKhe ga75o/o cocroflT H3 BoAbI,
./ ilpu AbixaHnn I4cnapgercs oKoJIo 0,5 ;r no4rt/cyr

'8. Cso6oAHat oAe)KAa.

Ckl. c.292 <Kpovre rofo, Tflx(ecrb oAex(Abr BbrHyx.qaer xeHulnHy cyrynH-rbcr H 3arpyAHrer npaBunbHoe AbrxaHue.
CTCCH'Ifl JIEI-KHC...
...3arsrueaq ra,qr{ro, )r(eHUIrrH},r H MoJIoAbre AeByuKH HaHoctr ce6e Henonpanuur,rii npe4..IIpr 3AopoBbt or{eHb
cyuIeflBeHHO,' UrOort fpyAHafl KJrerKa r4Mera npocrpaHcTBo MaKcL{MaJrbHo pac[Ir4pfiTbcfl, a JrerKt{e MoffI}t AeJIarb
nolHtrfi bAox.:'Koraa JrerKr4e crucHyrbr, KonuqecrBo KllcnopoAa, nocrynaloulee B HLtx, yMeHl[Iaercx. Kpoer He
o6oraqaercfi 'Kr.rcnopoAoM Aonx(HbiM o6pa:ou, u npoAyKTbr nepepa6orrur He BbrxoArIT qepe3 JrerKHe, a
3anep)Kr{Ba}orcr B HHX. B Ao6ae,reHue K 3ToMy Hapyuaerct ur4pKynruur KpoBr4, 14 BHyrpeHH}ie opraHbr raK crecHeHbr
H CMeU{eHbr, qTo He rvrOryr HopManbHo'BbinolHflTb cnoro pa6ory>. : :. :

a1
JI
 :,., : :MNX III r( F{AI{Ii I OM $,: "@I'I 3LI.O I]O|Mfr l{'E /l 0,8'E KA
Br,raoA.
Or roro, HacKoJrbKo xoporuo SyHrcuraour,rpyer Harila AbrxarerbHat cLrcreMa, 3aBHcr.rr 3AopoBbe u $yHrcquoua,rbHarr
cnoco6nocrr rcax(qoft rurerKn H Kax.qoro opfaHa Harrrero opraHI,I3Ma. .{ocra'rouHoe clra6xeHne opfaHoB KucnopoAoM
3aBncL4T or roro, KaKRM Eo3AyxoM (uacuqeHHocrb ero KHcJropoAoM) nu 4slurnre,r4.,or paBHoMepHocrr4 ' ' :r1 ::i
xpoaoo6paqeunr. Bce, qro o6ecneqlrBaer 3TH ABa yciroenr, cnoco6crnyer AoJDKHoMy cHa6xeHnn Kr,rcnopoAoM, a.
3Haqnr,, oOegngql,Iraer.noJllrolleFlHyrc ppb-of,y K4€roK Ba[Iero reJ]a.r': . i i :j,

lloAroroelubc&S:9Aaqe: recros no Te\4q,<,{rlgarel-b:H4g3acreM?t. . . ,. . . .i

.- ,:. :

.ui,t

J2
 MMIII (HAllI AOM, OH3I4AilAfU,fl I{E/IOBEKA
Yporc..\! 6 : :

Texa. flnrqenap ureJrtbH afl c r.rcrexa.

O3fI, c'82 <Eor xelaer, 'iro6tl nrcAa pa3BI4BtuIH cnny cBoero xapaKTepa. oH xeraer. qro6sr Bce, npr4HgMalou1r4e
yr{acrue n Ero pa6ore, o6naganw npoHr4uarenhHbrM yMoM u 6srcrporoii peaKrln}r. Onu
4o:rxHsr 6rnr Bo3lfepxaHHbr B
eAe; )KHpHbIM Il H3bICKaHUrnu O,rrcAapr He MecTO Ha HX cTO,{e, npLI nocTO{HHOM yMcTBeHHoM nepeyTOMneHHI,I
H
orcyrcrBl4H $u:Nuecnltx Harpy3oK l{yxHa yMepeHHocrb ra)Ke n cauofi npocroii nurrle.
ffauuun,o6:ra4asruuft
'gcHocTllo yMa, qeneycrpeMneHHocrblo H cmnoh nHTeJrJ'IeKTa B oBnaIeHI,IH 3HaHHqMH, Aocrur 3Toro B :Haqare.rulnofi
creneHH 6narogapr He:areil:raso fi nu:uhe, Koropat rloJrHocrblo coorBercrBoBaJra ero )KI43HH, xcnoJrHellHofr nlornrsr,r).

I. Crpoeuue XKT, $yHxquu H peryfisuns Aesrerr,Hocrr{ XKT.

IInulenapureJlbHafl cHcreMa - cacreMa opraHoB, ocnosHofi $yHxqnefi rcoropofi qBJrqercr npeBparrieHr4e nr4ulr4 B
TaKHe MoneKynbl' KOTOpbIe MoryT BcacbIBaTLcf B KpOBb Lr TpaHCnOpTHpoBaTbCrI B
Apyfi{e opfaHbr:
. yrneBoAbr - npocrbre eaxapa (rulroxosa,
Spyxro:a, ra,rarcrosa);
r 6e-rrxia - aMI4HoKHcJIoTLI;
. )KPIPbI - )KI4PHbIC KHCJIOTbI.

Xely4o'rno-xnnreqnsrfi TpaKT - crlJloruHax rpy6ra, 4lnHofi oxo:io 9 M, coeAuHnloilra.fl poroBoe orBepcrge c

aHaJIbHbIM, CO CTOHT I,I3 :
./ poroaofi norocrr{,
,'/ rJrorKr,r,
{ ili,rueBo.qa,
./ xeryAKa,
,/ ToHKofo KHireqHHKa,
'/ ToJlcrofo KHIqer{HI4Ka,
'/,/ npluoii KHurKt4,
aHaJILHoroorBepcrur.

B xe'try4o'tHo-t<lzmeqHufi TpaKT orKpbtBalorcf nporoKla nurrleBapr.rreJrbHr,rx )KeJre3 (nrr4erxroulgx rryrrleBapgTe.rrbHbre

$epmenru):
{ crrcHHbIX xene3,
./ noprenyAor{nofi xere:rr;
,/ rerIeHH.

B XKT no crenoearertFto o.cyqe crersrorcr cre4vrcu,e npoueccbr :

1. MexaHHqecKaq o6pa6orxa nnqn (n:ueJlbLreuue, nepeMeIIII,rBaHue, ilepeMeuienue)
2. xI'IMHr{ecKat o6pa6orxa HnI4 ilepeBapl,IBaHue (cerqeqrar ilfirqeBapr{rersHbrx coKoB, pacqennfl}orrlgx
nnTareJrbHbre seulecrea)
3 ' BcacbIBaHI'Ie rnnlt a6cop6qnt - nocryrineHue pacuefrreHHlrx BeII{ecrB c eogofi,
MHHepaJ.rbHbIMH cojrsMg i4
BUTaMHHaMH qepe3 xrerKpt clugnctofi o6oloqnu roHKofo KHneqHuKa B KpoBb (nce,
rcponle xupoB H
xupopacrBopHMblx suraunuoa) u nilrra$y (Nnpu a x(HpopacrBopr.rMbte auranauHsr)
4' 3JIHMI{HauHx KoHer{HbIX npoAylcroB ilHureBapeHkfl rrepe3 aHaJrbHoe orBepcrlre.

@vnxquu pa:Hsx orAenos XKT:

o rpaHcnoprnpoBKa nuult4 (poroeaa norocrb, nnqeeo4);
o naqn (xelyAoK, roncruii xuuteqHur):
xpaHeHue
o nuqu (rouxuft ruaure.{Hnn).
nepeBapr4BaHfie r,r BcacbrBaHue
Peryrqqrrq .4eqrertHo crrr XKT:
a) ropMoHbr H 6uororn'{ecKi4 aKrr,trBHbre BeulecrBa (nenrragu);
b) coKparnTerbHag aKfHBHocrb rnaAKoMLtrxer{Hlrx K[eroK;
c.l BefeTaTHBHaq cHcTeMa.
llnulenapureillHEle coru (90% eoArt, l0% $eprvreurrl
- 6erxu-xararrcaropbr ngqeeapeHux).

??
 MMIII (HAIII AOMIi OWSWOllOrMfr I{EJIOBEKA
. B cyrKu eslpa6arsleaercr 8,5-9 it nuuleBapuTe.irbHbrx coKoB.
. c,rrcgal,5';r, '-r-. " I ,:.:
.x(enyAoI{HbIftcoK2,5n,.|::.:::,':,..1':.:]i..
: : :j.r:"r': i : :r: j
''. noAxe,nyAovHrrftcoKlr, " " ')'

. xerqb 1,2 r,
. KHUIeqHrtfi COr 2"5 ,r. I

Vcro eu.q Arq ed$eKTrzeHofr pa6orrr SeoN,renro

. TeMnepary pa36-370C,
e:
:: I r' ' I ., :i:'

' coorBercTByloqas KoHUeHTpaUu.r $epueHroe (npraena BoAr,r Bo BpeMr eAbr cHlrx(aer hx KoHqeHrpaqiarc),
c BpeMt o6pa6omra $epueHror (nepexenltnaHue, nepeKycbrBaHHe, coorHorrreHHe pacruTerbHblx H )Kr4BorHbrx
npo4lrroe).

1.Poronag,iro,,IocTb.'':,'..,l.,,.:..:,
upfaHbr poToBoH nonocTH, y:{acTBy}oi{ve B rIr4[IeBapeHHH:
3y6u cyrqecrBylor Ans lr3Menbarelrur nr4ruu:
. yBerHqHBaerct nnoulaAb noBepxHocTH nHulH, a3Haqr4T, 14 nnouaAb conpHKocHoBeHux c.. ,,,,,
nuqeBaplfTeJIbHLIMIrI COKaMI{, .:..., , :t.. .

. xeBaHI,Ie crl,IMyJltpyer ceKperlulo B )KeJryAKe nerrcuHa n HCI (con*iax ruc:nora). :

ftr uarccuntaJlblto s$$ercrnauofo nepexeBbrBaHur ueo6xoAurr.r nonsrrft Ha6op 3y6on,, fi orcyrcrBr4e HecKorr,Kr4x,a3
HHX HeJIb3.u KoMneHcllposars 6one€ I4HTeHCI4BHbIM HJIH npoAonlKI4TeJILHbIM XeBaHpIeM.

U,'IloHHbIe xeJIe3bI (oro:ro;trtlusle x(ene3Ll - 2, no4ueltocrHble

- 2, no4txsr,IqHble - 2, ,MeIKHe rKaHeBLIe xele:xu).
KaxgarxejIe3acocTol1TH3ceKpeTopHblX'K]IeToKHBbIBoAfiIIlHxnpoToKoB:
Cnroua cocrotlT I4s Bo,qbl, 6elxon, MHlrepaJIbHErx coleft (or-o:royurutre Ne:re:u) a MytorroJrr4caxapnAoB
(nog,relrccrHr,Ie M nolbt3brqHbre xelessr). BsrAersercq oKono' I :r n cyrxrz.
3gaqesi,re clrcuu:
o cMaqHBaeT nl4nly, qro o6aer.{aer ee AiurbHeftuee nepeueuleHue no XKT (xeeaft HaAo rqarelLHo H He
cneura);
. coAep)KI{T cJIIoHHy}o all$a-auu.rra:y (oxoroyllrHbre xelesu) - Seprraeur, yqacrByroqnfi n nepeeapuBaH4r4
KpaxMaJra (3 0-60% yrneno4on) ;
. coAepxr4r B12-cBfl3bBarouqnfi $axrop; :.
! froMofaeT B,apTI,IKynsrIHr,r; :

. coAepx$rr Jrr,r3oqr.{M (anru6uorux), nuuyHomo6yluutr; .., ,

. yJryr{uaeT orqyu-leHl4e BKycoB.

Pervrquus crlouoorAereHut cuMnarl{qectafl v napacl,IMilaruqecras HepBHbre cucreMbr noA eo:AeftcrBueM
-
TaKTuJIbHbIx H BKycoBbIX pasApaxcnTeteit uzporosofi nolocrH r.r o6oH.s'relsurix pa:4paxrareleft or peqenropoB
Hocosoft noJlocrt4. YcunHm cnaHoorAeJleHr{e MoryT BlrA nrrulu, BocnoMHHaHn:e o Heit, accoquarlur{ c e4oft (nay:urca,
3BoH KyxoHHofi nocyarr).

ff:srn. i: ' r ' : .i . ..'. ., 1.: I.

. NEPEMCIIHBAHUENHUII4;.
. r3blKoBas runa3a al$HBHpyercfi B xeryAnej rae qacruqHo pactlenJrfler 30Yo'rpiurnuqeprrAo;; 'i ':
-
o DIOTaHUe - (npU nOnaAaHHu nHilIeBofo KoMKa Ha KopeHb r:ura). ' i :: " "
O3II, c. 107 <Ecm Hacrlex, npnr{eM oAHoapeueHuo pasurle BHAbr rrprulu; -:ero 6o.nsurax'ouru6xa. Eurrie Me.qneHHo H
TlllaTeJlbHonepexeermaftrenp1qy). : :' "''::' : r'';:: '

':
BcacrBaHHenporodofino,TocrH:HeKoTopbIeMeAHKaMeHTbI,€UIKofoJII,'HeKoTopbIenpocTbIecaXapa.
:. l

2.korna - r{acrb XKT ra Ar,lxarenbHoil rpy6xra. Hanpannrer nurrly B nHrrleBoA r{epe3 BepxHurT ero c$uHruep
*oropurftnp'no'"icy.'.aUIaTbtBaHurc".uor,rylxanpt,trrroraHuuniiqH'.'.-.....
i ;.: t , r .:. : .:

3. flnqenog - Mbluler{Hat ryy6na g.uHofl 25-35 cu. HaxoAurcs npenMyrqecrBeHHo e rpyaHofi nonocru Me)KAy
rpaxeefi 14 cepAqeM, npoHHKaer e oprcuruym rroJrocrb, npoH'r3brBar gua$pan'ay.

).+
 iMMIIi (HAru AOM,, Qy1BWAJlOfl4,fi tiE{OBEKA
tr4veer 2 c:tos, MblueqHbrx BoiroKoH: aapyxHufi - npoitonbllrrfi, eHyrpeHnrail * Llnpxynnp:Hbtrt.3aKaH,rHsaercs
riuuleBotr unxstrv c$lrHrcrepov, orre.llfrouluM ero or xenyAKa. OH npenrrcreyer :a6pacbrBaHHlo KHcJ'tofo
coAepXtHMOrO x{erT}'AKa B nHUIeBoA, rAe CpeAa [Iej'l0qHat. i. i: ,

flltrt{esofi KoMoK nepeMeu{aerct no nHu{eBoAy 3a cqer lepncraJ-rbr].rKH (eo:rnoo6pa:Hoe, pHTMHrrHoe coKparqeHxe ero
urruq).

4. Xenygolc
flo:nift ttuureqHufi opraH, pacilonoxeHuufi n nepxuefi lenofi o6lacrn 6pmruHofi rroJrocru cpa3y rroA 4ua$parraofi.
MarcuvalrHufi o6relr -2-3 nwpa

flpaxrn.recmoe npr{M€HeHHe srraquft

Ilepee4auue ilepenonHqer xeilyAoK H qacr6 ero, ilpeoAoJrenafl conporrrrBJreHue Kap.4HanbHoro c$lrHxrepa
nl4uleBoAa. :a6pacstraerct B nldrr1eeoD,, olxuran rcucrorofi ero cnn3ncryro o6olour<y (pe$-rrnrcc - eao$arnr).
Kponre roro, nepenolseHHstfr xenyAoK noA)KvrMaer 4r,ra$par,r,ry H rrpenrrcrByer nonHorleHHoMy AbrxaHr.{ro.

(DyHxuun xe.ryarca:
a) pe3epByapHax (HarconneHne i4 coxpaHeHue nnrqeBoro nouxa);
b) rrpeKpauleHr4e pa6orrr $epveriroe pacu{enn.srcrqux yrneBoAbr;
c) orulenneHHe MoneKyn a3ora or 6elxon:
d) rr,lexauu.recKoe n3MeJIbqeHHe TpaHcnopr r 12-nepcrnyro Kr{mKy (Nugxax qacrb 3BaKyapyercr 6srcrpo, a
14

TeepAbte qacrHr-IKH ocralorct B )KeJryAKe, noKa He H3MeJrbqarcr (nocpegcrnoM TpeHHr oAsa o6 Apyrylo) Ao
pa3MepoB z 2-3 r]/lw, no 90Vo rIacTHI-l, noKuAaloulrix )KenyAoK, HMeroT pa3Mep ue 6o.nee 0,25 nu. t{acruqlr,
pa3MepoM 6o,rnue 3 uu, sa4epxr4Balorcr B )KenyAKe.[oJrro 14 BbrBol_lflTcr B ronoAuyro nuqeeapelafl npr4
$a:y
noMolun cnetlna-lbHoro MexaHhiMa (BaxHocrb rularerbHofo nepe)KeBbtnaHur):
e) ceKperopHafi (Ne,'ryqouHlrfi cor<).
B pely,'mare padoru x(enyAKa o6pa:yercr xr{Myc - H3MerbqeHurrii, vacruuHo ilepeBapeHHslfi, no:ryxlrgrcafi
nHqeeoil KoMoK.
Crpognlre xelyAxa: l

l. Cepo:usrfi c:roil.
2. MrrureqHsril cloil:
. Hapyxlrblft clofr - npoqonbHbre Mbrrxrlbl;
e cpe1Hufr c,roli - unpKynflpHbre Mr,iurrbl;
' BlryrpeHHufr clofi - Kocble Mblixqbl; Mex4/ cror{Mu pac[onox(eHhl HepBH;re crurereuar, ocyilIecrBnfi]orque
perynrrlHro AefiTenbHocTH )KeJryAKa.
" 7"=;"iff:r"i!1ii""'"noB nr.rureBapnrenbHbrx )Ke're3,
/ strAerse.t 2-3 l xeJryAoqnoro coKa,
,/ . BbrAenfler ropMoH racrpr.rH (Gxire$ff_nfinopr4qecKoro orge.ra) j erraMynupyer BLrAeJreHHe colxuofi
KPICJIOTbI I4 NCTCI,IHOTEHA.

Cocrae xe"t)rAoqHoro coxa:

1. corfiHat KI,tcJIora sltpa6arueaerc.a napuera-qrHuNau (o6KraaoqHuil,llr) K-nerrcaNal{; ::
,/ aKrHBr4pyer nencuHoreH II n npeepaqaer ero B rrertcnH, . . I

./ aHrra6arrepna"nbHble ctoilcrna,

,/cnoco6crayer npeBpaueuuro Fe3' e Fe2'.

I4a6rnor BbtAeneHnt colsHoft KI,IcJIorLr npoBounpyerct crpeccoM, nepeeAaHueu, rco$elrnoM? MxcHr,rMH
3KcrpaKraMI'I, npH nepeKycblBaHl;ilI, I43JIH[IKe norpe6reunx 6enxon, HelocrarKe ao4li. Co BpeMeHeM aslpa6orKa ee, ,

yrHeTaercr.

2. nencaHoreH, aKTHBHat $oprua - nerIcHH (ra4po:rra:yer

6elxa u o6nagaer SarcrepnquqHlrMg ceoftcrnavn).
Bsipa6arusarcutt*r ero KJIeTKaM Heo6xo4nvo 6 uacoa, q'ro6sr Har{arb HaKanJrprBarb HoByro nopup{rc
tlencuHoreHa.

35
 , MMII ((HAru AOM)) OI43I,IOJIO| WnI9-E/rOBEKA
O3fl, c. 1 73'<<iloc:le rofo, KaK xeryAoK cAena-q cnoro pa6ory nocre oAHoro npueMa nxulr4, He BruraAblBafrre s Frero
6o;irue Hnr{efo Ao rex [op, noKa xenyAoK He orAoxHer.H opraHh3M ue ni,rpa6oraer gocraroqiioro no-nuq€crBa' ]
itenyAor{Hofo cora D-rs nepeBapvnatun ouepe4Hofi nopr{i4H rrr4ulr4. Melqy npHeMaMH nurrlr4 Aon)KHo npoftrla ue ' '
MeHee ntrH qacoB. BcerAa noMHt{Te o roM, qro AByxpa3oeoe nr4radr4e ropa3go lyvme'rpexpa:oeoro. Bbr ivtc)Kere 3To
rrpoBepr.{Tb ua ce6e H Ha onbrre ydeqrrscr B noJre3HocrH 3Tofo coBera).

J. crusr (obeolarctauaer xaMyc a 3arr{r4rrlaer cnn3ucryro or noepexqqeHrii'kuc:rorofi ra $ep,reHran,tu).

3ror c.nu:ucruft 6aprep noBpe)I(qaercs'acnlrpuHoM, nporuBoBocnallzrenrHbrMra npeilapaTaMr.r, a-nKoloreu,
Kopru3ora, xrytIHMI4 cfieunr]vrl4 (npacuulr xryqnM neprIeM, xopuqefr, MycxarnbrM opexorra)
tts6smrcoN,{ H yKcycoM,
ropxveft nuqefi - o)KorH crusr.rcroil.
BaxgocooTHoIueHI,IecoIqHoftKHcJIoTI,I;H'ciIv13I4:
.6olrrueKHc.IIoTbI*vensurecJII,I3H:3po3I,I,s'{3BBr;.,
. MeHbIlIe Kuctrorbr + 6olsure clrlt3vr: :i , i

'l:..yueHsuIeHaeIIepeBap'|BaHufl6eIxos-rHHeHHeBKHIIIeqHuKe;
'/ ue rn6Hyr nauxpo6u - 4r'tc6axrepuo3 - fHHeHHe, 6poxeHue (ra:sr), yfHereHr4e hMMyHHTera;
./ aHeMHs (nnoxo ycBat4laercfl xere:o). '. '

4. enyrpeHriufi $arrop Kacr:ra (ueo6xo4nvr &qq ycBoeHr.rfr BuTaMuHa 8,1).', , r:' ,

cexp,eqnx x(e.rTyAoqHoro coKa HaTorrIaK (6a:a,rrHan cexper4an) cocTaBJIfleT y r{enoBeKa 1070 roro KoJrHrrecTBa, KoTopoe
ceKperupyerc.fi npn MaKclIMaJIbHofi cruuylrquu. Ctuttynrropofi BbrAeJreHHfi x(elyAorrHofo aoKa qBrqercs npneM
nHu-lH. Bo:Eeilcreile nHuIH Harll{Haercfl eqe Ao ee ynorpe6retfin v ilpoAonx(aercr rrocJre roro, KaK npueM nnuln
3aKOHrieH" I r'

flpouec cexperlilr4 sKnloqaer uecKorrrco Sa3

1 . Ife$anvuecNafl -
Hav.a'ro, cBx3aHo c o)KHraHHeM ilHrqu, npercraBneHuenr o Hefi, e€ BlrAoM, 3arraxoM,
BKycoBbrM orqyqeHr.{eM. Co crasrqer 4A- 5 0o/o oT MaKcprMafirnoft cenpequu.
2. Xe,rygo'iuax $a:a - Har{ailo cBt3aHo c pacrrx(eHueM )KenyAKa nuulefi n ee xuMr4qecnlru no:geficrBl,IeM
(npoay rtrsr nepeBapuBaanR 6erxoa, 4alrqlrfi , Ho Hbr Mal. Hr4-ii, aJrKo rorr b, ro $ e ran).
3. KurueqHag - HaqaJio cB-*3aHo c pacrgN(eHlreM KlzmeqHnrca n sos4eficrBaer\r Ha Hefo npoAyKToB pacqelneHnq
6elxon.

Pervrrunq neqrersuoc r r.i xeryAxa:

c nepHcTzuibrHKaperynHpyeTcfl:
'/ co6creenHbre crurereHHq xe[yAKa (<xuurevHslfi nao:r>),
/ BererarnBHafl HepBHafi cucreMa (cultnaruue cKafr pr [apacl4Mnarlrvecrcax),
'/ topMoHbl (crrarrny.naqru nepl4cra,rrbrnKu - xoneuucroKl4HuH, racrprrH, noAaBneHue - ceKperlaH, rJrloKafoH,
BI,I[I, colraro craruu),
v/ B perynflIlHr onopox(HeHlzfl )KeJryAKa HrpaloT ponb erc HarIoJIHeHHe, pa3Mepbl nr{rrleBbrx r{acTHrI, Bs3KocTL
coAepxuMoro, AB!{fareJrbHat aKTHBHocrs qe:roserca, norpe6reHI,re )KHAKocrl4 Eo BpeMr npueMa ilHltfr4,
'/ BpeMt Haxox(AeHLIq m,Itql{ B )KenyAKe 2-10 qacos (6o;rrure 4 .{acos npr.r norpe$leHlrH xrzBorHr,rx
npogymon).
. ceKpeIIIafl perynupJercs co6creeHHbrMrd cnJrereHurMr4 )KerryAKa, ropMoHaM14 (racrpuH), aKTHBHpyerct
6nyxaaroutuM HepBoM H yrHeraercr arponr4HoM

O3fl. c. 107 <PasnpaxeHue. Aocara. cne[rxa. o3a6o.reHHocrb H r.rcrryf npenercrByrcT HopManbHoMy nur{eBapeHr{}o,
ra6o rcoraa opraHlisrr,t'*cnbrrbrBaer nepeHanprx(eHne, a )KH3HeHHbte crnir roaiouteHbt, oH He Moxcer Bbipa6orarr
nosrouv r*oA'M' HaxoAnu{H,urcn BTaKoM AvrrreBHoM cocro'Hu,, He
;::ft:xff;;:ffffiT#,i:lxffi:;ra.
CL\Z, c.530 <(DusH.{ecKHe ynpaxneHufl cnoco6crryror rarcKe npaBnnbHoMy nuulerapenuro. OqeHr rroJre3Ho errftru
Ha nporynKy
r nocJle eAbI H HeMHOTO nOABHfarbCX;tF.pacnpaBr{B frJrer{v H Aepxa to.floBy
t:.:- npgMo)).

O3fI, c. 339 <Oct0sre npnnpasbi BpeAHbr caMH rro cedb. fopvlrqa,'nepeq. lrapnna4sl,'coneHbr ra apyrxe uoAo6slle
npolyKTbr Bbr3brBaloT pa3lpaxeHr4e xenyAKa, pa3fopflqarcT H oTpaBnsloT KpoBb)).

36
 MMlIl,(FIAIII AOM, QI43I4O ilOn4fr qE/IOBEKA
o3fl, c. 341 <ocrpue-,rtpt4npaBbt BHaqa.i'ie pa3ApaKarcT BHyrpeHHHe creHKr4 )Ke,.ryrKa H pe3ynbrare
E Hapyuaior
ecrecrBeHHylo t{yBcrBl4TerbHocrl' :roii rosxofi o6o.;roqnu. Kpoer craHoBr4Tcr pa3[oBrqq]{Hoil,
npooyx;arorct
HH3MeHHble x(eJIaHI4fl, a HpaBcrBeHHbIe H yMcrBeHHble CHJILI oc,ra6enarcr, H qeJIoBeK
craHoBHTcx pa6o;ia cBoHX
crpacrefr. Mareprivr cneAyer HayqHTbct KopMHTb cBor ceMbH npocrofi, Ho nnTarerrbaofi
nuu1efi>.

o3fl' c' 344 <He ynorpe6rirftTe MHofo conu; uzlerafire ynorpe6renur coleHnfi, Mapr4HaAoB u nprHofr
rrHUrH; eilbre
s 6o'qbuotut KoJ'iHr{ecrBe eBe)KHe $pymrr,.f rorAa pa3ApffKeHl{e nHu{eBapHTeJrbHbIX
opfaHoB, BLr3blBa}ouee raKoe
6o:rtuoe xeraHae nrr, ,o ,oa"o'Jo",, B 3HarlHTersHoil creneHH yMeHbrrlt4Tcs)).

CU, c' 530 <tftacrslfi eo3ryx oco6euHo Heo6xo4l.nr, xorAa:a6oreeaer KaKofi-,rra6o anyrp
enutritopraH. HanpgMep,
IerKue HnIz )KetlyAox' 6laro4apr yMepeHHLiM ynpaxffieHugM KpoBb 6yger npunuBarr,
K nou"prnoatg Kox(H, ocra1nss
TaKHM o6pasola Hafpy3Ky Ha noBpexreHHufi opraH. 3Hepruuusre,
Ho He qpe3MepHo HHrcHu{BHbre ynp3;KHeHH, Ha
cBexeM Bo3.4yxe' BLIllorHeHHbIe B paAocrHoM pacnonoi<eHI4I4Ayxa, 6ygyr
cnoco6cteoearb [paBgnbHoMy
rponoo6paqeHl'IK! H 3AopoBoMy lrBery Ko)Kn. Kpoar, o6oraqenHa.{ KnciropoAou,
6yger nprurgBarb K KoHer{HocrqM).

5.Tosnufi KllureqHrK.
Crpyrrypa:
. AJraHa oKono 4 v npn )KI43HI,r u 6_g,na nocJre cMeprr,r;
c cocror4T a: cepo:Hofr, lasrueuuofi u cla:ncrofi o6olouer;
' Toulat ll ItoIB3IouH4t K!{nKa Kpenl4Tcq c noMol{blo 6puNeilxn (seepoo6pa:Har
crpyKrypa n: 2-x c;roen
6pronrunsl); I 2-nepcrnar KH[rKa ilpaKTuqecKr,r HenoIBHXHa;
. qACTI'IKI4IIICI{HI,{KA:
./ ABeHaAIIarI4rIepcrHas KHruKa.
\/ Toulat KHurKa,
r' rroAB3AorrrHarr KlIruKa.
(DvHrunrz:
c nepeMerrHBaHHe xHMyca c ceKperaMr,l nor)KenyAoriHofi xere:sr, neqeHr.r l,t c,qpts i.{cro fi KHul er{ HI,IKa:
s nepeBapvrBaH%e nuqu;
o BcacblBaHHe Borbl' MHHepaJIbHbtx coleft, npoAyKroB nepeBapHBaHHfi rIHrrIH B KpOBb;
. TpaHcnopT xuMyca g rorcrslri Kr4rrreqHr4K;
. ceKpeuHt fopMoHOB;
o I{MMyHOtIOfHqecKat3aII{uTa.
C,rn:rcras o6oloqrca:
o coAepNfl4T )Kere3bl, BbIAeJItrouIHe tqelovHofi con (HefirpalH3aw4fl Kucrtofi cpeAbl xuMyca, aKTrzBaqgt
$epnaeuroe Anr nnuleBapeHur)l
o l4Meer c*naAqarylo noBepxHocrb' Ha noBepxHocrll crulaAoK ecrL
BopcHHKH
ecrb pa:bern:reuHar ce*r KpoBeHocHbIX cocyAoB, Koropbre BcacbrBaar
- niurbueBr4AH6re Bbrpocrbr, B HHX
rrpocrbre caxapa H aMnHoKgcJrorbr, a
TarcKe luu$arnvecKl'Ie cocyAbl (ulevurte cocyArt), BcacrrBarourr4e x(xpHbre n""not"r;
coceAHge Bopcr4HKH
-plilli_ yr.'ry6reHu.rMH; BcacbrBaHhe npoHcxoAr4r npeHMyu{ecrBeHHo
u.f,*r".ffirno*,
l1t::j:::: - B KpHnTaX;
a ceKpeun{ l
Hu

r KpoBb or KI4[Ier{HHra (xan pl or Bcero nniqeBapllreJrbHoro rparra) HarrpaBJrrercfl r{epe3 BoporHyro BeHy K
nerleHl4, tAe oHa or{I4qaeTcrl oT TOKCr4l.tHt,tx BeulecTB:
rlacrb [HTare,rrbHbrx BeuecrB 3anacaerct qacr6 nocrynaer e o6uHfr KpoBoroK;
B ner{eHH, a
O KAXAA' BOPCHHKA ilOKPbITA CJIOEM 3NLITCJIHAJIbHbIX KJiCTOK (SrrrCPOqN'OS);
Ha IIoBepxHocrI'{ 3rrrepoqllroB ecrb M}IKpoBopcHnxu (650-3500
' ua o4uy x-nerry), Keropbre o6pa:yror
ueror{Hy}o KaeMKy Arlfl 3HTepoul4ToB, HX tlJlorHocrb 6ontrue B Har{aJlbHllx otqanu* KHrIJeqHuKa
H MeHbue K
KOHIry;
i
MHKpoBopcHHKH rIoKpbITbI BoJIoKHHcTbIM cJIoeM - rJruKoKaJrnxcou (cercperHpyercfl SHTepolli{Tauu),
' KoropoM npl4cyrcrBylor nHIleBapHTerbHble
e
$eprraeHrtl; B ocHoBaHHrz 3Toro cro.a :ru $epnaeHrbr BcrpoeHbi B

' [oKpbIT cJIoeM BoIbI, Koropstft }Ie cMblBaerct, oH npenrrcrByer

rJIHK0KaJIHKC
npoxo]I(qeHrrlo
xHpopacrBopHMblx BeIIIe CTB l'l novoraer BcacbrBaHHlO BOAOpacrBo
prt ;
uzrcpoBopcl4HKl4 ecrb aKtHH &rrx aKrHBHoro coKparqeH "r* "*rrlaaru
vs v t43MeHeH,Lrs Sopvrr BopcprHKr4;
: :"Yll_" ""x4oft
CK''IaAKH, Bopcl4HKH 14 Mi4KpoBopcLIHKH 3HaqHTeJIbHo yBenr{qr,rBa}or
:

' BcacblBamrqy}o noBepxHocrs c;rplgucroir

OOOJIOqKH-

a4
JI
 MMlil (HAIU {OMl> Q.VrcV}l\Ofl4'fl HEIOBEKA
I[s LrxeF{r4q ro Hro ro rcr4rx eqHH rca:
I ' nponynbchBHbte ABh)KeHHs Harou]aK * ABHx(eHHt, cnoco6crsyrcu1ue nporBH)KeHr4Io xr4Myca; ilpr{er{ nhrrry
npepbIBaer3THIBI4XeHI,Ifl; ,,. ,,r ,,it iii.,:,:. ..
,,.:
2. HenponynbcnBHbte nept4cranbrlrqecKl4e ABHIKeHHT B nauleBaphrenbHyro,Sa:v
- aq"*grr1,. enoco6c"rayrcutae
3. i;ffffi.-#:ff.#ffit"pMoH BLIntHnuuuH) - cnoco6*nyer nepeMeru n,rqh,
onopoNCHeHI4Io MrerlHofo nporoKa; uau6orrurarl ^nKr{rrrKe.
^,ru
HX aKTI4BHocrb B 12-nepcrHofi ^i!6-rr,ru""lo
BcacsrgaHue nntarerr,Hrlx seue cre :
@opvra 3HTepoIrHToB I,I MelKKJIeror{Horo npocrpaHcrsa rasl{eH-fleicr B 3aBLrcHMocru or rax $yHrquoHairbHofo
COCTO'IHHfl.
lfpuuep: l. xelyAorc nycr - 3HTepoqrrrbr nJrorHo npuMbrKaror Apyr Ko Apyry
2. npoqecc BcacbIBaHI4t - o6tena 3HTeporrl4ToB yMeHbrxaercs, a fipocBer Mexry ru.rMl4 yBernqnBaercr H B Hefo
nocrynaer xuAKocrb c pacrBopeHHbIMH B Hefi ullneparbHrrMn coJrrMH, ,qaJree 3Tor pacrBop nocryilaer B KarrurrJrrpbr
r4:rnuQaruuecKue cocyAbt.
. ,.., .,. :

llyrn rpancnopra:
flaccunxtlfi TpaHcnopT. TpaHcnopr nHTareJIbHbIX BerrlecTB nor{Ttr sa90Yo ocyqecrelneTcf He qepe3 3HTepor{HTbr,
a qepe3 Me)IffJleror{Hble npocrpaHcrBa. Tan npoHunaror BeluecrBa pa3MepoM MeHee 0,8 nu, Ho s 6oJree Hr,{3Kr,rx
.. orAenax KHIxer{HI4Ka pa3Mep 3THX rrop yMeHbrrlaercr (roqar 0,75 HM. noAB3EorrIHar 0,3-0,5 ur,t,ro,ncrax 0,22-
- -
0,25 un,r). BoguoxeH naccusHtrfi TpaHcnopr H rrepe3 3HTepoqllrbr.
Boga res4e BcacliBaercq H ceKperr.{pyercfl rryreM rraccuBHoro rpaHcnopra. 3a cyrxn qepe3 ToHKHfi xurueqHr.lx
npoxoAl4Torono9nxH,[KocrH:Znns KpoBr,r u7 nc nnrqeBapr{TeJ,rlHbrMr4 coKaMr,r. ll:sroro KoJlaqecrBaBo
BHeuHloto cpeAy BbrAenf,ercr Bcero 1% (100 nrn).
AKrusHslfi TpaHcuopr - npouecc BcacbrBanarr rrepe3 3ilHTeJiprzurrHsre KJrerKt{, u.{er c sarparoii 3Hepflrn H
ocyqecrBrflerct c yqacri.teM riepeHocqnKa. 3ror npoqecc HAer MeAneHHee" TaK KaK BeulecrBo npeoAoneBaer prA
: 6apbepoB (urrorura:uarhqecKyto uev6pany, qizTorrJra3My u r,reu6paHy Me)KKrerorrHolo [pocrpaHcrna).
,{nx unorux BeIIIecrB xapaKTepeH c;tteixarislrfi Br{A TpaHcnopra - ecJrr4 r,rx KoHrleHTparrprs B npocBere Kr.{[reqHHKa
Hi{3Kag, To 3a cqer aI(tHBHOl-O TpaHcilOpra, a ecJIH BtlcoKag, To 3a cqer rIaccLIBHoro.
flunoq*rros MexaHH3M nornoureHx.rr, KorAa KJreror{Hat naela6paHa oKpy)fiaer BerqecrBo c o6pasonanueM M€ueHbKoro
-
Iry3blpbKa. 3ror ny:upeK nofpy)Kaercrl B xJrerKy H Marpnpyer n 6a:a,rrnoft rrleu6paue, rAe yAanrercx ns xlerxlr. Tar
rpaHc noprtrpylorcr oqes s bonsur He Mon e Kynbr.

l) fiaenaqqarurrepcrrras KHrrrKa.
. noAlroBoq6pa:uar, oru6aer rcnoBKy noAxeryAor{aoft xelegrr, AJIt{Ha 25 cw;
r MecTo caMofo aKTuBHofo nHrqeBapeHl4s;
. ee cJlr43'rcrar Bbrnenrer nnrleBaphreJlbHbte Qepnaeursr;
B Hee orKpblBalorcg o6qnu nporoKoM nporoK )KerqHofo rry3brpr H nporoK floA)KeryAoqHoft
' xere3rr,
Hecyque rII4IrIeBapLITerbHbre $epueHrrr neqeHu fi noA)KenyAoquoft . , xere3Lr. .
Xtelqs 3Mynbrupyer xil{pbl - npeBpalqaer xtlap B Bo.qHyro cycneH3rrro, qro ilo3Borrrer pacillenr4Tr ero $epuemanr
noAxenyloqnofrxele:br. r. ,: . ,,
flaH npe arHqe c rnfi co rc c oAep)Kr4T $e pueuru, pac qe nir f, rorrlr4e :

. 6elrcu (nporea:ur -rplrncuu) Ao nenruAoB H aMnHoKucnor,

. xr{pbr (:rnnasrr) Ao )ro.rpHbrx Kr.lcnor, MoHornHr{epHAoB tr maqepnua,: '
. . KpaxMa:r (a*rrz-rra-:sr),go MaJrbro3sr (Aucaxapu4), ' :

' ,1 r :. a:TaKlKe coAepxur [reror{Hbre BerrlecrBa (6uxap6ouar), Hefirpa,ru3yrorrHe Kucny}o cpeAy xr4Myca,
nocTynarcqero u: xeny4na. :',
,r ,, .,- .: ', .

@aSSt Cel.peunn nagKpeafnqeC COrca: : ..: : :ri:, iiir:i ,

1) 6azarruas, ceKpeuuJr (2-lA% or MaKcnManbHoil ceKpeqnu); 't'' ,

2)qe$a$HitecKal $a:a -'mrtcrlt o ege, 3ByKr,r H r.g.,(6fir€p6ouar 10.15%, a
SepnreurtstZ1Vi'br'
naaxcurvryua); . '

3) xenyAoqHafl Sasa - rpn flocrynneHua nnrr1n B xenyAoK (erqe 6onsure);

4) KHIIIeTIHaI Sasa - npu nocryrrJleHupr xuMyca e 12-nepcrnylo KHrrrKy (rraarccunryna).

38
 MMru (HAIII AOM, sk13141,/lofl,lfi tlE"rlOBEKA
KiarueqHsrft cox pac[denrxer:
. nenTlllbl AO aMI{HOKI4CIO!
:' . caxapo3y Ao rnroKo3br u spyxro:tr, :: :.'
o ,taXTO3Y lfO lJItOKO3bl A ra,raXrOlli,
' . ManbTo3y Ao rrrfoKo3br

2) Toqar KHrrrKa.
. MecTo Han60lee HHTeHcHBHoro BcacbrBaHvfl. nuTaTeilbHbtx BeiileorB:
. nau6o,rsulee KonHLIecrBo BopcHHoK.
3) flogn:goruHaff KurlrKa.
r 4luHa 3.5 u;
. TIPAKTI4qECKIZ 3ABCPIUACTCS IIPOUCCC BCACbIBAHH' NI,ITATC'IbHbIX BCUIECTB,

fIo[xe,rynoq nas xe.rre: a.

" uacca 1 10 r
t BbrAeIfleT l,) n ceKpeTa B cyTKr4;
C 3TO 3HAOKpHHHafl X(eJre3a - BbipaoaTbiaaeT rrHcynnH- rJrioKsroH. .r
a 3TO 3K3OKpHHHaq .x(ere3A * Arrpa6ar.rrBaeT IraHKpeaTpIr{ecKHu c oK;
O1 pacnono)KeHa nonepeK repxHefi vacrn 6proiuHofi nolocrlr;.
t qacTI4:
,/ roJroBKa (oru6aercn l2-nepeluofi rnumofi), l

./ TeJlo,
\/ xBocr;
crpyKrypHaq eAHHHua - aLIHHyc (aonlre) - 3To cKonJ'IeHHe BbrIeJIflrorrlr4x ceKper ic'leroK BoKpyr cJ.reno[o
KoHI{a MarleHbKoro fiporoKa: Ilporoxu AoneK coeAl{Hrrorce Me).'(Ay co6ofi ra o6pa:yrcr rnaBHr,rfi nporoK,
uEyqufr no rleHrpy noAxeny1oqHoil xe-rre3br:
cpeAH AoneK ecTr, cKoilJreHHri 3HAoKpEHHr,rX KJTeTOK - OCTpOBKH llaHrepranca.

Pe ryrsqur grer rHo crn noAxeJIJ/Ao.{Hofi xeJie:tr

Ae :

. fopMoHutrbHar:
./ ceKperr,rH (crnmynnpyer BbrAeneHne 6nrap6ouara, BoAbr ll i.louoe),
./ xoneLu4croKl.rHaH (cruuy,rfi pyer BbrAereHue $epveHroB) ;
. HepBHas peryilqllu-{ - 6:ryNaamqraii riepn (ueguarop arleruJrxonuH) amaerapyer BbrAeneHne $epveHroe.

fleqeHu.
,/ cauuft rcpynHrrft opfaH reJra, nec 1,36-1,81 rcr;
'/ pacnono)KeHa HeilocpeAcrBeHHo no4 pra$paruoft cnpaea H 3arqntr1eHa pe6paun, Ho He Br,rcryrraer H3-rroA
HHX;
./ crpyKTypHbre K,qerKn -
fenaroqHTr,I, Koropbre BbrAerff lor.)Kerqb;
'/ SyHnquoHanbHas eApIHpIqa u3 renarouuToB -
neqeHoqHafi Aoi-rbKa, oKpyxeHa )KerqHbrMr{ KaHaJrbrIaMpI,,. :

BerBrrMH noporHoft BeHbr lr neqeHoqHofi aprepvv

./ r{acrpl cocroqurue H3 AoJIeK: : j , :

. ICBA'I AOJlg,
. npaBat Aong - oonruras qacTb;
'/ B XKT) H neqe.Hor{Hofi aprepnn (nposr, HactrqeHHat
Aontx neqeHl4 BerBI4 BoporHofi senrr (nponr or
KHcnopoloM) nepeAalor nurareJlbHble BelrlecrBa n 6oraryro xncJropoAoM KpoBb cnlrycor.rAHbrM KangJr3rfipaM
(aHaloru KpoBeHocHblx), oxpyxaroulprM rerraroqnru. lenaroqr,rrbr a6cop6Hpyror ra o6pa6arbrBaror Hx,
chHTe3t4pylor HoB[,Ie Beil]ecrBa n Bo3Bpaqa[or cHoBa B cHHycoHAHbre KanuJrJrffpbr nuyfiaonrKoBar BeHa
neuerSnar eeHa nuxnxcllax BeHa npaBbre o1$nsr cepAr{a;
llpo4yrcrtl o6ueHa ocralorcfl B xeJrqHbrx xauanbrlax. :

'/ renarounTbl Bbta.enrlor xeJlr{b npocrpancrBax Nenrc}e

B )KerqHbre Ka}IaJrlqbr B MexAon},KoBtx nporoKl4
xe:rqurtfit{pIprHneqeHoqHI,tfinporoxo6rIufixe:ruurg$nporonl2-nepcrHaxKilIIJc+
MeNay npHeMaMI4 ilHUIIz )Kerr{b HaKanJlrzBaercs B )Kejr:lHoM ny3brpe.

39
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40
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41
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42
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noJry/r{.izrcf, 6e: cognt, Ho 3To :a6,ryxgenl.re. Ec:ru 6rr ourE B3{JrH Ha ce6r rpyA HayqHTbcfl neqb no-Apyrolry, ux xle6
6u,r 6u 6oiree no,re:lHbiM,'nr4TareJIbHLri\,L14 nuel 6u ecrecrBeHHbrfi arcyc, r. e. 6sn 6lt 6oree KarrecrBeHHbrM)).

O3lI, c.345 <Ca,rartt, 3anpaBneHHble pacruTenbHbrM MacJroM c yKcycoM, Bbr36rBaror B )KenyAKe 6poxeHre. Ilurqa upra
3ToM He llepeBapuBaeTcfi, a pa3nafaeTct, rHueT. B nrore KpoBb, He noJTyqat neo6xo4nmux [r,rTaTei]bilbrK BeulecTB,
Hacblulaercq npoAyKTaMH pacilana, ia SyHrcqnoHHpoBaHHe raKHX BDr(Hbrx opraHoB, r(aK ner{eHb H fror{KH,
3aTpynHqeTcr)).

8) Kyruaftre B oAHo u ro lxe BpeMff H He rrepemycunafire.

O3fI, c.179 <<Hu B KoeM cryqae HeJIt3n ITpHHI{MarL nuqy KorAa B3AyMaercs. EcrH srr noo6egallr Ha rrac HjrH Ha ABa
paHbue onp€AeneHHofo BpeMeHH, To 3Ha[re, qTo xenyAoK, He ycneB nepeBapurb npeAbrAyu{yio noputilo, He foToB
npl{HflTb HoBoe 6peur, u6o }le HMeer eIIIe Aocrarounofr eHepruu Anfl nepepa6orrur nonofi nopqutr trarrlu. Taxuur
obpason,t. nepeHanprraercfi Becb opraHn3M.
Helr:s raKlKe orKlaAI'IBarb [pI4eM [I,rIqH Ha .lrac r !rr4 ABa, noAcrpar4Baflcb noA o[peAeneHHr,re o6croqrerlcrBa HJIH,
Aonycrl,tM, )KeJIaf, 3aKoHrrr4TL 4o o6e4a orrpeAeneHHrfi o6telr pa6ortr, noroMy rrro )KeJTyIoK rpe6yer nHuIH B Te r.racbr,
B KaKpIe oH TIpHBbIK llonyr{arl ee. Kor4a o6eg oTx-ua4blBaercr, )KH3HeHHarI 3Hepfur optaHH3Ma cHH)Kaerc{, floKa
HutKoHeq He I4crouaercq Ao raxofi cteneHlz, r{To nponaAaer scqxufi anrrerHT. Eclu npuHuMarb ilr,uqy B TaKoM
cocrotrHHl'I, x(enyAoK He B crf'Jlax 6yAer AolxHt'm o6pa:ou uepepa6oram ee. 14 TorAa nHUIa yx(e He cMoxer
nocnyxlrrb o6pa:oeaHnlo xopouefi , :goponofi KpoBr{.
Ecln 6u Bce-JlloAli enl,t B crpofo onpeAeneHHoe BpeMr rr Hr,rqefo He nepeKycbroaJru B npoMex(yrKax MexAy npgeMaMr4
nI{IrlH, To oHH oxorHo caliKnvab 6lt:a c'roJt, nofiyqas yAoBonLcrBHe or nurr{H, Koropar Bo3HarpaAlm HX 3a cepbe3Hoe
r uefi orgourenne.
PerylxpHocrb B nHTaHI4I4 LIMeer x(r{3HeHHo Bax(Hoe 3Har{eHHe. IlpnHuuarr mau1y cneAyer B oAHo H To xe BpeMt.
Kor4a Hacrynaer 3To BpeMfl, qenoBeK Ao:lrKeH c6ecrb croJrbKo, cKo.r-rbKo rpe6yercr ero opraHu3My, pr 3areM He ecrb
HI,Iqero - a6conrorgo HI,Iqero - Ao cneAyloulero npneMa nurrln. Ho nHorne nroAu eArr KorAa rlonaJro, ,qax(e rorAa,
KOfAa HX OpraHH3M COBeplUeHHO He HyXAaeTCfl B 3TOM, qepe3 HepaBHbte HHTepBirnbr Mextry I]pHeMaMH nHUIt{,
rloroMy qro y HHX He xBaraer cI4iIbI BOJIH conporHBJrrrrcs 3rofr spe4Hoft npHsruxe. llyreurecreyfl? MHorHe )rryIor
Bcto Aopory, ecJII{ y HI4x npHnaceuo qro-Hu6ygs ctego6Hoe. 3ro oqeHb BpeAHo. Eclu 6sr Haxo4luluecs B
Aopore B
crpofo onpeAeneHHoe BpeMfi npHHHMaJIH rlpocrylo. nHTarenbHyrc nHrlly, oHH He HcnbrrbrBaJlH 6rt raxoro cl4rrbHoro
qyBcrBa ycranocru 14 He crpala-qll 6sr rax cltrbHo or cira6ocrn.
Heo6xo4nlrao rlrrarenbHo co6lrc4ars peryntpHocrb B nfiTaHHH. Hnqero He cireAyer ecrb Mex4y npHeMaM14 n,rqn
HHKaKHX claAocrefi, opexoB, $pyrros
-
- coBepuleHHo HHr{ero. HeperylrpHoe nwraHue Hapyuaer uopnaalsHrfi purira
paSorsl opraHoB nl'{lrleBapeHufl, HaHocl;tr 6olrurofr yrrep6 3AopoBb}o H nJroxo,Brnser Ha HacrpoeHHe. Bor noveirajr;
KoUa AerH caAtrcs 3a croJl, 3.4opoBat nxula Kaxercq r.rM HeBKycHoft, fi oHI4 npoctr roro, r{To BpeAHo
Inr Hqx)).

+.5
 M MIII ( HAIII t{
AO M>,@ I43I4OIIOfVlfr E/l 0 B E KA
9) {eaafire nepepr,rB MexAy rrpr{euaun nraullli,no mpaftrreil mepe, 5 qacoB. ' "', ' i.

O3fl, c. I74 <[Ioc,re Kax4oro npueMa,nuurr4 nuiueBapure:rr,Hrie opraHbr HyxgarcTcr B orAbrxe. l4rt.t.epeal vexgy'
npHeMaN{H nplqu'fioi-lxeH cocraerirs ne ilrenee nflTlrrt+tllecrr,r vacori; u 6olrurnucrbo -lro4efi, Koropbre ncnmarctSto
Ha ce6e, y6egnrca; qro:ecrr ABax,4bl B AeHb nausot-'ol noite3Hee, rpu pa3D). !l
'teM
'! i:

10) Xoporuo ranrpaxaftre. Ecln BbI ylx[Haere, To :ror npueii,r nuurl AoirxeH 6rrrr oqeur, JrerKr{M, ,termo
nepeBaprrBaeMbrM *t za Z-3.racd Ao-orxoAa Ko cny-
ji :

O3lI, c. 1 73 <flo 3aBeAeHHoMy e o6qecrae o6sr.ra{o'no yTpaM nprarif'r lerrcuft :aripbr: Hir raxoft o6rrqail lie
tBJltercrl HaHnyquJHM'&1t xenyAKa. Bo npeur 3aBTpaKa )KeiryAoK 6o:ree pacnonoxeA'r npHeMy 6olrurero
KortHqecrBa nHlqr4, He)I(eJIH B Ter{eHHe AHs. O6uqaft yrpoM 3aBTpaKarb JrcrKo, a BeqepoM ecrb MHoro, BpeAeH, gro
HenpaeHnrHb. C4elafire tax, .tro6sl Bo BpeMt ianrparca cbeAarb HeMHoro 6onture no cpaBHeHnro c ApyrHMH
tIpHeMaMH nraluH)).

O3fI, c.173 <llo:lnuft yxuH oco6euHo BpeAeH 4nr mo4eft, BeAyqHX cuilx'ruir o6pa: Nu:Hu. He4oivlorauun,
Bbl3BaHHbIe:iofi npunstvrofi, uacto flBJItrIorct HaqaJoM 6olelun, oraH'rnralou-1eftcn cnaeprs*rl '
,, ,
O3lI, c.1 76 <ffpueuuKa ecrb rolbKo ABa pa3a B AeHb, KaK npaBuno. npuHocr4r nonb3y 34opoBblo, oxHaKo npu
onpeAeneHHslx o6croqrenbcrBax HeKoropbrM JrronsM Mox(er norpe6osarrcq [oecrb n rperufi pas.'Ho B TaKoM cnyqae
nI4IrIa Aonxffia Surs nerKoycBoseuoft pt ee lryllttro HeMHofo. ToHxoe nerreHbe (aHr,rnftcxrzft rpeirep) ra,rla'cyxapn,
$pyxrsl unu xoSe u3 3JraKoB - iloAxog{rqee MeHro Ans yx{.rHa.
...f[ycrr Hr,rKro He cquTaer ce6.s era,roHoM Arq oKppr(a]oqux - MoJl, Bce AonxHbr nocrynarb raK? KaK oH)).

11) IIe nepeeAafire; 3To rlpl{ryrrser MbrrrrJreHue, rpoBorlnpyer 6rrc'rpyro yroMJrqeMocrb r{ pa3Bnrue
6o.re:nefi , yKopaqH Baer )I(H3Hb.
O3li, c. 102 <fperuHo ecrb r{pe3MepHo MHoro, Aax(e ecnu riuura xopomefo Kar{ecrBa. MHorne nor{eMy-To A/Ma}or, qro
ecJIH oHH He eArT Mtca H ApyrHX BpeAHbrx trpoAyxToB, To MoryT nornoularb crorbKo npocrofi nHU{n? cKoJrbKo B
cocro{HIzH BMecrlrrb HX x(e",ryAoK. 3ro oruu6xa. l1o:rouy MHorr{e rax HasbreaeMbre cropoHHurcu carii.r'rapHofi
pe$opnlsr HI4r{eM He orJll{qarcTcr or o6Nop. OHH so:nara}or raKoe 6penar Ha cBolr opraHr,r nuulegapeHlrs, rrro BecL
opraHLI3M pl3HeMoraer, nbiratcb u:6asarrcq or Hefo. Kpoue roro, Bce 3To rroAaBJller yMcrBeHnyro AerrreJrhHocrb.
H6o e raxol4 cnyqae HepBHLIM ]L[erKaM Mo3fa npr4xoEvrrcs oKa3brBarb rroMorrlb ]KeryAKy B nepeBapl{BaHupr ugluruHefi
[pocry]o H 3AopoByro nuu{y, nprryrrJrfler qyBcrBprrenbHocrb Mo3ra
npIUII4. flepeegaune, Aalme ecJIH BbI eAHTe caMyro
14cHHXaer ero )KlsHecnoco6nocrr. llepee4aHue [pur{HHrer rcpa3Ao 6o;rrrue BpeAa opruHn3My, He}I(eJIa upesnaepnntil
rpya. 3irepru;I Mo3ra Ky{a 6rtcrpee r4croulaercr or HeyMepeHHoro nrmaHrafi, qeM or rqxeroro rpyAai).

l2) Emure MeAJreHEro H TrrlareJrbno rrepexeBr,laaftre.

O3lI, 107 <<Ecrl Hacrex, [prir{eM oAHoBpeMeHHo pa3Hbre BHAbr nr,rrr{H, - sro 6olrruaq o1llu6xa.
c.
Eruure MeAneHHo H Trrlarenr,Ho nepexeBbrBairre nnqy
.ftr roro 'Iro6rt npoqecc nntrleBapeHnfl nporeKan npaBHJrLHo, rrr4ula AonxHa 6rnr rularenbHo nepexeBaHa. 06 srola
Bcerya 6yAer no:vtunrb ror, Kro He xeflaer crpaAarb paccrpoftcreoM nurr{eBap eHrrl., vrol Kfo oco3Haer cBoro
o6q:aHuocrb coAepxarb H TeJIo, H pa3yM B TaKoM cocroqHult, Koropoe no3BoJr?rr eMy Hallrryqruuu o6pa:oM cJry)rozTb
Eory. fiaxe ecJlH y Bac MaJIo BpeMeHH AJII eAbr, He nrrraiirecb rJrorarb, He pa3)r(eBbrBas; nyque cbecrb MeHbure, Ho
florsga, noflyqaeMas or nHIIrH, He raK c]rJrbHo 3aBHcI4T or cr,eAeHHoro
MeAJIeHHo I{ TIIIareJIbHo nepex(eBblnas.
KOrHqecTBa, cKoJIbKo OT TOrO, KaK OHa nepeBapl4Tcg B )I(e.ny.AKe; HacbtuleHHe He croitbKo 3aBHcnT oT Toro, cKoIbKo BbI
ilpornoTHJII{, KaK OT TOrO, CKOJIbKO BpeMeHH nI,rUIa HaXOAI.IJIaC6 BO pTy).

13) fleftre Mrroro BoAbr, Ho rre Bo BpeMfl eAbr.

:

O3lI, c.106 <MHorne coBeplxalor rpy6yro ouur6na, KorAa Bo BpeMr npr4eMa nntr1lr [bror xonoAHyro nory. fluqa ue
,4olIlKHa cMe[IaBarbcx c no4ofi, u6o sro coKpaulaer BbI.qeJIeHHe cJr]oHbr. tr4 qev xoJroAHee BoAa, reu 6oJrtule crpaAaer
)KenyAoK. JleA.suar BoAa HnH JIHMoHaA co JrbAoM, Bbrnrarbre Bo BpeMs eAbr, 3aAep)KlrBalor nrzrr{eBapeHl,re Ao rex nop,
noKa opmHu3M He BbIAeJIur AocraroqHo renJla B )KeJryAoK, Anq roro .{ro6rt BHoBb Haualcn npoqecc nepeBapltBaHur)).

CI'I, c.305 <(Darcrnqecnl{, qeM Golrure xuAKocrr4 Bbrnuro Bo BpeMr e,qbr, TeM TpyAHee x(enyAKy nepeBapurb null\y,
tloroMy qro )I(HAKOCTb AOJIXHa BCOCaTbCt B CTeHKH )KenyAKa Ilpexfle, qeM MO)r(eT Haqarbct npouecc nHIrIeBapeHHrr.
He ynorpe6nqfire I\4Horo conn, n:6erafire coleunft u npnHocrefi, s uso6unwuerubre
$pyrrsr, r4 TorAa pa3ApaxeHue
IIHuIeBapI4TenruoftcHqTeMbI'BbI3I,IBaIoil{eeoco6ocpilIbHoe:RenaHpIenHTb3aeAoft,sanaer1oocna6lleilt..

44
 MMIItr (HAru AOM, OI43I4OilOfLlfr tiE/IOBEKA
14) Corepruafire xoporxyrc nporyJ'rKy nocJ-re KaxAoro rrpueua [r{trln.
O3fT, c. 104 <Ho KoporKas qeJoBeK
., l
flpory]Ka rrocre e,]br, HIer c BbrcoKo noAuoroi l,o,,.roBofr, pacnpaBuB nney,r4r,
Kor-Aa
HirH )Ke Apyrce tlerKoe 3aHftTve npnHoc.qr 6o;-rruryro [onb3y. loroea orAbrxaer, co3epuar Kpacorr,t nplrpo4u.t.. t{ev,.
vegrue BHI4MaHVr Mbl ylenteM xeny4Ky, TeN4 nyqule. E,c;u't sac 6yger rayunrrr nocrorHHblfi ctpax, qiro, Kax1oe
ctetreHHoe 6nrcro npnHecer BaM Bpe/f,, To B pe3y-rr6Tare raK u norryqvrcfl. 3a6y4ure o cBot4x Henpr4srHocrrx H
oropqeHnrx. a 4yvafire ronbKo o cBerJloM H paAocrHoM)).

l5) Ilnrua AoJ-rniHa 6r,rrs ren;ro fr, a ue I opnrefi n.lu xonogHofi.

CI4, c.305 <E4y He cneAyer ynorpe6lrrb oqeHb ropruefi Hr'rpl oq'eHL xo:ro4nofi. Ec,rn nurqa xojTorHafl, op1-aHbl
nnlr{eBapeHl{fl TpaTsT 2nnbrHa ee pa3orpeB, TOJIbKO nOCJre 3TO|O HaqHHaeTct npoqecc ycBoeHHt, I-[o roil )Ke npHqI4He
BpeAHbI xonoAHble Hanr4TKvt, go tz o6u"ilsgoe ynorpe6,reHpre fopflqHx HankrKoB TaruKe oc,ra6:r.fier )KejryAoK),

!,eroxclucauur
TorcuH -,rn6oe BeulecrBo. HaHocruee epeA $yuKutroHHpoBaHHrc rcrreroK t4JtH noBpex4alouee crpyKTypbl.
Bn,lu roKcIIrrecKHx Beulecrs :
l. Trxelue MeraJIJIbt - aKKyMynupylorcr Mo3foM, noqKaMH, nl.ruyuHoft cucrevnoii.
(-urulnrovsl orpaBneHl,tfl: toJloBHafl 6o,rs, lrslurevuar 6o,ls, HecBapeHI4e,
TpeMop, 3anop, 6,re4uocrr,, ToiuHora.
Ha py rueH fi e KoopAHHauH H H KOHUe HT
pau4u BHHMaHr4fl .

2.
XHr,ra.recxfie roKcHHbr.
cuunronul: AenpeccHr, foJ.roBHaq 6o,rr, HapyueHHe MbrIIJIeHHfl. napecre3u14. HapyureHhe peQneKcoB, HapyuleHur co
cropcHbl AbrxaretrbHofr cacreuurr, onyxoJir.r.
3. Murpo6Hue roKcnHbr.
cmvnrouu: BocrilneHHe neqeHH" cHHnpoM pa3ApaxeHHoro Ku,,reqH]4Ka. naHKpe arnr- acr^a)uMMyHHbre paccrpocrBa.
ayror4MyHHbre sa6otiesauus.
4- flo6oqHrte npo4yKTbt pacilala 6e:rrcoe - u:6rrrorc Mo.iesofr KucJlorbr [1 aMMHaKa.
5. flo6oqutre npo4yKrbr pacnaaa xr4poB.

fi eroxcxlrlupyrcilIHe opraHbt :
l) non u,
2) cJt\rlvrcrafl o6.oloqxa KHrueqHlJKa,
3) fleqeHb,
4) rroqKr4.
B :rltx
opraHax fipoxoAHr npouecc cocrotulrfi H3 nByx
Sa: (1. trl) npeo6pa:oBaHufl roKcHHoB e 6oree
BoAopacrBopHMble BelqecrBa, Koropble Jlefqe BbtBoAflTct H3 opraHl43Ma.

@a:a [: Hefirpa,rN:allltt flyreM onl,rcneHHfl, BoccraHoBJ]eHHr l..r ru4ponH3a; 34ecb BaxeH ugToxpoM p-450.
Ecln :anaeglterct nporeKaHue :rofi $a:u, ToKcHHbl 3a4epxr4Balorcr B opfaHh3Me Aonbige.
fluratelsssle BelrlecrBa, Hyxrarcruhecfl B npoxox4eHuH :rofr $a:u: ra4r, qr"*, *ururr, gfiraN{14Fr C.
Beulecrsa^ ar$HeiapyrcuHe da:y I:
{ zlltKofoJlb.
,/ HHKorprH.
./'' roKC14Hbr oKpyxarcueil cpelul,
,/ 6prcccelrcxar Kanycra. Ka[ycra 6eroxo.{auHaR, 6ponxo,,rn,
'/ aneJrLcHH,MaHAapr4r{,
,/ THaMHH, HHaIIIIH, nuraunil C,
,/ rMr4H H yKpon
-Beuecrea. yrHeralouue 6a:y I:
. MenHKaMellrbt,
. H3Ob]TOK KypKyMHHa,
. KancauuH KpacHoro )Kfyqefo nepua.
. .3BreHOJl, l
. KBCPITCTHH.

(pa:a II ilpoqecc oKoHqareJllHoft rpanc$opMarrr414

- ToKcr4HoB e 6e:npe4Hue, Ber{ecrBa, gera orrcrpee npoxo4ur 5ra
$a:a, ren MeHb[re BpeAa Anr rrauefi.

A<
 Beulectea, Hyx(AarcqHecfl
, ,MMIII (HA[[ A'oMn @t43t4o il'orlt,fr I{E/IOBEKA
npoxo)KreHnltlll,$a:r,r:'cereH, BHTaMI,tHbr 82 H.812,
B
BI4TaMHH C, ruvoneHsr (neuqecrea, coAepxauvecfl B Ko)rqype
$orueoar Kucrora. Lryrar,oH,
I4Hra6aropu $a:tr II:
r{Hrp}rcoBbtxl }Kpofte H: rr,1uHe),,, ,
., r ,:
., ,, : .. ,
, :.,.:, :

. 4e$urqur rJrHqHHa u 6enKa,, .: ,...,..... i , l'." ,, ,

. He.qocTaToK BHTaMuHoe 82, 812, IIHHKa, ceJIeHa, cy,rrSHgOr, . .,,,:,r : ;:

' acnfipflHi'Ii{ecrepoHAlrb"tenporHBoBoc[aJl]rreJlbHbrecpercrBa, : . :, :.:, : i,

. l
I r{pe3MepHuft oxcl.r4arueHstfi crpecc. : .:r . ., ,

flpaxrnvecKoe rrpHMeHesRe :nannft

a L'yraruoH - aMr4HoKHcJrora Bax*ar 4rr o6onx
/. cogepxwcflB spyr{fax H oBorlaX; sas 4eroncuKarlr4,.
,

, ,. ;.:
,/ BoccraHagrlHBaer altr. E,
'/ noMofaer B npou3BoAcrBe, 3aultlTe Id BoccraHoBleHuu
[HK, , ] ., .t :,

'/ Heirrpa-rrusyerceo6o4HsrepaAuKarbr, , : .:. ',

,/ 3ar{Hrqaer or Yo-o6rry .lieHnfl.)
{ yryquaer HMMyHHy}o 3auJLrry,
./ cBt3brBaerrtxerlbleMertulrbr.
r I4HAo,'r-3-xap6uuo,r:
,/ corepxcltrcr B Karrycre,

v yBernrirBaer aKTHBHocrr, nporeKaHlr.fi o6onx 6a:.

. BnraunH E:
' I4Meer nporeKrHBHstfi sQ$err y :ircgefi. y Koropblx orcyrcrByer feH AJu ruyraraou-S-rpaucfrepasrr
M1 - $epueHTa, AeroKcl{I{I4pyroqerc purH KonL}ori{py}oqerc peaKrr.{BH6re mera6olu-rsr,
o npo$nlaKrnpyernoBpex&eHlreAFIK.
o Cy,qt$opoSaH:
'/ al$i{Bso cnoco6ctByer reroKcHKaiIHH B rier{e'H (6a:a II),
orreHb
,/ coAepxolTcr a 6poricorn.
o 3llarneBat KHCJIoTa:
/ crl'IMyilHpyeT $epueHrtr $a^:rr II ra rvrogy:rupyer aKTHBHocrr
$epnaenror Qa:rr I,
'/ coAepx{klTcs e rury6ullre, Ma-IIHHe, BuHorpaAe, rperlKoM opexe, uepuoft
cMopoAi{He.
o CeleH:
,/ 4eficrnyer rax xo-$arrop AJrr rJryraruoHa

,IIpvrHe coeetsr:
. qecHoK,
. CHJII4MAPHH,
o eognufi pacrBop aKri4Br.rpoBaHHoro ynrs,
.- nopouoK atcfnBupoBaHHoro yrnr AJrr y;ryr{uieHu,
Sysrcqra, neqeHu,
' rH'qponpoqe.qypbl: KoHTpacrHbIe npolreAypbr Arr neqeHr.r, pyccKag napoBar 6asx
ntn rcprqee y{yrbrBaHge .
yMeHbtnure aKrl{BHocru I{Of 2 ($epnaeHr BocnaneHufi, BocrraneHne
'{ errpa6orra cno6o4uux pa4una,ron):
yMeHbnraTe norpe6neHne x{HpoB H B qacrHocrlr orrrera_6,
'/ 6o.ilrure uorpe6nxftre ouera-3 xupoB (yaelzuanaer ypoBenb
AeroKcurlr4pyror{Hx {eprueHron),
,/ ruruleBbre aHru6uroprr IlOf 2:
- rrpoAyKfbr, s oSnnuu coAep)Karque cepy, _ qecHoK, rryn, 6o6onlre,
- aJIOS Bepa,
- Kyprqy Ma (ryprtynaan),
- po3MapI'IH - raKxe 6loxrzpyer upoqecc cBt3brBaHHr KapqnHoreHnbrx Berrlecru c
{HK, crr.rMyjrgpyer
AeTOKCpTKaTIHIO,
- xoJIHH, MerpIoHI'IH' BHTaMHH 86, $olueear Kl4cJrora JlfinorponHble BelrlecrBa, cruMyJlgpylor orroK
-
xeJIqI,I H3 nerIeHH, Mera6orusl\.{ }KI{poB B neqeHu.

Kuruequag .aeroxcunauu.s :

. KIIeTriaTKa:
'/ cBt3blBaer I'{ yAaJlfler xoJlecrepoJr, xeJrr{Hble K'cJrorbr r4 HeKoropLle KaHi-reporeHHbre Berl{ecrBa;
46
 . i, 'MML[ (r-IAru Aomi @,H3tr4o Jro,TI fl,trEfloBEKA
1,:*Ou*ueTrBpeMtKoHraKraounqipoa""oujbocTeHKOfircnuteqnnna-i ;:,::i: i ,.:.: ,. ,t
{yMeHbuaeTBcac6IBa}l.I4ero5cuHoe/xa"u.po.."o,;.'.-...''.......':'-:,:.:,|....:,:.]]'
'/ yMeHb[iaer npoqeH'r-Hoe coAepxaH,e
aHaspo6uux 6arcrepuitB KHIxeqHHKe
'/' BoAopacrBopfiMat K-flerqarKa pacqenr , , : i;. :. :. ,,
te'rcfl ilo6yrraponofi K'crrorbr, Koropar,yMegsmaer
SopraupoaanH, paKoBbrx KneroK; pr.rc*

' JIHTHHH - fip'poAHbrfi aHrNorcuIaHT, 3arr{}ru{aer

c,Tllg.HcTy}o KhruegH.LIK4:o:r ao:4eftcrn,x,ceo6o4ustx
paAHKrutoB, coAep)KHTCfl B
3penbrx pacTeilr4flx: ,' :':: :,
. xropo$unn - yMeHburaer- a6cop6qHlo
::. :l

roKcHHoB.
1

BrrnoA.
Mrl serser\4cq reM, qro Mbr e4ana. Harue
$lasravecrcoe ,oopo"i" nurr*1"**."+.py a oao6opor'
For o"rxpsreaer HaM uyinyugnir:nlr!,.{rr,coxpaHeH.r.{r
3,qpeBr,"n*",
!r AyxoBHororpogra. :::. , ,: r:
Ero sacrann;H,{M onpererlrrt
i trtr*""fl#Xff AocrHrHeM MbI coBepl'e*cr B&,HrrLrr{er. : .' ,

fIo4roroeurrc'KcAaqeTecToB[oTeMenn,,q.;;p*.n,nu"..","*'u,,..:

,i

47
 ,; M,MIII (l{AlU AOM, @IASVIOllOf.Vl I{EflOBEKA
, , l' | . ,: ,:; :. .. ,::,ir.,,,,'1;.;,;,. .

, ,Vpolc.;\b7,1 i:. : , ,r,i, ....;:r.

Tema. Cepfie.rHo-cacyAl{cTafl cllcreMa.. r,] r. :, . 'i ; ,,; ,

flogreua. Cepgqe.
..,.1 i , :t:

I7p.4:23 <Eo,rsure Bcero xpaHulaoro xpahu cepArre cnoe, u6o H3 Hero HcroqHnKpr xrn3Hlr));,3To yrBepxgeHr4€ :

npaBoMor{Ho xarc n 6yrcea,rbHoM cMr,IcJIe B rulaHe Qn:iaolorua, TaK H B AyxoBHoM rr:raHe., : . ..,: .:: .i;
Kpont Moxer BsInoJIHTITL cBol,r pa3Hoo6pa:nrre $yHKrrHr,r (nnrairue, 4.egoKcprKaqlrr, ren:roo6ueu, saulura), ToJrbKo
Haxollrlcb: B nocro.flHHoM ABIa)KeHI{HI 3ro 4nuxeune,oSecneqraBaer cepAg:{Ho-cqcyAi{craq cHcreMa.
.t il I I r' : ir : '.')11 '.
Cepaqe MoxtHo paccMarpnBarb nonrrx Mbruler{Hbrx opraHa - ((JreBoe) cepArle u,(npaBoeD qepAue, Kax,qoe H3
KaK ABa
Koropbl4 cocrol4T I.{3 rlpeAcepAnn v x<enyryoqrca. Eernar KucnopoAoM r{ rllTareJrbHbrMn BeuIecrBaMH KpoBb no BeHaM
nocrynaer K npaBoMy cepAlry, Koropoe Bbr€urxzBaer ee K nerKHM. B .rrerxux xpoBb Hacbrrrlaercfl Kr,rcJropo{oM r{
nocTynaeT B JreBoe cepArle, a H3 HerO BHOBb pa3HOCrZTCr K OpraHaM.

@yuxullu cepAua.
Haruerare,rsuas dynnuus ceprua ocHoBaHa Ha r{epeAoBaHun paccla6leunn (guacro,ra) u coKpaxreHnr (cucrona)
xenyAoqKoB
Bo npemx Auacronbl x(eityroqKu 3ano;iHfirorc{ KpoBrro r43 rrpe4cepAvtit, a no BpeMrr_cp{croJrbr oHH esr6pacrrearor ee e
KpynHbre cocyrbl (aopry r.r leroqHoft crrol).
V nsxo.qa )KefyAor{IOB pacnono)Kensr ruranaHlr, npenrrrcrBy}orrlue oOparuonry nocrynneHu}o KpoBH H3 cocygoB B
I43
cep,trqe. Kax<,4uft u3 3TIzx ruIanafioB cocrouT t€ Tpex KapMaIrKoB B Br{Ae nonyMecrrleB, onpy)Ka}out{x ycrbe cocyAa
(no:ronly hx Ha3 brBaror nonyiry HHITMH Kra[aHaM rd)
llpeAcep4Iar raK)I€ orrereHbr or )KeJT-yAoqKoB KiranaHaMu, Koropbre ilpen.flTcrByror o6parHouy roKy KpoBH r43
iKenyAotlKoB B IIper{cepAHR. KlanaH, pa3Aenrioul,uft reeoe npeAcepAHe n ressrfi x(enyAoqeK, Ha3brBaerc.s
MqTpanbHLIM IC'IanaHOM, a Ic'IanaH Me){tly npaBbIM npeIcepAl4eM I,1 npaBbrM Xei-ryAOr{KOM TpexoTBoptrarslu. Ospr -
o6pa:oeaHrt nepeiloHrJarblMu crBopKaMH. Koropbre cBeurr4Balorcq B fipocBer N(e[yAor{Kon Hano4o6ue BopoHKH.
Miarpalm*tft rrianau I,rMeer ABe crBopKH, a rpexcrBopuarsifi - Tpri. O6qas nnoulaAb KJranaHoB 6olt,ule, ueu
nJ]oIIlaAl' npeAcepAHo-x(enyAor{KoBolo (= arpHoBeHTpr.rKyJrspHoro) orrepcrur, no3roMy trx Kpafl rlJroTHo
npH)r04Malorcr lpyr K Apyry.
Crpoeuue creHKH cepAqa:
. BHyrpeHuyth cnok - 3HAoKapA (ennrelualuHar rrcaus);
. cpe,4l{}rH cJIoH - Mr.{OKapA (Mr,rueqHaq TKaHb);
r Hapy)KHrifi crofi - 3rrHKapA.
Ceplqe pacnonaraercr B coeAaHuTenbHorKaHuonr Qyrnape nepnKapAe: i. - .
@yHnuuona,rsqrm :leveHrou cepAS? cJryx&{T MbrrrreriHoe BoJroKHo uenor{Ka n3 xJleroK MI,roKapAa, coeAI{HeHHbrx -
(KoHerr B KoHerp r4 3aKJrrorreHHbrx B oAHy o6rqyro rrlen6pau.v.
B cep.uue pa3nnqalor 2rnna BoJloKoH:
. BoJloKHa pa6overo MuoKapAa rlpeAcepAr{f H x(enyAor{KoB, Koropbre o6ecneqHearor efo HarHerareJrbHy}o
-
$yuxqrarc; i. i
. BoJtoKHa BoAl,rrens pHTMa u npoBoAfirqefi cncreurr cepAqa, orBeqalor 3a renepaunro.Bog6yxAeHns H
npoBeAeHne efo K KJrerKaM pa6o'rero MuoKapAa.
KpoeocHa6xeHlae cepAua: or aoprbl orxoArrr 2 aprepuu (<<neuevHue) HJrr,r (KopoHapHsre>), Koropbre u nutalor
cepArle.
Pery.nnqun AenreJrbHocrlr cepgrla :
. aBTOHOMHafl perynfiIlrafi; .

:,
I ggHTpalbHat peryflrur{fi :.foJroBHofir uosr (cepAerrHbre qeFrpbr:B rlpo.{onroBaroM,Mo3teipl Mocre). Bnnfror Ha
rlacrory cnny coKpaqeuufi, cropocrb ilpoBeAeHHq uMrrynbcoB no npoxo4rqefi cr4creMe cep1ua.
AnroMar'snd ' ''' ' i"i;' :i

Puruuqecxue coKpalqeHuq cepzuIa Bo3Hr4Karor noA Aeftcrer{eM r,rMrryJrbcoB, 3apo}r(Aaroulr4xcr B HeM gdMoM.:'il ,:r : '

Ecffa usonapoBaHHoe cepArle noMecrHTL B coorBercrByrorrlue ycJroBr,tf, ono'6y4er 6urtcsc nocrorit{Aoft qacrorofi -
gro ceoft creo Ha3br Balor aBTo MarI,r3MoM.
OcHouHofi KoHTpoJib puruuvHoft AesrerbHocrH HcxoAprr H3 HepBHoro y3Jra, pacnoJro)KeHHoro B ilpaBoM npercepAl4l,I
- cllHoarpl{ailrHstfi y:el. Or sero HepBHbre HMnyJrbcbr rrpoxoAflT r{epe3 npe4cepAnr, 3acraBrrrrr HX coKpaularrcr. EuIe
oAliH y3eJI (arpnoseHrpuxy:rrpnufi), pacnoJrox(eH B Mecre coeALrHeHr4r npe4cep4uft H x(eryAo.tKon. Ou Hanpaurxer

48
 : MMII (HATII AoM, ewgvlolrofi,{.fl r{EnoBEKA
I4Mnyrbc BHH3 no Mexo*eilyAoqnoeoii neperopoAKe rlepe3
nyqoK HepBHbrx BoiroKoH (nyvox fraca). flpofi;r
uMnynbc pacnpocrpaHrerc, B )KenyAoqKh, no 3roMy
l{lIy,
3Kr "o,rr,"u,
,x coKpau.eHHe.
Bo apeur pa6oru cepAr]a Bo3HlrKaer 3neKrpnqecroe
noJ,Ie, Koropoe MolKHo Sapervcrpijnpoearr
flpn erou Mex4y pasnhqHLIMH ToqKaMn reJla Ha rloBepxHocru Terai
Bo3HrrKa.r pu:Hocil noreHr{r{aJroa. Kpneax pa3Hocr' :
noreHqfia'loB Bo BpeMeHI4 Ha3blBaercf 3tleKrpoKapAr4ofpaMMofi 3Trzx :

(3Kf). Taruna o6pu:or, :tcf orpaNaer ao:6yxt4eHue

cepAqa, a He ero coKpauleHae.
I{nrepecusle $arrsr o cepArle:
' Ha npoxoxreHue KpoBrz qepe3 Bce orrenbr cep^qa H refK,e n*er 2,5 ceKyH4br;
' Becb [yrb'
Haq}{Ha{ orreBOfO xelyAoqKa a3aKaHqt4BAX
nparsr;v nperceprHeM, KpoBb npoxorHT:a I uuH;
' ABe KOpOHapHbte aprepr4u nnralor Mblulry CepArra
Bo BpeMr AHacrorbr , HX Ar,raMerp He npeBb[xaer
COJ'TOMHHKH ilns n?4Tbn, AI4aMerp
. npaBbre H JreBbre orlenbt cepAua [epeKaquBaror
a6colrcrHo onuHaKoBblff o6.r,errr x
ornen ilepeKaqr4Ban KpoEH tu L.an,ro ;
)Kr'rr*ocrlr
;il;;;;;;;';"- reBrrfi,,o u,"*.o"Illl;ilil.tl:ff#L
- 3TO OT.K JrefKr4x (:acroi:tHax ceprer{Ha, HeA'craroqHoari);

ffparrrvecKoe IrpnMeHcHr{e 3HaHr{

Yc,ronus:4oponrr CCC:
1. @Hsuqecxue yrtpa:rHeHl{r: xax4srft
AeHb MrzHHMynr 20 uns a:po6xilx ynpaxHeHrafr.
3rpQexr:
,/ yBenuLreHr4e yAapHoro o6reua,
'/ ypexeHl4e rry,rlbca.
-aprepnit
,_ ffuera- 3axynopKa 3arpyrHrer pa6ory eepArla.
florronry:
. Mr,rHHMyM xorecrepuria (omoNeHue Ha creHKax cocyloB
o MT4HHMyM TpHtnHueprgor (cxleuBaHrze xlleroK KpoBr4
-) yMeHbneHue 3nacrnr{Hocrn),

rHclopola), -+ Bbr[re BT3KOCTb KpoBH, MeHbue nepeHoc

. MNH:P.MYM HACbIUICHHbIX )KHPOB.
I{croqHprxu snennrrx xupos :
{ [poryKTbr )I(HBorHofo npoacxox4enus, oco6euH.o
xHpHbre copra Mrca. x..I4p B q]4croM gr,rae (cano);
'/ pa6fiHHpogaHHLrfi r:axan nnnnnanv'b^
i ::f5:y:j"T3: :ii:loAre p xHB a.' ; ;;. ;;
;;ffi ; #.* * d"X
;o;;;#ffi;
j

:..;T::il";ilill,lil;.;'jilll""*u
ocHoBHbrMr4 npr.Ie MaMr4 nHuIE). ^u*. "p";"";; ilH;;;*n He ron,r(eH norraAarb B por Mex(Ay
{
MO'roqHLIe npo's/KT6I MHOfo HacbIIrIeHHbrx
- )Kr{poB, qfiqa KOHrIeHTpar xoJrecrepHHa
-
xonecrept4Ha * Hacurueuusre xupsl/l {250 nrr
rfiUo)
cr4'c'302 <oco6euHo BperHbl cnaAKHe KpeMbr
H rryA,Hrlr, B Koropbrx MoJroKo. s,iluaucaxap,Bnrlorcrr
HHfpeAHeHTaMH)). ocHoBHbrMr4
3' Bona - KpoBb craHonvrcs 6o:ree xzltori
u rexyueft nplr AocraroqHoM ynorpe6reHrau
4' KoHrpo:rs crpecca AoBep'e Eory.,crpec.
-
eo4ri.
.y*u.. .o'.rirr *u* .u*o.o ..paun ,u* u nepH$epuqecKr4e
cocyAbL---+ 3arpyrHeHl4e nacoc'ofi SyHrcquu cepAIIa, no"ur*ar"" A.4,
nuraHne rcponrrc) --+,c.reHo Kap4n.a, :uH$aprr. nureuiar cepArla (ue4ocrarovuoe
5' Bo:4epxaH'e or ynorpe6leHl'It atrKofo,"q
H HHK.THHa
T]CC. - npflMoe roKc,qecKoe gefrcrnlae, rosenH
- yqaqaer
6' ceext{ft Bo3Ayx - AocraroqHoe npITaHHe cepAua KHcJropoAoM H Hacbrr{eH'e
7'
}rna ecefr KpoBrd.
fiocrarovustrt orgrtx, coH Hor{bro - BoccraHoBrieHlle.
BsleoA.
o6ecne'{euue AocTaBK}r KpoBr,r (ncro,ruuna nuTaTeJlbur,lx BerqecTB
r,r xucnopoAa) ,KneTKaM OpraHH3Ma
qBrlnerc' *oou.. Heooxfanmo ocyqecrBJrreT
;:t#ffi;1ffi'ff1;ffiffi"-:Jffir#1jfli y*"r".o'puHr.nr ero 3AopoBbe B
;forrauruee saAaHHe.
flolroroenrcr K claqe recroB no reMe <Cep4qe>

49
 ,MM tti ( I-{A[U AO M>r O K3 14 O/l O f Wfl LI EJIO B E KA
.:..:1.'..::.:.1.',..,.1..;1:'.:.,iVppm7if..].l.'l-::
'.1:

Tema.CepAevHo-cocyAr{crancr{creMa. j.. , : , ri,

flogreua. CocyAucran cucreMa.
:'.."'' , : : : '
Coneru.no,s4oponrn,c.93 <CoeeprueHHoe 3ropoBbe 3aBacr.rr or,coBgprlJqHHoft qrpxyn{r{HH KpoBb). ,

CI4, c.271-272 <[Ipw KaxAoM ylape cepAua KpoBb Aonxua 6r,rc.rpq,#,fierKo. ilepeMerrlaTbcfi Ko BceM qacrrM reJra.
I{upnynrquu KpoBH'He ron}Icrlbr MeIIJarb recHas orexA4, Tyfo;,3aT{Hyrbre,norcaj pr:receMKH- Ec,rpr noHeqriocua He
AocraroqHo yremeHbl, 3To nqoxo cKa3blBaeTc.g na xpoqgo6pauIeHuu. Bce, vTo npensrcrByeT ,rltrpKynflrllrH KpoBH,
3aMeAIIter ee npHToK K xH3HeHHo Ba)I(HbIM opfaHaM I,r [opox(Aaer sacroftHrte rBJreHprg. lorosnas 6orb, KaureJlb,
cepAl{e6HeHI4e, HapytIreHr4e nHqeBapeH}4.rr qacTo rBns}o-rq.qi€rrrg4cTFr4eM:HeAocTaroqHofi qr.rpnynsqrara rponu>>.

cepgevHo-c ocyPucrafl c'creMa cocro'r H3 cepAqa ,'.oryoo,

=unonr"**u"l'.oarour, n"f*nu"r"u.t."
rfi"r,
cepAIIeM no 3aMKHyToMy Kpyfy KpoBeHocHbIX cocyAoB .no Bg.9My opraHrcMy.',,TanuM'o6pa":ona. [r,rTaTeJrbHbre
BeIIIecrBa I4 KHcnopoA llocrynalor x xaxAofi KJIerKe optauu:ua, a nsrHltx ylarrrorcfi npogy,rcfbr oSlresa BeirlecrB.
' i :
. : i ! : , .. j :.

I. ,i .
)

Crpoenne cocyqucrofi cucreMbr:. :. : , : .. , r:,,

1. Aprepur:
. KpynHbre r4 cpeAHlre apTepvul . ., .. ;. '
,

. apTepHonbl, .: ,

. KannJrJrflpbr (aprepnalrHar uacrs) . : .i , ..:

2. Beurt , .l
r Kanluriqprr (neHoruat uacrt) , , ,

. BCrIYJIbI,
r cpeAHHe H KpynHbre BeHbr.
llo eeHaIvI KpoBL nocrynaer K cepAr{y, a no aprepr4rM orreKaer or Hero. B 6o:rrurona Kpyfe KpoBoo6pauleuur, Goraras
KHcnopoAoM KpoBb rer{er no aprephtM, a B MaJloM Kpyrc.'no BeHaM. Tarnu o6pa:ou, KorAa KpoBb, HacbfiqeHHylo
Kl{cnopoAoM, Ha3EIBaIor (aprepl.{a.Ilbuofi>>, lrnreror B Br4Ai 6o.lrrtuoft Kpyf KpoBoodparqeHrza. .
:'...
Aprepuu - nepeHocqr aprepuairbHylo KpoBb (6orara KucnopoAoM r,r rruTarerbHbrMu Berqecrnavn) or JreBoro
)I(enyAoqKa cepAIIa r nepn$epnu. Carsas nepBar H caMa-{ KpynHar aprepas aopra. Or see orxo.qqr 3 eeHeqHtre
-
(ttopouapHue) aprepuu, Korgpble nxralor cep.aue. Aopra Aerrrcr na 6onee MenKr4e aryepvvr Koropr,re rruTaror Bce
opfaHbr TeJIa.
Crpoesue cresru aprepuu (3 clos): :, .

. HapylKHttfi (coe4nul,ITeJlbHaf rraHt), . , ., I ,, , ,. -, , : .

cpeAHHil (ma44an MbllrieqHafl TKans) - nouoraer cura)KuBarb rrynbcoBylo BonHy,r4 nporaJrKnBarb:KpoBb

'
AAJIbIIIC,
.
BlryTpeHHuft(su4ore,ruft). : : .., .. :, : ,,,
Oarropsi nonpexnarouue aprenux:
. KypeHue;, i,
. noBbtllreuusrfr ypoeeHb xojrecrepuHa Hn:nofi nJrorHocrr4 (6lxurrcra),
. H€AOCTaTOKKHCJIOpOAa,,. : ,. . ,, , ,:.,1
. nocToflHHo BbICOKOeapTepHaJIbHOeAaBJIeHI4e:
IIoBbIuIeH.He ypoBHf; aApQHanr4Ha r{ HopaApeualuna(ropnaoHon'crpecca);
'
. cTapeHHe,(norepn sf,lacrnvHOCru):, . t: =,, , : ., i . .,,.
, ,

Aprep11o.ru,;,,3TO MeJIKIIe BeTFLI aprepHftr llepexoAsrqile B:K&rruJrJrflpbl, Hx creriKa 6olee roHKarr., : ., : ,,

oyunqun: ., . ..:.
. :i.:. ..,,,r1, ::' ., :::,ii,,r: : r ' j;, ., ..
' ,ll, 11
a)4allueituruftrpaucnoprKpoBH,..l'.,..,'''..:..-.:.:.]::.'-:...i.-.il
b) excy)KeHHeupacruLlpegl{gnoygraerpery,ry.rpoBaruaprepxarbHoe,AaBJre,Hue,
: pojlb- KpoBsHoro
'- - , ,ri,. ..',
c.l p$epBy,apa, raK KaK Mqry,T. HaK4,IrJlrBarb :B,cBoeM qpocBelg MHoFo KpoBlr. :
;, . ,

.'::]t..i.'.,.;i.|':.:i.'jf]i-].],,:....':'';
:.., ..:..r.:,... .t1,, ..i. :..'..:
. :. t' ,:i,: . ,i: . ':: ... :'

50
 MMIIi (HAlIi IOM, QI SVlOlIAfVIfr i{EIOBEKA
Kann,rrrrpu.
flonepeuuoe cer{el{ue 'rlt4txb HeMHofo npeBbrttlaer Ar4aMerp. KijeroK. Creurca oqeHb roHKar. coc-four rp1rlb I43 o.irHoro
cJloti lcleroK enyrpenHefi o6oroqxa aprepnfr, r{To laer Bo3Mo)KHocrb frpoHuKarb MHon4M BeulecrBaM H3 KpoBH ra
B
KpoBb. O6uras nJ'rou{aAb Kalr4nnrpoB orco,ro I000 rv2.
O),sxuuu:
a) o6neH BeulecrBaMr,r Mex1[y KpoBbro H KrerKaMH;
b) orAaB Belqecrea, Heo6xoAaMble Ans x(H3HeAeflTe.rrbHocra, MerKaM uza6pan orxorbr, 6e^Hac rrnrareJrbHlrMt'
Beu{ecrBaMH H KHCTIOpOAOM KpoBb Bo3Bparqaercf K cepAqy no BeHynaM.H BeHaM;
c) xanaillrpbl Koxcpl yqacrBylor B TepMoperynrqrar.r (pacruvpelae Ka[HnJrrpoB - 6oarue rtpriroK KpoBH
-
6olsrue renroorlar{a; cy)I(eHHe - MeHbrrre, npHToK KpoBr4 MAHbrr!.e renloorlaqa).
-
O6naeuHue npoqeccsr naexAy Kpoeslo e rcanlrrr.{oax a rnaHst\,{Lt:
l. IevcropoHH.fl.fl al'Id$ysllr * o6naes xfiAKocrblo H Beu-iecrBaMH B 3aBacr4Mocru or KoHueHTpaq uu ux no o6e
cTopoHbt cTeHKH KanHnJIqpoB.
. c 3a BpeMfl npoxox(AeHHt KpoBI4 no Ka[HnntpaM, rura3Ma H Me]KruIerorrHa.s xrrlKocrr o6il.reHlEsa]orc_rr .
40 paz. Cxopocrs odueua 60 nlvuu u,ru 85 000 n/cyr..
BoAopacrBopHMble BelrlecrBa (natpuit, x-qop, n'IIoKo:a a r.g.) npoHi,rKalor'foJTbKo qepe3
' 3anonHeHHr,Ie
eoAofi nopbl KanHJL'upoB. llpoHnqaenaocrb creHKr.I Airfl 3'tL1x BeulecrB 3aBrrct4T or Beruur.rHbt MoreKvJr
BeqecTBa H oT pa3Mepa nop
o KpynHbte MOneKyIbl, KoTopl,le He MoryT npOHr{KHyTb qepe3 n0pbt, npOXoAtT qepe3 cTeHKy rryTeM
rIfiHoIIpITo3a - KJleror{Hat ueu6paHa xJIerKH 3H/Iorerl{q oKpyxcaer 3Ty MorreKyny H BTrrfr4Baercfl B
ul{rofina3My, o6pa-ryerca [y3blp-eK c naolenyloft Beu]ecrBa Buyrpr4 - BaKyon.s. 3arev ua nporgBoflonoxnoi
cro poHe xJierKr4 npor4cxoArr o6p arHriii ilp o qe cc

' xHPopacrBopHMbte Belr{ecrBa (cnlaprtr) i4 ra3bt (Oz, COz) 6srcrpee npoxo4rr qepe3 creHKH
KariHnntpoB; TaK KaK npoHHKalor r{epe3 Bc}o noBepxHocrt, Kr.IerKH

2' @H,rrrpauHq a pea6cop6ufiq - o6iuen BeqecrB B 3aBlrcr4Mocru or rnApocrargr{ecKoro 14 oH*orr4r{ecKoro ilaBreHVfr

BH.yTpH r,r BHe KailHJinfipoB.
(Dnnrrpaqufl npot'tHKI{oBeHHe Beu{ecrB 14 xI4AKocrr{ r43 ilpocBera Kaflr.]nJrrpoB
- B MexKreroqHy]o xr,rAKocrr,.
cnopocrr @. eo ecex Karrr.Lrrnqpax opraH,3Ma 14 un/nru*i unuz} nlcyr.
Pea6cop6qnfl - npoHHKHoBeHHe BeurecrB H xHAKocrH H3 MexxJreroqHoil xlrAKocrlr B npocBer Karannqpa.
Crcrpocrr
P. - 12"5 na.irluun ranu 1B n/cyr. l{o :runr$aruvecKuM cocyAaM orreKaer eure 2 r B
cyr6rr.
Baxno. .tto:
o MexAy 3TrlMI4 npoqeccaMH OyllecrByer II4HaMrZqecKoe paBHoBecHe) npn efo HapyueHHH pa3na)KHBaerct
AesrenbHocrs CCC.
c B aprgpHallbHoM KoHIde Kanl'lnnflpa npec6la4aer drn,rsrpaqt4fr, aB BeHo3HoM KoHUe pea6cop6qu.x.
OaKropur. nospexuarcuue KanHrrlpbl=
-
o rpaBMa (pa:pyrreurae creHKI{ KanI,InJrtpoB - reMaroMa cKorureHlre KanunlfipHofi xpoen n rraHxx);
r -
o)Kor:
e €LIIKOT0JII' - noBblrueHHe TIOMKOCTH cOcyAOB - nyplTypHble JILIHHH, CeTOqKr.r Ha KOX€.

Beuy,ru - MerKHe
BeHbt, no pa3Mepy SKBL{BareHTHbl aprepuonana. o6pa:yrorcr npr4 cnr4uHt41KanhrnqpoB.
@yHrquu:
o co6uparcr <<o6e4Henurylo) KpoBb t43 KanurnqpoB 14 Hecyr n 6olee KpynHbre BeHbr
Besu.
a CrpoeHne raKoe xe, KaK y aprepufr, rolrKo cpeAHfifi (uruureuHax)'o6o:rovxa 3Haqi4Te:rbHo roHbrue.
a B npynHsrx BeHax ecrl' KIIanaHbI, Koropble npen{TcrByror o6parHony (oruocnre:rruo cep4ua) roKJ KpoBH.
,{ameuue B BeHax 3Haqr{Te,rlbHo MeHbure, qeM B aprepnrx.
a .{nuxeHiae KpoBH ocyqecrBJlflerct He croJlbKo 3a cr{er rrpl4cacb{Ba}oqei Syuxrrrag cep4lra, cKoJrr,Ko 3a cqer
coKpauleHHr cKeJrerHbrx Mbrrnq (naHrrieqHr,lii gacoc) n ArrxarelbHofo Hacoca.
. Kpont H3 BeH BnaAaer B npaBoe npeAcepAue cepArla.
e flpn corcpauleHdr cnenerHblx'MbIrIq nponcxoAuT cAaBnr.rBaHHe BeH, npoxoAnr{Hx B lrx ronrqe. llpu :rov
KpoBb BblAaBrHBaerct IIo HanpaBneHI4Io K cepAUy, TaK KaK o6parnoiray ee roKy
npenrrcrBy]or *unu"r, u
Bellax. TaruEu o6pa:ou, npH KaxroM MbluleqHoM coKparqeHur4 ycropsercs KpoBoron,
a o6reu KpoBH B BeHax
yMeHblIraercx. 3ro Berer K yMeHbIIleHHlo AaBneHI,rr r,I B KarruJrJrrpax, a 3Haqnt yMeHbuaercrr BepofiTHocrr)
pa3Br,tTHr oTeKOB.

51
 MM III (HAIII
AO M, QVTWAilAfWfr r{ E/t,O B E KA
r ''"'Ilpn HerocraroqHocrn BeHo3HtIX K,-]anaHon (ndplrro:uoe pacluupeHpre.Befi,rgocna-,reHr4e
BeH) MbliueqHrrfi
Hacoc nepecraer 6rnl crols eS$ercrHBHbrM, H KpoBb 3acrar4Baercs
s eeFi5x,: ffi,ruue cBep.6,*u*oa*
KpoBH - o6pa:olaune rpou6on. Taxxe noBbrrraercr ra'rreH,e a ranra:i*p5d r 6rerc ;;;$"u"r*r.
I .i . i jg3Bl;l'.i; ,. I | ::., ..r. L. :i..ii tr:i ,lt.l,i tr, "-r;; -
ArxaTeliuuifi ueiooc' Bo epenar BAoxa AaBreHue e rpyAuofi noroctu (oua repnaeruunir)
cunxaercr.
pacuplpeHHlo neH rpy4uoil noJrocrl4, 3ro ne4e.r n
lI KpoB6 B HHX KaK 6tt gacacsreaercr r43 Hnxenexaqnx (aeH 6proruuofi
nolocTa),'i6oree GAaBneHHbIX BeH: flpn e'ir4oxe ua6lrogaerc n
olpatnax KaprHHa, flpra rnydolrorro, oprolIlHono
EbrxaHu'l 3Tor MexaHt{3M elqe 6onee :$$eKTHBeH EJrs co31alr4r paBHoMepHoro
KpoBoro1a.
@vnxunn neH:
. Hecyr KpoBb or nepnQepnuecrcux rxaseii K cepArly, , : ,

. oKoJro 64Yo rcpoan coAep)ruTc, B BeHax _ 3T0 pe3epByap KpoBt4.

: :

Aprepua;lruoe AaBJreHr{e (A7f)

^ ff -
AA 3To AaBJreHHe, Koropoe oKa3blBaer KpoBb Ha creHKu aprepaft
cr4creMHoro rcpoeoo6paqernrx.
cucro:raqecKoe raBJreHHe - sas6olsurue qu$psr ru"n.n"" ru cocyAoB KpoBH, Koropym Bbrrar6gBaer resrlfr
xenylor{eK B COCyAbr Bo BpeMfl CHCTOJTbT. "r""*"
{nacronuvecKoe AaBJreHrIe - AaBJIeHne, Koropoe npoH3BoAr4T KpoBb Ha creHKr4 aprepufr Bo BpeMs
xenyAoqKoB AaacroJrbr
fly'nrconoe AaBr'IeHIIg - 3To pa3HI,IIra Me)KAy c'croJr'r{e'KHM.u A,acroJ.rHqecKpIM
AaBJI.HH.M.

-
Oanropsr, tsrtrqmulue na A{:
l. HepeHax cncreMa.
t' 6apopeqenropbl oIIeHHBaIor AaBJIeHHe KpoBH Ha cocyAbr n nocbrJiaror curHa;rbr
o ero ypoBHe n l-M, a ror, B
cBoto oqepeAb, OqeHaBaeT 3ToT cl4rHaJl u cTapaeTct npI4BecTH ypoBeHt
A[ rc Hopua,rbHoMy;
t cl'IMnarHqecKaq HepBHat cacreMa cnoco6crryer cyx(eHnro cocygoB, T.e. noBbltnaer
2' lloqxu: yMeHbueHHe roKa KpoBt4 n nounax(n:-=u-uptaprocuepo3a, crpecca,
A[.
oqeHb rlHTeHcuBHbrx ynpaxueunh)
crHMyJrr{pyer BbrAeneHr,re HMi4 peHuHa rcpMoHa, ro'roprrii nonsruraer
- A{.
3' Cocrosnue aprepnil: ecnu aprepnl'I yrpar{HBa}or 3JracrnliHocrr (arepocnrepo3,
crapeH ue vt pp.),ro 3ro BeAer K
noeuureHnrc A[.
4. I'1:6rnox coJrl4, )KupoB pI caxapa B nHTaHHr4 npprBoArr K noBbruleH'lo
AA
5. HuxornH.
6. fopnrousr.
' as6ltron aApeHarHHa H HopaApeHaJIIaHa (ropnloubr crpecca, BbrAeJr*orcr HaAnorrer{HgKaMr.{)
II' tA\A)
- [oBbr[a]or
c us6lruor aHTr.{Al{yperllrlecKoro fopMoHa _ noBblrrleHrae A!;
. Apyrne ropMoHbr o6lagaror noAodsun,t 4eftcreueu (roprra:on)
o as6rlrox HHcyJII4Ha - noBpexAeHne SHAoreJIHt yBerltqeHr,Ie orJroxeHu{ xo.[ecrepr,IHa
-
7. feHeru,{e cKa.q npelpacnoJro)r(eHHo crb K noB bnleHraro An. - )KecrKgcrb cocy,o'.

II. Kpyru npoaoo6pauesus.

cep4evHo'cocyrtrcrafl cl'creMa r{eroBeKa cocro,T a3 ABJX nocneAoBareJrb*o coeA!{HeHHr,IX orneJloB.

. coAep)Krzr npu6,ru:ureJrbHo 840/o scefi r1upKynr4pylorqefi rcpoeu; .. ,.

' ' HaqHHaeTct;G JIeBoIO XeIyAOqKa cepAlla, I43 KoToporo npH'coKpauleHltt4,B
aopry ru6pacbtBaeTct
apTepLIaJIbHat KpOBb; ; iji:;:t; i..i ji.: I. r, r; , , :: .

aopra Aemarc-s Ha 6oJleer

' M'9JIKL{e cocyAbl
- aprepl{u, Korop$e nepexoAflT. B aprepr,roJrbr, a re, B cBo}o oqepeAb
- B KanHJTrl{pbr.; TaKI'{M O6palona, nprralorc.fi Bce rKaHt{ jopmHH3Ma;
' : ,],
t sareM KpoBb nonaAaer u ueAylu 14 BeHbI pa3rl,IqHoro ,rcanu6parz B-Kotrqe Kpyfa,. nonaAaer B npaBqe
npe{cepAHe J'r'upanslfr. xe{ryAo4er;
HacocoM';ptx
Go:ruuroro xpyra'rponoo6paqeuux,flBJrflercr reegrft orAeJr cepAua.
I'Icx'rroqeHueMl n3 3Toro o6u-iero nphunaa crpoeHHfl BeHo3Horo pyonalrbrxdta"
npo"oron n 6prrxeeuulrx (xpoer or
KHIIIe{HHK?; xeflyAKa' nogxely4ounoft Ne:le:st, xerr{Horo ny3rrpx)'ra
ibr{es'esoqHrx cocygax. Kpo;r ra3 Kanr.urnspoB
3THX opraHoB .nonaAaer,Br ileqeHb veipes noporrryIo BeHy,
TaM errle pa3 npoxo4'T r{epe3 Kan'nJrrp}ryro cerr (r.o.

52
 MMIII <HAIli AOM" QI43I,IAJIOIYIfl tIEilOBEKA
Qu,rsrpylcu) u :rnur 3areM nonaraer qepe3 Hr4)KHrcro rrojryfo BeHy B llpaEble orrenbr ceprua. 3ro pyc,ro Ha3brBa]or
rtopra"r bH r,rlr nponoo6 pail{en HeM.
Tarcar oco6eHHocrb o6yc,ronleHa reM, rlro. : j.
'/ I43 nuu{t4 or opI'aHoB fil4uleBapeHHr B KpoBr, nocrynaer crr4lrKoM MHoro m}oKo3br. K-nerxu neqeHg H3blMarcT
H3JIllIxeK ee I'l.HaKailrl4Balor B BHAe llll4KoreHa. Tenepr KpoBb coAepxHT HopMa.qbHoe Kort{qecrBo rr.I}oKo3br r4
Motrder BepHyrbcr K cepAuy,
'/ ri.rlerru net{eHu Taxxe yrantlor u o6e:npexlrBarcT flroBprrbre Ber[ecrBa,.Koropbre HaKo[H,Tr4cb B KpoBr.r.
I'Ia"r r,rfi (=,re roqJr Hfi ) fi nvr x Do eoo6 pa ue u uq
. coAep)ruT oKoJro 9o/o scefa KpoBH, ocTaB[rHecf 7%o naxagnrcs.B, cepAr]e;
o HaqHHaeTcr c npaBofo )xenynoqKa:
. KpoBb nu6paclruaercfl B Jrefor{Hofi cteo,'r (Hecer BeHo3nyro rcpoat),
t Aajree KpoBb nocrynaer B cocyAr4c'ryrc cucreMy refKnx, Koropafi HMeer cxoxee c 6oiltrur.rlr KpyroM
cTpoeH14e:
t or iIerKHX KpoBb nocrynaer B 4 leroqHr'te eeust (Hecyr aprepr'ranbHyrc rcpoes), Koropbre BilaAaror B JreBoe
npeAcepAue, a H3 Hero s ,rerslft xenyAoqeK;
o B pe3ynLTare o6a Kpym KpoBoo6pauleHrar 3aMbiKarorcfi :

Kporrae cHcreMLI KpoBeHocHsIX cocyAoB cyurecrByer err{e crrcreMa

lunrsaruvecKr{x cocyaoB, co6uparoulgx
xfiAKocrb u 6elxu Mex(ruteror{Hofo npocrpaHcrBa H rlepeHocglqnx 3TH BeulecrBa B KpoBeHocHoe pvcno.
I43
Peryrquraq Aenersnocru cr.{creh{u Kposoo6paueHprq:'

' I{HC (ece or4elrt rorroBHofo Mo3ra, no oco6eHuo cocyAoABurare:rlurrfi rreHTp B crBoJre Mo3ra r4
rnnoralavyc).
r l-opvot-ut:
/ aApeHaJrHH r.r HopaApeHannH (cyxeHne cocygoB, yqau{eui4e r{CC);
{ pel{l4H-aHrHor eH3uHoBafl cllcreMa (cyNeHtae cocyAoB, yse:inueHue A[);
'/ Ba3onpeccHH (cyNeHue cocyAoB, 3aAep)KKa BoAr,r B opraultsue);
{ arbAocrepoH (peaScop6unrr Botrbl n Harpvfl B rroqxaK. noBbrrueHHe rlyBcrBHTeJbHocrH r;taAKHX
M bt ru U c O cyAo B K co cyAO cylKr4Barcrlr4 M neule crnarr,l ).

flpanru.recKoe rrpr{Merrenue :nanufi

Vcroear 3AopoBbr cocy4ucrofi cHcreMbt:
l. Untasue:
a fiuera c BbIcoKHM coAepxcaHl4eM ]IffpoB Hapyrtlaer $yHxqraH (He:aeucunaoe pacc:ra6reHue) :Hgore rr1r1, a
3Har{pfll cnoco6creyer pa3Btrrulo Al. Ilpra HopMa:rr,Barlnn norpe6:reHuq xtupoB sror s$$ercr Hcr{e3aer.
o llprraHue 6epenteHurrx Kpllic c BLIcoKt{M coAep)KaHHeM )KHpoB Bbr3brBuuro HapyureHne $ynrqnfi cocyAoB y HX
gerexstueft. 3ro'r a$$em 6rn eule 6o,rsure BbrpaxeH, y ux uarepefi 6sn 4ua6er.
ecJrr4
t finera c BbIcoKI,IM norpe6leui,leM ceMrH JrEHa noMoraer BoccraHoeuru $yurr{Hlr 3HAorejII,y1.
Tonaaru fipeAynpe)KAalor pa3BI4TI4e arepocKJrepo3a cocyroB, TaK KaK npeAorBparqaror oKgcJ]eHr.re )Kr4poB
'
KpoBH.
KoMnoHeHTLi cou - n:o$lanonbl - yrHeraror clrunaHue rpou6oquroB !r BbrAeJreHHe HMH
'
cocyno cyxHBarctllxx BeulecTB.
n Bslcorue uilrlpur caxapa KpoBr4 noBpexrarcr 3HAorerr4fi cocyroe. Aexafl ero 6o.lee uyncrBuTerbHbrM K
BeulecTBaM) CyXeHHe co cyAoB.
.Bbi3bIBarouIHM

2. Ou:uqecxue yrrpaxHeHr,tfl:
o 3actaertlor MbIIUubl HHTeHcuBHo coKpalllarbcg, c)KHMar eeubr u, TeM caMbIM, noMoraror npoABl4rarb KpoBb
K
cepAry, a 3Haqlrr, ynyquaroT rlupKynxqr4lo KpoBr4.

conporl{BneHue o6rqenly KpoBorolqy, a sro cnoco6crByer iloBr,iureHr..r}o KpoBrHoro

AaBneHHr.
t Perynqpuue tpN:uvecKI4e yilpaxHeHHfi noMofaror coxpaHHTL aprepuv3Jracrhr{Hbrr4vr.
CVl. c.293-294 <orpovrHoe Koitt'tqecrBo xeHIrl4H HMeIor pacuaraHrylo HepBHyro cucrevy, oHr4 y3MyqeHlr
sa6ora14rl
H3-3a rofo' r{To nHlllalor ce6{ cBexero Bo3Ayxa, noroprtit lror 6sr orrncruTb'KpoB},, n cno6ogr,I
4nqxeHnfr,
o6ecneqltealoqefi paBHoMepHbtfi rox KpoBH no BeHaM, Hecyurail )Kr43Hb, 3AopoBbe v cvJrbr. Muorue xeHrrluHu
craJrn
xpoHHrlecKHvn 6o;llHr'lnall, TorAa KaK MoTJIH 6sr ouu.{arbcrj3AopoBbeM, H HeMa-qo HX yMepJro or
ry6ep,ryresa N
Apyrlzx :a6oreBaHlafi, TorAa KaK oHl'l MOTJIH 6lt npoNurr oTeegeHurrfi rEM orpe3oK xH3HH, ecln 6u oneBaJrgcb B
<?
 ': MMIII (F{AL[I, floM,r or4g|A'o]rorwL qETOBEKA
coorBercrBH4 c npHlrunnaM,H 34opoBbt ,' 14 3aHr4Manr4cb
Bo3ifyxe ' ' ' o:lesullacr no4xqAturi4M odpa:ora
{ruanuecruvu ynpaxHeHnr,Ml4 Ha orKpbrroM
4lr , npe6ulpa.Hhr Ha cBerKeM Bo3Ayxe, nycrb oli' 3aHuMa[orc,
$ia:xylrryp oit wnu rpy,4:5:Fcti - cHaqar'ia oc.TopolKHo, a 3areM nocreneHHo ys€lruvra,nar o6re:lr ynpaxHeunii
Hao oJ.rbKo,
HacKoill'Ko oHH M:0L-]T [294] ssraepxarl. Be4r nogo6ulrft
o6pa: xH3HH, MHorHe )r(egrlr,rHbr Mory.r Boccra*oBr4Tr)
cBoe 3AopoBLe n crarb nor'Ie3HbrMu o6rqecrny>.
.l
3. [rrxaune.
lry6onoe, 6proruuoe 4brxaHue npenrrcrByeT 3acroro KpoBr4 B BeHax.
cLr' e'272 <t{ro6u I'IMerL xopomyro KpoBb, MbI AoJI)KHbr npaBr.rnbHo
Arrurarl. flo:rHsril, rny6oHuli a4ox qgcroro ,.
Bo3ryxa' HanonHflrolqi'tfr lernne KucnopoAoM, or{Hlrlaer KpoBb. Kuc:-ropo4
npr4Aaer KpoBH rprgzfi rrBer 14 HanpaBJrrrer
NerBorsopHblft noror Ko BceM opraHaM TeJIa)). ,

4. Oaexr4a.
. PaeHoNdepHocrb pacnpeAeneHH, orex(qbr.
o6uuafi, rBJrrrercfl HepaBHoMepHoe pacnpeAeJreHr4e
B ro epeur, KaK Ha oAHrzx qacrqxrena oAexq4tr 6o,rsue, vel,t rpe6yercr,
oAelrq4br.
ApYf.n€ He.qocraroqHo,3aKpbrrbt.
llocro'nlxy cronbl H KoHeqHocra pyK yAaneHbl or xH3HeHHo Ba)KHbrx opr.aHoB,
HX cJreAyer oco6eHHo.o6eperarr or
xoJIoAa' y(yrLlBas KaK MoiItHo remlee. HenoslvlolrHo coxpaHuTb
3AopoBbe, ecna KoHeqHocr, Bce BpeMq
nepeoxjlax(Aatorct' r'16o xorAa B HI{x ocraerct cJIHIuKoM Ma:ro KpoBrl,
ee cJrr4ruKoM MHoro nprzJrgBaer K 4pyfr,IM
qacrtM re;ra' Ee:ynpeHHoe 3AopoBbe rpe6yer
6e:ynpeunoao *po"oo6paulsHr4r, Ho SToro HeBo3Mo)KHo Aocr,rtb, ecJrH
r{acTn Tena' B KoTopBIX pacnonoXeHbl
)Io'I3HeHHbIe opraHbl, yTenJleHbr B TpI,r r,Uru qeTbrpe pa3a cgnbHee, geM
KOHCqHOCTH.
o Crsrnealoqaso,qex,qa.
-:
Cl4, c.292 <Kponre roro, Tfl)Kecrb oAexAbr BblHyxAaer xeH[IHHy cyryn'Tbcs H 3arpyAHfleT
' :. .,
npaBHJrbHOe AbrxaHr4e,
cTecHffl llefKHe...
"'3arsrpteas raJII,IIo' )I(eHITIHHbI pI MoiloAbre AeBymKr,r HaHocsr ce6e senonpannutril spea.
cyu{ecrBeHHo, uro6lt rpyAHat KJterKa HMena npocrpaHcrBo MaKcIaManbHo llr 3ropoBbfl cqeHb
pacurhprrrbcfl, a refK}ie Morrr4 Aenarb
nolultfr eAox. KorAa JIerKu€ crucHyrbl, KotruqecrBo Knc,,{opo.qa, nocrynarou{ee B HI,IX, yMeHr,rrraercr.
Kpoas He
o6oraqaercr KuclopoAoM' rorlll(HbiM o6pa:ona, r npoqy*tr, n.prpuooti, n.
;.r;; n.rr.r., a
3aAep)KHBarorct B HHX' B go6anlenne K3ToMy Hapymaercs qprpxyn{un-s "#;;;
KpoBrr, rr BnyrpeHHra opauri, raK crecHeHbr
lI cMerrleHbl, qro He MoryT HopManbHo BbrnoJrHsrb cnorc pa6ory>.

III. JIum{ar!{qecxas cfl creMa.

Jlnna$a - xHAKocrb, orrexarculas or rraueft n rnnr$arnuecr(He cocyArr. co4epxur MexrureroqHyrc
)KHAK6crb H
BCUIECTBA, KOTOPbIC HC CMOIJIH NPOHHKHYTb E gCHOSUbIfi
KOHEI1 KANHruI,POB
BHopue3aayTKHulipa6arrmaeTcgoKono2nurpoelunasrt.

JluuQarnvecKrre cocyAbr.
Bce rraHa, 3a I4cKJIlor{eHIreM rloBepxHocrHblx cJroeB Koxcl4,
UHC lr rocr-Hoft TKaHH, [poHr43aHbl MHoxecrBoM
luv$arnvecKl{x Kanl'lJlJlffpon, o6pa:yrcil{Hx rouvafturyro cerr. 3ru Kanr{nJrrpbl,
B orJrur[re or KpoBeHocHbrx,
3aMKlryrbl c oAHoro KoHIra. Iluu$arauecKue Ka[HJr,[xprt co6nparorcr B
6oree xpynHrre cocyAbr. llocle4uue u
HecKoJlbKHX Mecrax BnaAanr B BeHbI; DIaBHbIe lunt$aravecrne cocyAbl, orKphrBalouruecr B Kpyrlgbre BeHbr - 3To
rpygHofi (co6apaer:rr,rm$y or 3/+rena) u npaeufi luu$a.lnvecKue ilporoKu.
@yHKuus rar'ldaruqecxux cocvaoe AononHprremnrrfi
- ApeHilK. Cerr nnu4arraqecKux cocyAoB - oro
AoII0JIHI'ITeJIbHa{ cHcreMa, no Koropoft rrcaHesaq )I(HAKocrb, Koropas He pea6cop6upoBarracb
s eeFro:Hrrfi KoHer{
KanLIJrJIflpoB, oTTeKaeT or rrcauefi B KpOBeHOCHOe pycno.
CrDoeHHe cleHKH ranHfftxpos oAtlocnofiulrfi :Hloreluft. gepe: Hefo refKo npoxoA{T
- HeopmHr4rrecKpre BeulecrBa,
caxapa' xlap6r u 6elxu' Eo,:ree KpynHble cocyAbl HMeIor ffIaAKoMblrrJer{Hbre
KJrerK}r 14 TaKHe xe KJIanaHbI, KaK B BeHax,
Koropble npentrcrBylor oOparuorray rony luu$u. Blaro4apr MLrrfieriHr]rM
KrerKaM H rrepeABpraercr ann$a.
B ruarrn$aruuecKllx KanI4JL[{pax I4 cocyAax Mbrrfirl tor rrr*4u, noMep)Kr,rBaercr
rnu$aurqecKprM HacocoM -
coKpaLI{eHHeM cKeJlerHblx MbltilL(. Cttopocrr roKa npu MbIIrIeqHbrx ABH)KeHrltrx Bo3pacraer e t5 pa: no cpaBHeHgro c
cocTotHpIeM IIOKO{.

JInUS aruvecKtre y3Jrbr.

rlo xo4y KpynHbx,ruusarltuecKl'Ix cocyAoB, pacrroJ'roxeHrr run,tsaruqecKr4e y3rbr <<$ulrrpu>,
Hanbo:ree KpynHbre qacrHllbi' nonaAaloull4e e .nnr'r$y. B sax rarcr(e co3peBaror
- 3arep)ruBarcrrlr4e
6elsle KpoBrrHbre reJrbqa.

54
 , ,, MMIII, <<HAilI,{,OM>>
'y?crhuu {DWgkIOI"lOfWfr, {{E/{OBEKA
Eo.;reglrereo;pHbte (6axrep-iau, n paxonr,li: lcrerrlt) saAepll(HBarorcfl s ,ruv$aruvecKilx'y3nax; l4,rraKI4M
o$pa:o,v, npeAorqpa-lqaercfl,l4x.ilgnaaaHue B KpoBr;: B y:;rax oHn yuuu'roNaiorcr'$aroqnravlt.
Fl,opaxe,uyg.y3ilqB yJroBneHH.FrME,r4Mw:6awtepu:n,ttH,Be:]er K.HX orelqy lt'yeei'tuqeHl4to.,rTraM$arprq'ecxHe ygjlr] :!{oryrT
cogepNaru..roaKoBbte,xrileTK.?l;flofi,3tsrflr4e ue-rxauefi;:ioT. Ko?optrlx lau$a;orreK&eT B 3ToT..]r3en HJIH fpynny'y3noB

! Herr:s Maccuporarr, yBe,'ruqennue ,rumsarr{qecxrre y3Jrbr. 3ro uoxer cnoco6creoearr 6o,ree 6slcrporray
pacnpocrpaHeHr,Iro paKoBbIX Is'reroK Ro BceMy opmHLI3My ':: ' ' ', ,

-'::'' :::
l.TnUyC,.,.,i'.. t t.i'.ii ,,l '.1 .,r::'.r: ": I r'
PacnoloNen :a nepxuefi qacrblo fpyraHbr. V Aereft ou 6oluuux pa3MepoB, ax20 roAaM 3Har{HTeiIbHo yMeHblllaerct.
. Ao polcqeFir{s pe6eHra :Aecs o6pa:y}orce lnu$oqurst,
. 3recb co3peBaror T-nnrra4orlprrlr, Koropbre AaJree pacnpeAenflorcs rlo BceMy opraHl43My,
.rupa6arlrnaeTTHMo3I,IH'xoropstficnoco6creyeTco3peBaHI{toT-rcleror
;2,N4w}JilAxl4tlLl.:::i,:,' r.,'1 : .: | " ' : 'l
Cnon:reHue luusaruvecnofr rraHu, pacttonoxeHHoe no4 clpl:ucrofi o6oroqxoft porornorKn. OHpt nottoraror
,6oporr,cr c,uH$erqlIeil, nonaAalolr1eil,B,3Ty o6lacrg,, :, '1' :: ' :'''i

.BuArtMIaHAaII,IH::.]::i.:......'..:-
. r .,He6Hr1s'r:pacno.{oxeABrno.o6ecropoHsr3eBa. ' : " :

' . '.'rt{oroarii6re - pacnoltjxentl'na rpaHur{e soco.'lr pororJrorKlr no o6e cropoHbl'oT sgsi4rca.' .

::].':q:LtKoeHe-.HaXojiflTc'BocHoBaHI,IHg3bIKa.
3. Ce,'resenl€.
3ro canaufi 6olruroil rum$ougHrrfi opraH B opfaHu3Me. PacnoroxeHa ceJIe3eHKa e reeoM BepxHeM nragpaHre
)r(HBora, JreBee or irenyrKa. 3auiuuleHa pe6parran c nepegHeii cropoHbr.
@yHrcuru:
. y rtno.qa ]To KpoBerBopHufi opfaH,
cys:poc,,trlx]:Aecr.cospebarorlraru$oqI,ITLI'..'...
I ; n Hefr npo,.*oo"t y"r.rroxe,Hug 6i;;;;'" apy.ux uacrrau lHinpraMep, nocrapeBurax :prarportrEror).
o cnyxrar pe3epByapoM KpoBr,t.
. :_,'
' r':" ': :'
Brrnon.
Xopourar qnpKyJUrrIH.s KpoBr.r o6ecueqfieaer nonHoqeHHoe KpoBocHa6xesue Bcex opraHoB.ll cIa€TeM r{upgtor,,. ,

opfaHfl3Ma, a 3HaqLff, ux nonHoqeHHoe H 3AopoBoe QyHKr-lHoHpipoBaHr'Ie

- ::' : :: ' t:
3aAarrne. ': : ' '
fiomaurnee
lloArorosurscri K cAaqe recroB ^
ilo reMe <Cocygucras
:
cracreMa. Ihanr$arrauecKafl- cl.{,greMa).

1 .,

# I'1,.l iir. , ;.'-:

55
 MMIII (HAru AOMr, @t43t40 n}il4fr L{EIOBEKA
:
Vpox.\1 8
Tema. Kpoeu.
,Tes. l7:14 '..46o 4yura BctKofo re:ia [ecrr] KpoBb ero, oHa Ayua ero; noroMy .fl crca:a-q cbrHaM l,l:panleru;vr:
He
eIUbre,KpoBI'I HH H3 KaKofo reJla, noroMy qro Ayrxa BcrrKoro re'Ia ecrL KpoBb ero: Bcnrcuil, r,io
6y4el ecr6 ee,
ncrpe6nrcr.
CL4, c.27I <AIr xopourero 3nopoBbt Halt Heo6xo4hMo r4Merb xoporilylo KpoBb, u6o npons ecrb rroroK xusnu. oga
Bo3Melrlaer norepH H nHTaer opraHH3M. Hac6ttqeuHas ueo6xoAll\4blyl4 nHTareJr6HbrMI4 BeudecrBaMr4, oquureHHat
H
o)KHBJIeHHafl qI4CTLIM BO3AyXOM, OHa HeceT )ICH3HL H 3HepfI4[O , BceM ;qaCT{M. LIeUOpl-&HH3M&; ,rytrue
trposoo6parqeHue, TeM ycneuHee 6yger esrnolHeHa ora pa6ora>.
. i . .' . , :

Kpons HMeer Baxctoe 3HarteHne g:r.a SyHrcrlraoHfipoBaHufl opranr,r3Ma. oHa nepegocar KHcJropoA, nqTareJrbH.bre
BelrlecrBa K TKaHtM, a or HI'lx yHocHT yr,rercuclrtfi m3 u npo4yKTbt ?Kt43HegerTeJl6.Hocrra, Hfpaer Baxgyro ponb
B
or uHSerqnoHHbrx :a6oresaHr.rfr
sarrll{Te opraHn3Ma .

Kponu - 3To xo4AKafl TKaHb. e roropofi pacrBopeHbl Tbrc.fir{r.i BetuecrB 14 nJlaBa}or MHJrJrr4oHbr x{r,rBbrx
QyHnquoHnpyrc[IHx KJIeroK. O6rcv KpoBH B3pocnoro rreJroBeKa 4-6 n, uro cocraBnqer 6-8% naacctr.rela (y gereft 8-
9%). Kpont na93-950/o cocrot4r H3 Bolbt.

@5zHruun KpoBfl:
. nr4raro[lar (rpo$ravecrar) $yHxr1r.u
. AbrxareJlruat (nepeuoc nuclopona)
. TpaHcnopruar (Hanpr4Mep,TpaHcnoprropuoHon)
. 3KcKperopnat (eugeln-rensHar)
. 3arrlt4THan(unanayHHar)
G nogep)KKa roMeocra3a (nocrorHcrro, paBHoBecze BHyrpeHHeft cpegrt)
. repMoperynHpyroruafi

Cocrae KpoBrr:
I) rrJra3Ma,
Z) $opnaeuHrre sJreMerlrbr.

1. fl.na:*ra - xcNAKas qacrb KpoBH.

' Coctoplt B ocHoBHoM H3 BoAbI (90-91 o/o),uro Aaer Bo3Moxnocru efiL{ pacrBopeHHrrM B Hefr eerqecreau
rlpoHl{Karb cKBo3b creHKH KaIIH.IInepoB. llosrouy KpoBb HenocpeAcTBeHHo cBr3aHa c oKono6neroqHoii
]KlznKocrblo, Koropa! oMbtnaer noBepxHocrb KJreroK. Tannu obpasona, nnTareJrbHble H
Apyrr4e BerqecrBa
MOryT llepeHocl,rrbcq oT rcrreTKH K K.neTKe r{epe3 nna3My KpoBH.
c 3a i uun 6olee 70%r ecero oOrqua rIJ,Ia3MbI o6ueHanaerc, BerrlecrBaMr{ c MexKJreroqHofi x(HAKocrr,ro.
r B ma-:nte pacrBopeHLr: 3reKrporurlt (rca,ruil, uarpuit, xalrquft, xJlop, xGJIe3o u r,g.), 6e.nxu, rJIIoKo3a, y,trpbr,
KI'ICJ]Op0A, fopMoHbt.

' flra3Ma, JrpIuIeHHas $u6pr,rHa (Sarrop cneprbrBaHr,rr npoen), Ha3brBaercr cunoporrofi.

Eolsuryro qacrb nna3Mbl cocraBJltlor 6e,rnu. KaNAslft rruTp nna3Mbr coAepxrar 65-80 r ilporer,{Ha (6e:rna).
Ecrs 2 rn4a 6elnoe [ra3Mbr - a-rs6yvuusr u r,ro6ylr.rHsl.

I ) A,'rs6yh,tl'IHlr astpabarunalorcfl negeHblo: Alr6yuuHbr cocraB;rrrror 6o:rtruyrc vacrs (60%) ecex 6erron KpoBH.
. rrBJrflIorcrr nr4TareJrbHbrMpl BerqecrBaMl4 IJII rxasefi (ncrouHuru auuuoruc:ror);
r o6ecnequBalor oHKoruqecKoe AaBJIeHlre, Koropoe yAepxoEBaer KpoBb B cocyAax H He Aaer eft srnexars e
TKaHU Iz [ponl4TblBarb rulerKl,I; ecJIl,I B KpoBr{ He Aocraer alroyvuuoe, Bo3HI,tKaer oreK Bcex rrcageil
opraHr43Ma (il'lnrelsuoe 6es6erKoeoe rologaHue);
BbIrIoJIHrIlor rpaHcnoprHylo ponL, nepeHocr Ha ce6e 6unupy6uH, xupuue KprcJrorbr, r{yx(epoAHbre BerrlecrBa
'
(neuuqumuH, cylr$aHralaMuAbr, pryrr) u 4p.
2) ho6vrxsrr:
. BlrnoJiHslor ponb aHrnrel (rauva-mo6yluusl) n 6opr6e c uH$exqueft; ,

e HeKoroPbIe H3 H!{x rIpHHHMaIor yqacrne n o6pa:oeaur.rn crycrKoB KpoBH (nporporur6r,rH,

$ra6puHoreH)rn
Me-crax'noBpex(AeHHt rxauefi; $ra6pl,IHorcH tBrqercr p,acrBopHMbrM npeA[recreeHr{Hrbl,r
$u6pnua, rcoropufi
HepacrBopHttt'(nunagaer B BHAe nureft),lr yqacrByer'B oCraHosrce KpoBoreqeHHq; ' :

5:6
 MMIII (I-IAIII AOM, QVBVAJIO|I,Ifl qE/IOBEKA
. a,rr$a-r:ro6y,ruHrt BbrnorHqlorrpaHcnoprgyro pont (rpaucnoprnpylor xorecrepnH H3 KpoBH B rleqeHb,
nepeHoctT THpoKcHll, BHTar,lHH 812, rcOpru:o,r):
r 6eta-mo6y.'ptHst rpaHcnoprr4pyror )Knpbr. rronHcaxapr4Abr, xeJ.re3o, Merb.

3ria.{I4rertHylo-:gacr6 nJIa3Mbr cocraBJTIror pacrBopeHHbre e Hefi HeopraHmqecrc}re seil{ecrea: Harpuft, xrop, xannfi,
rca"'lrquii. 3rn eeulecrna co34alor ocMornr{ecKoe IaBleHHe KpoBH (s Hoprae 7 ,3 a'rv). /fnr Hoptra-ltHofi
)Kt{3HeaetreJlbHocru KJIeroK opraHH3Ma Heo6xoifl.ruo onpelereHlroe coorHouleHI4e HoHoB.
Pacrnopst, ocMoruqecKoe AaBneHI{e Koropi,IX TaKoe )Ke, KaK y nna3Mbr KpoBH, Ha3brBaror H3oroHuqecKIt M14, pacrBopbl
c 6olrurntr,l .qaBneHHeM - fHneproIlHqecKHMLI? c MeHLTTIHM - fhtioroH{,IqecKHMa. :

2. @opmenubre 3JreMeHTbr KpoBH (44Yo o6'seva):

l) spr4rpout{rbr (KpacHbte KpoBrHbte relsqa),
2) :refircoqlrrrr (6entie KpoBfiHbre reritqa),
3) rpon6ouurul.

3purpounru.
3ro cavsie MHoforIHcreHHbIe KJierKH KpoBr.r. V vyxvlru I rr,rml icposn co71ep)KuT 5,1 ;r,rnri., a y )KeHuIHH - 4,6 vtu.
spr4TpouHToB.
@ynrqun - nepeHoc KncJlopora K KTerKaM H TpaHcropr yrJleKncirofo fa3a or KJreroK.

OcHosLruN4 KoMno He HTo M 3 plrrpo rtl4ror (xponae eogu) xn:rretct reuo rno6 un.
3 3To Beulec'rBo (xe,re:ocogepxaulrafi 6enoic) fipnAaer 3pr4TporlHTana npacuuft qeer;
. HMeHHo c rellor,'io6l4Hcina ceg:rteaercq Kl4cnopoA;
o cBs3b KHcnopoAa c rentomodlluonr necrofrKas H pa3pylllaerc.q Bcero qepe3 HecKoj-rbKo MnHyr; Ha
$oHe
:a6oreeaHnfi-KpoBb npuo6peraer MHoro KlrcJibrx paAhKanoB (aqra4o:), H 3To 4enaer cBfi3b reMorJro6uua
]4 Kr4cnopoAa errle MeHee npouHofi,
B orJiHr{ue or KHcnopoAa, yrapHblfr ra: (CO)
" - npo.qyKT HenorHoro cfopaHplr opraHr4r{ecKHx Belrlect'B,
co3Aaer oqess croilxylo cBr3b c renor,ro6nuora (uecno:uro vacos);
e KorAa KpoBb, HacbtuleHHafl yrneKI4cJIbrM fa3oM u beAsax Kr{cnopoAoM, IrpoxoAi{T r{epe3 jrerKr.{e, KHcJropoA,
roropltfi MbI BAoxHynH, JIerKo npucoe.qprH{erc.s K reuonro6prny 3pnrpoqm-oB, H oHlt orAa}or ymexnelrd
ra:, notopsril Mbt BbrAbrxaeM;
e KpoBb, HacbIIqeHHas KHcnopoAorr,r (aprepnanuuar), nHreer rpKo-KpacHbrfi qser, a HacbriqeHHat
yrneKr4cJILrM ra:ou (eeHo:Hax) - TeMHo-BHuIHeBaq.

l ro 00p\,1e:
. 3pHTpOIdHTbr HanoMllHalor ABoqKoaoruryrrtff 4ucx;
t B orJll{que or ApyrHX ruIeroK, He uMe}oT xgpa. Tarcax $oprrla 3pr4TporluToB yBenr4qi{BaeT nnoqa,qb ux
noBepxHocru, AaBafl Bo3Mo)KHocrb npucoeAl{Hltrr,cq 6orrueMy KonurrecrBy KucnopoIa;
3 I'IX KJleroqHaf uent6paHa oqeHb 3JIacrHr{Ha, 3a cr{er 3Tofo oHH MoryT Mentrb $opruy: BbrrqrprBarbcr,
cnJlrculnBarbct H T.A. 3ra cnoco6Hocrb Aaer uM Bo3Mo)KHocrb lrporhcKl4Barbct qepe3 Meflbrr afiwne
KarIHIJltpbi r4 AOcTaBJIflTb Kr4CltOpOA HenocpeAcTBeHHo K xjreTKaM.

Bltpa6arltealorcr 3pl4Tpor-lnrbr. HaqI,IHar c nepBbrx 4Heii nocre 3ava;:Vl. B reqeHne nepgbrx rpex MecflueB pa3Br4Tprfl
IInoAa I4x co3AaHI4e HAer B ner{eHI,I I4 B MeHbIUefr naepe B ceJIe3eHKe. Tolrxo no prcreqeH1,1e 11Iecrp1 Mecrr]eB oHi4
HarlfiHalor estpa6arrnarbct KpacHbIM KocrHbtM Mo3roM, n 3Tor npoUecc npoAon)Kaercfl Ha nporfl)KeHgg eceft xprsHrr.

n,rr o6pa^:osaHHs 3pl4TpouHToB opfaHH3My Heo6xoAuvri cneAylourue Be[iecrBa:

. x€Jre3o (ocHoeHoft KoMnoneHr reuomo6uua),
o Br.rr?Mr4H Brz,
. $o,ruesa_r KHcJrora,
.
6erKH.
3a oAnY MnHyry o6pa:yercs 160X106 rprarpour.lroB (3a I cex. - 2 ra,rx.). I,1: rocrsoro Mo3ra B KpoBoroK nocrynarcr
elre He3penble 3pplrpoi-il,lTbl - perl{Kyirorluru (e HopMe ux 0,5-10% ecex 3pr4Tpoqr,{Ton),'xoroprre co BpeMeHeM
co3peBarcT B [ojlHor]eHHbre.3p].rTpour4Tbt. ,'
Cruuylltpyrouuu $axropoM AiIs c6pa:onaHltq 3pnrporrr4roB'rBirqercr rurroKcus (uegocrarorc rcr,rcnopoga) rxalieft.
Ha :rov $oHe novnn BllAertlor B KpoBb fopMoH 3pHTpono3THH. Koropbrfr uenocpe4crBeHHo H crrrrMyrlfipyer
<'7
 MMIII'(EIAru AOM> OI43I4O JlOtI4fr I{EIOBEKA
npacurtfr rcocrnulil M03r K rrrpa6orxe 3pr4Tpor{.a..Iog. Eo,lee crra6lrvr,r crgMyJ.l2pyroultrMt4 ropMoHarM14
flBJ,trrorc,
aHrlpofel.lbl (no3ToMy y MyxsHH ypoBeHb revoriro6uHa a;tute), rupoKcr4H 14 coMarorponuu (lopvoH pocra).

upeaFl'flr nponorxuTenbHocrl xfi:tin 3purpolil{ros 120 aneii. flecrapeeuue, noBpexqeHHbre

H r43HoueHHbre KrerKr4
pa3pylxalorcq B ceire3eHKe, a HX cocraBHble (xe,re:o, 6e.nox) r4ryr Ha nocrpoeHHe
HoBbrx 3pr.{Tporll.{Tou. ,3a ogny
MHHyry pa3pyr[aercn 17l0Xl 06 epr,rrpoquroB.
,: : ! :

Cxopocm ocelauuq somoouuros (Co3). VAelrHan Macca 3pr.rrporluTos 6o,qrue yAenrHoii

Maccbr nJra3Mbr, rro3ToMy
e npo6nprce c KpoBbIo, lnureggoft cnoco6Hocru cBeprr,rBar""o, o"t MeAneHHo oceAalor Ha
rHo. v :4opoeoro
Myx${HHblCO3 3-6 MM 3a nepaltfi .uac) a y )KeHiqHH -.8-10 ulr. Ha'$oHe uocna,tnTejrb-Hrrx :a6oreBar,rHh, npm
o[yxoneBoM npoLlecce CO3 ycxoprercr.

fDynntr KposH .{eroseKa:

B rponu KaxAoro seJIoBeKa Ha noBepxHocrn 3puTpo[r,troB coAep)Kr.{Tcflkrlpr4Br4gyallHrlft Ha6op cnequsl.ruecxux
aHTI4reHoB (HacqHTblBaerct oKoJIo 400). A B nJIa3Me KpoBtl ecrr cnequ$H.qeQKr.{e
aHTraTeJra. llooronay, ecJrr4 cMe[rarr>
KpoBb pa3Hblx :lnAeft, To aHTHTeJIa oAHofo r{eJIOBeKa I'{ SpHTpoIII4TapHbIe aHTI4reHbI
Apyroro coeAHHtTcr,H o6pa3yroT
KoMfitleKc aHTHreH-aHTI4Tero. B pe:y:rtra'r e 3Toro spnTpor-iuTbr ,cn?rnHyrcr, Tq
lecrb npousoft4er oceAaHHe
3ptffpoqnToB, a 3HaLrHT, oHH He cMoryT BbllloJtHrrb caou
$yuru1r{u;.tr{MeHHo no3ToMy, npexle qeM nepeJTHTb KpoBb
unu ee cocraBHble qacrH or oAHoro qenoBeKa K ApyfoMy, onpeAenffor rpyn[y KpoBr4 o6oux.
MoxHo nepenr{Barb
KpoBb TonBKo coBeprueHHo 0ALIHaKOByIO
Bruersrcr raKHe ocHoBHbie fpynnrr KpoBrr: I, II, III, IV, a raxxce pe3yc (+) 14 pe3yc (-)).

flp3 rcruvecxoe ilprrMeHe rrr{e 3rranr{fr o6 :purpo qrrrax

Ycaoens :4oponofi KpoBr{:
l) fluraHne:
o fiuera c BLrcoKvrM coAep)KaHHeM xnpa:
{ cnoco6creyer cilHnaHl{rc 3ptmporluToB, rrro yMeHbuaer nnoulaAb I,rx noBepxHocrr4" cnoco6sofi
npHco eAr.{HHTr KHCJTOpOA ;
'/ crHnulHecs 3pt'ITpotlHTbI He NIoryT csodoAuo MeHsrb
Sopr"ly H npoHr{Karb cKBo3b npocBer KangnnrpoB -
HapyuaeTcc rlhpKynrrlHfl KpoBH.
c Ocrprre rrpanpaBbr H Ap.
o3li,c.345 <<rlprHocrn, cJIa.qKI,e cAo6srte napox*r4, ocrpbre rrpnnpaBbr, coJreHbr, Mapr4HaAbr H Mrco
He Mofyr
enoco6crnoBarb roMy, qro6tt KpoB€TBopHbIe opraHLr nlrpa6arura-lu xopomyrc, 3AopoBylo KpoBb).
r ButantlH 812, $onueBat KHcJIora I{ x(ene3o ueo6xoAnnrrr AJr{ co3raHur 3pr.rrporlgToB:
'/ $olneeax KHcJIora coAepxl4rcq Bo Bcex pacrr{TenEHbrx npogyKTax u ocodeH}ro B 3epHoBbrx;
/ xteJle3oM 6orarsl lSlonu, MopKoBb, cBeKrra, 3ergl{bre JlprproBble oBol{u H Bc{
3erleHb, rpaHa!
fper{Ka, MqcHLte npoAyKTbr.
03fI' c'91 <r{ro6u HMerL Xopouee 3AopoBbe, Mbr AoJr}KHbr hMerb xopoury}o KpoBb; n6o rcponr ecrr, }KHBHreJrbHat
xl4AKocrb. Oua eo:naerqaer Bce rlorep.flHHoe n nnTaer opfaHH3M. Hacstqeuuaq ueo6xoaraNr5IMH
nlirareJlbHbrMn
BeIIIeCTBaMI'I' OriHUIeHHag I'I OXHBIeHHa.fl KI4CIOpOAOM, KpOBb HeCeT x(H3Hb L{
SHeprI4IO XaXIOii qagTrz OpraHI43Ma.
n:llttltPosog6paureHl'te, reM nyrrue 6yAer nsrno,rn."u rtu pa6oru.
l:y
Cr4, c'302 <Cxyguax, AypHo npnroroBtieHHaq nuula nopruT KpoBb, ocra6rss KpoBerBopHbre
opraHbr)).

2) Bos4epxaHue:
,t , Alxoroll Bbl3btBaer cJIHnaHI,Ie 3pHTpoIIHToB, yMeHburat nnoulaAb KoHTaKTa c Kr.rcnopoAoM H Hapy1lIas
MHKpoUnpKyJrrru4lo.
r 'l-a6an:
{ yrapHsrft fa3 H3 ra6aqgoro rblMa cBq3r'rBaercr c reuomo6r.IHoM BMecro Kl,Icnopo.qa, nos1oMy
K
TKaH.SM He rrpHXoAHT AOCTaTOqHO KHCJTOpOAa;
'/ B cocraBe KpoBI'I B HopMe coAep)KaHr,re xap6oncureuomo6nHa (reuorno6uH + yrapngfi ras) lyo; y
KyprznbrquKoB B KoHU,e AHr oH cocraanser 20aA.

CorHeqJ{rtfi cBer crnMyntipye" urtpa6orxy rureroK

1]
4) Csexufi Bo3Ayx: :
KpoB14 n yBgnur{HBaer coAep}KaHne'KHcJlopoAa n Hefi.

y' :alor AocrarorrHofo nocryfineHr.rfl KucJropoAa B KpoBb; :

58
 , MMru (HAIII AOM> QI4SI4OJIO| t4fl I{EIOBEKA
'': I v Ha'Aopofaxc HHTeHCHBHLIM aBToABl4)KeHr4eM KoHI{eHTpaur4r yrapHoro ra:a (CO) TaKafl xe, KaK B uraxre,
npt4 3TOM.uJaXTepbt OIeBarOTAbtXaTeILHble annapaTbt. ., j j , ,j:,
cLr' c'272 <<Yro6sl l4Merb xopouyrc KpoBb. *0,
4onr*n"r npaBHJTbHo Abrrrrarb. flo:rHrrfr. my6ornii BAox r{ilcrofo
Bo3Ayxa, Hafior-IHttou]tzfi'lerrclae KI'tcJlopoAoM, otit{u]aer
KpoBr. Kucropo4 npuAaer KpoBH npxvt{t r,Ber 14 Hanpa'rrer
)KHBorBopHbdt noron Ko BceM opfaHaM TeJra)).
ctr4' c'274 <Msorue *tnu1'n"i 6le4utt u ocla6:re'br HMeHHo
noroMy, qro creranu ce6r y:Hrqanan noueu{euud.
ogu cHoBa H cHoBa AbiIIIar orHI'IM I'{" TeM xe Bo3ryxoM?
nepeHacr,Iqe'HblM flroBarblMr.{ BerrIecTBaMH,
nu6pacstnaeMblMl4 rerKI'{MH H BbIAeJIteMhIMH nopaMa,
H Heqkcrorbr raKHM o6pa:ovr nocrynaFor o6paruo
B KpoBL).

st.:uqecnne ynpu,KHeHH.s.ycHnr4Baror asrcro6oxc.qeHHe KHcnopora

l]
6) 3arnuyeuraiic{ crpecc, Aeilpeccur ycHr,Baror pa3pyiireH'e
3purpori'raM14.
KJreroK KpoBrr 14 3aMerurs}or Hx Hosoo6pa3oBaHue.

JIefixoqursl.
"/ o6iqee KoJruqecrBo lefircoquron y 3lopoBoro qerroBeKa
cocraBJrfier 4- i 0 rucxq :refiKouizros s I [axn KpoBr.r;
. ,/ 6orsura.q qacrs leftxorlr4roB (6onrrue 50%) HaXOAtTCt,3a
npellenaMH COcyAhcTOfo pycfla, B Me)rffr.reToqHoM
npocTpaHCTBe;
'/ lefinoqnrrt no pa3Mepy 6olrue 3pl4TpoqrzToB r4 HMeror H€cKorL,Ko pa:rionra4uocreil.
' '/ Bce BHA'I .fiefiKout'ros sr,rpa6arrraarorcs B KpacHoM
KocrHoM Mo3re,

QyHnuuil .reffxouaror:
. pa3pyiuaror6o,teguerBopHbre MHKpoopraHu3Mbr;
3 oalplqarcT KpoBb or pa3pyrleHHblx KJIeroK, MeprBbrx
MHKpoopfaHH3MoB u r.r,.;
3 CO3natoT HMMyHLrTeT;
. IIpOH3BOAST noJ'te3Hbte BeuIecTBa.

Bunrr lefrrouuroe:
1 . flo,rr.rnaop$ulre :refi roquru (=rpauyroqnru) (50_7 0% scex,reilxoquron)
'/ uefrrpo$ielrt - -
:

50-7TYo (+iroqeiltr nornouaror r4 nepeBap!{Baror riyxepoAHbre

rcrerK' H Ap.);
6a^:oSu:ru (nrrceo6oxc,4eulle mcranluHa).
2. !MoHoilaru (rnaHenue $aroqnrri).
3. JIrznl$orlrrsr (nupa6arsrBarcT aHTHTeJra, 3arroM14 Haror aHrnreHrr).
a) Hefi rpo$ uasr {<<n exo-l-uH r1r,r>>) :
e croGorgo ffiaBalor B riJIa3Me, rar 6u (cKari'py' ee cocraB, B'rcMarpHBas qy)KepoAHbre
Ic,rerKH,
pa3pyrxeHHble KJ.rerKr4 co6crgeuHof.o opfaHI43M
a n Ap. ;
' )I.uByr onolo 2-3 4Hefi, Ho Ha
$oue 6ops6u c raH$ercqueil rax npo4o,,nK'Terr,Hoerb )rs{3HH co1pauraerc x go z-
3 vacoe;

' BpeMt npe6rtsaullr Izx B KpoBt4 ecero 6-8 qacoB.

3areM oHr4 nepexoAqr B TKaHH;
' oKo'lo 5002 ecex HeErpo$n'roB He pa3Hoc flTcfr c roKoM
KpoBr4, a xax 6sr (rrpi,rJl,fiarcT) K creHKaM cocyAoB
3To npHcreHor{Hble :reftroqurrt. oHpr uo6una:yrorcx ,
napa*o4rt
-
o6irllrh KpoBoroK 11o' Mepe
neodxogrznro cru (crpe cc. nH$erqux, Brrr_qHr.re
ropnao Hou ) ; "
' B cnyllae nonaAaHHt 6o:re:HereopHblx MHKpo6oe e opfaHr{3M,
oHr.r ycrpeMJrr}orcr K oriary uH$ercqlrn,
3axBar'IBaror ulttrpo6H, (npornarbrBaror)) 14 (ilepeBap'Balor)
HX;
' naxArtfi u: leilroqntcin naoNer y6ur,5-20 rr,rrzxpo6os a
:arela noru6aer, ruofr, noropsrii crann,uaerc, B
ouare uu$errr'H, B ocH.BH'M cocro!{T rzs norr46[]ux
n 60pr6e ueftrposranor;

6) Molroqnrr l (rvranpoQarn):
r pa6orarorno.4o6so Hefrrpo$ranav;
. fro <soficKa cneunanbHofo Ha3HaqeHHr);
. cocTaBJI'|tor 4-8Yo ncex leilroqnron:
t nocJle 2-j AaP4 npe6unaHux B KpoBH fiepeMe,,IarcTcr B TKaHr.{, TaM oHH pacryr H npeBparqarorc,
(HaltannnearoilirasocoN'{rl u MHroxoHApHr.{) ;
r;;;;; ruaxpo$aru (rucrnoqmrr), Hexoropbre r.rs HHX
HaxoAflTct raM nocrotHHo' a HeKoropble [epeMeqarcTct
o ryAa TonbKo Ha MoMeHT cpaxeHar;
narcpo$aru nocroflHHo HaxoArrcrr Me)KAy rc'rer*N4, -ner{eHr.{,
nnna$aruvecKHX y3nax H cetre3eHKe, KocrHoM Mo3re;
a raKxe ;*'o; ;;Beor.r rerKr4x, B

59
 MMlll (HAIII AOM) @W3VAilAfIAfi TIEIOBEKA
r :(Mtll'PHPyrou-lHMI4 iraaxpo$aravl4)) Ha3brBaror MoHoUr4Tbr, nraBalouI{e B.KpoBH, i

. [po/f,oJIXpITe.i-IbHOCTb NCH3HH UarCpOQarOe - Mecttlbt I4JIH Aa)Ke f0i]bt. '.,

I ":: !' r" ', -

: I l' 'r . :- .

(DyHKuHu naaKpoSaroe:

' Ilolrolqalor nanrpo6rt, KJrteror{Hble qacrni]Ll, nbuiHHKH. y,qanfi}or ocrarKu opraHnvecxnx BeruecrB,
flBJItIoIrIHXct pe3y;IbraroM paspyluarcuero Aeftcrsra.fi 6amepui; HX Ha3blBaror <o6xopauu)), TaK KaK oHpr
MoryT nofftorriarb 6olruroe Ko;rr{qe crBo BpeAHbrx r{acrnu;
' orpaHHqnBalor co6ofi oqar BocnareHnl BoKpyr rex l4HopoAHbrx re.rt, Koropbre HeBo3MoxHo pa3pyrrruTb
Sepveurannn

Mexanngr4 rr eo fi Hrr Heft rpo d ra,ro s r,r r\,rakpo da ro s :

. AI'IaneAee : HeirrpoSrubl H MoHoIIurbI MoryT nporHcKr,rBarbcr cKBo3b noptr xpoueHoCHr,rx cocyAoB; :

. xeMoraKcuc: naunpo6sl 14 BocIItL'IeHHLIe rKaHH surcso6ox'[aror BerqecrBa, Koropble npu'd:rercaror.uefixoquror

eovar,un$eicqun; : ':' ,,1
. aHTHTera 'npaxleltsalorcfi' rc uarpo6au :r-raKHM o6pa:ona Aenaror ux 6olee ys3BHMbrMI4 gll lefixoqurar;
r $aroqnros: reftroqurLr norJroularor murcpo6ou; .

. noirHoe $epuerrrarnBHoe nepeBaphBaHHe ecex qacrefi nauxpo6oe.

n) 3o:unoSunu (1-4o/n): :

r' uablrogaerct cyroqHoe nole6anue KoJIHlrecrBa eo:uuoSuloB: B ttonreHb wxua30Yo 6olsue cperHero
noIHOr{H H paHO yTpoM - na 200/o MeHbIUe cpeAHero;
KOIiHT{eCTBa, a K
'/ KoJIHqecrBo so:uHoQnloB Bo3pacraer ua $oue alneprn.recroft pearcguv! rnncrsoii prlBa3r4t4, ayrouMMyHHbrx
:a6oreeaHr,rfi.

@yHrcuun:
. yHHr{To)KeHI4e napa3nToB: oHr{ IrpuKpeil.,rrfl}orcrr K MHKpo6soil t<,rerxe a Br}r.qer{}or BeulecrBa, pa3pyruarcque
vunpo6os. I
. 3arrylJrarcr Aefrcrnne rncraMhHa (rucramnu o6pa:yercn B npoqecce 6opr6sr aHTr4Te-n opraHrz3Ma c
HHopoAHbIMu oelrcanau - aHTI4feHaMpl, ecrrr efo cnHurKoM MHoro, To Bo3HHKaer a;fireprHrrecxar peanqnr).

r) Ea:oQu.rru (0,5-17o):
. B KpoBu qnpKyJrripylor oKorro i2 uacoa;
.KoJII,IqecTBoBo3pacTaeTI]ocnenpI4eMaxapHoftnlIE-IH.

@ysnunu:
. crurMyJrl{py}or Boctltu-rurelrustft npoqecc, BbIAeJrfls flacraMhH, xoroptrfi: l
./ ycI{JIHBaer KpoBoroK,
'/ npnBJleKaer:reftrcoqnrrt B oqar Bocn,uleHHr )
'/ crplMynllpyer nepepacilpeAeJreHlre refixoquron H3 KpoBr.r B noBpexneuHbre rKaHlr )
,/ B6r3blBaer 3ylrlrlyrc cbrnb H r.rHorAa crra3M 6pouxon.
. BlIAeJIflIor renapuH, noropufi He Aaer KpoBlr o6pasonusarb crycrKr4 BHyrpH cocyAoB.

,{exrelsuocrb noJll{Mop$Horgepunrx nefixoqrroB Ia MoHorlrrroB nporr4B 6ore:Hereopuux 6arrepnfi,Ha:rrnaercn

Bocnzull4TeJlruofi pearqueft, .|aK KaK BocnaneHr4e tBrrercq orBeroM opraHH3Ma Ha noBpex(AeHHe HaJroKaJIbHoM

.'
A) Jluu$oqurw (25-40o/o, a y Aerefi 50o/o\z .

. Bce mau$oqursr o6pa:ymrcs B KpacHoM KocrHoM Mo3re rrJrocKnx lcocreft; :

. t4x co3peBaHl{e npoHCxoALIT B pa3Hblx OpraHaX UUtr,ryHHofi cr4cTeMbr. r{acrt pI3 HI4x co3peBaeT B THMyce,
raKx(e r numdoy:lax H cere3eHKe;
. llttu$ol.IAHa;{ TKaHb ecrb B anneHAr4Kce, noAB3AourHoft xnurne; unHAallaiiax,'co3gaBaf,,'Taxurr,r O6pa:olr,
3atqttrqbLe 6aprepsr opraHu3Ma; . , ,: '
. . fiBrrrorCfl cnequsuuecKvrMr4 rirerKaMH HMMyHHofi cucrevrr. ' :

. AeflTeJlruocru ;lxlt$oIII4ToB,nporrlB MHKpoopmHH3MoB H Apyrux BeulecrB Ha3brBaercq uvvyuuofi: peaxqneft;

60
 MMI[I (HAIII AOM" Ol{3140ilAfyIfl [{E/IOBEKA
. e 6ops6e c MHKpoopraHH3Mar,rH, .'ruvSoqnrsl nupa6arrrealor aHT"Te.rra. aHTr4ToKri4Hbr H Ap. BeulecrBa.
rroMoraloulue oprann3My Bbt)Kt4Tb n 6opr6e c nH$exqueil; . ,:
. flpo.aonxr4TeJrbHocrh )KH3HH ,rnv$oqnroB B cpetrHeM 200 aHefi.

Barrr raila$ounros:
L,' B-lun$oqu'rnr,
ll. I -rr4MoOuHTbr.

Tnov6ounrur (=rponanue nlacruHrn) :

r 3To treltqaitune KJrerKH opraHrcMa;
. o.qprH Mplrponr4rp KpoBH coAepxr4r oKono i 50-300 rsrc. rpou6oqliloB;
. pa3Mep fionepeqHofo cer{eHI,Ifl oAHoft rarofi Kqerxr4 paBeH npu6nneurenbHo rpeM MHKpoHaM (ograH nrrarpou -
oAHa rbrcrrr{H afl Aonfl unllaverpa);
. o6pa:yrorcq B KpacHoM KocrHoM Mo3re ffyreM oruleflJreHnq ux or 6onruux KJreroK - MeraxapuorlxToB, H3
raxAofi ranofi uerxa o6pa"ryercr oKoJro 1000 rpona6oqnroB;
. crr,rMyJrr.{pyer HX sulpa6orry rpou6onoeruH - ropMoH noqeK;
. B KpoBH rpou6oqiarrr )KHByr 5-11 ,qsefi 14 pa3pyuarorcrr B ileqeHlr, rrerKr4x, cereseuKe;
. ruraBas B noroKe KpoBr{, rpou6oquru Hear{rr{BHbU
o aKTfiBaIInr ux SyHnqnfi nacrynaer npH rroBpexqqeHHrr creHKH cocyAoB H KoHTaKTe r4x c rroBpexqenuofi
IIOBepxHoCTbrc, npH 3aMeAneHr{i4 ToKa KpoBr4, noBbr[reHr.In Bq3KocTr4 KpoBr.{;
. B HeaKTneuofi csoefi $opme rpou6oqnrsr i.rMelor oKpyrnylo $op*y, a B aKTHBHoM cocrorHan npno6peraror
uIanoBHAH;Ie Bblcrynbl Ha iloEepxHocrr,r uern6paHr,r, KoropLre pr noMorarcT HM npuKpenJlrrrbcfi K
noBpe)KAeHHofi noeepxHo cru.

Oyuxuun rpoM6ounroe:
co3.qaHHe cry cTKo B Kpo Bt4 A_nt o cTaHo BKt4 Kpo RoTeqeHr,rr;
e nr4TaHue 3HAoTenHr cocyAoB;
b 4frt'f*t!&frelan& vLfe?-QL{!p*1duv"a ,zoSgeryutr*# r>cn*#.e$ (Ebtoco&aqlffLLLt& $*lcnapo€ p,:r;ra-}-
TpLt uexann:Ma ocraHosxh rcpoeoreqeHrr.s:
1. Cnasra cocyAoB (na:oroHcrpaxqur) -ilpprocraHaBJruBaer npr,rroK KpoBH K Mecry rroBpex,qeHr.rfl.
2. Tpou6oqmapHuft cfycroK - rpon6oqnrbr cKJreplBaiorcx, o6pa:yx ceoeo6pa:nyio (npo6Ky> Ha BbrxoAe ri3
cocyAa.
3. KoarylrqH{ KpoBH - SopruupoeaHxe crycrKa KpoB}t, nepeKphrBa}oqero roK KpoBr4.

OopnaHpoeaHHe rpoN,r6ourrapHoro crycrKa:

. HopManbHr,re KpoBeHocHbre cocyAbr or{eHb DraAKHe H3HyTpH;

' noBpe)KAeHHe cocyAoB oroJlxer I4x KoilnareH, roroprtfr r,rMeer HepoBHyro noBepxHocrb; Ha 3TH HepoBHocrr{
Hanunalor rpou6oqursl H HaKarlnr{Balorc.{ B Mecre noBpex,{eHrrr; HeKoropbre HHX ilpH 3ToM
no BpexAaror ct urn pa3py[aroTcfl ; 'r3

" noBpexAeHHble rpou6oqurrt nstceo6ox.4arcT KHMHqecKHe BeIIIecrBa, Koropbie npuBneKalor HoBbIe

r-pona6oqrzrtr B 3ry 3oHy;

' ,ItraKon_JIeHHe cnnnllJrlxcr rpouSoquroa $opruriapyer rpona6orluTapHyro <npo6rcy>, nepeKpbrBaroqyrc cocyA.

Oopir,tlrposaHr4e rcpoesHoro crycrKa:

B sroM npoqecce npuHuMalor yqacrue cnequ$nuecKne BeulecrBa KpoBpr:
o Qarcropu cBeprbtBaHt4r KpoBH,
r $u6pnHoreH.
o $opueHHbre sJieMeHTbl KpoBH. :. :

Arrunaqug rpou6oqnroB npLIBoAI..{r t< o6pa:oeauurc rpou6uHa ra Sra6praua. llo4 eosgeftc.rsr4eM $rz6praua KpoBb
npeBpailIaeTcfl H3 NCTzAKocTH B CTyAeHUCTyTO MaCCy.
gepe: HecKoJIbKo qacoB BoJIoKHa $n6pr,rua clKHMarcTcfl, (BbrAaBJrHBafl) H3 KoMKa HHToK
$r.r6pr,rua cbrBoporKy.
Tpov6oqrarrt noltorabi yurorHnTb <xly6or> - ero perpaxuus crycT$a. 3a cqer perpaKqr4r4 crycrKa HarqruBalorcfi
Kpat noBpexIeHHofo cocyAa, 0HI,I craHoBflrcq 6.[Hxe Apyr Ko Apyry H 3ailaHBa]orcfl coeA]4H,fiTeJrbHofirTKaHb]o. '

61
 , : r MMIII: (HAru AoMu @I4gt\orrofvIfr .{,E/{OBEKA
OrrpeEe;rerrun:
Tpo:ra6'- He)KeraretbHoe o6pa:osaHl4e KpoBtHoro crycrKa B
'npocBere cocyla, r4Hor.aa.Aaxe He11oBpe)Kl]eHnoro. 3ru
rpolt6rr ;vloryi Bbl3blBarl BHe3atIHyIo cMeprb, nepeKpbrBafl npHToK KpoBH K )KH3HeHH6 BaxHbrM
opraraM -,Mo3rv.
JrefKHM, cepAuy 14 Ip.
Tpona6or - cocroflHue, KorAa rponr6 nepeKpbrnaer npocBer cocyra. :.,::
rcoropstfi.oropBarct or cr€HKH:co cyila fi ceo6o4uo nepeMeu{aercr c ronoM nporn.r,Ec,-la
3j9-"j;:1"v6,
rpoMo nepeKpblBaer [pocBer co'cyAoB, raxbe cocrosHp{e Ha3BIBam'rponr6osM6olrr.refi.
Rlasarculufr
3u6oloM farlx(e Ha36rBaror
mo6rle qacrHl{bl, He cnoftclnel{Hble .&rlt HopManhgofo cocraBa KpoBH, rlrrpKyJ{Hpyroul}re
B npocBere aocy4on. 3ro
MoryT 6rnr nysrlpbKll Bo3Ayxa, KaIrJiM )Kl4pavnv.yacrnqr,r MfirKi,IX
TICaHeft, onolonnolHbte BoAbr 14 Ap:
3*r6oruq * cocrorHr{e, Koropou :na6or nepeKpbrBaer npocBer cocyAa.
''pr4
flpanluqecKoe [pI{MeHeHne s'aunfi o.rpomdoqurax ,
Oanropsr, Hapyrrramu1ne ' cBeprbrBaxne KpoBlr i ,r ,. : :::
,,
l. fluraune:
r Msco,yserPiqHBaer qlzc-[o rpona6oqnroB E.KpoBpr u cnoco6creyer]HexeJraTeJrrnorvry.o6pa:oraHurcrlpor'ldon.
t Xupsr: 'pacrl{TeilbHble xlapbt yMeI{bIIraIor He)KerrareJrbHoe o6pa:onaHne rpoir,r6oe, a xnnorHbre
yBeIHrIHBanT. -
/ ,rtuuoJleeas, )KUp.Has. Kr4cJIOTa i- [OMOfaeT nOAAepXr4BaTb paBHOMepHUft rOf KpoBH; I4cTOrlHI4Kl4: COs,
'.'-..IIeJIbHbIe3epHoBBIe;3eneHbIffIIepeq,xapro$enr,r6ltoru;.
'. / nuvoneHoBaf, )rupHar KHcJroTa
{ - crHMyJtHpyer eupa6orny npocraIlHKJII,IHa, xnMnqecKoro BeurecrBa refircoqnron, nolopurfi
npeAorBpalqaer He)KeIareJIbHoe o6pa-:oeauue rpolt6on, pIcroqHlIKH: cor, 3ereHble
JlgcroBbre oBolqr.r,
r6lorn;
\/ oJrHBKoBoe MacJro crr.rMyJrapyer arrpa6orxy fipocTau'rcr'Ha;
-
'/' 'HacItIUreHHbIe xHpLI - yrHeralor rtpa6orxy [pocraqnrurvHau crt4rynr{py}or
nupa6orxy rpona6oi<cana
,42, KOTOpbrfi ycHJrHBaeT cBepTLrBaHr4e KpoBr{:
'/ xoJlecrepuH - yctlnttBaer Hex(eJ'IareilbHylo cBeprblBaeMocrb KpoBH; xonecrepr,rH npr.rKpenJlrercs
K
creHKaM cocyAoB, o6pa:yr 6lrurrcu; 6lsruxu co3Aalor HepoBHocrl,r Ha noBepxHocru
cocyroB aHasrv. 1
HepoBHocrlt HiarrnaFor rpona6oqnru\ j

{ xoJlecrepHH TaruI(e cHpl)Kaer espa6orxy npocrarrr{xJr mta v ycvurunaer nrrpaoorry

rpou6oxc aua A2,
c Hecsorc H nyK:
,/ yMeHbrrraror pucx rporr6oo6pa:onaHnn;
'/ oHlI AeJIaIor 3plrrpoqprrbl 6olee cKo.rrb3KLIMpr r{, TeM caMbrM, npensrcrByror HX crpInaHl4}o;
./ rrecHoK cHfi)Kaer coAeplKaHue
$lr6punoreHa B KpoBr,r.
r OaroxnMfl qecKlae BeIqecrBa cHuxaror Hex(eJlarenbHoe rpou6oo6pa^:oeaune,
o I{urpycoBble coAep)Kar $larouougu, Koropbre yrHera}or arrperarrn}o iiiou6oqraroe.
r Kpacslte, ro.ny6rte u $IEoleronrre $pyrrrr coAeplxar aHTorraaHvrHrr (rpacHsrii nurueHr),
ro.roprrft cHg;xaer
af perar{Hro rpou6oqu-ron.

2. @prguqecnue ynpaxHenur.
vuepeHuste ynpaxffieHllt cHl4xalor rpou6oo6pasoBaulre, a qpe3MepHbre ynpaxcHeHus, KaK r,r nx HeAocraroK,
ycHJrr4Baror rpou6oo6pasoBaHr4e.
MexaHHs[{sr cHrrxeHr4r rpou6oo6pasoBaHH, :
r cnoco6crBylor paBHoMepHoft n 6stcrpoft lrnpKyJ'lrr-tnr4 KpoBr4 (ue4ocraron ynpaNHeulrfi
6o"utme rpor,r6oo6 pa:o eaune)
-:acroii KpoBLr -
;
I ycHJIHBaror o6pa:oaaHrae
$n6praHoJII,I3HHa, rcoropsrii pacrBop{er KporxeqHbre rpou6u;
yBeJIHrIHaator eupa6orl(y npocraIII{xJII,IHa, noropslfi yMeHb[raer o6pasonaHne
' He)KenareJrsHrrx rpou6or.
3. Bo:gepxaHue.
KypeHne ycHnr,rBaer rpou6oo6pa:oBaHlre.
MexaHugrurr:

' MoHooKcHA yrnepoAa (yrapHrrft ra:) lr: ra6aqsoro AbrMa noBpexAaer tn4o're-uuft
KpoBeHocHbrx cocyAoB; :

xoJlecrepliH cKopee npuKperlrserct K noBpeNreHuofi MoHooKcHAoM yrurepoAa creHKe, ueu rc qelrHoft;

'
' KypeHI4e yrHeraer o6pa:oeaHue npocrauHKnr,IHa, Koropbtfi yrHeraer HexeJrareJrbHoe rponr6oo6pa:oraulEe.

62
 MM III < tr{AIII, fl O M1r, @,W3V|A l|'Of i4fl I{E JI OB E KA
.

4. Boga.
Heilo crarox ynorpe6.l eu ur BoAbl le.qaer KPoer:sqg6oft ra qrapxy,rrqnlo KpoBrz' 3aMeAteHHofi, a :Ha,ru1 ycpnhBaercg
rpor,l6go6pa3Qpan,aQ.,,,,., a.'i-..: 4...;, :, :'::.:-.':.. :,.,,.:-,":'r,r i'

5. OmapeHne:
,: ., !, ,, Vae4uvnnator KoJluqecrBo:Sudpruoregnlg:gplrux
San'ropon; 66Topbre cnoco6crayror:,cBepr6rBaeMocrg .. . .

.:.:'l';.-.$po8!lI.Bacqepa,rrnslft4l,tp.rax1xecnoco6cr*yeT.IIaKoIIJIe.Hfito:'3THxB€tI]€GTB:,....'
o Y:MHorHX:r'loAefi c,'oxupeHueM RorbuleH ypoBeHb rpHmHL(epr4AoB,(xupbi.Kpoau) *ypoBsHb ir. ..::
lIHcyJIp|H.ope3I,IcTeHI.IHH:,o6a:rr$arc+a'ee4yr:KIIoBbIIUeHmoo6pa:loaaHaxtpon,r6oB.j-'1:,.i:

6. fiouepue Eory.
Crpecc ycnnnBaer HexeJlareJlbnoe o6pa:onanue rpov6on. 3nuue$pHH - fopMoH crpecca, yBeJrHqHBaer qHcJro
rpou6oqntoB[l4xcKJloHHocTbKcnHnaHI4Io. :.r,:'.. i:,..::. :ii | . :r,r,:. '. . : .

&u,crlegt
7. Bnrauuu K. 3ror BHTaMI,TH eBnflercs oAHHM n: $axropon cBeprbrBaHnr KpoBH. O6pa:yercn 6arrepurun s
nuII{eBapHTeJIbHo\4 TpaKre;,ooAepxl4Tcf, ao @pyqax I;I:oBoIJ{oX, sco6e.Hno"Karrycre.H 3eneHrrx Jrr{croBbrX,oBou{ax.
' : -: - : ':':
8 Hea.ocraro6ap' SaKropoB cBeprbtBaHuf, KpoBr4..Ha[pr4Me]p,:leMo$ulnn -.HacreAcrBcH,rroe HapyureH]re
cBeprbrBaHfifi KpoBr,r. llpnvuHa ge$raqrar HJrr4 HenoJrHoUeHHoe
- Synr.qnou"poBaHHe::cneqllou.rrecnnx $arropoa
cBeprblBaHHfl KpoBa. llepegaercx ren reuo$u r?rr'1 or Marepu AerqM (cqennenno: c.X-xpoMocorraoft).,llp6sBJrrercrr
:a6oregal"{Hq.TonpKo}MSJtbgHKoB:... , , .: .::: ,r i;,.:: ,..::.!:
BsrsoA. cocrae KpoBH rBrrercr :epraabna 3AopoBbr qeroBeKa. fun roro, qro6u HMerb xopouee 3A0poBbe, HyxHo
noga6orurrc.q o cocraBe Harueft KpoBu, Ko-ropaq nnTaer Bce KnerKl4,Ilaruero reJla. . . I -:i :_,:'.: .l .

Haru, o6pa: XLI3HI4:]To r{To Mbr eAHM, rrro n6eM,:a ro, lrro .4enaeM co€BSHM opfaHlr3MoM, HanpgMylo ioTpasl,ITc{ Ha
naruefi KpoBr4, a 3HAci]Fl', Ha 3AOpOBbe U $yHnquoHHpoBaHI4H .BCerO orpfagpr3Ma. .
.j::., fll:.:':',...: , : ",. . ,' . .'.'a: , ,:::
florraaurn ee 3,?Aarlr{ e.
flogroroenrbcfl K cAaqe recroB no reMe <Kpons>>. : ..,.,.
.: .. : ,, .. . i: r-

:.:i' .:

:.;if*
:::it.

63
 MMIU (HAlIl AOM> QIBVO/IO| I4fl .t{ EJIOB E KA
Ypor Jri! 9

Teua. tr{na*lyunan cr{creMa.

Eor npe4yclrorpeJ'l cl4crenay, :auvniarofi]y]ocr 3ai:{HToft Haruero opraHH3Ma or Bcero

uyxepoqHoro n
6ole:HersopHoro. Eclpt 3ra cacreMa nepecraer
$yuxqnoHapoBars r,rnl,r Hapyua.r."..;.";;r;.rb no KaKriM-
,rn6o npuvuHaM, To Bo3HHKaer :a6oreganr.re

l.Onpege,lennn.
tr{mnrynnrer - 3To ciloco6Hocir npornBocrorrs BCeMy r{yx(epolHol{y (nuxpo6u, qy)KepoAHbre rcrrerKy
TpaHcnJraHTaHTa, paKoBbre x,rerxH), yfpoxaloqevry sabpiiel6 14 xr,r3Hr4 0pmHrz3Ma.

BuArturtl,tyHulera . t: ' :.

I. Bpox4eunsrft.
2. lIpr.ro6pereHHlrft:
l) nprapo4usrfi:
a) axrnaHrrfi,
6) naccusuul"r.
2) ucrcyccreeHHtril:
a) arcrnsHslfi,
6) naccueHrfi.
I :

tspoxgenuufi unruynurer:
. llepegaercr or Mareprz pedeHny eule BHyrpr,ryrpo6Ho.
c B npoer pe6eHxa npoHl{Ka}or nltntvHomo6yluHr,r Marepr4, Koropi,Ie 3alqnulaFor ero Ha npo.r-fixeHrlg fiepBbrx
MECflIIEB x(H3HI,I.
flpucdpereu nsrfi r{MMyH r{Ter - nprao6peraercfl Ha rrporrr)KeH,H )KH3HH.
llpnpoas'il - npao6peraercq B npollecce ]r(H3HeAerrerl,Hocrr.{. '
I )
a) anruruufi: nocJle sa6oresaHnr opraHrcM nstpa6arrinaer Fra efo eo:6y4arerr aHTr,rrera,
r,oroBr,re 4.nx 6opr6rr npu
cre4yior4eil Bcrpeqe c 3THM eor6y4lrre:rerrr;
6) nacciaeusrft: pe6eHon nofiyt{aer or Marepn (vepe: nJraueHry yxe rorosbre
HJ]H MoJroKo) aHTHTeJra. 3ro spen,{eHr-rufi
I'lMMyHLrTeT.
2) I4cr"yccreeF{HbrE - yMbIIxneHHoe BBeAeHHe B opraHh3M rreJroBeKa rioreHuvarbHo 6ole:HerBopHLrx
areHToB.
a) axrnnHufi: BBeAeHlIe B BHAe BaKTIHH oc,'Ia6reHHrx eos6y4xrerefi sa6ore RaHvrflaJru qacrurr
ero KJrerKH;
6.; naccueutlfi. snegeuae foroBblx aHTMTeJt, 83qrbtx or nepe6oleBuefo :runa
:a6o,reBaHHeM r{eJloBeKa.

Bocna,renne - reiicreHs opmHI43Ma, HanpaBreHHbre Ha flpe4orBparqeHHe pacnpocrpaHeghr rzu$ercquu.

lIoH:HaKIz ao cntu'reHuq :

I . nrectuoe noBbtuJeHi,te reMrleparypbl,

2. uecruoe noKpacHeHr.{e,
3. uecrssri.r orer,
4. 6o,resHeHHocrb BocnaileHHolo yqacrKa.
3rH qsreHl{t Bbl3blBalor rI'IcraMHH 14 npocrarnaHAuHbr (ux npor,r:ro4xr 6e:rue KpoB.f,Hbre KnerKpr npn rroBpe)KAeHHH
rraueii), oHH TaKxe npI4BJIeKalor AoIIonHuTenlHoe qucJlo nefinoquron K MecTy,noBpexAeHgff.

Aurnren - :rro6oe noreHlrlzanbHo 6ole:uerBopHoe xr4Mr4qecKoe neulecrno.fg4.ctetutLee-rcd]g ut lgepog {t-es{*Fh}

2
' nonaAat B opmHH3M tleroBeKa, oHo crr4Mynnpyer BbrIeJieHHe cneqn$uuecn"t
untrran-"nr' v
cneUHaJII'I3apoBaHHbIX T-xletolt, Koropbre. BcryltarcT B KoHTaKT c 3TprM BetqecrBoM;
€ aHTnreJIa' npHcoeAlzHtscb K aHTHIreHy, 6lorcupyior ero (o6pa:yercfl KoMnleKc aHTprreH-aururelo)
u
cno cobcrrylor ero, yHnrrroxeHuro:

2.Oyu rcquonalsnde crpo€Hr{e u lruyu noft cHcrel{br.

B oprann:ve cyulecrByer 3 asaaltogononHslortlne cl,rcreMLr, Koropbre o6ecneqranalor 3arr{HTy o-1- 6o:regHerBopHbrx
afeHTOB: :: t, . ...r.,:.1-., : : r

A. CnequSuvecKaft KJrerorrnafl fiMMvHHafl cr{creMa: . .:. ,

64
 MMLLI (HAIII AOM,r O.l,l3I,1OilAfKfr, qEIOBEKA
1)cnequ$u.recrcufi x,reroqur,rii nMMyHHTer (nulqe"lenne ;ruuSoquramH Ha Hx lroBepxuocrrr H;'rll
HaKoIUIeHI{eBHyTpHHI{x'3aUII{THbIxBeIIIecTB);-.-$,**,:iii,Q*tts.+tt;d;5.|}f{e:}a-|.i./-.J.l.l.ilr;1A"$io/5$*:-#:
2) cnequ{n.recxufi ryuopa,rrnsrfi r{MMyHHTer (pacrnopeuHbre B KpoBn anrure,ra). :'i' ,,,:::1,?:ttri-,y'1{-1.!{{:{:':/-
5. HecnequQu.recrue ryMopar.rsHbre crrcreMbr: '* w*!;.{ir' :
,, .

1) cncreMa KoMnJr€MeHTa H
2) Apyrue Serxu rrJra3Mbr KpoBr.r, cuocodnrre pa3pyrrrarb KoMnJreKc aHTHreH-auTr{TeJtro, frr&crBoBaTb:B
aKTHBaTIHT{ BOCIIaJIeHHS I{ Ap.
B. Hecnequ{nvecnue K,'reroqHbre cRcreMbr: u,e& *"ytts #* rf;,f ,tt Jttij:P,s dgt*i ' k-e;St!,2.*d*t{,'it{*;dj:l'€f
l) ,refircoqurrr;
2) maxpo{arn (Saroquro:), cm. reuy <<Kpoau>.
Hecneqlt$nr{ecKfie cncreMbr HMMyHnrera cnoco6urr o6e:rpexanarb qy)KepoAHbre areHrbr, Aax(e ecJr14 opraHr43M c
HHM14 npeABapHTenbHO HH pa3y He BcTpeqarcfl.
Cnequ$n.recKl,Ie cucreMbl HMMyHHTeTa $opnrupyrorcq rorbKo nocJre KoHraKTa c qy)KepoAHbrM BerrlecrBoM, T.e. .

npuo6peraercfl HMMyHr4Ter.

1) CneqnQuuecxrafi x,reroqusrfi r{MMyHr{Ter.

..rTuvrQouuru.
BHAsr ,'rHrvrSounron:
a. B-,rnv$ouursl,
6. T-riuuSoqurrr:
I T-nnr'l$orlr4rbr Kr4nneprr (:T-na;lleprr) - y6ufiqsr,
2 T-nana$ourrrbr xe:rnepir (=T-xe;rnepsr) - nonaoulnurcn,
3 T-nnv$ouurbr cynpeccopbr (T-cynpeccopst) - no4arhrerH,
4 T-rr.rnn$oqr.{rbr naMrrt{.
B. flpupo4Hsre xnerrcu-y6rafiqu (IIKY)

a. B-nuySouuru!:
. B-lur*,ISounTbt ilpeAcraBnqlor co6ofi MerKHe KrerKH, Ha noBepxHocrn Koropbrx o6pasyrorcx u
HaKanJIIlBalorcl cnequsnqecKue aHTHTexa; aHTHTeJra Mo)KHo npeAcTaBr4Tb B BHAe 3aMKOB;
r $oourapylorct B KpacHoM KocrHoM Mo3fe; H3 Hero B KpoBoToK BbrxoArr He3penbre B-:rurrr$orryrbr, 3areM oHpr
nepeMeruarorcr e runQarur{ecKHe y3n6r. rAe npoxoArr npouecc co3peBaHnr:
e ecJIlI He:pe.nuft B-luu$oqraT BcTpeqaercrl c aHTlareHou (uau1e Bcero 3To r{yxepo.qHbre 6erKoerre MolreKyJrbrl
Izx MoxHo ltso6pa":nrr B BHAe 3aMoqHbrx rcnio.reft), ioropsrfi araKyeT aHTlrrerra Ha ero iloBepxHocrlr, To
npoucxoAl4T recnoe cMLIKaHI4e allrl{reJr c aHTHreHaMu (urou 3aKpbin :alrorc), H TorAa B-nrau$oqm'
nepexo4lrr s arrnsuyro $a:y;
o aKTHBlIPoaaHHrrfi B-nulr$oryrr Har{HHaer 6slcrpo Aenr4Tbcfl Ha HoBLre KJrerKr4 AByx Bt{AoB, Koropbre re[epb
bygryr ua:rrearbct rlJrztsMeHHbrMr4 B-nnlr$oqnramn u B-lnu$oqnrarran naMrrn.

flla:nnennnre B-nnnnSorlnTr,r: : i

n EolsurltHcreo B-nl4T\d$oqnror npeBpaualorct B rrJrasMeHHbre B-nurvr$oqrarsr, cnoco6ubre npoH3BoAHTb

aHTHTeJIa. O4rau nrana$olluT Mox(er npol43Becrn corHu ce6e noAo6Hbrx Krrerox (n:ra:ueuurx B--nuu$oquroa)
Bcero 3a HecKolbKo AHeit. , , ,
o
, KorAa nJla3MeHHbte KrerKu co3peBalor, oHH HarrllHaror nstpa6arsrBarr, oKoJro 2000 rrnonenyl aHTHTeJI B
ceKyHAy, KaxAy.Io ceKy HAy: Ha' nporrx(eHr,rr4 He cKoJrbKHX luefr ux xH3 Hi,r.
B-num{cqurbr rraMflTr{:
r flpeAnorarafl, qro raxofi aHTHreH Mox{er npoHLIKHyrb B opraHn3M eqe KorAa-To, opraHH3M $oprr,trapyer orra
KJ.IerKH, qro6H 6rtrr roronr,IM Aarb,ornopB nlo6ofi MoMeHT. . :

. EcrH tanofi aHtnreH (<sanon,tuneuuficR>),taM) nHors,nonaAer B opfaHrz3M qeJIoBeKa, KJlerKn naMflTr4

npeBpaqarcTct B nJIa3MeHHbIe B-rrur',l$orUETsl I,I Har{uHaIoT,IIpor,r3BoAHTb aHTHTeJra Ha 3Tor aHrures. 3ru
rulerKh Ha nporflN€HIan scefr )K!i3HI4 qenoBeKa coxpaHslor B naMflTlt raHQopruaqralo o Bcex aHTHreHax, c
KOTOpbTMH HM AqBenocb BoeBaTb.
,;...
ARrure,ra (=HnruyHorlo6ynuurr) - 3To,6erKoBbre MoleKvnbr, Koropi,re nrpa6aruaanrcs B-nau$oqlrravu. Kaxloe
aHTHTero nupa6oraHo roJIbKo Ha onpeAenenuttft nn4 aHTI4reHa. ,:, ',.:

(Dyur<r1zraHTHTeJI_BHAoH3MeHI4TbcTpyKrypyaHTH|eHaTaK,rITo6bIoH'cTaJI6esonaceHI/-]'opfaHI,I3Ma.

65
 lr : ,

MMru (HAIfI AOM,r Oi43t40 llotI4frLIE/tOBEKA

' tlt^pt-a-f::.": tBilterct roKcr4HoM, oH Moxer 6rrrr o6e:epexeH npu KoHraKre c aHrr4reJ.roM
- o6pa:yercr cro fi rnft lHrure1t
rov n:rexc aHTHre H-a HTHTeJto.
" Arrnrcrl'lHau4r: ecnn asrrareHrr pacnonararcTcr Ha noBepxHocru rcrlero.{}rofi uev6paHsr nraxpoGa,
coeAHHeHpIe B KOMUIeKC C aHTI',lreJIaMI'I, Bbr3blBaer cx,rteHBaHL{e raKHX lc{eroK-BpafoB.
TO eCTb HX
' afrrtorl'IHaul4Io. 3ro 4aer Bo3Moxuocrt Qaroqurau 6lrcrpo ,u*rut^t, ynruio*rt" 6olsrnoe KoJrr4rrecrBo
'i:rnnuruxcx BMecre (BpafoB). . !
c flpeuunnrauus: BblnaAeHHe B ocatox KoMnJIeKcoB aHTnfeH-aHTurero (ue aaror Bo3Mox(Hocrl4 aHTHfeHaM
npr.rKpenr.rrbcfl K rKaHfl M S. *+c4 q 6Lf i1lu/*# ; t L{ t {!t} fnlt 16 4,; 9 $
' u(/ u

6. T-numdounrsr:
c scircrcr c 6anrepltRna u, Bt4pycaMt4. paKoBbrMH KlerKaMH, rpa6nonsrlrn KnerKaMH;
crBoJIoBbIe Kr'lerKH Qopnarapyrorcl B KocrHoM Mo3re, a ilpouecc I4x co3peBaHras npoxoA2T
' e er,moqKosoii
)KeJIe3e (=ruuyc) B Ter{eHIaH Koporxoro EpeMeHH pr nocJre pox(AeHxr pe6euxa;
Ao TaM oH}r npeBparqa}orcq B
T-,runr$oqurbl 14 Ml4rpHpylor B luu$irnvecKHe y3rbr, neqeHb, ceJre3eHKy, rre H ocrarcTcr;
t B ruIeror{Hofi ltelt6paHe Ka>KAoro T-nunr$oqnra ecrb 6e,,IKH, Koropble cnoco6Htr coeAr{HHTLc.fl TorLKo
c
onpeneileHHblM BHnoM aHTnreHa (urov [oAxoAr4T ToJ]r,Ko no4 orrpeAeneuusrft :auon);
r ecJrHT-liau$oqlrr KorffaKTlTpyer c aHTt{reHoM, To 6e.nrx Ha noBepxHocru nau$oqHTa cBrr3brBa}or (x,rrov,
nonaB B 3aMoK, 3aKpblBaer ero) :ror alrrureH, 14 3Tor nuu$orlrzr npeBpaulaercq B aKTHBHufr T-lnn,1$oqur

Burlrr T-luudouaros:
I T-rnnnSourrrr,r KrlJrJrepbr:
s HenocpeIcrBeHHo araKylor (Bpafa), eucro6oxq4ar cneqn$rallecKHe BeulecrBa. Koropble f,BJ'r*orct
cMeprenbHbrl/ru fl'EaMv.qns 3Toro (oKKynama>. Hanpuuep, ToKcr4H nep$opliH, ,rpo4"rrrr"u.r
n ueu6paHe
paKoBblx KneroK H s 6erKoeoft o6o:roqKe Bupycor orBepcrr,u, or qero oHn norn6aior.
2 T-numrloqrrrbr xeJx[epbr:
o crr{MynupyrcrB-lnu$oquru BbrAerrrb aHTHTeJla;
o cnoco6crByloryBenr4qeHulo qucraT-nun-uepoe.
3 T-.nnnaQoUETbr cynpeccopbr : .4:{ ;.:.tli f# j-itr*rii,?;i ?-xec**t*lA
o olpaHlzqHBalor npoqecc BbIAeJreHr{{ aHT{TeJr I4 ocraHaBJrHBaror AeqrerbHocrb T-nullepoe.
4 T-lnnarpoqnrblfiaMsrn.
' npofpaMMupylorcs Ha pacno3Hauue e 6-v4vuleM TaKofo x{e (Bpafa).
o ecJIH ranofr xe (Bpar) nonaAaer B opraHH3M e 6y4yrueu, 3rH rurerKh crnMynr,rpyror 6olee
6rrcrprrft
unartyHur'tfr orBer, r{eM IIpu nepeofi Bcrpeqe c 3TI4M aHTI4feHOM.
!::'',j,i(-,:i r t;,;..1. !)
B" ftrpnpo,IHurerulerrn-vbnfttrsr(fIKy):
c 3ro bolsurile rpalryJlspHble.,J-1l.}1i*]-g-li!f:rlt, [peAcraBJr.flror co6oft orgelrnrrft x-nacc lunrooq]n.oB
' o6la.qaror ullToroKcnsHocrbro nporl4B -i-ll-l]-.\,e,J$-hirl\ KJreroK u rcrreroK, 3apaxeHHbrx llilfr;r v:]lri1.
. BbrnoJrHrror qHToroKcHrrecKHe r,r rlfi'r(]nr.ru-npoAyr{r4pyrorque $ynxqratt
o tBJlqlorcq 0AHI''IM ns silicHefruHx KoMnoHeHToB xreror{Horo BDg!{lf llltrtro ulrr.t-l, l.lgrg-r&
' dlopMHpy[orc{ B pe3ynbrare ar,r$sepeirq]4poBK}r ru.tur$o6nacron (odqrax npeArrrecrBeHHHKoB Bcex
:rul,r$oquron)
. He HMelor'{'*l;.:rg'Lir,rut,.lv J:trt{*rit<rpriH I{nH noBepxHocrHbtx IlvuyHomo6yJlHHoB
c KrerKu 6slrH HacsaHHblMh ecrecrBeHHbrMu Kl4nnepaMH, nocKoJlbKy. no paHHHM flpeAcraBneH].rrM, oH14 He
rpe6o n alu aKTI,tBaqHH An{ yHl,rq"roxeHuJr KJIeroK
Ocuoeuas $yHrcuvx - yHraqrox(eHug 1crgfgK opfaHlnMa;.Hie rJ_ecyulgx ua ceoefi noBepxHocrr4 MapKepoB
rncrocbsr\aecrnMocrn H TaKHM o6pa:onr'Hegoirynnrr* ans aeftireu, ocHoBHofo no*nora"ru niorr"orrpycHoro
i4MMyHrrera - .l-:.f*..ijlgp-i)-:1. Vtr,tesrurestte KoJIHT{ecrBa 3Trlx il4apKep,oq Ha lro.repxHocr1{ K19TKH nloxer 6rrrt
cJIeAcrBl'IeM rpaHcSoprraaquu KJIeTKLI B paKoByto nrn AeficrnueM B?rpycoBr runr" t u*'nunr,rJrxoMaBHpyc
rz BI4!I,
Tenr caiauira ouu:
'/ ponb (TrcpeMHbtx HaA3uparelefi>,
"u,non*at pa:lMep onyxonu yHnqroxalor npeAorBpauran ga,rsHefiruee pacnpocrpaHeHHe
'/ yMeHbualor
paKa;
fi ee
{ noAaBnq}or,qa;rtuefturee pacnpocrpaHeHne Br4pycoB Ha 3AopoBbre K;rerKr,r.

66
 MMIIJ ((HAlIi AOM, QVIBVIOilOTUfl qE/IOBEKA
Pe qenroprt ecrecrBe HH brx KH,r.r--repoB
cnoco6Hocrl trKV pacno3HaBart <ceod> 14 (riy)Koe)) Ha KJrer*ax onpe4ei-rsercr
rroBepxHocrHbrMH peqenropavu. v
,;rLorrr-r.xnu, p"r;;;";;;;;;;"*y;loo"rr.""'x
3rr4x KreroK ryul""tnyet croxHar c,creMa
KrreroK
opraHH3Ma' Kpo_n're rolo, oHH HMeror MHoxecrBo peqeilTopoB
K KoMnoHeHTaM noBpexuegHblx rureroK nnr4 ux
npoH3BoqHbtu.KraruvpeuenTopaMoTHoc'Tc':'....-.".
' EcrecreeHsrre peqenropbl uHToroKcHqHocrpr. OHH axrHeHpylor ilHToroxcuq€crrue
. I-[urorcmuoeue peqenroprr. ll,rr.,,,*r:rr,r
$yHrcual,r
,.pu..,*o;;;,o;;r; ,;;;;;;;;;t?u:rlffi#;']'r'ror"*n'
|IKV
ceKperHpyrorcq KrerKaMV npr BupycHoft uH$enqvtr4, oHt4 cnyxar
cHrHa-rroM a,,rs IIKV o upacvrciar.r,
Br.{pycHbrx naTofeHOB.

' Fc pellenropbl. lfKy, r<arc H s*:ttii:i:{tar!:,

rg"l*lojrlJhi H z.-vj{.rib'd-ri;r*riiir, Hecyr Fc peqenropbr, Koropbre
aKTI'IBI4pyIor KnerKy npH cBt3blBaHnu c Fc
QparuenranlH aHTHTe.[. 3ro nosnorger I-IKV *unouar,
^

uuSuqr'rpoeaHHble KJlerKH olHoBpeMeHHo c

ryMopaJrbHbrM (rrr4ereHr. u"rrr.nj ;;;;y,orr"
orBerou
KneTKlI c noMolqblo aHTHTer'l-3aBIzcHMofo
UHToroKchqecKoro 4eftcreHr (cn.r:aHHoro c B3agMolefrcrsue^4
IIKV c anrurerraMn) r, i.
o I4:Hru1upyrcIllHe peuenropbl. !,r.r npeAorBparqeHprJ{ araKH
Ha HenoBpex.{eHHbre i(l,r'erKa'Ha nonepxilo,cru
llKY uueercq cacreMa peryn{ropHrtx (yrHeraroqux) perlenropoB. peryr*opuri;t;;;;;;;;;;;'r;u".".
uenonpex4eHHbrMh MOJreKynaMr.r MapKepoB rucTocoBMecT,l
HMocr'l Ha noBepxHocr, Knero* H ralor cHrH€Ln
(cron)), trcAaBnnfl axr'eau'rc frKV.

Mexauu:u geficrans
llKV ssrqlorc'' uI'{ToroKcI'{qHbIMa; B I4x IIHTorrJra3Me HaxoArrcr
MirrreHr,Kr,re rpar{ynbr, coAepx€uae nepQopuH ra
llep$opraH BblAeJlterct HenocpeAcrBeHHo no:le ausuqlepoeaHuofi -'
ll.1i9-l-$j-i:ij:.i'
KJrerKH n o6pa:yer nopo'u
x"IeroqHoit naeu6paHe, r{epe3 Koropble 3axoAcr nporeasbl "e
H Apyrl4e MoJreKyJ,rL,r, npr4BoAs K pa3pyue'H'o KJIeTKH.

flparcrnvecnoe nprrMenerrr{e 3uanrrfi o upnpogurx y6ufi qax

. Kypeuue yrHeraer aKrnBHocrb
'e 3arqxHoft crpecc (unv ecnu qeroBeK rIJIoxo cnpaBJrrercr c
ocrpbrM crpeccou) yrHeraer aKTprgHocrr,
YuepeHHble yilpaxHeHHt aKrt{Blz3l{py}or pa6ory IIKY,
a oKcrpeManbgr,re
- yrHeraror.
o fluera: yrHeraer AHera 6orara.fl xspoM I{ oKHcJIeHHbrM xoJrecrepnHoM, ycr4JrnBaer paoory
I.UeTa. - Beferapr,raHcKa.rr
r{ecHoK, acrparar (xopeus)
cruMynupyror pa6ory IIKY AcrparaJr B orJrr4qr{H or sx'Haltre'r
Moxer
npHMeHtrbcs nroAbMI4 c ayrol{MMyHHl,IMl'I sa6-oresaHlttuu.
Kax4ue 3 Hegelu qepeAy}or qecHoK h acrparan.
llocle KaxAoro Kypca reJraror nepepbrB Ha He.qeJrro H HaqlrHalor np'MeHrr'
ApyryIo
HM My Ho cruMyrr4pylo qylo rp aBy cneAyloulae
3 He4ela.
. 9ecuox Lr JryK noMoraror yMeHbuurb pHcK pa3Btmrl, paxa )KeJryAKa

flpaxruuecKoe lrpI{M€HeHRe lnannfi o 6e.nrrx KpoEqlrbrx reJrbrlax

\z^_^___
ycr-IoBlts xopourefo It MMyHI{TeTa :
1 fluraHrae:
r CaxaD:
7"r!or,to* caxapa yfHeraer garo.uro::
'/ caxap yMeHbulaei :$SercrplBHocrb pu6otu Hefirpo$nnoB
Ha nepnoA or 30 urauyr go 5 vacoB, noc,re
efo yc,.B:eHm (nounnrr, uro HeftTpo$"no,.o"tu"n stot 6a-7()YouHpKylfipylou{ux 6e.nslx KpoBfiHbrx
KneroK).

/ lnol,'or xHpa (nax Hacrtqel{'1oro, raK I4 HeHac}rrqeuHoro) y.FHeraer aKrnBHocrb KJreroK univyunofi
acreMlr (crauo nmcx MaJrofio,qBlprgrnrau) u yrHeraer
c
Saro qemoq,,.
H=6rlrorc )KHpa y rHeraer rerren bHo crb npHpoAHbrx
KJ.lero n-y6 uft r1
O4Ho tzccleAoBaHHe noKa3anq r{To yMeHbuleHue norpe6:reHuq
xl4poB ua23-32YoyBerHqgro ar(fgBHocrb 3Tr4x
KIIeroK Ha 487t' Arcruntrocrr T- 3HaslzreJrbHo Bo3pacrarro B crryqae, ecma o6ulee
I P:lrygoq'ToB
xapon'cocraBJlrrlo He 6olsue 30'25%o6utefi xaropuftuocrr4 rrHrr{H, csuNesrae no:rpe6leHur x?rpoB
norpe6reirue
ao3z-2zok

AT
 MMIII (HAIII ilOM) QL1^3{A/rOTI4f{ qE/IOBEKA
o6utefi xarropuiirrocrt4 yBe-rHq14Ba-To aKrHBHocrb npHpoAHbrx ruleroK-y6ufrU. nrera c co,lepxaHn eyr 20_25yo xa_loplrfi
H3)KHpoBMaKcHMajIbHonoIe3HaAI'IeflTenbHocTHuravyHrloficHcTeMbl.
'/ He3aMeHHML,Ie )KHpHbte Kl4cilorbr Heo6xo4uivsr Anfi 3AopoBbr hMMyHHofr cncrevrr; ux 4e$nqnr
noAaBrner HMMyHHbte $yHrcrlrarz; :, , _ '

'/ orutera-3-xnpHaq KI4cxora (,ruuoleHoBat. L{crortHHK - 3e-'IeHble J'tHcroBbte oBoIl-lH, cofl, .teH, rpeUKHe
opexn)cnoco6creyeTyKpenneHHioI4MMyHHofictaoreusl;.
, / Irs6tnorc ouera-5-xnpnofi nuclorrr (lniro;rerax) yrueraer $opnaaponaHne luna$oquroa;
'/ oKI4cJIeHHbIe $oprusr He3aMeHI,rMbrx )KHpHbrx Knciror
$opvnpyror cno6ogHrre paAHKanLr? Koropbre
araKyloT r4MN,ryHHylo cHcTeMy; : ;i.
'/ u:6tnorc )KHpoB cHHXaer aKTI4BHocrb 6ops6sr opfaHlr3Ma co cno6o4uuMu paAr4KaJraMu;
'/ ias6Llrox noJIHHeHacbtI{eHHLIX EnpHbIX Kr{cJror Beler K arpo$nu:lau$on4HoiE TKaHH opraHH3Ma;
3To yfHeraer $yHrllraonllpoBaHae T-"nrana$ouyroB n aKTr{BHocrb nporuBopaKoBbtx aHTHTen;
'/ Dnera,6oratan xorecrepuHoM, yfHeraer SynxqlloHr4poBaHne T-x,rerorc, uefirpoQrzron u
varpoQaron;
,/ u:6rrrox xnpoB 3aMenJ,irer xeMoraKcuc u ssrpa6omy aHThreJr.

a Ee:rox: a:6rmgx yrHeraer $aroquros.

c Co,rr : us6srroK yfHeraer dtaroquro:.
a BnrartnHu 14 Mr{HepalrLr:
1) Eera-rapornH lr er.rratwp{H A:
'/ HeAocraroK BHTaMHHa A yrureraer nspa6orny aHTr{Ten;
'/ 6era-raporuH yBenuquBaer aKTaBHocrs T- u B-nuu$orlnroB H yclrnuBaer B3ar4Mogeilcrsue
MexA/ KJIerKaMu nvnlyHuofr cHcreMLI.
2) Bu'rauus C:
{ ycklnv'Baer aKrttBHocrr leiiroquroe; nu$exriHr H crpecc pe3Ko H 6lrcrpo cHruKaer ypoBeHb
erfal,tnna C;
./ rrpr4eM.{o6aeoK Bu'ranrlHa C n 4ote 6o:ruure 2,5 r aAeHb yrHeraer $aroqmo:.
3) Bnrauan E ycnlueaer aKri4BHocrr, T-irnna$oquroe.
4) Llusx:
,/ ueodxoAuna 44x o6pa:orasa.s T-r,reroK H aHTr4TeJr;
{ BbrcoKr{e Ao3Lr yrHera}or aKTlrBHocrb r{MMyHHoft cncrenrrt.
! Bererapaascnas Auera ynyqmaer S)'Hltullorinponanlre npupoaHsx xlerqx-y6nftq.

c SltroxprMHqecKhe BelqecrBa:
'/ @lanonolr4ll rlnTpycoBt ix, xapro$eJrs, BHrrreH, xro4 cnoco6crByror npo,rusepaqlrr.r n
$yurcqr.ro unpoBaHr*o lnn,t $oqaron.
'/ KaporuHon4br yBeJIHt{HBarcr npoueHT co7fepxaHhr npfipoAHbrx x,rerox-y6lrftu u T-xennepoB.
'/ tr4croqnuxpt: TeMHo oKparIreHHLIe oBorr{u (naoproer, TbIKBa, 3eJreH6Ie JIr4croBLIe, rruTpycoBble,
ra6a.{oK nerpyurrta).

€ OlKr4peHHe:
,/
yMeHburaer cnoco6uocrs T-r,ilerox 6oporrcx c paKoM; .l
,/
yMeHbrxaer aKTlrBHocrb nefirpo$unoa e 6opr6e c 6arrepunr,ru.
ilocr: rolo4aHhe B TeqeHhLI 36 uacr:n, 3Haqr4TenbHo yBeJrr4q[Baer cnoco6Hocrr 6elrx KpoBtHbrx KJIeroK 6oporrcr c
6affiepuxuu i

o3fl, 190 <<...so3Aep)KaHae or nnulr.r Ha KoporKoe BpeMr, yMeHbuacrJrklxopaAKy...)). r i :i

2. Onsi.t'{ecKue vnpaxHeuus.
Pe$opuarop 34oponu 7:157,1892 <VnpaxHeHur yrpoM, xoAr,6a Ha cB€x(eM, 6o4parqerr.l Bo3Ayxe He6ec,
Heo6xoAnnu Artr 3AopoBoIr;HrzpKyJtruuu xpoeia. 3To HaAextHa.q 3arqr4Ta or ilpocryAbr, KatrrJu, 3acroq B Mo3re lr
rerKHX, BocnareHrnq nepreHl,l, norreK i,I coreE ApyL-,HX:a6oresaHHfi). .,, :l
3QQen $u:nuecrnx ynpaxHeHnfi :
. ycunuBalorrlnpKynsqnrcueftrpo$mor;
c cnoco6crBytor nepexoAy [pucreHor{Hr,rx leftrorlNrou (213 ncex reilrcoqtiroB pa3Meu]a}orcfi Bo3jre creHoK
cocyAoB, tAe roK KpoBH nae4leuHee) e aKr4eni,rfrrrpoBoroK; ,t'

68
 i M'MIII (HAiII AOM, @143140ilOnLfl qEIOBEKA
. yBeJHqr4Bzror Ko;.rHyecrso B= H T-:ruv$our.rrou; ,!.,.:
. noBbrrriaror ypoBeHb uHrep$epona, rcoropsrfi 6opercr c eapycuofi Nu$exilaefi.
VvepeHusre y npaxHeHHr:
. yBenhqlrBaror ypoBeHr nurep,refiruua-2,xoropufi:
,/ crvMy rupy er BbrAeJreHHe' T.Kr{nnepoB H npHpoAHux rcr,reror-y6nfi q;
./ noBhrlrraror aKTHBHocrb B- ra T-,rnlr$oIIHToB, ,i: :

. yBerI4r{I4Ba}or ypoBeHb ryMop-HeKporhqecKofo Sanropa, roropuft yHr,trrroxaer HeKoropbre onyxoneBLre

KrrIerKH, a raKxe aKTHBHpyer varcpoSarn,
. yBeJlr4r{IaBa}or Konuqecrno $aroquroe; : :

o xoAr6a yBenuilaBaer r{r,IcJto

:osnuo$uloe;
. 3Hepfr4r{Hbre ynpaxHeHHq N4o6r4,,u43y}or 6eltre KpoBsHble rerbua.
r{pesuepHrre ynpaxueHax (nanpulrep, copeBHoBare;rbHbre BHAbi cnopraur.g.):'
. yrHerarcT aKrHBHocrb npnpoAHbrx rurerox-y6uiir1;
pe3Ko cHH)I€erct $yunquounpoBaHl,Ie lnu$orlnroB - Bo3pacraer Boc[pHr.rMr{HBocrb r nHsercqnoHuurrvr
'
:a6o,renaHurtr;
3 perynspHble HHTeHcI4BHble rpeHHpoBKH npoBoriHpylor AonrocpoqHoe noBpexAeHue nlrrraynHofi cllcreurr:
cHnxaerct ypoBeHb IgA a IgG, luna$oquroB, yMeHbrrraercfi aKTHBHocrr HefirpoSaloe;
. copeBHoBareiTbHrle BHALI cnopra yrHeralor IeflTeJIr,Hocrr lum$oqnrou lr :Q$exrr{BHocrb pa6orrt aHTHTejT

3. Boaa.
!erugparaqur:
. 3aMeArfler unpKynsuur-o KpoBH u ,rzu$rr,
. 3aMeArrre'i errpa6orry IgA.'

4. CorHequutii iser.
6 yBeJiilrtHBaer KonrrqecrBo i,t crHMynr4pyer aKTatsHocrr B- n T-nizu$or_iuros;
c yBeJrHqHBaerKoJlur{ecrso uefirpo$u,roe.
5. Bo:Aepxaune.
Kod;eraH:
. yfHeraer axTilBHocrr T-r-nerox, B-ruerox, |IKV.
Arxoro;rs:
. 3HaqHTenbHo yrHeraer aKTnBHOCTT daroquror, B-x,.rerorc, T-rumepoe n IIKV;
e noBpex(Aaer B- n T-K"IIeTKr.r,
' cHlr)Kaer ypoBeHb !I aI$HBHocrb aHTHTeJI. Bcero 2 noprIHH airxoro;rLHoro HanurKa cHn)Karor arTprBHocrb
aHTI4TeJi na 113 (66%).3ro yrHereHne coxpaHterct Ha rtporq)KeHnu HecKonbKr4x
AHeft Aaxe nocJ]e norrHoro
BbrBeAeHI4q a,'IKOIOJI.{ H3 OpraHH3Ma, :

KypeHne:
. BHaqare flpoucxoAt{T crl{MyJltr-lut nunayuHofi cucreMbr, Ho no3}Ke Hacrynaer yrHereHne
Saroqnron;
o Bbr3brBaer yrHereHr4e aKfnBHocrr{ T-x-neron, IIKV n
$aroquroa;
O CHH)I€ET YPOBCHb AHTHTC'I,
Haprcornicn yrHeraror LrMMyHHyro cucreMy Ha Bcex ypoBH.sx.

6. Cnexnil so:.qyx.
. Hacbnqaer KHcJropoAou Heiirpo$r4Jrbr, qro Aaer r4M 6olsure crzl n 6opr6e;
. oTpi..ruarerbHo 3aprxeHHLre tloHbr cTHMyJrHpyloT HMMyHlryIo cHcTeMy.

7. CoH.
. HenocraroK cHa yrHeraer aKThBHocrr, T-,ruv$oquron:
perynrpHsrfi, paHHnfi, rny60nufi cou c'rnMy:rnpyer eHpa60Tr(y ropMoHa'pocra,:1161spUfi.nolroraer
'
co3peBaHl'Ilo T-KleroIt, ertcno6ox4eHplro aHTrrreJr H ycnnr.rBaer aKTlrBHocrr,[IKY; noMoraer uanpo$arau
ueitrpo$ulau npor,{3BoAurb cynepoKcuA - r,{x (opy)rtlae).
8. Crpecc.
Vn,tepeuuurT crpecc:
. crr4Mynr.{pyer s$$ercrnBHocrb nr,t nayHuofi r clrcreMbr;

69
 .
' ' MMIII (HALII AoM,r ewzt{oJrafl4frr-rE/roBEKA
ycHrHBaer r$$erruaHocrs [1KV;
. yBeIHqHBaeT BbrlejteHl4e fopMoHa DOCTa.
Cn,rssufi hJrH 3arrx(Hor7 crpecc:
. yfHeraer aKruBHocrt T-xlerorc iz lIKy.
crHMyJIHpyer HaAno{reqHHKH BbIAeJIrrb 60irsrue Koprr{3'na ) ' : 1 1r ''
'
(l'rs6snorc Ko prr{3ojra y rHeraer B bIAe jreHr4e r,I aKTh BHo cru,rum
$o qn.ron) ;
" toxg1 cnoco6crBoBarb yMeHbIxeHHro pa3MepoB Tt4Myca, ceJre3eHrr4,:iunrdlariavecKr.rx y3JroB a
l1a
yrHerarb BbrAeneHlre uun cnequQuqec$lx BeulecrB:
.yMeHbI'|aeTyp0BeHbIgA(aururelo,,Haxog,ru1eecxBc.|lH3H,cIe3aXrarcponu);
yfHeTaeT Bbl.[eneHr{e fopMoHa pocTa. ::

2. flecnequQuuecxuil ryMopaJrbHsrfi umuyuurer. '.:

l) Cncrer,ra KoMtrJreveHTa.
MHorue 6plolorptqecrcue :S$er<rbi, conpoBo)KAaroque peaKrlr.rn aHTHreH-aHTHTero,
cBr3aHLr c yqacrl{erwrornn"r"
n!'r a3M e HH blx $ anro po n, Ha3 bt Bae M br x KoM nr.t e M e HTo
M.
@yHtcur4n 6e,rxos Kot\,{niret{eHra:
o Br,r3LIBaIOT CJIrinaHI{e qy}KepoAH},tx KJIeTOK;
t Bbl3blBalor H3MeHeHHe cgoilcre noBepxHocrla .tyxeporHbrx KreroK
rLrg o6ecneqesus 6o,rurueil Aocrynuocru
;l.rx Qaroquros;
. pa3pyuaroT BHpycbr, l

3 Bbt3blBalor noBpexleHHe H pa3pyrueHr4e qy)KepoAHbrx KrreroK, HecyrrlHx

aHTHTera.
Koumeuenrnlte 6enxu npHKpennqrcTc{ I4 npoAeJrbrBaror orBepcrras e uena6paae (xrerKp-Bpara>.
3rH
orBepcrH{ [o3BoJT{Ior HarpHIo 6stcrpee npoHuKHyrb Bnyrpb KnerKI4. 3a HarpNeiu
cneryer 6olruroe
Kon}.{qecrBo BoAbl, KrerKa Ha6yxaer n pa3pbtBaerc,r, He BbrAep)KHBafi
Bo3pacraloqcro AaBreHufi.

2) 2lpyrue 6e.nxn:
'/ rlHsouaha npHcyrcrByer Bo MHorI4x rKaFUrx (nerrue, )KenyAoqHo-rcfiure.{Frstfi TpaKr Hocor,rorxa) H )Kr4AKprx
cpelax opfaHH3Ma (clrcua, cle:sr).
6yrrnqux: rioAaB,'reHue pocra H paiMHo)KeHHx 6axrepnfi 14 Br4pycoB.
./ C-peanrunnufi 6e:iorc coAepxr.rrc, B rura3Me KpoBli.
@yHru1un:
,

e BbI3blBaeT cJII{naHI4e qy)KepoAHbrx KneToK r.r BbrnaAeHae r,rx B ocaAoK;

c BbI3bIBaer fi3MeHeI{He csoftcTs noBepxHocrn r{y)KepoAHbrx toleroK
Ans oSecneqeuux 6oriturefi
AocrynHocrn 4,rr $aroqrros.
.l I4trrep|epoHbt (ant$a, 6era, ralrnaa).
OyHxquu:
o nporanoBupycHoe 4eficraue - yrHerarcr paiMHo)KeHHe Br4pycoB BHyrpr4 rureroK opraHu3Ma,
Ho He
4eficreylor Ha caM Bkpyc;
o rloBburralor qnToroKcaqecKylo aKTHBHocrb iraarcpo$aros;
c yfHeraror pa3MHo)KeHile co6crseHHr,tx KneroK opraHr.{3Ma (_rrnu$oqraroe), no:rouy npfi Bupycnbrx
nu$enqutx Ha6lrcgaercr cHlDKeHr4e HMMyHHTeTa

3. Hecueqnslrqecnnfi n,rero.lnsrft r{MmyrruTer (cnr. reuy <<Kponr,>).

Brreon.
locno4s AaJ HaM yHHKanbHylo 3auIHTHyIO cfiCTeMy. Ec,rH sra cucreMa 3arrHrbr
HHKaKHe MeAHKaMeHrlt
flepecraer Aefrcreoears (clM{), ro
ue cnoco6HLl cnacrn qeroBeKa. [irr ee nonHorleHHoro $yHnqraoHr{poBaHr.rs Heo6xogl.rnro
cobnrcgeHue ecex 8 npHHqHnoB 3AopoBbr.

7]ouaruuee 3aAaHHe.
flo4roroeurbcf K cAarre recroB rro reMe <I,I;uilryHHag cncreMa).

70
 MM III r(HAIli AO MD @ VI3VlOJlOfI4fr,qEjtO B EKA
Vpox -\t 10.1

Teiua. Hepnnan cucreMa.

','
flogrenra l, I{enrpa;rr,Has HepBrras cr{creua ": I ,

'i : ':
I

Bcrynrrenne.
flpnrutl 4:23 Eo,rsue Bcero xpaH'tMo'o xpaH' cep/f,rle'TBoe, noroMy qro H3 Her-o Hcror{HHKl,
xH3HH.
flpurvn 4:25-29 l"rrasa reol4 rrycrb nprMo cMorpet i4 pecHrfl-ibr t"o, gu HanpaBleHb,6t;y;il;;"np*a,o6oo.
O64yuaft cre3ro Anfl HorH rBoefi, r4 Bce riyrh rBoH Aa 6y4rr rnepasr. He yxroH rfrc*
ru.r-anpu"o, ," i#"", ,o-,
Hofy rBoro or 3Jra, [norovry r{ro nyrn npaBbre Ha6lro4aer locno4s. a ,rreBbre _
HcnoprreHbr. O, ,*. npxiluuu
nyrl4 TBoH. H uecrBhfl TBot4 B urzpe ycrpour.] ""ilruer

OcHonHaq rlacrb.
HasHa,{eune uepeHoft cficrelarr:
. eAfiHcrBeHuuil nyrt o6ulegns Eora H qeJroBeKa,
. KoHrpoJrr,, Kooplr{Haqnx u o6o6qeHr.re npoueccoB B opraHH3Me,
. HaKorureHueuu$opvaqun,
c o6ecneqeH'e np,cnoco6rena.q opraHH3Ma K ycJroBllrM OKpyxarc,,refi cpe4rr,

CrpoeHne nepsHoft cl4crel4tt:

l. i{enrpalsHar HepBHaq cncreMa (IIHC):
./ ro.uoeHofi ivo:q
./ cnuHnoft uogr:
2. flepn$ep Hvecnafl Hep BHarr cr4creMa - HepBbr, Koropnre fiepeHocqr HMnynbc;r or I{HC u x Hefi:
A. ConrarsqecK&$r HepBHag cucreMa:
r'uyvcruwre.ilbHl,le HepBl,I, Koropbre nepeHocrr
HMnyJrbcbr or Koxcr4 14 Mbrtilq rc UHC;
/gYurarenr'Hble HepBbI' Koropble nepeHoctr HMrrynbcbr
ot ffiC K MbrrrrllaM, cruMynupyt ux coKpaqeHqe.
E' Bererarunuax (aerouonauar) HepBHas cficreMa, Koropafl nepeAaer ran$oprvraqrarc
or {HC K )Kerre3aM n
BHyTpeHHr.rM opraHaM:
'/ cliMnarl,rqecKag
- noMofaer pear,poBarb Ha crpeccoBbre cvryarJvtw:
'/ napacr{Mnar'qecKaq - peryJr,pyer noBceAHeBHyro Ae-srer"ro.ro H orAbrx.

Hepnuure KJrerKH.
l ' {eficreyrou{I4MIz Kr-leror{HbIMI4 3JIeMeHTaMH uepnHoii chcreMbr
sBJrrrorcr nefiponrr. oHu o6ecneql,Bal,or rrepe.qaqy
l'tuSoptrlaqu, or oAHoro yqacrKa H.c. x ApyfoMy, o6uen nH$opuaq'efr
naexq4y H.c. n Apyrr4MH yr{acrKaM, re,ra. B
1nv3 ropu foJioBHoro Mo3fa HacqlrrbrBaercr Ao 40 rsrc. uefipouon.
2' BcnouorareJIbHbIMI'I KJIeTKaMH tBrttorcr KJrerKr{ mnn (Hefrpo rlrr4n) HIrrBaHoBcKIre KrerK11 Hfiu
oJIlIroAeHApoIIIlrbI (o6pa:yror uue:rnu). onu cer:rtearor, nr,rraror,
3arrlurrlaror H noAAepxo{earor HeftpoHsr.

THnsr HefipoHos:

' qyBcrBl'treJ[tHble (ceHcopHrte) - nepe4arcr llH{oprraaquro or nepra{eprara rc I-F{C; oHrz HaqrzHarorcr{

peuenropaMH;

' rBHrareJlbHble (voroueftpoHll) - ngpe4aror unsopruallnlo or Mo3rra K MbpuqaM r{ xeJ.re3aM;

c I4HTepHefipourt - o6pa6arrlnalor noryqeHHyto nHSopMaunlo or rryBcrBr.rreJrbHblx ueiipoHoe
r4 nepeAalor ee
Ha ABr,rrareJrsHrre Hefr po Hsr.
Crpoenye sefipoHa:
' reJro - c$epoo6pa3Har qacrb He[poHa, coAepx€uar rApo H opraHeJrJrsl;
' AeHi(pHTbl - HecKoJIbKO TOHKHX H KOpOTKI{X orpocrKoB c pa3BerBreHI{eM Ha
KOHqax, nepeHocflT
uHSopmaqralo K reJry HeilpoHa;
c aKcoH - oAplH g'ruuustil orpocroK' nepeHoct4T
rauOopnaaqrzlo or reJra ueftpoHa; lia
A€LrrbHeM KoHr-le aKcoH
AeJIHTct H&::H€cKo'rlbKo TOHKHX orpocrKoB c BblnyKnocTtMH Ha KoHUe.
3rta sunymocrg 6ln:no noAxoArr K
AeHnpHry boceAHeft ruIerKI4' Ho He Kacalorcl ero. or ancosa K
AeHApr.{ry nH$opuaqnr [epeAaerc fr
rlocpeAcrBoM xHMHr{ecKI'IX Beu-lecrB MeAHaropon (HeilporpaHcMl4rrepoB).
- Apt; yBenr4qeHr.rfl cKopocrg
nepeAar{H MHorue aKcoHbI pIMeIor cneqp{anbHyro o6olovtty
I43 MHenr4Ha Mi.{enI,IHoBvro - o6oro.{Kv.
.71
tl
 , MMiII (i-tAll] A0Mn OI43t4On 6r14fr i{E/toBEKA
flpocrparlcrBo Me)KAy KoHuoM aKcoHa oAHofi KrerKlr t4 reHlpr4ToM
Apy'tnri, Ha3brBaerc, cr4r,rancoM.
Ctooegae cnHanca: .r: : .

' npecnHarrrnqecKafl ue:u6paua (xoueq aKcoHa o4HOfi rclerxlr);

c cHHanrilqecKat r{eJlb, 3anoJIHeHHafi ueilporpaHcMrzrrepaMr,r (naeAraaropoNr);
o nocrcHHa[THrIecKa.f, raelt6paHa, Ha noropofi ecrb pel]enroprr r HeilporpaHcMlrr-repaiv (xoueq AeHApHTa
' ApyroiT,x,rerriz). ' ,:i ':

Enaro4apx rardrnay ycrpo'ficrny HeilpoHoe l,ru laoxena 3anoMuHarb,

$opnaupoearb npHBbrLrKH, yr*4rbcr.
{acroe noyfopeHHe :'aitaHtiqer HMrIyJrbc l{HpKynnpoBarb ilo oAHr,rM H reM )Ke uefrpouan
x r{x cxHaflcau. 3ro
yBernalllBaer pa3Mep cHHanca, ero pa6orocnoco6uocrt, cKopocrb
npoBeleHHr B HeM H cnocoGcrnver
SopnaraporaHnlo HoBbix ct{HancoB.
CHHancu .iyecrsr4re,T.b Hri *:,;'
. KOHUeHTpaLI4r4KHc_ryOpola,
c xt4ruHqecKoMy cocTaBy nJra3\4bt,
. MCNHKAMCHTAM,
€ nepeHanpflxeHHrc.

I-[oHsrHq r.r repMn Hbr :

Hepn - fpynna aKcoHoB cBq3aHHbIX BMecre IIo rnny MHoroxlltri,Horo xa6e:rg. Bx,rro.{aer
nBqrareJ,'rbH6re I,r
rIyBcrBHTeJibHble
BoJloKHa, coeifl,rHHTenbHylo rKaHb H KpoBeHocHbre cocy/lbt.
Eeloe Belr{ecrBo 3Tor I-lBer HepBHofr rrauu npnAaror rronp6irbre Mr4eJrHHoM aKcoHbr.
-
Cepoe tseqecrBo'HepBHa{ TKaHb, o6pa:oeauHafl TeiraMH uefipoHos,
AeHrpr.iraMr4 }4 aKcoHaMr4 6e: naue:rusa.
lasr,rufr - rpynrra re:r Hepantix loreroK B crpyK-rype nepnsepravecnofi Hepeuoil cprcrensl.
Fe$lenc - aBToMarplr{ecxuil (npox:eolsHsrr) oreer Pe$nexropHar Ayra fio3BoJ'rfier r.{Mnynbcy npoxoAnrb roJrr,Ko B
oAHoM Har]paBneHhu' O6rt'{Ho: riyBcrBl4TenbHuii uefipou - uHrepaefipou (cnnuuofi *or.j - !BHrarerbHbrfi sefipoH -
Mbllxubt, xerTe3bt HJII4 OpfaHtl.

)ire rcrpO t tpO Borf, 14 MO CTb.

lro lJreKfpHr{ecKH 3aptxeHHbre
1:":' -
rracrfiubr. Hefipouur feHeprzpy}or lrreKrpHLrecKHe cHr.HaJrbr
6-raro4apn
.4BI4)KeHH}O 3THX 3ap.sx(eHHLIX pIOHOB, KOTOpbre nepeMeulalorc'r BnepeA i,r Ha3aI vepes ueu6paHy KJreroK. Meru6paHa
noKpLlra corHqMH Ia rblc-tir{aMH M€uleHbKHX oteepcrnil, no3Bont}ou1ux }ioHaM
3axolurb 14 BbrxoAlrrl rz: xlerrcu. B
pe3yJlbrare nepeMelqeHl'{q HoHoB (oco6euuo BalKeH B sToM llpoqecce Harpr,rfi)
3apqA Ha rroBepxHocru naeu6paurr
HefipoHa 14 3apflr Ha BlryrpeHHefr cropone neu6paHu ,rn *"orra,
, noresqna,r (3tl) -
pa3HHua Mexqy 3apflAoM BHyrpn H cHapyxH naeudpaurt uefipoHa. "or,rrnuar -"*pr"aaoud
O6pa:oeanu"r. runrr o6pa:ou sreKrpgqecKr{e
BoJrHr,i pacnpocrpaH.rrrorcr no uena6pane nefipopa.

KaK gro nDollcxolr.ir:

i ' crunayl, HaIIpHMep, AaBneHHe Ha Ko)Ky, u3MeHeHHe reMneparyp'I, xHMr,IqecKoe BeulecrBo H3MeFUrer
cnoxofiHoe, cra6ullHoe Ao 3Toro, cocrosHr4e Hefipoga.
2' Mel'l6pana KaxAofo orAbixalouero (Heatcrilnuoroi HefrpoHa HMeer cra6onosr4rususrft
3apq1,HzHapyxHofi
noBepxHocru u HeraruBHuil rapn4 rcHyrpn.
3' Korpa vacft rrleu6paust cruMynHpyerct, pe3Ko orKpbrBaiorcr KaHzlnbr s vev6paHe. qepe3
Koropbre BHyrpb
KilerKI4, H3 Mexlcleror{Horo npoatpunarru. 6",atpo'naqHHa}or npoHgKarb
Do3HTHBHo iuprrnan"",a ,o"r,
Harpl4t (l{a*). Bficope 3TH KaHaJIbt 3aKpblBalorcs. Kan pe3yJrbrar, rrpr4BHeceHHsrfi
aarpneu no:nrnnHsiii :aprg
AeJIaer BlryrpeHHrolo cropoHy veu6paHsl BpeMeHHo no3HTlrBHo :apxxeHHoft, B To BpeMr KaK Ha ee . .:
IloBepxHocrl't o6pasyerct HeraruBHIltfi zapnl(uegocraer no3HTl4BHo 3aprxeHHbrx ploHoB
uarpur).
4' Jror noslrrnnHstfi :apt4 cruMynHpyet otnp",rra *"-o, Ha orprgrexauleM yr{acrKe noBepxgocrr,r
MeMOpaHbl aKcoHa, Bo3HHKaeT H
ryT H3MeHeHl4e 3aptAa H TaX npoAol)KaeTct, noKa 3Ta BoJ.lHa He 3aXBaTHT
Becb aKcoH' Ha Aa-nsHev KoHue aKcolla HaxoAtrrcs ny3brpLKi4 c HeilporpaHcMxTTepaMH.
KorAa ," oo"rrruat
3IeKTpHrieCKaq BOIHa, To OHH pa3pblBaloTOg H Br'UeJItlOT cBOe cOAepiKHMOe B
lpocBeT cgHanTuqecrcOfi qeln.
3rH eeulecrBa yraBxHBalorcg peuenropaMpr nocrcuHaDTH.tecxoft rraerur6paHsr.
5' noc,re:arcpstrut HarpneBLIX KaHa'loB orKpbrBarorcr KaJiHeBbre KaHzurbr, r{epe3 Koropbre Ha noBepxHocrb
Knernr.{,r4ghyrpn Hefrpoua elrxo4xr HoHbr Kuurn, (K*), uro yMeHbrrraer
no3r4TltBHocrb 3aprr,a BHyrprz KJrerKu,
n neftpou cHona npnoOperaer noreHLIHaJI noKoq nerarunnrrfi :apx4 naen6paHbr H3rryrpg.
-

72
 MMIIi (HALtl AO M, QVISI4OIIO f I4f tlE/i OBE KA
flparruqecKoe ttpr{MeHeHr{e :uaHufi
Karc msr MoxeM IIOMOqb r{rrpKyJ.rsIIHll unruy'rrcon ?
l. Ioeepue Eory;
. HaAe)r(Aa y Ben HqHBaeT aM nnuryAy 3neKTp Hqec Khx BoJt H M03fa.
2. Tluranue'.
o PasHol\4epHoe il rocraroqHoe nocryrir-reHHe r,rFoKo3br B KpoBb (ra: yr:'reno4coAepx€ulr{x npoAyKToB, 6orargx
rcrerVarxOft). I-,'tioXO:a tlBJIqeTc{ OnTHMaJii,HbIM BI4AOI\{ TOmHBa Anfl Xa3HeAetTe,TbHOCTH HepeHOft cqcTgMbr.
Mo:r norpe6,rrer oxolo 200% r.;rrcxosbr H He cnoco6es ,rnu.ur" .. ril;;-;;;";;;;;;;p.#;;;;;;;;,
MO3TOM 3ABVICI4T OT CIO AKTLJBHOCTH.
t Creness ao:6y4nvocrn Bapbnpyer B pa3Hbrx yqacrKax Mo3ra. Ynorpe6.rreuke Mflsa yr\4eHr,uaer
3reKTpHr{ecKylo aKTHBHOcrs e tlo6Frttx AoJItx Mo3ra u yBennqnBaer ee B rnnoraJlaMyce.
o3[I, c.395 <t{err,I uaule npenoAanarenu 14 cryAeurrr 6yryr nuTarbcr MrcoM? TeM MeHee BocnpuuMqlir 6y4er hx yM K
AyxoEHl'IM I4CTHHaM, O,4HaKO yKpe[fiTct HH3MeHH6re HHCTHHKTLT H npr{Tyntrcfi Bo3BhrrueHHlre r{yBcrga
[ywu rl
,4yxoBHat BocrIpHI{MqHBocrb qeroBena. Vnopuue, HHTeHcnBHbIe yMcrBeHHbIe 3aH{THr He gBJrrlrorcq ocHosHoil
npuulzHofi oc:ra6neHptq HHTeJIreKTa. kanHrfi npe4 o6ycnoBJreH HenpaBprrbHbrM, HepefyirspHbtM nr.rraHgeM
H
HeAocrarorlHoft Qu:uuecxoft aKrusHocruo. Hepery:rrpHbre nvraHrre u coH noApbiBalor yMcrBeHHbre
cr4Jlbr)).
c CrpeMHTecb cHI,l3HTb ypoBeHb xonecrepnHa B KpoBr.{, rcoropufi yxyArtiaer rcponocHa6xeHHe M03ra.
Haurryruruzft BLIA nHTaHHg c6anaucnpoBaHHoe BererapnaHcrBo.
-
KorAa xe,ryAorc: Torqa a trorre
npol{cxotrHT:
neperpyxeH TOpMOXeHHe .{etTenLHocTrz vyacreurelbHbix HepBoB,
cHH}I(eHne aKTHB HOCTtt, HapyujeHHe CyXIe Hr4t, 3aMeA,rteH He
MbIIT'IEHI4g
nt{TaeTct MtcoM cHr4xeHfle aKTuBHOCTr,r HHTeIiteKTa, 3aTyMaHeHHOCTr,
MLI[IreHLIfi , upzrynreHl{e vopa:'lsgoit r{vBcrBarejrrHocrr4
uorpe6lxer xo$euu TOpMOXeHHe, noBpexAe Hrre, |IapaIII4rt yiMcTB eHHbIX CH,'r,
pa3Apaxi4Ten6Hocrb
luTaeTcr Mo'IoKoM t{ caxapoM oII,HoBpeMeHHO HapyrxeHI{e MO3TOBOTO KpOBOTOKa
rion)^{aeT nuqy no3AHO Ber{epoM yToMneHlre HepBoB

t t{actoe H fflHTeJIbHOe ynorpe6neune rco$enH corep)xaulux npor0i KToB BeAer K TOMy, qro xo$eltH:
'/ t(oHKypHpyer c lrera6oll,I3MoM IAMK (ropnao:Hofi ueftporpa".Mlrrrep, o6ecne,rHeaer noxoi,i pl
KoHrlelrrpaqulo npu crpecce) vl
d yrHeraer altpa6orxy aqerHJIXoJrHHa (ocHonHoft eos6yx4arorqrafr HefiporpaHcMr.ffrep lo6sux goleii),
,/ HopaApeHanraHa (nprapo4ulrft aHru4enpeccaur),
'/ ceporoHi{Ha (saxeu B no3HTHBHoM MbrIrIJreHlIrr, cHe n canroxoHrpole).
3. AstxaHr.re.
" rry6orcoe AbIXaHHe qHcrbrM, cBexorM, Hacbtu{eHHbrM KHcjIopoAoM Bo34/xona (co4epNrar HeraruBHo
3aptxeHHble uoHst) - KucJIopoA HyxeH MHToxoHApHrM Anf; pacqenneHr,r" .n**orr,, u pesy:6rare
oroft
PEAKI{HI,T O6PA:YCTCI 3HCPI H' AJIx XH3HCAE'TEJIsHO CTI4 HCPBHbIX KJICTOK;
r u:6erafiTe Ablularb Bo3AyxoM, 6orarrnu MoHooKcHAoM yrnepoAa- oH orpaBnrer Mo3r (6ypeHrze,
BLrx"nonHbre
ra:rr).

4. @u:uqecnue ia ylrireeHHsre -vnpaxnesns.

ynyqueHue KpoBoroKa - 6olsue KHcnopola, nuTareJrbHbrx Bell1ecrB, MeHbIIle ocraroqHbrx
npoIg/rffoB.
BocnuraHlte, c'209 <Eclu yM cocpeAoroquBaercfl Ha rreM-To oa"o*- ero Bocrrph,Mr{H"oai"-olnuonflercr.
tleroseqecxae cnoco6Hocrn pa3BuBarcTcq nyque.
ecJrH yMcrBeHHbre u Qu:uvecrcHe cHJrbr paBHoMepHo 3afpyxeHbr, ,r
AerrenbHocrs pa:Hoo6pa:Ha.
ot't:Hqecraq naccl4BHocru o6yc,roelnBaer cHHXeHI4e He roJrbro yMcrBeHHbrx, Ho H HpaBcrBeHHbIX SHJI.
Hepnt uo:ra
cBq3blBalor qeJIoBeKa c He6ou'lI oKa3blBalor onpeAenfirorqee eo:4eficrBne Ha Becb efo suyrpeHHuft
nnrp. Ba",
npengrcrByer uI4pKynflIrI{I'I 3reKTpar{ecxofo roKa B uepnuoii cncreMe, ocnalrns *r="atr"ra a"n", "ro
yMcrBeHHoe BOCnpHrrr4e, 3arpyAHfl er HpaBcrBeHHOe O6HOereHlae nHqHocrt4)). "'y*Hb[ra,

na
 MMIII' <HAiX AOM>'OI43 l40n0f l4.fl r{E/tOB EKA
5. Bo:rlepxanue.
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uetipoHos s ,To6Hslx Aorrx Mo3ra H Mo3x(eqKe.
c3T7, c'421 <'rhorn crpaAalor BceBo3Mo)KHbrMH HeryfaMH H3-3a ynorpe6;reH
r4fl qas)ro$e, ra6axa, on'ryMa H rpyr'X
HapKorl'lKoB' 3rn npe4Hlte nplrBblriKI4 rortlKHbr 6rtrs conepua",ro
,aoop"HeHl,r, rrpnqeM ra:6aerxrrcr ueo6xogr.ruo He
or o4Hofr xaxofi-Haoy4s spe4uoii' pa3pyualoulei :4opome npuBbrr{KH,
a or Bcex cpa3y, TaK KaK Bce oun nary6uo
gefrcrnyrcr ua $u:ltvecxoe, yMcrBeHHOe'H HpaBcrBeHHOe
COCTOIHr,re).

o3T7, c'422-423 <Te, rro npu6eraer K qaro lE t<oSe

AiI{ noB},rrfieH,.q ro'yca, cKopo iloqyBorBy}or, qro nocneAcrB,,
TaKoro o6pa:a xs'I3HH - 3To paclIraraHHafl HepBHar cucreMa
H norepr cauoo6-rragaHas. vroNr,reHHlre HeDBLT :
HyxAalorct B orALrxe li noKoe. OpraHn:uy Heo6xogunao BpeMrr, .rro6rr
BoccraHoBl,rrb norepflHHr," arnu,. Ho ec:in
ero nporoJlx€Ior B3BHH.{uBars ynorpe6leHHeM pa3JlnqHrtx no:6yxgaror{Hx
cpeAcrB, ro ecqxgfi pa3, KorAa 3To
npoHcxoAfiT, Hacrynaer $u:N'recxoe HcrouleHne. Velouery, B
TeqeH'Ie KaKoro-To BpeMeHH r{cnbrrbrBarorqeruy Ha ce6e
Aehcreue so:6yNgaloil1Hx cpeAcrB' nocreneHHo craHoBrzrcfl Bce rpyAHee n:6o4purrcr,
noKa HaKo'erl ero opfaHfi3M
He nepecTaeT oTBer{aTb Ha cTHMynrTopbr. . ..
''"krz-zaynorpe6leHilx nos6yxcgaaiq'X cpeAcrB crpaAaer Becb opfaHn:na. paccrpa'Baercfi HepBHar
yxyAlllaercfi pa6ara ner{eHu, orpaBnqercs KpoBL, Hapyuaercr '4creMa,
rponoo6pauleHue" Ko)Ka craHoB mct l413l6o,re:ueHHo
xelroft I4 HeSracrHr{Hoii. crpa4aer H Mo3t HenocpeAcrreHHoe H MoMeHTairbHoe BJrr.IrHr,re
pa3nr.rrrHblx BHA'B
cTldMynfTopoB cocToI'IT B TOM' qTO MO3f Ha KaKoe-TO BpeMt cTaHoBi{Tctt
rH[epaKTHBHbrM, HO nOCJre nO4O6HsX
BcrlbluleK roBonbHo 6ltcrpo Hacrynaer ocla6leuue. KoHeqHrina
urofoM Bcero 3Tofo rB*ercfi ynaAoK cr.[r - He
ToJIbKo yMcrBeHHbIX N
$usltvecrcI4x' Ho tl HpaBcrBeHHrtx. 14 B pe3ynbrare Mbr BHAHM HepBHbrx MylGrHH H xeHllr4H,
6o:re:Hesulix H HeypaBHoBeIueHHbIX. Taxue nroAu qacro roponnnBbr H pa3ApaKHTeJr;Hbr,
oHr,l BHAflT oura6rci,r
ApyfHX, rcan 6u cKBO3L Cl'Ir'lbHoe yBenHql'trenbHoe crerllo, Ho coBeptlleHHo He cnoco6usl
3aMerrarb cgou co6crseHHble
HenocTaTKpr).

6. Boaa:
O XOPOIIIA' |I,IAPATAIII{q XC,i3HEHHO BA}KHA B
PCry"iI'UHH KOHIICHTPAI]HL7 KAN:|lfl;
t HMrry/Jlbclt ilepeAa]orcl 6slcrpee H ToqHee, ecnu cnnarlTr4riecKar
)i(HAKocr6 .qvc^ran.
o3ll, c'419 <t{Hcrat BoAa flBr{erct oAHHM H3 caMLIX 3aMeriareJrbHux ue6ecsr,r 6nu.o"noeeHrait
qeiloBeKa, H A:rq 6omHoro. lfpaealbl{oe
- i4 An, 3AopoBoro
ynorpe6lesue BoAbr riolTe3Ho Airfi 3Aopossq. trallleHHo STor Ha[HToK 6or ga,r
qenoBeKy H xHBorHbIM
An'fi yroneHH{ )Kaxrbl. locrarovHoe KonarlecrBo artnutoft BoAbr lloAnepxfiBaer
xH3HeAetreJlbHocrb opfaHH3Ma 14 rroMofaer eMy coriporr4Bnqrlcfi
60le:iuni>.
7' PaeHouepHocrl pacnpeAeleung oAexArt: fiepeoxnaxreHrze KoHeqHocreil
npneo.q,T K 3acroio B ueHTpanbHbrx
opfaHax, B TOM rIr,tc,]le H B MO3t-e.

I fo;rosxoil ir{osr
3ro xs:seuHo saxHslil opraH, opraHynpaBreHnr BceMpr fipoqeccaMn B opraHpr3Me.
llo:rolry roroeHofr Mo3r :
Hane)KHo 3arrltu{eH or noBpexAarorqnx
$anropoe :
. KOcTr4 qepena
- 3auHTa OT MexaHrrqecKofo noBpex,qeHur;
I 3 no:roeste o6oloqru (urrnar He[ocpeAcrBeHHo noKpbiBaer
- Mo3L cocyAncraq - cpeAHts, TBepAa, -
uapyNHar);x
c qepellHoMo3roBat xI'IAKocrb (<o6rexaroqaq
o6oJro'IKa>), o6pa:yercr H3 KpoBH crreuHaJIbHLIMy KJrerKaMH
cocyAncrofi o6oloqxn roJroBHoro Mo3rra, B ero xenyAoqKax.
Ee porl:
./ aMopru3arop,
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nr{TaHI4e Mo3ra.
./ BbrBeAeHHe roKcHHoB.
* cnaHuofi Mo3r 3alr{hlqeH
KocrtMH no3BoHor{HHKa, I4Meer.Ta*ue xe 3 o6onoqxu H nor]pyxeH B cnr4HHoMo3roByro
)KH,IIKOCTb.

1A
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 MMIII (HAIU AOMU @l43.HOJlAlIlfl qEJIOBEKA
Crpoenge rl &yHKqHH qacrefi rorlosgoro Morra. .

A. Co6creeurro Mo3r: :

l. "qo6Hue Aolru,
2. reneHHue AonH, l

3. Bucor{Hbre AoJrrz,
4. 3arLInorIHbIe Aor'IH.

Co6crnenuo nro:r:
o uan6o,qsurafl qacrb roloBHoro Mo3fa - 718 zeca Mo3ra;
. HaxoAr4Tcr B nepeAHeM Mo3fel
r, cloAa Bce ocTaJlbHble qacTl4 Mo3ra flocbrJraror rau$opltar{Hro Anr ee o6pa6orrcu;
. rto AnI4He 3Ta qacrb Mo3ra AeJIHTcs ua2 iloflyilapllq, Koropr,re cBrr3aHbl Apyr c ApyroM y ocHoBaHHfl Mo3ra
TOnCTbtM nyqKOM HepBHbrX BOJTOKOH - MO3OJTHCTbTM TeJTOM; :

o o6a nonyuraput -
3epKaJlbHoe oro6paxeHne Apyr Apyrd, Ho SyHr<qralr ltx pa3H6re, oAHaKo oHH recHo :

s:aurvlo4eft cTByroT 6naro4apn accoIlHaTI,tEHbtMlHepBHbtM BonoKHaM ;

. noBepxHoc'rb nonyuaprafi norcpsrra nopofi roJroBr{oro Mo3ra.
3ro clofi ceporo BelqecrBa (rorquua 3 rav) eecr B r{3Br,IJrHHax u 6opo:4ax, Koropble yBenr{qltBaror nJrorrlaAb
pst n 30 pa3 no cpaBHeHHIo c rofi nrioula4bro, r(oropyro oHa 3aHHMaer I4llenHo e Heft uaxo4fircr Bbrcrrne
IIeHTpbl AetreJlbHocru qeJIoBeKa H ero opmHoB. 34ecr au$opnnaqrafr ananu3vpyercr n o6pa6arrlnaercs, c
teivI, uro6rt Apyfue r{acru HepBHofi cucrenasl Momrr ee npu neo6xo4nnaocrn l4cnoJrb3oBarb.

llpaeoe nor)'uapne orceqaer 3a ryMaHHTapHbre 3naHr4x n cnoco6socru qeroBeica (nay:una, pucoBaHue, $aHra:ux,
, no33trfi u r.l.).
Ilesoe noryruapue orBeqaer 3a MareMarariecKi{e cnoco6uocrn qeJloBeKa, trofuKy, aHiururaqecKHe Id peqeBbre
cnoco6uocrn.
fle:renne nao:la Ha noln ttpoBenn no rpaHnrraM rocreil qepela, K KoropbrM oH npr{neraet -:ro6uue, TgMeHHbre,
BI{coqHbIe, 3arI'IJIosHbIe. Kaxgax Aolr BbrrroJrHser cgoficrBeHHr,re rotrbxo eii $yHnquN.
l) no6nrre AonH - IreHTp HpaBcrBeHHocru, nu6opa, coBecru. BoJTH, MorHBauHh, peqn, MburrJreHHJ{, .qyxoBHocrg,
nnaHI,IpoBaHI,Iq, Aocrl{xeHHfl ueJIH, Aorrocpor{Hoil naugru u 4nl,lxeritrl,
IIpn nopaxeunu lo6Hux 4olefi npoacxoAl4T H3MeHeHpre JrHqHocrr4, xapaKTepa npu coxpaHeuuu cnoco6Hocrrd Ko
BCeM paHee ocBoeHHbrM HaBbIKaM.
2) reueuHue Aonu - IIeHTp ocfi3aHur (npurcocHoseHue, AaBJreHHe, TeMnepa,I-ypa), KnHecre3r,iu (onpeAeJreHge
noJlox(eHnfl qacrefr Tera, Beca npeAMeroB, IBl4x(eHHr Mbrruq, cycraBoB H cyxo)KHnrzfi) n rnyca.
3) auco.irlue AoJrr{ - rlerffp cnyxa H o6osxslEs.
4) :arruouHbre Aonu - qeHrp 3peHur.

E. flpouexyro'rnstfi Mo3r Haxo.{}Irc,{ Me)KAy' cpe.qHHM Mo3roM cHH3y H 6oruunnlu noJTyrxapnrMr,r Mo3ra cBepxy:
l. raJraMyc,
2. rlrnoranaMyc.
Taramyc:
. rIeHTp o6pa6orxn aHQoprraaqrzu or HeKoropblx ltyBcrBr4TersHbrx peuenropoB: 6olu, reMneparypbr, JrefKoro
nplIKOcHOBeHHfi : H .{€IBJIeHHI Ha KOx(y;
. perpaHcntql4oHHat craHIIHt (xovuyraroP) Arq r{yBcrBrrreJrbHbrx r4MriyJrbcoB, raAyrlr4x K Mo3ry.
fnno'ra.uailryc:
. or cJlyxoBbrx, BxrycoBbrx, o6osxrentHbrx I,I opraHHbrx peqemopoB;
cloAa I,IAyr I4MnyJIbcbI
o6ecneqHBaer KoHTpoJrb H lIHTerpaqI,IIo aBToHovuofi HepeHofi cucreMsr (ocHonuofi pefyntrop AesreJibnocrr4
'
opraHoe);

' KoHTpoJIs BLIAeJIeHHI 6offiuuHcrsa ropMoHoB sHAoKprzHHofi'cncreruu qepe3 cBi3b c rrano$nsorra;

t peryJrHpyer reMneparypy: onpeAeJieHHbre xJIerKH B ranoraJraMyce pa6oraror KaK repMocrar.
. peryJlnpyer npr.{eM nHrqn qepe3 2 qeurpa:
a) qeurp roiroAa: ns ro6Hslx Aorefi BbIXoArr HepBHbre BoJroKHa, Koropbre yrHeraror 3Tor rreHTp;
6) qernp HacbIIrIeHi4t, H3 Hefo BLIXoATT HepBHbre BorroKHa, Koropbre yrHeralor I-IeHTp roJIoAa;
. peryrtrpyer )KDr(Ay;
. qepe3 mau6uuecxylo cucreMy yqacrByer B Bocnpnrrrnu 3anaxoB.

75
 MMIrI (HAllI AOM' oi43nanartA,fl r{E/toBEKA,
B. Morxeqox.
3ron.ropaxnoBeJr'iHI-InHecTpyK1-ypaMo3|a.tr4ueer2nonvn:aollg'..,i
@yHrqnu:
' KOOpAT'{HHpyer noAcoggare"fir'sre ABr4xeHHr cKeJrerHbrx Mbrrru: : ' ; :

. " ,
[OAIepX?rBaeT paBHoBecHe;no3]: OcaHKy. '

I- Creon Molra. Brcrroqaer s ce6r qacrb 3aaHero Mo3fa. Becb cperHnfi vo:r H qacrb fieperHero Mo3ra.
I) npoloJrroBamrfi uosg '

2) t\{ocr,
3) per!.{Kyn.rpHax $opnaaqnx. :

tr) f{poqo,rroearLrfi Mo:r: 'tt: .'

. 3ICCb NPOXOA.qT H NCPCKPCIqHBAIOTC' BCE BOCXOT'U{HE I,I HIICXOAfiIqI4C TPAKTbI, KOTOPbIC CB'3bIBArcT TOIOEHOfi
H cntlHHo}"l ;r'to:r.
-
Tarcult o6pa-so[,r. nnasofi noroevHoft Te.qa ynpaBnter JreBoe nonyuapue,
t 'r---' a- reeoil
. cepAeqHbrii qeHrp, orBerraroull,ril sa r{cc u cltny..po.u,io,* coxpauleHnfi
- npu"oa.
. AbrxarerrbHsrfr qeurp, ,"-""
. cocyAoABararersHufr qeHrp (perylrzpyer AhaMerp cocy4on),
. peryJrHpyer pa6ory opraHu3Ma s 6ecco:HareJrbHoM cocrorHHl,r,
' ryr 6epyr uavalo HeKoropLle qepenHlle HepBbr (uanpianaep n.vagus - 6nyx<,4anu1r.rfr uepe),
c ueHTp ntoraHuJl, KaIUJtt.
2) Mocr- coerflHrler cnnHl;oft Mo3t H roroeHoil Mo3r, a raK)r(e qacrn roroBHoro Mo3ra Mex(qy co6ofi,
Haxo4urcn
no.tr Mo3xeqKoM

3) Pernxyaff prrafl $opnaaqur:

. KOHTpOJIL HaA ypoBHeM CO3HaHH-rr;
o ueHTp cua N 6o4pcrBoBaHu.[]

' coprHpoBKa Bcex BxoAtlrlefi nH$opualrau H nepeAaqa uan6olee ea>KHofi K Bbrcrru4M crpyKT'ypaM. HepnHrre
nyTI'I co Bcero reJla I{Me}oT orBeTBJIeHI,It K perHl(yxqpuoft
$oprvraqaH H nocTaB.rrrroT K nefi qe:Ibrfi noToK
I'IMIryryILCOB' a OHa paoCblnaeT IIX B cOoTBeTcTByTOIIIHe IIeHTpbl I-OJI0BHOIO
MO3ra, rAe Cr{rHa.Irbi CO6uparOrcx,
aHaJl!{3Hpylorc.[ H Bbl3blBalor orBerlryrc peaKqHro. Eclu qro-ro Merrraer 3ToMy npoueccy
HJrH 3aMeAtrser ero,
To rreJroBeK Tepser co3HaHue (i<opa uo:ra reprer amunHocru)

flpaxrxuecxoe flprrMerrenr{e 3naur{fi o nao:re

d VnpaxHsq Iuosr B pa3HbIX c$epax H pa3Hr,IMrr Mero.qaMn, err cnoco6crByere yArr.{HeHgro
AeHnpnros. r{er4
lIHHHee AeHApHTbI, rena 6olrrue flpocrpaHcrBa Atrr o6pa^:osauufi HoBbrx cnxancoB.
'/ B Mosre estpa6arsteaercl Heiiporpodnqecru.rfi Sarcrop BerrlecrBo, Koropoe crr4My;rupyer oopa:osaHue
-
ue n po n rt or no Bpex'.eHI'I'
;H ffir-*
.
;,|.;Xff *ffi .

yMepeHHsre {nsuuecKHeynpax{HeHHq;
Hcrlo.llb3oBaHfie Mo3ra Bo BceBo3Mox(Httx c$epax yMcraeHHofi aKTHBHScrr{;
'
Croecc - cnllHulfi ta ocrpslfi finH xpoHutrecrcnft yMeHb[raer o6pa:onaune uefiporpoQr4r{ecKoro $arcropa.
oa*plqecxpr HaIII xapaKTep flBnterct coBoKyrlHocrbro IIpI,IB'ITI.K: Irocry[arb HMeHHo raKJ a He I,IHarIe,
M'I.JII,ITb B
TaKoM pycle, AeJIaTb HMeHHo TaKHe ABn)KeHHt' peafl4poBaTb TeM HJIIZ qro-lu6o,
lpyrrarra cnoco$ona ua ecTb nMeHHo
TaK, cnarb tl npocLrnarbcq B onpeAeJIeHHOe BpeM{-r,r r,4. Eor roBoprrr o roM, r{To
eAuHcrBe HHOe, r{TO Mbr CMO)KeM
B3trb c coGoft Ha se6o - 3To HaIx xapaKTep, H HMeHHo oH orrpererur Harily npurcAHocrb AJrr xr,rrenbcrBa Ha He6ecax
c 6esrperuuuMr4 cyrqecrBaMu n caMhM Eoro*r.

flDrasrlqxH nant npuo6peraeM IIpH MHoroKparHoM noBTopeHr,rr4 Tex r4lrr.{ HHbrx

Aeficrenfi. B uarueu Mo3re nDH
KaxAoM 4eficrnnn, MbICJIH HMnynbcbl npoxoAqr qepe3 pflA cr4HancoB. Fcru geficrufie
MHofo pa3 noBTopqar"", ro
Mexqy HepBHbIMI4rKilerKaMn, Koropble nepeAaror rzH$opnaaqraro o6 erona geftcrenn, o6pa:yercx
MHoro clrHancoB, AJrt
rolo' vrobst npH cJleryrcqeM TaKoM xe Aeftcrsiat{ LlMrtyrlbc nor 6rrclpee nepeAaBarbcr or rcrrerKg x xrerne. Brr
3aMeqaJlh' qro HeKoropue Aeilcrsnr Bbt BblnoJlHtere, KaK 6u anrovarnqecKu,
Aaxe He 3aryMbrBascb o :HHX - 3To
craJlo Bo3MoxHbIM 6larogapr o6pa:oaaHurc 6onuuoro KoJIHqecrBa cuHafrcoB HaTry.tv
npoxoxneHl{rr HepBHr,rx.
HMnyJIbcoB, oTBeqaloqux 3a 3To Aeilcrer{e. V eac c$opnar4poBa;Iacb npI,IBbIr{Ka.
Ec;ru sat\a FryxHo ocraBnTb oAHy
76
 MMIII (HAIII AOM> OH3l4OJrcTVfr I{EJIOBEKA
npi4BblqKy u npllo6pecrr4 Hosyto, ro HoBble cnHancbr B Mo3fe, no KoropbrM 6yAer6erarr
HepeHrtft uMnynbc. ilpu orora HoBbrx"u*'"y*"oco3trarb
cuHancoB r,onlnHo 6urr 6onsue, rreM crapbrx (4rx crapofi nplrrrrvioa), qro6rr.
oHi4 Ko,,rruqecrBeHr{o nepeBecHJILl I4 nol{otnn HMrrynbcy cKopee noftru no HoBoMy rryru, qeM no crapoMy. 3aMeme, ,
qro crapble cuHancbr Hnr(y.qa He AeBarcTcfi, n ecilt4 Bbr peur4Te BepHyrbcr rc cgoefi crapoii nplrBbrqKe, To y Bac yxe .r
6yEyr rorosble cuHarrcbr Anr ee Bocnpor43Be[eHur, H He HaIo 6y4er lruoro BpeMeHH na $opruupouusl4s €rrl€
6olsuero nx Ko.r-n4qecrna. lloeronay cronT MHon4xycunvil nepeyqnTbcr, ocraBu'rb nlorylo npHBbrr{Ky ,r.il,:
flonaunre, qro KilKAoe saure AeftcrBae r,rJru MbrcJrr, ocraB;rrror cJreA B Harueu uo:re, ciafafirecr naNArlft pa3 cAenarb
npananrHufi nsl6op, srt6pars nparulrHstft, yro4Hrrfi Eory xo4 urtcreii r,r 3To noMo)Ke'r nanr cSopnar4poBarb
H3Haqa-[LHo xoporu]Ie npuBbrqKr,r, qro6rt B nocneAcrBnr4 He nepeyr{HBarbcg.
MolHtecr o Eoxreft MyApocrn lt Ero no4ureJlbcrBe B npr4Hrrnu xar 6oru,ruux, TaK H Manbrx peureunfi. Her Hrzqero
MajrosHaqau{efo - HpI Ae"rra, HI4 MbrcJrH. :

flospexc4eHne ro6Hrrx noreii eener r:

,/ ocra6reuuro MopanLHbIX cur;
/ 'cs4uansnofi senorHoqeuHocrrz (nor-epq covyacrnlai,r cogrpa4aular n 4pyrgna); l
'/ ocna6leHnl,o AanbHoBHAHocrla (Hecnoco6socrl npeABr,rAerb Bo3MoxcHbre noclegcrnux),
,/ yrpare cnoco6Hocrn K caMoaHaJru3y,
,/ ytput. caMoKoHTpolr (xnacroncrBo, Bpaxre6uocrr, arfpeccnr);
/ necnoco6socru a6crpaxrHo MbrcJrHTr,; I'
,/ secnoco6nocrr4 noHr,rMarb ruurer-opupr (:nprzruu)l :

,/ cHr{xeHr4ro qyBcrBa roMopa;

./ ocla6lesurc cnoco6soctlr K pelueHnro MareMaruqecnlrx 3a.qaq;
{ ocla6resnro rraMrru (oco6eHHo HeAaBHHx co6tnnii);
,/ 3HaqHTeJrLHofr orsret€en4ocru BHr,tMaHut;
,/ Hecnoco6so crrr cKoHIIeHTplrpoBarbc{ Ha r{eM-To (leryuecrs rrrstclefi );
,/ Hecra6arrsocru eoo6por(eHnr u enaoqnfi;
{ riaccl4BHocrl{, HeAocrarKy LTHHIIHaTT{BHocrn;
,/ 6espa:lnuurc K Apyri4M nroAqM.
:

@aKropu. nospexnalourae ro6Hule nor H:

. lpex - npeHe6pexeuue lro6una LI3 3aKoHoB, yrrpaBnflIou{ux Haurefi Nu3Hb}o (ne:anucnnnocrr, or Eora, crapauuR
upuo6pecrn Forona npeAycMorpesnrre.6larocJroBeHHr He3aKoHHbrM nyrervr).
o flospe)K,{eHl4e crpyKTyp Mo3m - TpaBMa roJroBLr, uHoyr6r, rurrepreruH-fl, HapyureHue Mo3roBofo
rcpoeoo6pauleHI,tf , HeKoropr,re NIeIHKaMeHTbt.

" Ko$eus.
,/ Hapyuraer 6ucrpyrc o6pa6orrcy raH$opuaqnr.r; "
./cHH)KaeTcnoco6gocrbKBbInoIHeHHrccJ]oXHbIx3aAaq;':
'/ ycrilrlrBaer orBJreKaeMocrb, pacce{HHocrb; : '

./ 3aMeAJrrer cKopocrb peaKr-lr4rl B KpHTHqecKr4x curyaqlu{x;

./ yMeHb[iaer rrpr,rroK KpoBr4 K Mo3ry; ]. ,' :

,/ ycqnr4Baer s$$ercru crpecca Ha HepsHylo rr 3HAoKpraHHylo clrcreMbr; : ,' ','

{ y cvrr4Baer HanpfflteHue, 6ecnoxoft crno, TpeBory;
/ BLIcoKpre Ao3L,t cHuxcalor creneHb yAoBonbcrBht; :'. .:
,/ BbrcoKUe Ao3br ycH-rrxBalor arpeccuro H Bpar(Ae6socrs.
.Annorols:::':'
{ ,napyuaer flpoqecc pacno3HaHr,lr, npoHrrUaeMocrb ra cyx4etlae; '
/ .ylteuturaer cno,co6socrb npotHo3upoBaria, la"nrHonn4nocrb-, i , '

,,
. ,/.. yMeHburaer caMoKoHTponb;
',
'/ yMeHb[Iaer cnoco6Hocrs a6crparrHo MbrcJu,rrl i,r 3aMeArrer crcopocrr otnera;
'/ pa3py[Iaer cepoe BelqecrBo Mo3ra H cnoco6crsyer yMeHbtrreHn]o Kopbr Mo3fa.
o l(ypenue: ::
/ cnoco6crayer pa3Br{Tr4}o arepocKnepo3a;
./ Bbr3brBaer HeAopa3Burne Mo3ra y ruroAa;
./yABa}rBaeTpI4cKpa3BHTI,IflIeMeHuI,{u(c-'ra6oyr,,rr,rr);
./ yBenHqr4Baer pHcK HHcyJTbra.
r flepeeAarilaeyx.i4uraernaMrrb.

It,
 MMlli (HAIII A0M, QIA3WOilOfLt.fl r{EIOBEKA
@yHxquoHanbHbte cnoco6irocrn Haurero M03ra cefoAHr Mory'r
6rrrr cHuxe"o,
cr'e'rn l5 'rer Ha:aA' 99 'rerosex B Bo3pacre 75 .,rer , atup*a ilpoxo/luitn "r.nrrno,";;;;;, xoropsrfi vrr
oSc,reAosaHpe c ue,,.1,ro ycraHoBHrb crelei{b
$yuxquoHa,rbHblx cnoco6uocreii r* y*a. Te n: iil.rx, nro n.p..E- , tgle;. ;,;;;;nu.ur.n,
r. Hhxe, B cpaBHeHI.rH c reMH. KTo ,HTa,rc, HopMaJIbHo. r - '-' J
ocrporbr "- n 199 i
vua
Bsleon: ynorpeoleHHe I'{3nI'uIKa xa"nopuft B MoiloroM Bo3pacre ycKoprer
npoqecc yua n
cTapocTH. "..'uprr^r.roc,ra6:reHnr
flporrycrc 3aBTpaKa oKa3brBaer seraruBnoe
1
flpolrrrrerct
BnlflHt4e na gellefi.
3To B cHw)KeHr4w cnoco6nocrr4
pe[rarb 3aftavv e r]oo6eleHHoe BpeMrr. Xopourrzil 3aBTpaK yrryquraer
cnoco6uocrb peueH,r 3aAari B ynae. cnoco6Hocrb K KoHueHrpau,r.r
BH,MaHH; ;;;*r;;;;;;.* ;;r'o'#;'
H3IHIUKoM ra,ropufi. VvepeHHocrb B eAe y B3pocn6rx ynlLruaer
cKopocrb peaKuHH.
r Porc*uy:rrca. . ,.1

B nccreAosauun 6panu 3 rpynnul xprtc. llepeo fi Aaaurcnyuiarb poK-My3brKy,

eropoil ; KnoccHHCCKylo My3brr(y,
rperrefi - He AaBuLrlH cnymarb HHr{ero. Bcex xpstc noABeprnu .tu"guptnl*y
r".rrpo*uHrr}o B na6upuHre. B nepnsul
AeHb Bce 3 rpynnrr noKa3anH oAHHaKoBo xoporuue pr.ynrrur",. x r<oHuy
s-fi ;*pa, r4 Tperb, 'iHa
3ayqvnw npannllultfi rryTb K nHure B ;ta6wpuwre. <Porc> rpynna ""a"n, B nogcKax n^rtfpynnbr
Bce rarcKe 6.rryxq4a,ra 3To
rpar4ila oqeHb MHoro BpeMeHH. floc,re rpex i{erenb or.yrfr", My3r}rKH
(poK) rpynna Bce eiqe niloxo cilpaBjlsJlacb c la6upunroM,
*pt,; ;po;;trpou-" .no"u. b;;;"
nposBJrrr Hapyilreur.re'KoopAr.rHarrun.
cllpaBn.flnHcb c 3aIaHueM 6uerpee, AoKa3brBar TeM caMLiM, riTo.ux lne opyJa .pynn",
o6yveHue 6st:io:q6"rcHBHo 3aKpenrreHo.
t XpoHtzuecxuii crpecc yMeHb[Jaer rr'rnnoxaMn. o6racru Mo3ra, noropu,
r4rpaer BaxHy]o ponb B ,
3ANOMHHAH14H. "oyra"r,

I' {yxoeHlIe ynpa)ImeHun- u3yuelweBwlnuu,Bonnou{eHue Boxsllx noeereHufi B xH3Hb.

2. 3aulnra or HerrocpencrBeHHoro noBpexleHllr.
3. Xopomee nnTaHr.re:
t AOCTaroqFIoe nocrynneHl'{e rJltoKo3bi H3 ymeBoAHCTbix rIpoAyKTOB,
6Orarslx x]rervarroft;
' AOCTaTOT{uoe norpe6reHlae 6elKa, BHTaMHHOB fpynnbr B n eurar\,{fiHa E:
€ ofpaHur{eHi.{e caxapa H caxapcoAepxaulHx rrpoAyKTOB.
I4ccreAoeaH'e [oKa3ailo, r{ToMarbr{HKI,t, B Atiere Koropblx 6rt,'ro naa,qo caxapa, npeBocxor'nl{
cBoHX cBepcrHHKoB
(roroplre eiII{ MHoro caxapa) s cnoco6Hocru cocpeAorar{HBarb BFiHMaHrae
H AaBarL rrpaBg;rr,Hr,re orBerbr. -faxoe
orjll{gpie HeJIb3t o6r'qcHI'Irs creneHLlo IQ, coquairrHblM crarycoM porr4Ten
efi unu"t"rrat"*o
t HcxJlroqeiJue MsQa: ynorpe6leHHe Mflca yrHeraer 3nelffpprqec{y}o aKTHBHocrr o6pa:onauuocru.
no6ur,lx .qonefi (cnugoe
Mflco Ha 50%)' Cautstu pacnpocrpaHeHHbtM HcrotrHaKoN4 upu*r4o"ouofi
xuc,roru qBrflerc, usco. oHa
Meuaer eslpa60rre H HaKOnJIeHHro auer'4nxoJ'Ha *.4ruropu, o6..n.ur"u*il;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
hMrryrbcoB
-
MexAy HepBHbiMH KrerKaMH. CHnxeHlle ypoBHt aqerplJrxorruHa cBri3aHo
yMcrBeHHbrx cnoco6so creil.
,n"*an**
"o
c xopolunft 3aBrpaK ynyquaer rlaMrrb u 6emocrs peqfi y .[erefr, rrpeAynpexraer
pa3BHTr4e :a6oleaaul.rfr,
Koropble MoryT noBpe)KAarb no6usre 4oau.
. norpe6,reHne xa,ropnfi aolxHo coorBercrBoBarb nx rpare.

;*.:',Jf ljn'J#ffi;:HrffiJllil;i.",,Jl#il,LX,X;'*XX'"H.,T::;:::ffi:,ffi#;#:1":i.ff1JJ
r{acro' B KpoBeHocHofr cncTenae ruo:ra
Ha6lrc4a}orct gacroftHrre flBJreHr4t. Kor4a Mo3f irocrotHHo rrepeyroMrrercr,
a
$usnuecxnx ynpaxHeHuft HeAocrarorlHo, Aaxe npocryro nHrqy cneryer ynorpe6rqrr, yMepeHgo.
or6poclre :a6o*t il6ecnoroilHljle MLI.JTH, He cneiurzre, erubre-Me,LqeHHo, Bo ao,
"oa*"
puoo"r"J,;';il;;;;,?n"J#."rrr,,
6naroAapHocra Eory 3a Bce Ero 6laroc,roBeHur). " i ::
4. CneNufi Bo3Ayx. :
orpuqarelrHo 3apfi)I(eHHble hoHbt cBe)Kefo Bo3Ayxa ynyquaror yMcrBeHHyro
n $r,r:nuecnyro aKrasHocrr.
"-'"
:

5' or4rx. Bo npeux cHa npo,cxor'r BoccraHornlnr. *.ron ; ;.;";;;a;;.

6.V.lHrecs cnpaBnrrbcr co crpeccoM. "..* "r;6"rr;
Hecuorpx Ha ro, r{To crpecc y"t r"eu"t 6rure:rsHocrb, Mblcrrr4reruuHii
aHarlHTI{riecryrc cnoco6Hocrb, TBopqecKoe MbtIUJIeHHe H
npoqecc (rar< neo6xoAr,rMbrft glr o6yveuur),
! onrfiMarbr-ry}o naMrrb. Ho crpecc-aopnoo"ory--*""r*u*,
npHror( KpoBH K MO3ry.
7 ' Ea-qaHc pa3Hblx cnoco6Hocrefi ynaa. Ha orou
SoHe aeHapuTbr craHoBrrcr Anr4HHee u 6o,nee
pa3BeTB'IIeHHbIMH' a 3TO B CBotO OqepeAb
nOMOraeT B cO3AaHuLt HOB6IX cHHarIcOB. B ficC;1enoea HU'X c

78
 , , MM1II (F{AIII AOM, OH3I4O ilOfVIfl,iqEJ]OBEKA
,. Yj]tutr, Hau6o,tstttlzfi :{$exrraKorc 6a,raFlca oKa3brBaqc ni ita uVcru Me?ra, orBeriarcu1i4e 3a naMrrr,
.
obyueHiae. '
:: , :r::
14

:|,,
Pa:eersafirec6a;raHcupoilauiryro*"a*". ' '
8. r':,
cqac*e saduciii ot.tp*onr"toro pL"^u.a Qu:uvecxoro, yMcrBeHHoro, coru4rlnbHoro, BoreBoro
acneKToB .tLrqHocru. Crc4a raxxe BXoAHT eo3nepxaHLre.
g, af*rno*''. '

9. orcy'rcrevte 3ro,3Ma rBJrrerct oc"o"or'ra"noao HcrHHHoro pas*VTt4s,. :

Mo:r u crapenue.
' .:.
r, tr l

l. lrolAepxHBa ft.re onranra-nbHoe BbI4ereHHe :t : : : '

aqerl,IJrxorr,IHa: :
'/ ilptrcrpacrHe rc rco$euucoAepx€ull4M npoAyKraM cHH)Kaer nsrpa6orry uq"r"r,*on"ru; :

'/ apaxl'{AoHoBaq Kl'lcrora (uxco, oqeHb MHoro uacna) cHrDraer mrpa6orrcy

auerurrxonr4Ha.
2. 3asulrafirecb {u:nuecnnMh }r yMcrBeHHLrMrz ynpaxHeHnrun:
'/ $usn'recxue ynpilKHeHHt 3HaqHTeJibHo cHnlKaror Hanp$KeHHe,.qenpecculo, pa3ApaxctaTeninorr",
3JlocTb,HapqAycyrryvureHraeMI{HTeJIJleKTyttlIbHbIXcnoco6uo.r
/ y no)Ktubrx lroreft Snsuuecrcax u*r"""o.i, ynlvrrssa
Aerren;Hocrb ceHcopHo-voropuofi cgc-TeMbr,
KOTOpat orBeqae'r 3a KoopA[HaUr4]O 14 Cta6urrsocrb noJloxeHHr.
3. OmaN{a,trHoe nHTaHpIe:
'/ roesxnfi xnp cHnlraer 3nacrur{Hocrr ven6paH KlqeroK roJroBHoro Mo3ra y Kpbrc;
{ ceporoHHHTyBcrBHTeJIbHble Heftpousl cK-roHHbr x 6olee 6stcrporvy arup"r*o,
ua,
KarexoJraMHHr{yBcrBhrenrHrre Hefi poHrr.
"/ orpaHprqei{H{ B Aplere B 3KcilepHMeHTe c )Kr{BorH6IMH iloKa3anH xcporrrufi pesylr-rar B 3aMeAJreHHH
npoqeccoB crapeHnt cepoJoHHHqyBCTBI'lreJrbHbrx crpyKTyp Kopbr fonoBHoro
vo:ra (ecJrH 3TH
ofpaHHqeHI4,flHe6lL'I|4BBeIeHbIBcJII4lIIKoM}oHoMBo3pacre)

2.CuuHsoft nro:r
Crpoesue:
e flBr{ercxxai< 6lr npo.qon)KeHi4eM foJroBHoro Mo3ra;
t pac[orafaercf B CnHHHOMO3TOBOM KaFIare rIo3BOHOqHnra (AlnHa oKoJro 40
crra) B Br4Ae ror-rcrofo 6eloro
' rxFrypa;
o 3aKaHqHBaercfl Ha ypoBHe notcHHqHOtrO OTAena no3BOHOqHHKa H
nepexoAl.IT B TtX( I43 ArIHHHbrx HepBoB
moucxaii xBocr' -
c HMeer cepoe (r ueHrpe, B BhAe 6a6ovrcra) u 6eloe (nonpsrnaer cHapyxra)
Berr{ecrBo;
. noKpbrr raKHMt4 Ne o6oloqxaMfi, KaK H ro:roeHofi Nro:[
. or Hero orxoAr,rr 3l napa cnhHHo;vro3foBt,lx HepBoB,
cocraBe npoxoAsr ttyBcrBl'ITerbutre (sa4Hufi KopemoK - or :a4ueft qacrn
B I'IX
cnprHnoro nao:ra) u
-.or repeAHefi .{amn cnraHHoro vosra) BorroKHa, Koropbre ,nn"p"rpy*,
::::,T:T,::::jl.-f"*ri11n.ron
opraHbr, N,tbIIIrLIbr, Koxy H T.A.;
Ha noBepxHocrH 3aAHero KopeuKa ecrb yronlqeHne, o6pasoBaHHoe
' I43 TeJr vyncrnurerrHbrx
' H BcraBor{HbIX
(coeguHurenrHtx)
- ranmufi;
:
KJreroK
qacrb orpocrKoB orBeqalor 3a HHHepBaunrc
' t{ nHTaHue o6o,roqex cnnHHoro Mo3ra.

(DvHrunu cnnsuoro t,totra:

' T*::".f qyBcrB,renbHocrb H ABHX.HH. rerra, a raKxe

BMecre c rorroBHbrM Mo3roM
ii :^"6t-:l:]Baer
peryJrr{pyer Ae.rrTeJrbHocrb BHyTpeHHHX opfaHoB.
o flpooo4xu{as - o6ecneqHeaer cBt3b 14 cornacoBaHiryro paOory Bcex orAeJroa
HepeHofi ct{creMbr.
$IC ra neprz$epu.{ecKofi

t{eIosdKAoTpoHync'pyrcoftK.o'no.QbrnaIoTHM[y.Iibc:IIo"yu.""",.n,'",'
BonoKHaM K cnI'IHHoMy Mo3ly. qacTb 3TI'IX pIMITyJILcoB HeMeArIeHHo
nepeAaerct K ABI,Irare.[bHbIM ueftpoHau, Koropbre
ABHx(elI'{e Mllrllu pyK 14 Kncreft, n ueronerc $prcrpo aBroMarnqecK?r orAepHeT:pyrg.,ApJrar qacrb
l?TLl"llyT3
HM[yJIbcoB ABHx(erc{ BBepx no cnIzHHoMy Mo3ry u nepelaeicx
uHrepueftpoHaM' K qr"iur"niuro*;;;po";;
aeaxeHl4e IIreH I'I ruIa3. fo,roea u illa3aaBroMarurrecru noBopaqrrBaerc{
i::-lp-*Yjoltuu
oAHarpynnaIaM[yJIhcoBAoxoAHTAoronoBHoroMo3ral1BI,I3bIBaeToco3HaHHefopgqeron6onu,:.]
K Hcror{Hn1y,6oma. Eule

t9
 ,:,' : itr114rrr:{(HAIU
AOM, OI43l4O ]IOTWfl TIEIOB'EKA
Brreoa.
i-{eHrpora ynpaBneHl4t H KoHTpons Bcero reira, ,"ourfi u vuuireHnr Eol onpege.qrzn ueHTparrbHyrc HepBHyro
cHcreMy - ro'rogHofi u cnuuHofi vo3r. Bce, rtro M6r renaer vlIrh He.aelaeM, Ho
ronxHbr AenarL. Btrnrer Ha
tretrerbHocrr groil ct{creMbl, :ru6o ycn.;ruBat ee, :ru6o ocra6;trl. r{epe: Mo3r qeJroBenu o"v,rl""t"nrbr.":"u"ri
Eorou, Ero c.norov, CecrrlN't Ayxor',r: or $yHrcrlnona,rrsofi cnoco6soctl.r'Harueib'rrroiia'6y4er "
:aerac"r;'-"".;ft;
3Toft cefl3n, a3*avrv\ Hanre [peo6pa3oBaHr,re s Ero o6pas.
. ,:::: _:,, . .:i.,: l:-. :t: :..: , .i
'l:rft l. r ', r:

flomaurnee 3agaHrre.
llo4roronnrcfi K cAaqe recroB no reue <I-{eHrparrbHar HepBHar cucreruCi>.
'a .1. i - ,:'._"..''. :

i ri-

i. t:: .];

.?:iY
':

80
 MMIII (HAru AOM>> Qn3l4ofiOfnfr qEJIOBEKA

I eMa. tlepBHaq cHcTeMa. ''.

l-Ioareua. flepnsepnvecKafl HepBHafl cHcreMa.

Ilepn{epuvecKafi HepBHaff cucrema - Hepnbr, Koropbre nepeHocrr HMmynbcbr or A K rle}rrparbHoft Hepsnoft

CI,ICTCMC:
I) couaruvecxarr HepBHar cHcreMa cocrot4T H3:
r{yBcrBHTeJlbHbIX HepBOB, KOTOpbre nepeHocgr
' HMnynbcbr or Ko)r(H 14 MbIIIrq X I{HC;
' I[BHrarerlr'Hbix HepBoB, Koropble nepeHocffT HMnynbcbl or ffiC K MbIIrIr{aM, crnMyrr4pyq HX coKpauleHge.
2) sererarusuar (anroHouHax) uepeuafl cvtcreMa, Koropaq nepeAaer rau$opuaquro or i${C
n n BHyrpeHHnM
opraHaM ^.n..u*
' cHMnarHr{ecKas - noMofaer pearHpoBarb Ha crpeccoBble cn.ryaqraH;
c napacHMnarur{ecKat - peryr}rpyer noBceAHeBHyro AeqrenbHocrr, H orAbrx.

Kpynuue HepBbI (43 napu) orxoA{r or crpyKTyp UHC: I 2 nap us rluxHefi r{acrrz fonoBHoro Mo3ra
('{epenHoMo3roBble Heperr) u 3 I napa - H3 cnuHHoro Mo3fa (cnraHnonao:roBbre Hepssr).

9epenuomo3ronbre rrepBbr (IIMH),

O6cnyxuualor opraHLI tIyBcrB lI MLIIuqbr roJloBbr. OrHaxo oAHH r{3 r{MH 6.ryxq4arou1aft Hepr (X
-
o6cnyxlanaer opmHbl nHIrIeBapeHI'{q, ceprqe n 6poHxu. r{acrr qepenHbrx HepBoB coAepx€r
napa) -
roJrbKo ABi4rareJrbHbre
BoJ'loKHa (III, IV VI, XI' XII), vacrr roJIbKo qyBcrBllTenbHrte (I, II,
VIII) u rracrr, cMerrraHHr,re no cocraBy (V, VII, IX,
X)' B cocraB HeKoropblx gMH exo4rlraK)Ke napacr4MnarnqecKr4e BoJroKHa
4rtr rnaAKr4x Mbpslr u cepAequofr
Mbrrrrqbr, a raKxe Iirs xeJre3 (III, VII, IX, X).

Cnns uoruorroBbre rrepBr,r (CMH).

€ oTXOA.rrT OT CnHHHO|O MO3ra qepe3 onpeAeneFiHbre npoMe)KyTKH;
c IIo cocTaBy BcerAa cMeixaHHLIe;
o o6clyxHBalor Bce rlacra TeJra Hnxce ruen;
e naxAr'li HepB co.{ep)Kl'tr ABufareJlsnr#r (nepe4uuit) u qyBcrBurensurrft (:a4Hufi) roperuox;
o trpa BLIX0Ae I43 cnHHHoro Mo3ra KopeIxKLI coeAplHs]orc x, alpasyx HepB, Ho r.axAaq,fpynna
BoJroKoH
npoAonxaer 4eilcrnoearl He3aBhcHMo or 4pyroil;
o Ha ueoolrruolt paccrofiHun or crIHHHoro Mo3fa xaxrsrfi HepB pa3BerBJrgerct,
I,r Kar(Aoe orBerBreHl,re, B cBoro
oqepeAl, Aerurcq Ha MHoIl(ecreo 6oree MeJrKI,rx; TaKHM o6pasou,
$oprraupyercr uenar cerb, Koropafl
oxBarbrBaer onpeAeneHHrrfr yuacrox rela.

Co*raruqecxas senluas cncrema {CHC).

! Haxo4nrc.u noA nocroqHHblM KoHTpotreM co3HaHH, r{eJIoBeKa.
OyHxqara:
I ) cooupaer raH$oprvraqralo or LtyBcrBHTerbHbIX peuefiTopoB opraHoB rryBcrB (r:ra:a, y,,rr4, Ko)Ka, Mblr]rrrbr
T.A.) nepeAaer ee B ronoBHofi uosr;
14 'r
2) nepegaer cHrHtulbl no ABHrareJIbHbrM BoJIoKHaM or IIHC n o6ecnequsaer, TaKHM
o6pasou, pa3rpr{Hbre
ABHX9HILI B orBer Ha 0HTHaJII'I, BocnpuHHMaeMbre opmHaMI{ r{yBcrB.

BererarneHaq Hepngaq cficreMa (BHC).

! He rcoHrpoJrr{pyercr co3HaHHeM qeiroBeKa.
oreeqaer 3a no.qAepxaHHe aBToMarHr{ecKHX (nporEcxo4xqnx 6e: yMcrBeHHbrx
HJlu KaKHx rn6o gpyrnx ycnrnfi
're:rouena) $yuxqr{ft ilIaAKoMLIureqHLIx opraHoB (opraurr nrul*"upa"rr, uoueeofi ny3brpb, JrefKae, nonoBLre opraHr,i,
KpoBeHocHbre cocy4sr), cepAqa H xerire3 (n rou qr{cJre r.1 euA0rcplruurrx).
Cocrour HcKJIIoT{HTenbHo M3 ABHrarenbHbIX HepBoB, 4eftcruyrorqprx KaK pene
Mexr6/ cnI4HHbIM Mo3roM H
pa3JrHqHbrMI,I MbTIIIIIaMH.

8,1
 ,: MM III ( HAIII A O Mr, @ pI 3 HOt Jl}l|Afr,q E/t O B E KA
Crpoenue BHC;
I . I-{eHrpa,rtHr,rfi orge;r:
t nuv6uqecKat clrcreMa - orBeLIaer 3a cJroxHbre noBeAeHr{ecKHe peaKu nv rnna nuuqeeofi, po4urerscrcofi,
no:roeofi.
' rHnoraJlaMyc - KoHTpo'TIl4pyeT AetTeJILHooTb Ecex 'Iacreil BHC, o6ecne.{I4sabr nocroqHcrBo eny-rpeHuefi
cpeAbr opraHa3lvla, KoHTporfipyer,4enrelrfloixr rnno$v3a, a 3HaqHT, u xcefi SHgoxpraHHofi cizcrelru.
' : Ifpo.4or'I.oearllit Mo3r - co4epiiar Arrxare,r'rttttrfi'lr cep4evHrrfi qeHrpsi. ': ' 1i'ir r' , '.
2. flepuSepraqecrcuii orreit - BonoKHa 14 yrnsl, cocro:flrJt4e v3 ABurarenbHbrx Ber-erarhBHrrx
HeiipoHoe:
' cnMnarHqecnnfi orreJl - pa6oraer no rl{ny <cxopof ttoMouln) - <o6opoHnficr rz Odri! n cryqae crpeccoeoft
c:l1ryal\Hkr. :r':: ' 'i. r:',:
' [apacl4Mnaruqecruft orIeJI - orBeqaer 3a noBceAHeBHyIo )Kt{3He4e.are,rsuocro
CultnaruqecKafl v ilapacuMnarHr{ecKas HepBHble cHcreMbr r{clonb3y}or pa3Hbre Merraaropbr
""nouanu.
(Hopa4peHnwrH ans CHC
H aIIerHJIXonvH Ailfl ilCHC) Ant neperaqpl laMnynbcoB, KilKAar !r3 HHX ycrpoeHa
no-cBoeMy H oKa3brBaer cBoe,
oco6oe 4eficreue Ha opraH, xoropsrfi o6c,ryxuraer.
EcLrn cra:arl e o6uel4, To 3TI,I ABa orAena BHC srrnorHrror nporuBonoJloxffibre poJrn. i,
cra. Ta6. BrrH"sHae BefeTaTHBHbrx HepBoB Ha BHyrpeHHHe opralrbr.

BsInog. '; '

Cesrstlu cBqrblx Ha[Iero opraHH3Ma flBJ]rerct ueHTp ynpaBreHHfl HarrHM TeJroM M03r. Bce
-
opraHH3Ma KoHTpoJIHpyIorct 3THM opraHoM 14 noArluHtlorcq eMy. Mti uoxent MLicJlHTb,
Qyurcr-iur4 Harrero
npuHaMarb pelrreHl,rfi, Aenarb
nrt6op, o6ularrcr c HarrrHM Tropuou prMeHHo 6laro4apt 3ToMy oplaHy.
@arrl'rqecrcn' Halrl xapaKTep, To, r{eM MLI gB.IIreMcq, onpeAenqercr HMeHHo c Bfl3gwr4) c4opuupoeaHHbrMr{
Haur xaparcrep - 3To $ariop oripege:uroquft, n xouqe KoHqoB, Hailry BeqHylo yqacrb. ,
- B Mo3fe.
'
Ocnxrqeunrffi xapai<rep - 3To erI4HcrBeHHoe, qro MbI cMoxeM B3qr6 Ha Hedeca. Ha;u Heo6xonumo <6olrure
Bcefo
xpaHllMoro xpaHHTL) Ha[I Mo3r or Beero, r{To HecBrro H Hequcro, qro6tr:Hu.{ro He cnoco6crBoB:u]o
Sopnnnpoaauzrc
3Ia B HarrreM xapaKTepe r.r He oc,Taorrno Haruefo cirv)KeHH.s focno;iv.

{onraurHee latraHr{e.
llogrorowrrbc.s K cAa..re recroB no reMe <Hepauas cucreMa)).

82
 MMIII (HAIII {OMrl @m3VOJlOI-VIfr I{E/ICBEKA
Vpox.lt 11
Teua. 0prAxrr rryBcrB.
ftra:
flc.l00:3.
4:":l roBop'r: <He noloxy npel oriaMu MoHMH Ber,Ira Henorpe6Hofi>...
4;25-79 l:rasa.rrou nycrb nptMo cMorprr, H pecHuubr rBoH Aa HanpaBneHbr 6yayr npqMo npe4 ro6oro.
\yy""
uoAyMaH cre3rc 4nt HorI'I Tsoefr, I{ Bce rlyrl4 "rBoH Ia 6y4yr ruep4li..He yuousitcs nu HanpaBo,
HH HaneBo; y1an1
HOry rBoro or 3J1a, [no'rorr,ly r{To [yrH npaaue Ha6r]oAaer focno4r, a ireBbre HcnoprieHLr.
- bo ,*. np"ru,*, a4.rru",
rryrrz rBoH. H ruecrBprfl TBoH B vupe ycrpour.]
2Kop. 3:18i'Mir xe Bce orKpbtrbtM .nHIIeM, KaK B 3epKane, E3,par Ha cnaBy locnogHro, npeo6paxaeMc{
B Tor )Ke
o6pa": or cJraBbr B cnaBy, KaK or locno4Hx fyxa.

Auarorunn opraHa 3peHrls :

o ma3H0e tonoKo.
. 3aIrII{THbIe r{acrn rna3Hofo qdnoKa _ rra3HHI{a H BeKI,I,
. npHIarKH rna3a - cregnrrfr H gBlrfarenburrfi annapar.

l:ra: noruleu{aercg B rcocruofi Brla.ql{He qepena rJrasHnlle, noropaa o6ecilequBaer eMy 3arqlrry. y
-
HaxoAI4TCt 3pl{TenbHog orBepcrH.e, qepe3 Koropoe npoxoAtrr B norocrb r{epena
eeprunHrr rJIa3HHubr
spnrelrHsril Hepr.

Crpoeune masuoro s6nora:

a. rcun.y*n*u 1.*.pu1.
E. CocyarEcrsrfi rparr (vacru cocyrnrrofi o6o,.ro.{xi{).
B. CnerovyncrBr4TeJrbHbr itt annapar cerr{arna.
-
llCneronpelou.ngrorrInftannapaT_pofoBHIIa'BHyTpu[na3}ra'x(}1AKocT},'XpycTaJIi,{K'cTeKJIoBHAHoeTeno.

O6oroqKH creurcN r,ra:Horo q6roxa:

c clilePa (:6eloic ma:a) H pofoBHua (npo:pavuoe orBepcrne B cxirepe, qepe3 Koropoe Br{AHo pa4vNxy)
HapyxHar o6oloqxal -
o cocyAl,Icraq o6oiroqxa - cpeAHrs;
G cerrrarKa-BHyrpeHHsto6o:roqxa.

flyrs nDoxoNneHns crrera:

Poronuqa - nepeAHss KaMepa rJla3a - paAyilfia (:pavon) - xpycrannK - crexJroBnAHoe reJro - cerqarKa r-Jra3a
(crerouyncrBl'ITeJIbHbIe KJIeTKH npeo6paryrcT cBeroBbre BoJrHbr B HepBHbre
nnanylrcsr) - spr.rreJrbHbrfr ueps -
3aTbIJrOqHbre IonH KOpbI rorloBHofo Mo3fa.

Hapyxnaa o6oroqna rJta3a.

Cm.nepa:
HapyxHag nJlorHat BoJIoKHHcrax o6orot{xa ffta3a, Koropag nogepxl,tBaer
' efo $op*y I,t BbInoJIHter
3arquTHyrc ponb or MexaHrzqecKux noepex4eHuft;
HapylKHax (ertcrynarcqafi n: rua:Hofi xnrnr,t) qacr6 cxnepbr noKpr,rra KoHbroHrrflrBofi,
' rcoropax nepexoAgT B
KOHbIOHKTHBy BeK.
PoronRrla:
. 3TO nepBat H3 JIUH3 rj]a3a;
. uMeer HenoABr{xHbrfi $oryc;
. onrlrr{ecKatr cr4Jla grofi lnH:rt orolo 2/3 0nrn.recrofi cHJIbr rra3a:
roJrrqHHa ponoBHubr 0,5 uu B qeHTpe n 1 uu B MeCTe npHKpenneHHr
' K cK_nepe,
HMeer 5 cnoee , caurtfi HapyNHrrfi 3nnTeJlu€tirrHstft (ronrquna 5 KJreroK,
' - - coorBerorByer Koxe reJra,
rloKpblT cle:gofr nreHxofi, Koropat I4Meer aHrHuH$eruluoHHbte areHTbt,
MexaHHrtecKH 3aull4lrlaer or nblJllt
Ap., npeAorBpau{aer Bbrc6rxaHHe gnHTeJru{, rBJrrercr onruqecxofi cpeAofi);
. cocyAoB He HM-ee! nl,rTaeTcr a3 BeTOr{eK oKpyxamqux ee aprepuft;
. oorara HepBaMI4.

83
 :''MMlIi (I{AIII AOM> OI43I4O nOfWfr qE/IOBEKA
CocyAucran o6o,ro'{xa r,"ra3a. i ::

Cocrour il: 3-x uacrefi, Koropbre BMecre H€r3btBaror yBeanbHblM TpaKToN,r:

l. co6creeHHo cocyAr{crafl o6o,ro'rra ua:a;
2. Ilu.qfiapHoe (:pecHnuuoe) re;ro; ' ' : :' ' '':': ' ;'
'' ' "''
3. paAy)KHat o6oro.Ixa r.rira pagyxlra (na4ulta s sn4e brpaureunord'roxbqa qepe3 poroellrry).

1 .Co6creeHlro cocyAucraq o6oJroqKa.

. cocToHT I,r3 coCyAoB pa3Horo ica,rra6pa; r" ' l

. BrtepeAu cocyAl,tcrat o6oloqna nocreneHno yronrqaercr ia:o6pa:yei oecHraqnoe re,ro. B ero cocraB BXoAprr
pecHHqHat l'trtH aKKoMoAaur4oHHar (ycraHamnnaer rJra3 Anr 3peHuq Ha pa3Hbrx paccroflHHrx) vurLuua:
a 4ofigl Ao rpaHuubt nepexoAa cxnepbr B poroBuuy, cocy4ucruil TpaKT nepexoSar s palyxnyro o6onoqxy c
oTBepcTfi eM frocepelfHHe - 3DariKoM:
. paAylKKa raMeel pa:Hoo6pa:Hyro oKpacKy, .{to :aeucxr'or cogepxaulerocr s Heft nHrN4eHTa - MenaHr.IHa;
n Hefi co4epxlzrct 2 nartnqu - oAHa (n nia4e 3aMxHyroro rcorlrla) noMeqeHa n:pavxouofi (6-nrlxe n:paurcy)
rracrpl paAy)KKr4 14 npv coKpaIrIeHHH cyxaeT npocBer 3paqKa, Apyfar Mbrrxqa pacnoroxeHa B To_fiilIe paApKKH
paAr4apHo (xan:ryun colHqa), a npu ee coKparleHr4i4 3paqoK pacmnprercfl.

Cerqarxa:
c caMafi cloxHar rro crpoeHulo v cauas, BaxHar{ no SyHxqlrtnt o6o:rouna;
e pacilono)KeHa c enyrpeHHefi cropoHbr or cocyAr4crofi o6olouxu;
. B cocraB cerqarKu exo4lrr ueilpoenare,rtifi e euge naloqerc lt xol6oqex:
,/ 3Tr.{ KJIerKi,r fi BJ'rfiIorct cBeror{yBcrBnre:ngirvu peqenropaM H;
./ trHci'ro HX orcolo l26rnrnn,H3 Ht4x 120 M,,ru naroqex u 6lrlH. iccn6oqer:
r' B narloqKax coAepxzTcfi ettpa6arsmaeur,tii nprrureHTHbrM 3nltreJrueM :piaremHslii rDi pnyp, oco6oe
3plaTerbHoe BeulecrBo - poAoncr.rH, xoropslii 6ucrpo pllr,araercfr noA eo:AeficrBaeM cBera;
'/ na-lottKH qyBcrBI4TeJIbHbr K MaroHHTeHcr.rBHoMjl cBery, oreer{aar 3a BHaeHHe B cyMepKax H He pa3nuqarcT
rlBeTa;
,/ e xo,t6oqKax coAepxuTct iio4oncHu. oHH orBer{a}or 3a uBeroorqyuleHue z pa6orarcr ronbKo rrp}r
AOCTaTOqHOM OCBeqeHI4I1;
nx oco6eHno MHoro B flMKe, KyAa Kpycraniarc Qorgicapyer cautrft qerxufi o6pa: * 3To rleHTpa;rbHoe
3peHHe; 6lnxe K KpaflM tMKI4 HaqHHaer rrponaAarb qacrb npeAMera - norBJrseTcx nepia$epnqecroe
3peHHe;
BMecre 3TH ABa Bu.qa 3peHHJ{ o6ecne.rprearor HaM qenocrHyro KaprL{Hy.
. Ha ceTr{arKy ma:a nsoopa}KeHHe llpoequpyerct B nepeBepHyroM BHAe, a Mo3r y)Ke ,,nepeBopar]HBaer" ero, fi
Mbr BrrAlrM HopMzrJrLHo pacnonox(eHHoe u:o6paxeune.

llepeaa,ra eos6yxAeurag
' ' Jryt{Hcrae' stsreprvn e Heftpo:nurelnu (na,rovrcax n ror6ourax) ceruarKr4 Bbt3blBaer QoprvrnpoebHne HepBHoro
HMnynbca. Ou nepe4aercx 6nnollpHbrMH KJIerKaMr4 MynbruuonrrpHbtM K!.rerKaM, &rru{HHble orpocr1tr
Koropblx BbIXoArr H3 rJla3Horo s6:roica a o6paryror ipuTeJrbrrbrfi nepn (no crpoeHuro iloxolr( Ha
MHol'oxI4JIbHsd xa6els). ilpu errxo4e I43,HIa3Hr4i1br npaesrft la :resbrft 3puTenbHbie ueperl qacrurrHo
nepeKpeunBarcrcrr (=xna:na), TaK Lrro uac'rs nH$opMaur4u or leBor-o rna3a nocrynaer B fipaByro nonoBr4Hy
Mo3ra H Hao6opor.

Ecln noporro onacarb 3TI4 npoueccu u 4alruefiurufi nyrs HMrryJlbcoB, ro rronyqnM crreAyroqyrc cxeMy:
Jryql4crat 3Heprus --+ HepBHoe no:oyxgeuue najloqeK n ro:r6o.{er -+ 6nnolgpuble KJIeTKI,I
-+
:' , r :

MynbrHtloJ]tpHble rulerKn ---+ orpocrKH MynbrhnontpHbrx ruIeroK r:purerrrft,1fi uepe -+ xt4a3Ma :-]
:purenrurrft Tpar$ .--+ spure:ltusrfi qerfi'p B Kope 3arr,rJroqHr,ix Aolefi MO3ra. :

84
 MMIii (HAIll AOM> @t43HO JI,AIVIF^ qE/IOBEKA
flpe;roulamq[€ cr{creMr,I rjraSa :
l. Poros[ua.

2. Ka,vrepu rJTa3a:
neperHsx (poroenrla pa4yxmat o6olovxa), 3anorrHeHa Brryrpr.rrna3Hofi : :

' - xugxocrbro;
t 3a.4H.9fl (xpycra,rnrc: ccrarzTKd), 3anorTHeHa qTeKJIOBHIHbTM TeJroM, coeIHHeHa c nepe4Hefr
KaMeport
nocpeIcTBOM 3paqKa.

3' Buyrpunrz3{afl
'I(HrKocrb -
Bo4flHucrar xuAKocrb rBJlrercr onrl.tqeclcofi u g4TareJrbHofi cpe4ofi
rra3a.
o6pa:yerca pecHHqHbIM TerIoM' cocras orJlnr{aercfl or nJra3Mbr KpoBr{ (orcyrcrayror 6elru,
aHlrrela).
laeleHtle, Koropoe BHyrpHr'Ta3Hatt xHAKocrb oKtr3brBaer Ha creHKH an*u.
HopMe oHo cocraB,riset 18-26 MM pr. cr. "u=r,"u*a ""yrprrn*HbrM iraBneHHeM> B

4' XpycralnK - 3ro veveenqeo6pa3Hoe reJ'o, y Koroporo 3alilfls

rroBepxHocrb HMeer 6omuyro KpHBH3Hy, rieM
xpycrarlt{K yAep}IuBaerct Ha cBoeM Mecre c noMoulbio cBq3Kh (n4er
llliil"it_ H BOJIOKOH, 3aIIOIH'IOIIIHX ee. or pecHnrrHoro re,ra). oH cocro'r H3
Kancyr"tbl

5' CrexrosHAHoe reJro HMeer cryAeHl{cryro KoHcucreHrduro H coAep)Kr4r

6onee 98voeo4sl (npon'TaHo
BtryrpHnra3Hofr Nunrocrrro). Brlno,rH-fier nolocrb no3aAa
xpycra-fruKa. Cocy4or H HepBoB B HeM Her.

Bercu:

' 3To KoxcHbTe cIcraAKH; no ux Kparc ecrb xptlq. xoropslfi

tBrtterct ocroBoM BeKa, K HeMy Kpenqrc.s pecH4u6r;
K Xpruty BepxHero nexa xpefinrcq Mbrurua. froAHHMaloua,
' BepxHee BeKO;
s Ha pe6pe serc orKpblBarcTcq BbtBo4Hbte llporoKr4 uefi6ouHHl.teBbrx
xere3, aanpat r(oropbrx npenrrcrByer
nepenHBaHHIo cJIe3 lepe: xpafi BeKa, npeAoxpaHter
KolKy BeK or Marrepaunr, ,noaodat"y.t onotno'ry
rrpt4ner-aHHrc BeK npH HX Ct\4brKarJfiH:
6 BeK?I 3aUTHUIaIOT r,ra: pe$ler<ropHo, 3aKpbrBafic6 npu nprz6,rmKeHfir4 OnacHocrt{, H
HX rroBTopr}oulHeC'
cMbIKaHI',rq(uopraHrze) froMofarcT yAanfiTb nonaBll]He yxe LrHopoAHr,re
rera;
e HenocpeAcrBeHHo no4 xoxeft BeK JIe)KHT MbIIIrqa, Koropaq
o6ecne.{Haaer cMbrKaHHe BeK;
€ Bclo 3a'aH*oto ttoBepxHocrb BeK H nepeAHrolo noBepxHocrb rJia3a
Ao Kpar ooao"ru"t ffiao*noarHble cJTolt
pofoBHf I'bI tBJltFOTC.q npoAoJDKeHHgM KOHbloHKTnnrr)
rsrcruraer crH3l4gra.s o6oJro.rKa
6 npocrpaHcrBo Mexqy BepxHHM tI HW)KHLIM BeKOM Ha3brBalor - KOH,r,roHKTHBa:
ua:uoil u{eJTbro.
;feurare"'ltH rr fi auuapar rJra3a :

' HapyxHble MbIIIII{bI (6 nryr<: 4 nprnasle u 2 rcocrte)

BepxHsfl H HH)r(Hrr Kocbre;
- BepxHflr, Hrtr}KHflfr,BHyrpeHHsr r.r HapyxgaJr [psMbre +
. 3TH MbIIIIqLI O6CCNE-{UEAIOT BCCBO3MO)KHbIC
ABHXCCHH, IJIAsA,

C,re:nrrfi annapar fJla3a:

. cne3Ha{ xe:re3a, (o6pa:yer cle:y);
. cJle3o0TBOArUIr4e [yTI4. .

cle:Har xelega HaxoAI4Tct e cre:ttofi rvre. Ee nporoKrz orKpbrBalorcr B KoHbroHKTuearsHsrfi

Me1,roK, a B Torqe
KoHEI0HKTI'IBbI paccesHbl 4o6arovHste cte3Hble )K€JI€3rI:
cJIe3bI H: ro6aeo'{Hblx xGJIe3' ocHonHaq )Kene3a Har{HHaer
!:rr o6trrnoro yBJ.rorfieHnrr $ri13a Aocraror{Ho ertAerseh4oft
$ynr<qrzoHupoBarb np' 3Mou'oHalrnofr cr'My'rrrrr.r' t4jir.r
Ha $oue :a6o:reeaFrnft ma3a.

C,resoorso,qqqprerlvru:
:,.
' cJIe3HbIe ror{KH (nepxHrr a HuxHlr),= pacnoJlararcTcfl Ha BeprxuHe cne3Hblx cocoqKoB:Ha Kparo Hr{}KHefo H
BepxHeto BeKa, oKojlo BHyTpeIiHeF0 y$Ia lJla3a, nepexogtT
B cjle3Hbre KaH€UrbUbr:
. cJIe3HsIeKaHaJIbULI;
c c:regHrrft MeuIojK - Jie)Kar u yrny6renu' y B'yrpeHHero yrJTa
rna3a;
. cJle3HoHocoebfi KaHaJr - orKpbtBaercfl B IIoJIocrb Hoca.
cressl - npo3parlHar xI4AKocrb. co4epxar BeurecrBo JrH3orIlrM,
o6laAarouee 6axrepuquAHrril4 Aefrcrnr4er,r.

85
 MM lrl' ( HAIII AoMu Qt4gr4a Jlar vl'fr q,E/t o B E KA
Yxo

rTprarvn 2:2;5-6...eenh yxo rBoe cAenaeub BHI{MarerLHrrivr i r,riaposri4 u HaicloH'rrrb

cep.aqe rBoe K pa3MbruneHH]o;
'"ro ypa3yMeeirlb crpax l-ocno4eus u uafineutr no3HaHHe o Bore. IZ6o focno4b Aaer r4yapocrb; H3 ycr Ero sHaHue
v pa3yM. -
fipnruu 4:20-22 Crrn rvroftl croBaM Mor4M BHuMafi, n r pevalvr MonM npHrLroHH yxo rBoe; Aa He OTXOTIfT OHl4 OT IIa3
TBOHX; XpaHH HX BHyTpH cepAIIa TBOeTO: ilOTOMy riTO OHlt Xfi3Hb 4lr rOrO; KTO HarIIeJr pIX. H 3IpaBUe 4rrr Bcefo Tera

flparvu 5:1-2 Crrs N.rofi! snHMafi ruylpocru uoefi, n npizK.roHH yxo rBoe K pa3yMy MOeMy, qro6sr
co6:rrccru
paccyAnTenbHocrb, u qro6rt ycra rBoH coxpaHHnr4 3HaHHe.
rlprarun 22:17-18 flpnrcroHu yxo rBoe. n cryutaii cnoBa MyApbrx, lz cepAue rnoe
o6paru K MoeMy 3HaHHrc; rroroMy
trro yreul4Te-tisr-ro 6yaer, ecJII4 Tbt 6y4euis
xpaHHTb HX B ceprue rBoeM. u ouu lyilyr raruKe , yatu* TBol4x.

@yuxr{rzu' opraH c-[yxa H paBHoBecufl.

CrpoeHue yxa: ',! :

. HapyxHoe yxo - yuHafl paKoBHHa ao 6apa6auuofi nepenoHxr.r.

r cpeAHee yxo - cnyxoBble KocrorrKu (iuo.noroveK, HaKoBaJrr,Hx, crpeueuno);
BHyrpeHHee yxo KocrHbie noJlyKpyxGbre KaHarrbr (paeHoneclre) u clyxonar ynHrKa
' - (cnyx).
tr4vnylrc' nepeAalorcs e ro,'rogHofi no:r napofr HepBoB, *oiop",. Haxo/rrrcr p"aor
HCPB TJIfi PABHOBCCI,I' i{
oprr. opy;; secru6y:upHsrfr
YNI4TKOBLIfi UCPE AIC 3BYKA.

Cnyx.
To' '{ro qeJIoBeK cJtbllul'ir -
)To 3ByKoBbIe BonHbr, Bo3HuKaroru ve t1pr4 xo,,ie6aunr4 MoneKyn Bo3tryxa.
flpuna 14 cvra
3TI4x BollH onpeAenger rpoil'lKocrb 3ByKa: rpoMKocrl H3Mepserc{
4eqa6elauu (aE). Vrac,ro *orra6u"rfi, }InH UprruroB B
ceKyHIy, cocraBrlqer r{acrory; qeu 6ollure rcole6aHufi, TeM Bbiue :eyx. {acrora Bbrpa}Kaercr r{r4cJroM
rIuKnoB B
ceKYHAy' I4nIl B repuax (fq). Ko:re6aHu-s Bo3Ayxa Bbr3blBaror ro:re6aunx
6apa6auuoil frepenoHKlr, ABLr)KeHHe
c-TyxoBblx KocroqeK H ABHlxeHHe :ugoll.lvrpsl B ynHTKe.
Mo:ioque nloAH Moryr criiblffiarb 3ByKoBbre BoJrHbl B Anana3oHe or 20 4o 20 000 fq s cenyugy, xorfi yxo uan6o:ree
r{yBcrBfirerbHo K BoiIHaM c '{acroroil 500 - 4000 fq. C uo:pacroM HJIH npr4 rnr{rer'nnou npe6uBariui{ B rnyMHoM
noMeuIeHHI4 Cnyx qenoBeKa craHoBI4TCt MeHee r{yBcrBI4TenbHbIM K BbICOKI,IM qacToraM.

Yxo leircrnygr nax:

. npueMHun (Hapyxnoe yxo),
6 ycl.tJrurenr (cpequee yxo),
s nepenarunrc (suyrpeHHee yxo).
flpneltsnx npeAcraBJlter co6oil (MqcHcryroi) qacrb yxa, Ha3brBaeMyn yttlHoil paxonnHofi.
B ueurpe paKoBrrHbr ecrb
rcocrHufi KaHar' nelryu1Hfi rc 6apa6aHuofi nepenoHre. cresn* KaHara u",a.no,ot
npeAoxpaHrrouree Koxy or BbrcbrxaHHr, rueJ.ryueunr u ltuQercquu. "o.noo6p*ni"-;&,;;;;l."prl,
Vculmenr npeAcraBnfler cHcreMy n: 3-x Kocror{eK (clyxoesre nocro,rxu): MoJroroqeK" HaKoBaJrbHg H crpeMer{Ko.
Moloroqerc pyxorrxofi npuKpenntercx rc 6apa6aHuofi nepenoHKe, a Apyr.rM KoHuoM u.p.. r*r.;"r;#;;;;""
KpenHTct K HaKoBtuTLHe' Koropafi TaKxe coeAI4HeHa co crpeMer{Koru. Crpeuevno
ApyrurM KoHrroM repMergr{Ho, Ho
no'4BnKHo BcraBneHo B oKHo clyxosofi yJII4TKH. Kocroqrn ychJ'Ir{Baror
ro.ne6aHnr 6apa6aHuoil nepenoHKg a Z0 pas.
H: cpeAuero yxa BbrxoAHr roHeHLKa{ rpy6ovxa eBcraxueB atpy6a, Koropas
- coeri{Hrer ero c HocorJrorrofr. 3ra
rioMofaer ypaBHoBecHTL AaBneHIze Bo3Ayxa no o6e cropoHbl 6apa6auHoft nepenoHKu.
Eacraxgeea rpy6a uoxer 6rnr
nyreM pacnpocrpaHeHnx uH$ercr\r4vt t43 HocorJlorKu B cpeAHee yxo
I

flepe.qarculas '{acru yx4 oEIeHb cJIo)cHa. Crpynrypbr, orBer{arculae 3a cnyx (clyxoear

ynrarra) H paBHoBecqe
(nonyxpyxHue xaHa,rst), :4ecr o6r'e4nHeHbr s o6[1efi KaMepe, ,unon".nrofi
*ra*o.trro - 3HronHMSoir. Kone6aHraq
crpeMer{Ka nepeAalorcs :rofr xurttocrH B yJII{fKy. llo sceii AfiHHe ynHTKr4 npoxoArrr ro uxax 1azunspHar nev6paHa,
or xoropofr orxoAtlr rblcflqfi HepBHbtx BoJIoKoH x yJrHTKoBoMy HepBy. Ha ee noeepxHocrn
Haxorrrcr npotaurr,,
BojlocKl4-peuenropbl' Koropble yJIaBflHBalor nole6aHur )ICHAKocTH 14 npeBpail{alor
Hx B HepBHLte HM[yJlbcbt, oAHaKo,
Ao KoHua MexaHu3"MI;I cJlyxa He rcyqeHLl. Yrxrxoettii HepB coeAl4Hrlercfl co cnyxoBbrM
ueHTpoM B roJroBHoM Mo3re.

86
 MMIII <cHAIII flOM> QW3I4OfiA|VH qE/IOBEKA
PanHoeeclle
B rcaqecree opraHa paBHoBecl,rt yxo Hecer orBercrBgHHocrb 3a nocrofiHHoe peryirupoBaHue noroxeHnq u rsuxenr4il
roJloBbI. Bce re;ro 3aTeM lpHcnoca6-,runaerc.rr K -noJloxeHrr]o foirQBbr fi, TaKH.M o6pa:ou, coxpaHqeT paBHoBecl4e.
Oprauona paeHosecux tBrfiercfl naGnpurir n: rpySover, pacilonoJrleHHbrx noA pa3HbrM yrnoM Apyr 4 Apyry H
3anorHeHHbrx :Hao;rrau$oil Ha pa:uyto Bbrcory.

3[qllnruqecxnft Meuroqer. cdepnqecxufi vreuo.rex ,,r nor-yxpvxlnre.ra;anu runp"ry* yqacrByror B KoHTpo.[e

paBHoBecrzrr.

Meruoqnu (no cyrn, 3To KocrHbre nolocrn) Blryrpu corepxar MrrKyro npo(naAlry r,t: MeIoK, noKpbrrylo
xe,reo6pa:HblM BeIrIecrBoM c BKpanneHHLIMH B Het-o KplrcrarutaMu KaJtbrlkrfl. :: i
KorAa reJlo Haxo.qt4Tcr B BeprI,IKa,rbHoM noJIo)KeHHr,r, cuJra rflxecrH 3acraB.nter 3TH Kpr4cr€urJrbr Hax(HMarb Ha
qyBcrBl4Tenbnble BolocKH KreroK B x{eJre. Bonocxl.l nocbtlalor cr4fHzutbt e roroeHofi Mo3il Koropbte
foBoprr
(BepTHKUrrrbHo).
KorAa foJIoBa Hax,rroHqerct BnepeA, He'3aA:z B cropoHbr, Kpacrannbr ronraxlT BoJIocKr4 no-rpyfoMy
I{H$opnaaqns o6 :rott nocblJlaercfi K Mo3ry noroprrft o6pa6arurnaer ee H pearnpyer, nocbrlras HMrryirbcbr K TeM HJrr4
t4HbIM Mb[ilUaM TeJra AXfl rrpr4BeAeHhr efo B coorBercrByryqee fionoxeHue.
:

3nrnnril'{ecxnft Meuroqg4:ageilcrayercfl, KorAa reJ.ro HarruHaer ABnrarr,cs BnepeA ulrvHa3aD\I. Hanpll,raep, qenqBeK
6pocaercx 6exars, torga xpNcralnu orlc'Iot{rrlorcfl Ha3aA Ha BoJTocKH, KaK ecnr4 6tl oH naaan.llony.ius curual o6
, 3ToM, rorosHofi Mo3r nocbulaer cHfHaJIbl MbnIIUaM, Koropble 3acraBrqrcT Tero cofHyrbct BnepeA t4 BblpoBH.rirb
paBHoBecHe. flo4o6uoe npoucxo4nT I{ npa pe3KoM orruroHeHr4pr roJroBbr Ha3aA.
Ha4:llnnruqecKHM MeIUotIKoM HaxoAtrcr rpr{ 3anonHennbix x(r4AKocrb}o noryKDy}KHbrx KaHaJra:
o y ocHoBaHHfl KalKnOfO 143 HHx HaXOAHTCq OBiilbHafl Macca cryAeHHcTofo BeuIecTBa;
o e sroff Macce HaxoAflTct oKoHqaHtlt r{yBcrBI4TeJ-IbHbrx KJIeroK, Koropble crndarorcq or ABHXeHLII xpIAKocrI4 B
KAHAIAX NPI4 .4BH)I(CHH'X TOJIOBbI,
KolAa roJ'loBa HarIHHaeT BpaulaTbcg s rcaxot\a-,'Ia6o HanpaB,-IeHHH, x(I,IrlKocTb KaKoe-To BpeMfl no 14HepUuH
' coxpaHter cocrotHHe rloKot H rone6:rer qyBcrBaTerbHbte BoJrocKH B nporhBonoro)r(HoM ABHx(eHnro roircBbr
HanpaBJreHHi4;

' KofAa xe roJIoBa nepecraer ABHrarbct (oco6euHo BpauleHrll n cropoHur), )ru4nKocrb npoAonxael no HHepuI,rH
ABurarsc.s B TerIeHLIe Mr,Ir{yrbl I.{ 6o:lee, BLr3brBarr y r{enoBeKa r{yBcrBo ronoBoKpy}fieHnr.

Iha:a cng:aHbl c nonyKpylKHbIMH KaHaJlaMIz. Haqalo ABr4xeHne )KHAKocrr4 B nonyKpy)KHbrx KaHaJrax 3acraBlrer
lJla3a ABHIaTLCfl B npoTHBonoJIox(HoM oT ABI4x(eHaq foltoBli HanpaBneHrru (roloea BJreBo rJra3a BnpaBo), uO uepe:
-
KaKOe-TO BpeMt MexaHH3MbI noAAepxaHHt paBHOBeCH-'I IIOBOpar{HBa}oT 14 rJra3a no HanpaBneHnio
ABll)I(eHHr foJIOBbr.
3To BaxHo, TaK KaK rna-sa nocraBJltlor uH$oprraaqnn o noJrox(eHuu reJra B oKpy)Kaloqefi cpe4e H rroMoranr, TaKHM
o6pa:ou, ToqHo cKoppeKrupoBarb paBHo"""ra. Ec,tu qeloneK qnTaer B ABHXyureMar rpaHcfiopre, gro 3acraBJlter
rna3a ABufarbct B nporurol.. ABHxeHr4ro ;;4";;";;;#;;";;;;;;;;;rOg r -*"-".1.
""t..rBeHHoMy
qro 14 npoBoUHpyer npHcrynbl TorllHorbr 14 pBory
- [ppr3HaKH uopcroft 6olesun.
KoHrporHpyroulul{ ueHrpoll paeHosecur sBJitercfl Mo3xeqoK. Ou rourporr4pyer H HarrpaBJuer ABlalxeHtar Mbnrlrr AJrfl
yAep)KaHr4-fi parHonecux.

06onsnue
O6oHqHHe -
oqyuleHr.{e 3arraxa.
t 9yecrnuTeJlbHble peqenropbl o6onsHaq Haxo.4fiTct Ha eepxHeft creHKe Hocosofi rroJrocrpr, rtpfiMo noA
lo6}{rruu AoJIflMI.{ rorotsHoro Mo3ra. 3ro uecro Ha3blBaercrr odongre.nsHbrM noreM, oro nnotno yEaKoBaHo
'' MpIJInHoHaMr{ aryBcrBrilerrHlx o6oHqreJrbHbtx rureroK.
. K;;; ;;#;;;;' ;i";;la,*;;' -";;;;Jno.nou - pecHr,qeK, norpyxeHH",* u .non cn,sn. 3ra
coxpaHter pecHl4qKH BJIa)I(HbIMHHfpaeT ponb noByrllKH Anr naxyqux BeuIecTBj
r,r
:nu3b
t PecHIa'{KI'l yBgnHqHBaIor KoHTaKrHy}o rrJroulaAb o6ou.sreltubrx rsreroK r,I, TaKHM o6pasorra;yc6n6earor :.
qyBcTBnTeIbHocTb qeloBeKa K 3anaxaM.
o XnNaH'{ecKi'Ie BelqecrBa, Aaloulile otqyuleHlle 3anaxoB, pacrBoprlorc{ B cJrl43tt, npgngflaror K pecHHr{KaM r.{
Bbl3i,iBaloT B KJI€TKaX XHMIZqecKyto peaKIIHIo, a 3aTeM o6pa:OaaHUe 3neKTpgrre CKHX CHTHaJIOB 3TH CI,IrHaIrbI

87
 MMIU (F{AIII AOM) QIA3VIOIlArvIfr qEIOBEKA
qepe3 rrepenHylo Kocrb noc'ryrraror K IByM o6oHsre,'isHbrM :-r)'KoBHuaM B roroBHoil vo:r,
r4e uHsopvaqul
co6lapaercx, o6pa6artrnaercr r4rer B Kopy rcnoBHoro Mo3ra. 34ect cnruan cnpe.4eJrercr, l,l 3anax
craHoBHTcr oc03HaHHbrrr $arcrov.

gacri foJtoBHoro Mo3ra, aHanu3upyroulat HMrrynbcrr oi o6oHrreJrlHL,IX peqenropoB, recHb c;r:rarla c rnv6uqecrcofi
cucreuoft - orAenoM ro:rosHoro' Mo3fa, ror;opufi yqacrByer B perynruut4 ovoqnft, HacrpoeHn.fl lr naygrlr. flo3ToMy
ou{yqeHl4e rofo HiIH I4Hofo 3anaxa o6nala'er 3MoiluoHatrbuoil onpacxoft. Hanpnuep, aunr* ciexero x,,re6a vroNer
Bbl3Barb ocrpslfi npHcryn ronoAa. HenpurrHrte 3airaxr4 Bbr3brBaror orpHrlare.fibHbre 3Mouurl. Hercoropsre 3aflaxu
astsLlealor BocnoMI4HaHHx o KaKi4x-To co6snusx, onrifb xe riepe3 cBq3r c rHra6nqecxofr crac.reuofi
'
,,; .

Bryc
t{yncrro caMoe npHN,IhrltBHo e H3 fiATLI qyBcrB r{erroBeKa. Ouo orpauuqeHo B AI,Iana3oHe Aeilcrsus'u
BKyca -
nocraBJlter qenoBeKy orieHb MaJio nu$opnaqnn o6 orcpyxaloqeM nanpe. gyecrBo BKyca oqeHb recHo'iss:a,{o c
o6ongHnent H, ecru 6u ;ttut -[HI]IHJacb o6ourulrr, To nponzrrru 6tr u vnorpre BKycoBbre ou{yuleHxc.

o Bxycoerle peuenropbl pacnoJlox(eHbl Ha lroBepxHocru fl3brKa B ToJIIIIe cocoqKoB. He3HaqHTeJrbHoe

Koi'tuqecrBo peqemopoB HaxoAHTcr Ha He6e 14 B ropne.
r V sspocJloro qeJroBeKa HX oKoJlo 9 000.
. Brlcoelle cocortKn pearupyForroribKo Ha4 ocHoeHbre BKyca: c,ra4rnft, rucltrfi, co,teulril n ropsnrzfi; .

cKomleHl4tt peqenropoB Int HHX pacnonox(eHbr Ha pa3Hbrx yqacrKax fi3brKa. Oqyrqeuue ()Kryrlecrr.r))
nporyicroB Hacrynaer npr4 pa3rpaxeuuH 6oreebrx peqenropoB fl3brKa.

AHarH: exvca.
Hepnu, npoBoAtlIIHe HepBHbIe HMrryJtbctr (lsrmomoro.{Hrrft H mlqeeoir), or.ff3biKa cHaqaJra fipoxonflr qepe3
cileUHanH3HpoBaHHbte KrerKI4 B crBoJIe Mo3ra (3Aecb raruKe 3a4ep)KnBarcTct H ApyrlJe LlyBcrBt4Tenrgste HMffynbcbt,
I4,4yuIHe rz:o pra). iloc:re nepsnuHofr o6pa6orrcla 3Aecb hMnyn".o, nog""*alorc.r B TaJraMyc. 3Aecr HaxoAHTcq Blopoe
((pe,!e)), rAe npo]4cxo,4ur la_lsHefiwwil, auanuz raHsopuarluu. H 3areM oHa nocrynaer K Kope vo:ra (Huxunfi
orrfe,r
renaessofi 4olu), rloc.re aHaiIH3a 3Aecb y qenoBeKa Hacrynaer oulyuleHrze BKyca. Cro4a nocrynaer H Apyrafi
un$opltaqrzq I,I3o pra (revneparypa nHrIIH, KoHcucreHrrux) u uz sucoqHoft 4orra Kopbr, r4e aHaJwi3upyercfl 3alax, r.t
oro go6as;ixer orreHKI{ K Blrycy. Ecln 6rl qeJroBeK Jrnir}Lrc{ o6oHxnnl, To nponano 6sr oulyuleHr4e MHon4x orreHKoB
BKyCa.

O3lI, c.340 <Hexoroprte HacroJlrKo H3BparI4nH ceofi annerpir, nortsopo'r'Byr eMy Bo BceM, qro yxe se cnoco6ilu
HcnLITr,rBarL yAoBoJILcrBi.Ie or nr4uII,I, ecnl,r He MoryT rIoryr{HTb roro 6:loga, Koroporo nu ceitqac xoqercfi. Xe:ryAolr
1rc4efi, ynorpe6lxroilIHx pa3nl4qHbie rlpHnpansr u 6,rrc4a co cileqrrrMn, paooraer roJrbKo noA 3TlrM o6xura}olqlrivl
6uqou: r4x opraHu3M He npuHr.rMaer Heno:6yxc4aroqylo nr4uy).
O3lI, c.379 <Hauru npHBblt{KI4 B nHI{e fi nhrbe cB[AereJrbcrByror o roM, npr4HaAne)KraM JrH Mbr MI]py r4JIr4 HaxoAHMct
B r{HCJIe TeX, KOrO lOCnO4r OTAeJiHI
OT HerO cSOUrvr MOTUIeCTBeHHbTM MeqOM HCTHH6r).
O3II, c.380 <BHoeb H BHoBb tuue 6rt:ro noKa3aHo, vro focno4r crpeMuTcfl o6parnrs irac urar 3a uaroM n Croeuy
nepBoHar{arTbHoMy 3aMbIcJIy, 3aKfi}oqaBueMyct B totvt, vto6i,l nIoAI,I IILrTuuIHc[, nnoAaMH 3eMJIH)).
O3fI, c.3 81 <Eor rpe6yer, vro6rt HauI BKyc 6rn oqnuleu u qro6sl MLr rrporBunn npaKrnr{ecKoe caMoorpaHnqeHue B
orHoIIIeHI,IlI Bcefo rofo, t{To He npHHocHT 6lara Haurenay 3AopoB6}o. 3ro ra rBJrtercrr rofi pa6orofi, Koropyrc npuAerct
coBepul'Irb Ero Hapo4y, npexAe qeM oH cMoxer npeAcrarb npe4 Eoron coBep[IeHHbtM).

Ocq:anue
BHnrr peuenropos:
c Borpyl ooHoBaHH{ ToHeHbKHX BoJIocKoB Ha Ko)Ke o6nusarcrcx cno6o4Htre HepBHbre oKoHr{aHHr,
pearl,Ipyrcque ua lrc6oe pa3Apol(eHue. 3rn ocr3arenbHbre peqenropbr caMbre lipocrbte no crpoeunrc. OHra
6lrcrpo nepecraior IIocblJlarb HMrryJrbcbr, ecnx BoJIocoK npoAonlraer noAueprarbcr pa3Apilr(eHr,rlo -
I'lcrolrlalorcr I,IX cHJIbi (HanplaMep, MbI He qyBcrByeM rrocrogHHo pa3ApareHr4t or rrprrKocHoBeHr{t ogex4tl).
. Peqemopst 6e:no:rocblx yt{acrKoB xoxu (xonuuKu nalrr,ueB, ry6u) nanonalrHarcr $opr*ly AHcKoB, oHr,r
peafl4pyloT Ha pa3Apol(eHhe MeIreHHee, Ho npoAonxaroT nepeAaBarb ur{nynbcbr npH AonrccpoqHoM
so:,uefrcrsHa.
' Ecrl eu{e oAnH BHA perrenropos,6onee crox(Hblx no crpoeHr4ro (uuoro o6oloqex BoKpyr HepBHor!
oKoHrraHufl, KaK Kox(ypa tryKa), oHi.r rianbo,tee qyBcrBuTeJrbHr,r H BrIHocJrI,rBbr.

88
 HAIII ) Q vl3v| O:IA r Wniq E np B-,8 KA
o , y yru ..(
Bce peuenropbl.vynciqo,llgil_qr1
",
AoM
x reMleparype orypyxarcureii.,cpeArl,
' ' " udpytiiaercx:ocx:ar,t':.-
rririr: ' ;' 'i ' " .lo;rovy B x?r'roAHyro
loroAy
''..i,'.,|:;]:,1.,--..:..:''.-.;'..:.''...'.,'.::'')':..:-]'.':':
llyru: ;' :' : ' " '''
HepgHrte " '

' ;Tffi;::T""' H:iTJnTffarersuyro

crlgJr
nH$opnraqr.rrc, HAyr B cnaHsofi Mo3r 6e: ocraHosKn cpa3J H
.
, Mo.3ra - TaK npo4cxoruT c HMlrynbcaMa, o6pa:yrouqr4Mncs npn noKarrbHoM
, HaAaBJIHBaHnH, o co6enHo rorleqHoM.
c Bonokrya, fiecy.'llilie yn$op*uuriio o oo"rr"e. pa=nrig* np"noc"ou."iir,,g*og"r; ..po" qr*".tuo '
, Mo3ra' "1,"nrro*
B ror xe yqacrox, Koropllf npnunvaer uH$oprraaqnlo'or 6oneesrx peuenropoB B r(o)Ke unu rge-nn6o
.

eqe. Bcrpeua ocfl3areJlbHblx pr 6onesrx peqenropoB Aaer Bo3Mo)KHocrr o6regnHuTb srr,r ABa orqyqeHr4rr.
flpu auannse B cnlaHHoM nao:re or6npaerct h Aanee nepeAaerca uuSopMauus, gocrofiHar BHrlr!{aHr4r roJrogHor{r
Mo3fa. I4uQopn'raqnl xe o 6on4,YlcrflIlio
fo.AaB.ri{lrct (yueurur4eSc4,rrucno r,rMn}illcoq) Apyrr.rMu lrMnyrrbcaMr,r i{3 j
cnt4HHofo Mo3ra.
)
Taxoe pa:geJleHue ocx3arqnrnux ,ylrny-nriqg cnoco6"t"yr, inoaoo"o"tr{ roHno paiJiruqarb .
"o*&HeHraro : ,

npHKocHoBeHHrI - BeJIHTInHy Aanrieuni n nplarcocnoBenl,Ifl, HaIIpaBJreHI,te AaBJIeHpr.E, 6olr npu oveHb cprJrbHoM H"i1H
pe3KoM HaAaBnHBaHHH.
Bce ocssatenriirre u no",i" *o"qon nocrynaroi nu un-r. r ranalayc. 3gecr'coCgaercs- (enrHaq xapruHa
"*ttynieit
ouyueHHt. fla-nee :ra uH$opvarlnt nocrynurt u *opy nepeAHr,rx qacrefi ren,IeHyrx Aoleft. 34ecs uu$oprul* o
MecroHaxoxAeHnn, TI4ne H BiDKr{ocrI4 or{yuleHl4r cofiocraBnrercr c nanarisro o6 orqyu
zusop;raaqu"n, np"*oa"-,uil;il;;j#;il;;;;;;;";il;::?:;:'#r'"?iffffiilffL1"#;i,"","
HaoIqynboqtlH,npe4uero.rapyiilro,noQopve,pa:rr,repy).

BsreoA.
Eor Ha4em'm Hac cnoco6Hocrb r{ygcJBo"ut", orlyqarr,, qro6tl g no.nuofi Mepe MLr MoDrI4 HacJr$Krarbcfl BcgM, rtTo
Ou co:gan'giiiiHaruero 6rara. Hgpei opiriHsl q)/BcrB rrrrr'nonyuaeM Bclo ,"$oprurlrlo
.o6 oapyNuro1ltr",
";,,rp..
Ha ocHonaHur HatJtr4x oulytr(eHllft eo vHorona $opMr4pyercr Haue MupoBo33peHr4e, *"r*na"ra, u Eor npu:r,ru"i
oxpanniriopransr:vyects or nocryn,reAun vepe: HHX Hetry)r*oft, pa:pyurnreiruoft als r;;t;ilg;r;:;;-
- "u"
uHSoplaarlun."' I '
-'
'" '1':-':1;i;
:'
flonraurnee 3aAaHHe.
fIoAioronpnicxk.c4aue.re6roenoreue<iopranitvyncrex,:,..]

i1-!.,
,il ,

,:it:..:s
',,::l:i:'

89
 MMIII ((HALH'
Ao M,, elrcwarrarI4flr{Er oB EKA
Tema. 3uAorcpllnxaq c[creMa.
Ypox "Nt 12

iu.
npoqeccbi B HaIrIeM opfaHh3Me
ffifffi;:,lT:J.::tt""e ilpo,cxorqr c yqacrr.reM ceKperoB (rop;vonon)
lopvourr - 3To npoAyrctbl B*yrpeHHefi cerpeq
Hr4, T.e.BerqecrBa, Korop're
arrpa6arsrsarorc, cfierr'zurH3p{poBaHHbrM'
B KpoBL I'{ pa3Hoctrct ero
nilHff#ATff:t" ilo re,ry. {eftcrB'e KaxAoro fopMoHa crpofo cneqizsuvuo
r.r
r fopiuoubr cJ,Tylrar xHMnqecKHt\,rH .
HocureJTsMn uHsopnlaqulr. ,i

[ocruruyn opfaHa-MlluieHH, oHIz oKa3brBaror

Ha Hero cneqiaQuuecrcoe so:Aefic.tsae.
cneqll$urrvo crs eo:4eft creux rcpMoHoB
o6e cneq,serc,
np,cyrcrB,eM B KJ.rerKi
Peqenropava coorBercruvtt'1"to
ropMoHa o6ra4aror rorrbKo KrrerKH
(cqfiTbtBaTS) oo.u"u-r"lT"l;:::il#ilTropoB'
. rro^
l
""""*"JXT;;:::::TATT#J:fiffr#Hf.*u, *":arrycrca
rpe6yrorcx MaHyrbr HnH pe*rnrra, Koropbrx
o6pa:o,v, [epeAar{a ropMoHarTbHofi
"n' "u'o'"Tunt*
LecgTXH pa3 MeIneHHee, LreM HepBHa, uH$opnnaqr,r' ocyqecrBJTflerc,
B
neperlaqa.
r lopuoHrt rrtpa6aruBalorct
ceKperopHbrM, K'rer*aMr,, Koropbre
"nti'*rt"IM'
KoM''aKrHo n cneqn$uvecKHX
opfaHaK 3HAoKpHHHor .r"r.*i,
pacnono)KeHsl ,rn6o
r;;;;;,:::,: nn6o :pas6pocaHbr
cncreMbl lNele:ax),
* " uru a
' BHAe
o 6p a:
cKonJ.reHH-
on
",' ". :"?ff ;'",f lilff : "":::,",:::::-:r4
"ffi:ilH::'ffi"Jxffi
;*.Ti-- ;;",.
no o4uofi
^
J.
#ffi'Jffi I'#r:ffi *::T.L'#T'Jrg"v;.;;;";;#H#;;::;"*"ror3rp*pa*yn6rB
. lopuoubl {Bnqn
BoAHoro,,".d]i;.lJJ.T;:lJ,i:illl:""::y[J311"#ili;fl."ffi:ffiili?;"lxl##::;:;"1l;.u"",
opfaHr4Ma.
ouu nouolalor opfaH,3My cnpaBJlt''bct
c pa3n,qHbrMr4 BpiAaMa crpecca; u3MeHeH14,
iau
Qerqux, 3Morlrro H€lrrr,uufi crpe cc, o 6eset*HnaH TeMneparypbr,
He 14 T.A.
aHoMarrHI4 Moryr npoBollHpoBarr
3#":T|"Hjpyrae ns6rroq'yrc eupaoorKy ropMoHoB xe.rre3aMn
Hrrr4
I Bce fopMoHbl geficreyror B oqeHb MaJIeHbKHX
Ao3ax, uHorya.qocraroqHo rcero o4nofi
fopMoHa. uu,.r,ouuofi rpaMMa

-YponeHs eruereHli-fi rgplaoHos e rpoes peryJTrrpyerc,

HecKoJrbKuMLr MexaHH3MaMu:
I '
cainrrfi pacnpocrpan"*""'x
-,to no.a, iop*o* a ,t",rrynrpyer BbrAeJreHHe fopMoHa E, a ropuaoH
yrHeraer ceKperlgro ropMoHa
A. 3ror ,.*u"r=, o.y*f.r"n"erc, E
MelHaTopoB rrpn ytlacrt4luepsuofi cHcreMbr H ee
2' lpyrofi MexaHH3M' 60lee npocro ycrpoe*H'rfi, cocror4r
KocBeHHo BtII'Lf,er Ha KrIerKrI,
B ToM, qTO pe3ynbrar -
u"tA"n",o,!ae ropMoH 3ror MexaHr43M A€ tpflMo r4trr4
orplluarenbHofi o6parHofi cer:n (npuuu'n -
KarraHH" "*o,"urr"ffiil:iX;*
4o.*..,*Gil;;;;r"u.0.. :

Kax npnuep MexaEu'I3Ma o6par'oft

"u ""ilr:
orp'uareirbHofi cs.u:n, paccMorp,M .
. ypoBeHb caxapa B KpoBH B
HopMe,
perynf,r{Hro ypoBH,
. caxapa KpoBr4: :
:il
rrocJ're npr4eMa nHrrIH Caxap
' a6cop6upoe arcfl u3 nr,ruleBapr{TeJrbHofo
rpaKTa. ,'
. ypoBeHb caxapa B KpoBH
noBbr[IaeTc,
;

o 3To craMyJrupyer errceo6ox.4eHne,r4HcyJrHHa

_ fopMoHa ttoAxeryAor{Hor7
. HHcyJrr{H noMoFaer TpaHcnopfl.rpoeirl Nele:sr
CHHXAETC',
caxap ,, opo", u KnerKr4
)
!r, KaK anealr"ra, ypoBeHb clxapa
B KpoBH
I cHH)KeHHe ypoBHt caxapa B
KpoBI4 tBr'{ercfl cHrHaJIoM
HHcyrir.Ha 6o,rsu:e He Haro npo,3Borl.rr, rJr.g KJIeroK noAxeJryAo{rlrofi _ _ .r, .iro
xeresbr o'rou. rrv
, u",.uo6o;;;';;;"r,
I4M
6emo sste ropMo Hbr (raHcylraH,
rcpMo Hbr quronn4uo il Xe,f e:ft),
crepou.qHbre ropMoHbr (noloasle
ropMoHsr 14 ropMoHbr Ha4noveuHuron).

90
 MMtil (HAIII AOM>r QIASVIOIA|Vfl I{EJIOBEKA
Bi,rnolHnn cnorc pa6ory, ropMoHbr reprlor aKTnBHocrb noA, BnHflHHeM caMHX KiteroK-MHruesefr ulta yHocflTct B
ner{eHb, fAe Ae3aKTnBupyrorcq,3areM paipyuarorcfl u xu6o BblBoAqrct H3 opfaHu3Ma. rna6o.uctroJlb3y}orct rr.tfi
CplHTe3a HOBbIX |OpMOHOB. ..:. r .. ., .,1 . : ,,i . , t-l

)Ke.n*u engoxpuunofi cucrelrsr.

|
L fianodra:.
'.' 'l'
: '::'
z.
^ I HnoTaJraMyc.
'-:
j

3. IIILtrosraAHar xelre3a.
4. llapaulurosHAHbre x(eJle3bI.
5. llogxelygouHarr )r€JIe34,
6. HaAnoqeqHHru.
7. lloroebre xeJre3br.

l. lunodn: - ruraBHar )r(eJre3a gpraHl43Ma qeroBeKa.

r Og He ronmo calr BbrAeJrrrer ropMoHbr, Ho H BJII,Irer Ha [poI.I3EoAcrBo ropMoHoB Apyt-I,IMH x€JIe3aMH.
. PacnoloxeH B ocHoBaHur.I Mo3fa - B (fypeIIKoM cer/qe)),
o l4ueer cBr3b c funoraJraMycoM. , . :, , , ..,.. ::
r Cocrour r.r3 AByx He3aBficr{Mbrx Apyr or Apyra,orAqngg: 3aAHLIft rnnp$us (coeAnH.es c ranoranaMycoM
runoQusapHofi uoxrcofi) a nepegnufi runoQne. . : .. : '

,r'
B :aAHeft Aoiie runo$nsa HaKarrJrr4Barorcrr ropMoHbr rl{norzl'IaMyca H sltcso6o44arorcs. B ToM cryqae, ecJIH l

runoranaMyc nonyqaer cnrHarr o raxofi Heo6xonuvocru.

fopMoHsr. Haxanruealouilreci e gaAHefi Aore runodu:a: .

ArrruguyperuqecK[firopMoH(MDHnI4Ba3onpecc!{H:
. ycurrr4Baer pea6cop6r{pllo RoALr B no'-reqHbix KaHa-rrbuax, Bo3Bpalqat ee raKHM o6pa:ou o6parno B KpoBI}
veu ruraer Korru{qecrBo
(y er,rAerseM ofi naovn) ;
. B?3OKOHCTpHKTOp. ,.i
Oxcuroqun:
. cruMyJrnpyer coKpau{enue rraAKoi uycrcyraryprr OepenaeHHoft MarKu, vHku\vupyn H noMep)KtaBas poAoBy}o
- AetTenbHocTb,
o cnoco6crByer BbIneJIeHHIo rpyAHoro MorroKa Moror{HLIMU x(eJIe3KaM}I B npocBer MoJIotIHbIX nporoKoB.

llepe4Htx golx runo$pr3a Br-rAeJrser rponHbre.ropMoHbr, Koropble perynnpyror BbIAeJIeHI,Ie MHorl;tx fopMoHoB
opraHr,r3Ma. Tan, rpenHrre ropMoHbr yqacrBylo-r B pa3Br{THr4 u $ynnqnoHl4poBaH.I4l4 Ir{uroaugnoft x(eJIe3bI, Kopbl
Ha.it n oq er.r HI.{ KoB, fi I,rrIHH Ko a ux $ or:r n nyJro B, )KeJITo fo rera.

lopnaouu nepeAneft Aoru rnnodn:A:

Tnpeorponuuft ropuon (TTf) - cruMyJrnpyer uiraToBuIHylo x(ene3y, yBerutr4Baer:,BbIA€reHhe rl4peonAHbIx
fopMoHoB.
Agpenomoprxnorponnsrfi ropuon (AKT|):- cruMprrapyer yBerr4rreHue pa3Mepa H BbIAeneHHt ropMoHoB
HaAnoqer{Hr.rKoB, oco6eHHo Koprr43oira (rngporoprr,r3oHa). . : :, .

Oo.nrurcy,rocrnMyJrupyroqufr ropMon (OCf): :. ., ..

. y )KeHIIHH crr,rMyJrprpyer pocr r.r co3peBaHne rrepBuqHr,rx flLrrrHnKoBbtx Sonluxyron; i ,

. cruMyJlupyer BbrAeneHue So,rnnrynflpHbrMr4 KrerKaMI4 ocrpofeHoB; ,, , .

.
y My)Ky4H grr4MyJrr.rpyer pocr ceM.eHHbrx KaHa"qlqeB u rsrpa6orrcy B HHx qnepMaro3ouAon. ; ! .

Jlnrennurnpyrculnfi ropnaon (JIf): .

. corpyAHuuaer c @Cf; : :.:

.
.: -
crprMynnpyer 3aBepueHue pocra H co3peBaur,u Sonnuny-rroB B speJrylo : rfiqeuerny; :

. crlrMyJrr.{pyer BbrAeJreuue $onnuxyJraMr{ 3crporeHoB pr HacryrrJreHue oBynflIlr4n (pa:prra $orlurqyna rr BbrxoA

.nilUexlerrcu a,lrnuunna): . i , ,:.i
.,, r ... , ,. t,:.) , :.

Comaro'rponuuft ropMoH (CTf):

. yCKOpqeT yCBOeHHe aMI,IHOKI,ICJIOT KJIeTKaMI4; : :i, : ! :, r' 'l
. yBerHqr4Baer cr,rHTe3 berrcos (Hopr,,ra);

91
 M MilI (HA[ii.AO Mo QVI3VIOJIO|I4fr tl EJIO BE KA
. 3aMeAilter pacna/f nrlloKo3r'r (le,uercr aHTafoHllcroM HHcy,rtHHa) rz rer.,r caMbrM cruMy,,ri.rpyer cfopaHl4e
xnpoB Arr nonyqeHur 3Hepfr4r4 (eaNHo Anr florepu :ruurHero seca).

Oarcroprr.ko,opl;leysexraqnBalorssuereHnbCTf:.1 Ii' i

v/- r,{y00KI4I,1 coH,

'/ y[paxHeHHf : ;",'"i 1'::'
,/ yuepeHurd, ilpeoAoirr.{Mrrfi crpecc, .',, i i: ' : i ' :i;rr r':
/ eererapHaHcKllfl.Ar4era, ::r, I i:',
,/ orKa3 or yxHHa,
'/ cHux(eHhe ypoBHr )KHpHbrx Kr4cJror. :

@arropsr. noropsre euuxaror nru9lesne CTf: : ,

. 3M0r-u40HaJrbHbre paccrpoficrsa,
. noBepxHocrriufi,coH, r ,.
. O)KHPEHHC,
. . . yBenHqeHl{e ypoBHr xtlpHbrx K_ucj'roT.

Hapy ure Hra.t cercoeunr4 CTf h, ns creacrs Hq gro ro :

fnranru3u - CTf e paHHHe rolbr )Kr43Hr4
nocn€ACTBI4e rr4nepceKper{r4v
Kaplnnonocrb - nocJ'reAcrBue He,4ocraroqHoil cexpequn CTf e paHHHe rogrr Ntr:un.
Axponeranrff - nocneAclsae ns6srroqHoro BbrAeJreHprr CTf nocJre 3aBeprxeHur nepaoAa aKruBHofo pocra
opraHu3Ma. Vnellrqunaercs Anulra rocrefi pyK, Hor. Tarcre ua6lroAaercfl pa3pacraHue coeAuHurgrrsofi TKaHH.
Xaparcrepu:yercfi BF,rcrynarcuruMu iro6HlrMrz 6yipauu, 6oluuuur HocoM, KpynHr,iMI4 nopaMr.r Koxcn, yBeJIr.{qeHueM
pa3MepoB HuxHefi qeJrlocrr.r, Koropoe BeAer K orAeneHhro HHlKHrrx :y6or 4pyr or Apyra.

2. 3nur[ u: (urnurronngnaa xe,re:a).

Cepgrounn
CeporoHiaH - :ro nefipoMeAnarop. BocnpnnnauuBr,ie K ceporoHr4Hy HellpoHbr pacnonox(eHbr npaKTHr{ecKH no BceMy
Mo3fy. Eoluue Bcero ptx B TaK Ha3liBaeMbrx "R4pax rrtBa'' - yqacrxax crBoJra Mo3ra. Kpove uuumoer4Auoft x{eJre3br
ero eslpaorrublBalor 3'tu r.Apa r4 cJrH3Hcrbre oGo:roqnrz x(erryAoqHo-KHrrreqHoro rpaKTa.
3S$exru ceporonHHa:
. B fieDerHeft qacrg Mo-3ra no4 uoegeficrBl,reM ceporoHr.{Ha crHMyJll{py}oTcg o6nacru, orBercrBeHHble 3a
npoqecc rro3HaBareJrbHoii axrnsHocrn.
o nocTynamfquit s cnr{H}{ofi Mo3r ceporoHl,rH, noBbl[raer ABHrarenbHyro aKTuBHocrb ]r roHyc urtruq. 3ro
cocroqHHe MoxHo oxapaxrepu3oBarb $pa:ofi "ropbr cBepHy".
r B Kop€ ronoBHoro Mo3ra co3Aaer ouryureHne noABeMa HacrpoeHur. HeAocrarox ceporoHuHa, Ha[porlrB -
Bbl3brBaeT cHI{)KeHr{e HacTpoe Hns H Ae[peccr4lo
. orBeTcrBeHeH :a cauoo6laAaHHe Hnr4 SMor{r4oHaJrbHy}o ycrofiuianocrl, . ,

. KOHTpOnHpyeT BOCnpHHMT{HBOCTb MO3fOBbrx peUenTOpOB K CTpeCCOBbtM fOpMOHaM aApeHanr4Hy t4

HopaApgHaJlellry. y :IoAefi c noHI4xeHHbrM ypoBHeM cepo'roHHHa, M:urefiruue noBoAbr Bbi3brBaror o6nmHyto
cTpeccoBylopeaKrlHlo. , r,
. qBiltercx uHrltoupyroquu uefiporpaHcMMTTepoM Inq luu6uqecnofi cucrenau; I ! :' i l

. CHH)KACT BJICqEHUC K AJ]KOIOJIIO;

. ycHnHBaeT nepucTaJlbTr.{Ky T0HKOfO KHUer{HHKa;
. MOX(ET CTHMYNI4POBATb I4JII,l YTHCTATb HEPBHbIE KIETKH,
,'.'. , . :,.:

. noMoraer KoHTpoJIHpoBarb aIInerHT; 'i,t' lr: 'i

. noMofaer B caMoKoHTpoJIe; r ' -i 'i''
AIt nstna6orrcn ceporoHuga n_vxnrr: : ": , ', ' il:
. aMHHoKuclora rpnnroQan
' rJIIoKo3I'I t43 yrneBoAHofi nnqlr ---+ crr.rMyJrffrlur nu6poca fiHcynrrHa B KpoBb --+ crlruynxlq*sdacnala 6enKa-s
TKaHqX-.+noB6IIIIeI'IHeypoBHgTpHmosaHaBKpoBH.:.'

C :rniuu $arrauu HanpsMylo cBr3aHbI TaKHe fBJIeHut: 6y.nuvus HrTaK Ha3brBaeMbift "cnH4pou c;rarKoexcKu'l:rBce
Aeno B ToM, r{ro ceporoHr4H cnoco6eu Bbt3Barb cydrercrunuoe,olqyIqeHne cbrrocrfi. Kor.qa B opraHrd3M fiocrynaer
nHI{a, B ToM qHcJIe coAepx€uar rpunro$ag - yBeJII4qHBaercr eupa6orra ceporoHnHa, r{To noBt,ruraer HacrpoeHue.
92
 MMIII, (HAru AOM> Ol{3 i4O/l,OFI4fi q EnO BEKA
Mo:r 6rrcrpo yjragntlBaer cBfl3b Mexly 3'r'rrMu flB.rteHu;rMr4 - 14 B cityqae lfenpeccHH (ceporoHnnoeoro ro.loAaHilq),
He3aMeArHTe,ltlo I'rpe6yer" EonoilHr.rreilbHorro lloclynneHH{ I-ll4ull4 crpllnro$auoM HJll, m1pxogofi. ,
':
Kar un crpaHHo, Han6olee 6orarul rpunro+auoM npoAyKTbt, Koropble noqrH UenHKoM cocroHT I43 yrreBoAoB,*
TaKHe, Halrpi4Mep, xax >r,re6, 6ananlr, [ronoJra4 I4rpI r{Hcrble yfneBgAbl: cronoastit Qaxap I4tlH Spyxrory

flpanrNuecrcoe npI{MeHeHHe 3HaHIrfr o ceporoxnne .,

. HeAocraroK cHJrbI BoJIH I,r KoHTponr anfleruTa yMeHbulaer nrpa6orxy ceporoHHHa

r Hev 6olrure BLr Hcilolb3yere Baruy ceporoHuHepfl4r{ecKy}o cr{creMy, re;u 6ollure ceporoH,HHa eltpa6arslraercr.
o fie$raunr ceporoHnHa BeAer K pa3Bnrll]o ,qenpeccl4l'r.
o AuusoxucJloTa rprzmoSau neo6xoAuua 4,rx nrtpa6oTKn cepoToHnHa.
I

r 3eepo6oft u naccraQnopayBerurrnBamrypoBeHb ceporoHHHa. 3oepo6oft npoAbip{Bneunstft snaqureJlbHo

yBenfir{HBaer ypoBeHb ropMoHa pocra B riJra3Me KpoBpI, a s 6otrtunx Ao3ax yrHeraer .vpoBeH6 ceporoHl'lHa, ,

AonaMIzHa, HopaApeHanuHa, IAMK, Il-mrcraunua iz MAO.

. KypeHne, :noynorpe6JreHue aJrKororeM, ynorpe6:reHue 6olrruoro KorluqecrBa caxapa I4 nepeeAaHHe 6ennoe,
yMeHbuIaIoT ypoBeHL cepoToHHHa.
c l4ccle.qonaHue BoprnraHa noKa3iulo, r{To KopMreHrae )KHBoTHIIX tI ;rloleft niaqefi, 6eAHofi rpunro$auoM' BeAer K
3HaquTeJrEHOMy yCHneHHlO anneTHTa, qTo, KaK npaBHno, Be.qeT K nepeeAaHI4IO yI-neBOAOB.
V.{eHrre BLTTBH.IIH. qro KopMneHue moAeii H xcllBorHbrx yruIeBoAl{crofi nuqefi BeAer K yBenHr{eHH}o ypoBHt
rprauro$aHa B Mo3re. Koneqno, cJIolKHbIe yrneBoAbr rBnflIorcr ryr{urnM ru6opou. Bttcoro6e:KoBatr nlllqa coAepx(HT
6o,rru:oe KorI4qecrBo aM u Ho KHcJIol Koropble conepHHqarcr c rpnnroQanov.
o Ha $oue 4enpecc-r.1u yMenbnraerc* nocryE IeHHe rpunro$aHa K Mo3ry. Y moIeft c Aenpeccuefi yponeur
rpunroSaua cHu)Kaerct B cpasHeHlau c ApyrHMH aMHHoKHcJIoTaMH'
. (Dr{:hr{ecKr{e yflpax(HeHnr yBenr4quBa]or AocrynHocrs rpnnroQaHa 14 ceporoHI4Ha Nls, Mo3ra.
. Vceal,leaeMocrb rpunro$aHa Mo3roM H3 rura3Mbr ynyqmaercs ua $oHe cHpI)KeHut o6r,eua norpeblrevofi nnu1n.
g Xponil.Iecxoe IIoTpe6lesne a-rlKofonti yMeHLIIIaeT ypOBeHL cepOTOHHHa.
e HercoropLre HccrreAoBaHur noKa3brBaror, r{To y KpLIc, uMeIouIHX feHer}IqecKI,I o6yc;lomeriHoe o)I(l4peHHe,
uafllro.qaercs cHr4)KeHr4e ypoBHq rpnnro$aua B [na3Me h yBeJIHqeHHe ypoBHfl MeTLIoHI{Ha, neilqaga u
'

rlpoqecce qepe3
ilsorefiUHHa. BiuHHa. rpeun,talaunHa. Koropbre KoHKypHpylor c rpunro$aHoM B nepeHoca I4x
reMaro3Hu,e$a,ruuecwrft 6apsep + cnlr)Kaercr ypoBeHL rprm'ro$ana B Mo3re 3TI,IX Kptlc
y ---) HM oqeHb rpyAHo
KO nTpOilH p O BaTb aII I-leTI',rT
e CeporosuH TarcKe o6Hapyxeu e rpou6oqlrrax. Ou cnoco6creyer arfperai{un (e-nunaHnrc) rpol,l6oquroe ra
ycKopfer o6pa:oeauue rpou6or. OH r',roxer yculunarb Ba3oKoHcrpl{Ktt}*o (cy)KeHtte cocyAoB), uro cnoco6creyer
arepocK;repo3y 14 cna3My Hoeoo6pa:cBaHHbrx KorrrarepaJlbusix (o6xogHblx, AorIoJIHHrelrHlix) apreprlft. OH
: ]BeJrr4glr6u.t i44"nr eosAeftcrnur HopaApeHanl{Ha Ia aHrnorengnna-2. Moxer
BbI3bIBarb BzBoAHJITITaI{pIrc
apTepHon, He HapyilaeT flpoH14uaeMocrb Kani4JlflpoB.

Me.llarouun
MeraroHuH - 3To aHTHIIoA ceporoHHHa.
Melaronnu npoI43BoAI{Tcs B:
. i 3nHSH3e,(rnuruxoe44Hax xelesa). On caH're:upyercr e snuQu:e ("uluilxost4Anofi Nele:slt) n: ceporoHl4Ha
I'I B TO X(e BpeMq, caM npHrynrqer ero ertpa60rny'
I cerr{aTKe fJla3a,
. 3rmepoxponaa$ranurrxKJIeTKaxKlIIUer{HHKa'

Kax npougeoAl,lrcq: i,
rgnH$us3axBaIbIBaeTI43cblBopoTKt,IKpoBt,lrpunro$aH,
. TpunrosaH B xere3e rlpeBpaulaerc{ B ceporoHitH. :t :

3 CeporoHHH llpeBpaulaeTcfl B MetaroHHH.

Oc.o6enHocrra npou:Bo.[ctsa,N{eraroHl4Ha: ,

. MCJIATOHI4H HE,HAKANJIUBACTCfl B OPTAHI43ME, A EX(CAHCBHO NPOH3BOAHTC'I ETO HY)KHOE KOJ]HI{CCTBO;

ceer/rel,IHora gerqlorcq curHaJraMn, npoxoAtull4Mu rlepe3 cerr{arKy, :purelturtft HepB K Mo3ry rAe oHIt
co[rocTaBJrtl,JTcfl g or <Slt0nornqecKl4x qacoB opraHI43MaD, .iTo BbI3biEaeT cTHMyntuhlo Hltt4 yfHeTeHHe
CHTHAJTaMH
nupa6orrcu MelaroHplHa, I,lvenno HH3Karr.ocBeu{eHHocrb H, KaK cnegcrBue, B1lcoKar nrtpa6orna'il'leJlaroHnHa.

93
 ' '': :14X4111 ,iHAItt fl'oM', QI43VIOJ\Of Hfl r{E/roBEKA
sBJtlorcfl ocHoBHblMH npHLl14HaMu ce:oHHofi iIetrpeccprH. [4r,teHHo no3ToMy
aoato"* r]enpeccHH. .:'orH
crpaAarcT 6eccoHnuqeft - Enn roro, vto6st nofpy3r4Tbct B coH
HyxeH " a 6e: ceporo"rnu
aao
nO.[Yr{HTb. ' ".rutonr", "r*on "" .

t MeJ-laroHlIH Moxer eslpa6arrtearbcfl H HenocpeAcrBeHHo cer.iarrcofi n-ra3 B ycnoBHrx reMHorL

3d dteKrlr MeriarsHHHa :

o 3aMeAJIreT noJloBoe co3peBaHHe;

' noMoraer 60porrcr c 6eccoH'r.rqefi, oco6eHHO y nox,nbrx 1rc4efi;,'

. YMCHbLIIACT AJlI4TCNbHOfO 3ACbINAHHfi H NOBEPXHOCTHOCTH CHA:
. 'BJIEHH'
yrHeraer npon3BoAcruo CTf;
' noMoraer npeoAoneBarb paccrpoftcrno 6nopurMoB B cBn3H c nepeneroM qepe3 HecKoJrbKo qacoBr,lx'no""oe.
ecru ilpHHLIMaercfl B AeHb BbtJrera H eule B TeqeHHe.5
luefr; : ,: i :

. yrunv3npyer aHTHoKcr{.[aHTbr n ceo6o4Hrre paAHKarbr

;
i yrHeraer oKHcJreHHe jTtIHlIl
t yMeH6lrlaer ypoBeHb xonecrepHHa (ecex nugoe), B roM r{Hc.[e
iflIOHlI er IIIIHII:
o yrryLruaeTBbrBeAeHHexonecTepHHa:
o yMeHbuaeT cHHTe3 XOnecTepflHa,
. ycl.l,tHBaer HMMyHHyT peaKllHlo 3a cqer crr,tMyilruHH T_liqeroK;
o y'IluLIieHHe IIlHluKoBHtrsofi xe,re:u Berer K cHuxeHLIlo
aKTI4BHocrH npuponHbrx K.treroK y6uitur4 yMeHbueHHrc
rupa6orru raHreplefi nuua-2 ;
e $aroqnrapHuft HH4eKc nyque B Hor{uoe BpeMr;
e yrHeTaeT BbrAeneHHe KOpTT4KOCTepOHAOB;
r noMofaer rroAAep)r(Hsarr 604prril Ayx H no3HTIrBHOe MbrilneHr.re;
IIpl{Mep: npl4 BcKpbmHI'{ TpynoB lrogeii, noKoHt{HBIIrtix lt<H3Hb cauoy6nilcrBoM,
ilaroJ]oroaHaroMbr
o6uapymaealor 3HaLIHTeJIbHoe cHHXeHHe
ypoBHr MeraroHi4Ha B HX Mo3fe B cpaBHeHHH c ypoBHeM
MenaroHuHa y ApyrHX,rrorefr, yMep[IHX npnpo4Hoii cMeprb]o B ToM x(e Bo3pacre r.{ B To xre BpeMfl cyroK;
yMeHE'lilaer ypoBeHb KoprH3ona, roropufi cnoco6creyer
' BbIBeAeHI,rro Kzrrrbr-Iur rr3 opraHr4sMa;
. yMeHbulaeT BbIBeAeHI4e KanloIJt4g l,r: tccrefi.
o noA BnHTHHeM MeJlaroHl{Ha u nulpa6arslBaerc, raMma-aMnHomacJrsnaff KrrcJrora
cBolo oqepeAb Topruo3r4T OAMK), Koropafl, B
Cr,rHTe3 Cepo.r.oHHHa. 700/o cyroutrofr npo4yrcUrrp{ MenaToHr,rHa rrpt4xoAr4rc, Ha
HOr{Hble qacbl.

' orBercrBeHeH 3a I{[pKaAIIble ptrTMI'I - BHyrpeI.II{He 6laororfiqecKr,re qacLr qe:roBeKa.

I4ueHuo HH3Kat ocseuleHHocrb Ir. KaK cJlencrBHe, Bbre oKarr nsrpa6orra
*anutotr*i rBJrrrorc, ocHoBHbrMH
npkqLHaMH cesoHuofi AerlpeccHx{. I4uenHo no3ToMy B cocrofiHrdr4
AenpeccHr{, n}or}r crpaAarcr 6eccosuuqefr - 4la
tolo, uro6bt [Iorpy3HTbct B coH HyxeH MeJIaroHHH, a 6es ceporonrnuaro n"*u""alonuu"r".

npe6sleaHr4e HaynHqe B AHeBHoe BpeMt ycnrruBaer nrrpadorr<y

" MeJraroHHHa B HoqHoe BpeMs;
r oTcyTcTBpre ocBerlleHhr Bo BpeMr HorrHoro cHa;
. ynpa)KHeHHJ{;
troK€t3blBarc! qro e3Aa Ha BerocHneAe B relreHre oAHofo qaca B
::::l::::: IeHb noMofaer yABor4rb Hrrr4
Aaxe yrpours esrpa6orxy MenaroHltHa;
ynorpe6reHHe nl4lqH, 6orarofi Mei-taroHHHotu (oecrHra, KyKypy3a, pnc,
" qqt\leHL):
nna6ups, noMH,fopbr. 6aHaHrr,

ynorpe6JleHHe 6onruroro KoJlt4qecrBa rpunro$aHa (roSy, TbrKBeHHbre

" ceMelrKH, ceMeHa KyHxyra, MLrHAaJrb,
uepHrrft rpeurcufi opex, qepHor:ra:xoaslft ropox);
' Aocraro'ruoe norpeo:reHHe BHTaMHHa 86 (cla4rufi 60rrapcrcuft nepeq, apTHllIoK, ceMeHa noAgoIHer{HHKa,
6auault, ceMeHa Kyru(yra, 6auauu, rpeqrcufi opex, 6e6osbtel Jrr,tMcKa,
c Sacolr l:nnma/):
orpaHuqesue o6rrr,ero o6teva norpe6lreuoft nuulra;
:1:
HCCJTeAOBaHHe noKa3ano, qro 3Ta Mepa yMeHbulaer naAeHHe ypoBH' * 9BJIeHH',
MeinaTQHHHa
crapeHHe;
'^
::1o"o,*4ar.orqero
erlpa6oriqy MerIaroHI,IHa enu$n:ou, oAHaKo cnoco6creyer noBbrrrreHr4,*
::1310f_c_laxaer
ypoBH.s MeJraroHrrHa
arriuroio .

ro ypoBHfi, noropsrft o6uqHo Ha6;rroAaercfl B HgrrHge:gpeMfl,

rHnortlHxenanqecxnfi crpecc Moxer yBerHqI4Tb ypoBeHb MeJraroHuH-cRHTe3plpylorqero
' SeprueHra e :nr.l$u:e;
' npHeM n-AonA (npegurecreeHHHKa r[-AonauuHa) ynenuuueaer
cnHre3 MeJraroHHHa y Kpbrc;
94
 M M til, (( FIAIII AO M, QVlSVIAfiOfVn qEj1 O B EKA
. npr{ Ha3.Har{eHHH MejraroHHHa,ilrpArM) crpa{arorrluM Aenpeccneil (y Hux qacro noHr,{)KeH ero yponeus). oH
noMofaer noBbrcr4Tb caMooueHKy LreJroBeKa H yMeHbrrrurr 6eccouHnqy; , , :.
. cpaBHHTeJrr,Ho BbIcoKHe .403bI MenaroHHHa Mofyr 60lr H c[acrHqecKue
Bbr3Barb fonoBHylo 60ma B )Kr{Bor.e.

(D axro pr,r. cHnxaiorufl e err D a6 o'rr'/ Nreraro iu Ha :

. ocBerIleHI,Ie BeqepoM; .:
. crpecc u cta6ax cnoco6uocrb npeoroneBarb efo"
. KoSeHH - 6lorcupyer BbrAeJreHr4e MenaroHuHa Ha nepuol o'r 30 nauH 4o 6 vacos;
. arKoroJrb Mox(er cHH3r4Tb errpadorrcy MeJraroHr4Ha rc 4IYo;
. Ta6aK;
. HECTEPOLIIHbI€ NPOTHBOBOCTIAJIHTCJII,HbIC NPCNAPATbI;
. OETA-OJIOKATOPbI H OJIOKATOPbI KUIIIbIIHCBbIX KA}IANOB;
. AHTI,ITENPECCAHTbI:
. npenaparbr, cHpIMarouIHe TpeBoxHocTr, H cHorBopHr,Ie npenapaTbr.

J. funoralaMyc -
cnr:yr6rqee 3BeHo MexAy uepsuofi H sH4oKpr4Huofi cncreualru. Ou nonyqaer xr.rMHqecKHe
MeAHaTOpLI, BbIAeJIeHHble HepBHbIMI't KIIeTKaMlt fOJIOBHOTO MO3ta, H B OTBeT Ha 3TO BbIAeJI-rIeT rOpMOHl,r.
. estpabarblBaer AAI- n oKctlroqr4H, Koropbre HaKaruruBaarcr n rnno$r43e H BbrcBo6oxAarorcs H3 Hero,
nupa6arsrnaer prrnn3HHf-Sanropu (ln6epraHu H crarlrHbr: rupeorn6epaH, Tnpeocra'rvH vt iip.), noropue,
npoHuKaq B nepe,qHloro 4orrc runoQu3a, nu6o cruMynr4pylor BbrAeneHue ropMoHoB (:iia6epuHrr) :rofi 4orefi,
nn6o noganlnrcr (craruHrr); raxuu o6pa:ona, ruilora-fiaMyc ocyulecrBrrser KoHTpoJrs Hag rauo$uso,ra.

4. [I{nroau4Haq xere3a.
. pacflono)KeHa Ha rilee BoKpyf TpaxeH r{yTb HH)Ke ypoBHr ropTaHH;
. cocrotr4T H3 AByx 4oreft, coeAfiHeHHblx nepeureilnoM, qro nphAaer efi {opvy 6a6ovr<n;
o Bec oxolo 20 r;
. BbrAenteTcneAyroulr{e fopMoHLr:

TpHfiogrnpoHnu (T3) - MoneKyna ropMoHa colepxr4-f 3 arova fioAa - aKrr4BeH Ha ypoBHe KneroK;
Tupoxcuu (Ta) - o4Ha MoneKyna ropMoHa coAep)rur 4 arova ilo4a - Bbr4eJr.rrercr B KpoBb, a B TKaH.qx npeBpar{aerct
B T:.
OlvHxufih Tr H Tqi
o yBeJILIqI4naror uera6oJIH3M H perynl4pylor BbrAeJreHHe 3Hepfr4r{ (crravyrupyar KJreroqHufi uera6orir{3M - Bce
$y H nur,r r,r o praHH3M a 3aBHcrr or Ao crarort Horo nocrynneHrlr euepru i.r) ;
. peryJu4pylor pocr t4 puiBwfirc .rKaHeft, oco6enHo Heo6xoArzrvrsr AerrM rrrs pa3Br.Trnrr Mo3ra pr noroeoil
cncTeMbI;
a yBeJrurlucaror rslpa6orKy rrporeflHoB KJ.terKaMlr;
. yBeJrurrII4BaIor peaKTHBHocrb nepeHoft cI4creMLI.
KanrqnroHuH (rtrpeoramquroHaH) - o6pa:ye'rcq s C-xrerKax, pa:6pocanHbrx B rKaHr,r qr,rroBuAHoft xele:u.
flpeAorspaqaer stlcno6ox,qeHl4e KanLLII4c us rcocrefi B KpoBb, ero BcacbrBaHr{e B Kr.rueqgr{Ke Lr cnoco6crnyer ero
HAKONICHhTO B KOCTflX.
Cuvnroltst cHnx(eHl4.q u noBbllueHnx ypoeHeft ropMoHoB uluronu4Hofi xere3bt cM. B Marepuane <BHy'rpeHHHe
6olesHu>,pa:4e.rr<3a6oJIeBaH'IgqI,TToBI4AHofixeIesbD).

5. IlapaquroBnAlrbre lr(eJre3br (2 naprr).

Pacnoloxeubr no3aAu uIHToBHAHofr xele:u.
Brrgerxror naparropMoH:
c crl,IMynupyer nepexoA KaJIbUrrs H3 rcocrefiB KpoBb iTpu cHuxeHur.r ero ypoBHr B KpoBH;
. crHMyJIHpyer o6pa:oBaHl,Ie elaraunu-! ropMoua norrKaMr4 H3 nr.maurEHa.{
BnravrnH-,{ ropMoH TaKt(e npI4HHMaer yqacrne B perynrquu ypoBHr K€rJrbrrnr B KpoBr,r, oH ycnJrnBaer
ecacrBaHHe KaJIbIIL{s pr3 KI,ImeqHprKa npr4 ct{xxeHHI,I ero ypoBHs B KpoBH.
I lapaTfopMoH, KILIIbur, iroHlru H er,rraNauH-n ropNaoulr neficreyrcr no npuHunrr.v HerarnsFrofi o6parHofi cnr:H:
e lpoBoHb'KaJIL,qI,Ifl B KpoBI{ niasnl{fi --+ yBerzquBaercr ceKpequr napariopr*oHu --+ yBeruquBaerct
er,tcso6oxAeHl4e KarTbqnq'u: xocrnofi TKaHr4 ---+ ypoBeHb Kanbrlr4r B KpoBH noAHuMaercr Ao HyxHoro ypoBHr,

95
 ,, MMIII (HAIII AOIVIO QI43T4ONOrH,q LIE/IOBEKA
ypoBeHE Ka''"l6uHfi B KpoBt{ wwzrcui4 + estcso6ox(4eHue BI4TaMHn-A ropraou u
KAIbUH' H3 KHUEqHI4KA _-+ -, yrin^uua*"
"a"a'uurra
YPOBEH' KA.rIbqH' B KPOBH YBENI4T{I4BACTC,;
ypoBeHb KanbIIH'l B KpoBH cnHIIIKoM BLIcoK --+
KarlbuHToHHH ertceodox(4aerct H3 rqHToBHAuoft
nanrqafi H3 KpoBI4 repexoA'r B Kocr' r{ HaKalir'Baercr xe,le:br --;
raM; nrrcso6oxq4e"* *unf,,;;l* no.r,rofi rKaHr4,
cHl4x€erct *+ ypoBeHb KaJIbqLIr KpoBr,t cHHxaercr
Ao HopMaqbHofo vpoBHfi:
Be.qeTKnepeno:6yNcqeHillortepeHbIXKrIe1.oK,I]To'BcBo[o
oqepeAb, MOXer npHBeCTr.r K MbrlreqHbrM cna3MaM;
3Har{HTeirLHoe yBe'[Hr{eHHe
-vpoBHt Kar'IbuHx B-KDOEH BeAer K Hapy[IeHuro,Syuruur Mo3ra il KrTeroK:
craHoBr4rc.a no:6vx4eHHbrM, ,

a efo cepAue Mo)Ker nqro6ofi

;:r*H::J::H:*:""BeK "=uon-"o"unHr,rM,

6. floaxe;ryloqHas )r{eJre3a. :

]lopvtoHsl' yqacrByroqHe B norAep)KaHHrI nocrosHHofo

ypoBHq oaxaplB KpoBH (rzHcy-nnH, rrrroKafoH,
ceKperl4pylorct ocrpoBKaun rfai'lrepraHca B noaxelyloqrioil coraa.rocraruH)
Ne:re:e. Dru crpyxryp'r sBirrrlor cooofi cKoffreHr,,
sHAoKpHHHblx KtleroK' TaK Ha3blBaenalix a,rrSa-,
6eta- It Aenbra-KJleron, pa:6po"un"rr" , BI,rAe rpynn B
rxaHefi noA*enyAortuofi xe,re:u (ocra-rlHrre ee crpyKrype
KrerKu 3K3oKpHHHb,.. ;;;;;;nr*.ruorr.rrbHbre
oxolo 60% ocrponKoBbIX KneroK cocraB'lq]or 6era-x-rlerxn, Sep'eurur,).
*oropo,. ,2s% -a,,*$a-nrerxu,
eltpa6arslealoulue rrloKaroH, H ocriutbHbt e 15% - ""rpu6utueu,ot]n.yn",
AeJrbra-Knerrca, nsrpa6atr,rBalorrl,e coMarocrar'H. vponeHr
BbIAeJIeHHfi 3TUX fopMoHOB 3aBI'ICHT OT rl0crynaroqr{x B KpoBb nr,rrareJrbHbtx
aMhHoKI{cror)' a raxxe or ypoBHt BblAeneHllt
BeurecrB (mroro:rr,
)KHpHbIX Kr4cnol
Apyrl4x ropMoHoB (a4peHaluHa. }KenyAoqHo-KHiuer{Hbrx roplroHoe).

llucy;lun:
t cHHXaer ypoBeHL flllol(o3bl B KpoBH (Hoprraa rJIIoKo3br
KpoBH 0,8-l r/n unu 4,4-6,6nauons/,r) ,'yreM
cTvlMy ltflIlklvr no |]roueH H' ee xreTXaM H pra
O HH3Ma;
' IIpH noBbIlueHHH ypoBHfl r4*cyIIuHa (na
$oHe yBeiIHr{eHHt ypoBHr mroxo:rr) ycunnBaercfl npoHr.{qaeMocrr,
MblmeqHblx KneroK AJI' rjlloKo3bl' ces:rteagcb peqe[Top
c a,t,,- Hanor"p"no*H MbrueqHbrx KJIeroK, Ll*eynnH
aKTHBH3Hpyer MexaHH3M Tpaucnopra ntoKo3br
BHyrpb KneroK: npH 3Haqarearsofi natrureqHoii aKTHBHocru,
IJIFOKO3a MO)Ker flpoHlaKarb B Mbl[Ier]Hbte
KrerKLI AaN(e npH OTCyrcrBt4t4 t4Hcynt4Ha;
€ CTHMYNI{PYET N.PCBPAIIIEHHE IJITOKO3bI
B TICIICHil B flII{KOICH;
! I43'ILITIKH lJIloKo3bI,
nocrynuBuefi n neqeHs, noA AeficrsheM HHcynHHa npeBpaqalorcr
B )KI4pHbre K,cJ.lorbr,
KoTo p bre
TpaHcnopTr,rpyroTc{ B x{fi poByro TKaHL
'
rloBblueHHe ypoBHt *l*cyIrn*a cnoco6crryer qpesMepHouy
o6pa:onaHr4ro rpHrJlHqep,AoB, nr4nonporeHroB
KpoBH (areporeHHlle BeulecrBa); nper cHlixeHHH
ypoBHr HH.yJrHHa nporrcxor'T ooparuoe pacqerureHpre
TpaTJIHI-lepliAoB Ao )KHpHblX KHcnoTi
KollopLle ilornoilIa}oTct KIeTKa[IH oprunra*u H ricnonb3yroTc,
B
KAI{CCTBC HCTOI{HIdKA 3HCPrHI,I,
oAHaKo' 6o'rluras qacrb I'IX cHoBa I'I3
KpoBH rroilIorrdaerc{ neqeHbro r{.HaKamrnBan,Tc,
TaM;
no3ToMy y 6onlHstx caxapHblM gua6erou (y
nux cHr4x(eH ypoBeHb HHcynr4Ha H'rpr oH MaJroaKTHBeH)
o6rqero noxyAaH's pa3BnBaercr xr.rposofi i.ouro= * Ha SoHe
olrfl4peH,e neqeHr,r,
. yrHeraer $eprraeHru, paculenJrrlotque rnr{Kor-en;
' cnoco6crByer npoHllKHoBeH'rc B xj'terK' opraH,sMa
aMHHoKr4cJror (a ruaurar, crlrMynr{pyer cnHTe3
)g4pHbrx KHCJTOT n Kan4n; 6elrca),

' ceKpeIIHfl t4qeynnqa crHMynHpyercg sllcoxoft

KoHueHTpauHeft r:rroKosrl H aMr,{HoKr,rcJror B KpoBH
yf HeTaeTcs aApeHaJrr,rHoM. H

Ilrromarou:
. aHraroHucr (uueer o6parHoe 4eiicrnae) ,narn"nu, '

. yfHeTaeT ceKper_{Hro r.IHCyJrHHa;

' crl'IMynHpyer florJIOqeHI'{e KrerKaMH neqeHH aMprHoKtrcJror,

r.r3 Koropblx cr.{HTe3Hpylorc, HOBbre MoneKyJrbr
rJrloKo 3 bl (r,rrcno Heo reHes)
;
t crH'{yJl,pyer rJIHKoreHonH3 (pacqenneH,e rnuKoreHa Ha MoneKynsl
mrcro:u) B neqeH' - 6srcrpo noBbiruaer
ypoBeHb rnroKo3br B KpOBH npr4 ero cHHXeHr.{}I;

' ceKpeuHt rJIIOKafoHa noAaBJlterct BblcoKHM ypoBHeM

ffrloKo3br H crHMynHpyercfl
rraAeHI4eM ee ypoBHr.
co*rarocratuH - B ue'noM' Aeftcrnue HanpaBneHo Ha
npeAorBparqeHue 3Haqr,rreJrrlHrx rore6aHraft yporHr caxapa
KpoBH. B qacruocru: B

o yfHeraer ci:npeqnrc HHcynHHa H HrroKafoHa:

r yfHeraer nepHCTaJtbrHKy xeJryAor{Ho-Kr,ImeqHofo rpaKTa H )KerqHofo [y3brpr;
yMeHbulaer ceKpeIrI4IO npI[ieBapHTeJrbHbrx
' coKoB - 3aMe.qJlter BcacbrBaHHe nHTarerbHbrx Bet{ecrB:
:

96
 T{E.TOBEKA
.,. .:r:ffurfl ,,, MM,lil <HAIII AOM,, QUJUOilOfUfr
c'il4Myll:.Ipygrcr BbrcoKHM yltoBHeM rnroKq3bJ? aMhHoKHcJtor
. XKT.
H xr,rpHbrx KHcnoT' a TaKlKe fopMoHaMH

7. Kopa HaAfloqeqHtr{oe.
Kopa HalnoqeqHuroe cbctrint
'
I : j I'
iag rpex soH.
:ri '

1)Hapy)KHa'ffi.pa3IIzqa}ouI4Xc'|IoKJIeToqHoMycrpoeHnrc::''
' 2) noA Hefi - nyu(obar soHa, : , . L:' : :

3) caMafl BHyrpeHHflr - r"t"uru" aoru.'

3ru soHu nrrpa6aruaaror pa:Hrre ropiuoHrr. , '

B cer.{amfi'3oge npeunryuleiTBeHHo nsrpa6arursa}orcs aHAporlHrt, a raxxe HeMHofo

nI}oKoKopl-HKoHAbr, s ti.v,{Koeofr
3oHe - mrcKoKoprHKolEAbi (ttopruso:t), s Kty6oqronoft - MnHepanoKoprr,rKo6Abr (a,rs4ocrepon). -
MocrsEag-EgIgg-srEg HaAnoqeqHHKo B B brAenser aApe HaJrrdH H Ho p aApeHaJrHH.
Angporeuu - noJroBbre My)KcKHe rcpMoHbl. " :

iBstpa6aGlqalorct y
' t,tyx'inH B HanroqeqHlaxax, llo o""ouno"
'*: t* KoJrur{ecrBo rslpa6arrmaercs rlerxauu
guqen.'
r V xeHu{nH rstpa6arstBa}orct B HopMe B Hariloqer{HnKax, a npu naroJror r4H H flr4HHvrKaMH;
oHH CTr4MyJtHpytoT ceKcyaJrbHoe BJIeqeHHe.
c Hx n:6rrror v xel{UIHH MOX(eT BeCTI,r K norBIeHI,IrO y HIZX My)KCKOTO THna OBOJIOCeHfir, HapyueHulo
. MeHcrpyaJrr,Horo qnKlra lr 6eqmo4alo.
Y nyxuuH 3TI4 ropMoHbl o6ecneqplsator rvryxcKoil run crpyrcrypbr reJra, ronocoBoro annapara H oBoJroceHHe
IIo l/ryxcKoMy THny.
Ko pru:o.u ( rn4poxo prrE:o n) - oruo clrrcrr K r;troKoxoprr.{Ko lr4aM :
G yrHeraer ceKperopHyro aKrr4BHOCrr runo$ia.sa u rurrrorarraMyca;
t yBenl{ql{Baer rnloKoHeofeHe3 (o6pasoeaHae rJrIoKo3bI t{3 aMrrHoKnclor)
n nerreH6; A,rrr 3Toro aclloJrb3y}orc,
aMHHoKHctlorbl I'I3 rlHu{H n re, Koropble o6pasyrorcfi rIpH pacqenneHnu
6erxos Mbrrrer{Hblx Bo,rroKoH;
. cyx€eT cocyAbl H yBe.[pIqHBaeT apTepHaJIbHOe AaBneHpre;
c .
oH calurtfr eaxHslft ropMoti, orBer{a}oulnfi :a nonsluteHue ypoBnfl rrrroKo3;r B KpoBrr B nporr4BoBec nHcyJrr.rHy;
t IIporI'IBoBocnanHTeJlrHoe 4eficrnHe yfHeraer
- BbIAe,rreHHe fHcraMI,IHa,
yMeHblrlaer npoHl4l{aeMocrb
KanHrlntpoB cra5nnv3upyer rr,lena6paHbr KreroK (nouoraer rrp.oruBocrogrb
' npoHrlKHoBeHqio qepe3
KJ'IeroqHbIe naeu6paHu uzpycoB, Aenaer ux ycroituuBblMlr K Bocn€rJIeHHro
r.r repeyrojr{neHu1g);
. aHTr{a-rrJreprnr.recKoe 4eficrsne.
I,I:6snor noprusola (npv BBere*r{rz npenaparoB coAep)Karrr'X Koprrcon):
. yrHeraer o6pa:onaune 6errcon; :

c yfHeraer r4MMyHHyro cacreMy (oco6eHHO aKTHBHocrb nnna$oqnron).

ffin,rno$usa)cTI,IMyxHpyeTKopyHaAIoqeqHHKoBKBbIAenegaro6olrueroKoJII,IqecTBa
Koprr''r3oJra (npnnqnn KaqaHlrfl Ha AOCKe r HerarHBHo* o6parHoil cs.s:lr);

' crplMynupyer HHTepnefrrnH-1, noroprfi BblAensror uarcpo$arlr unauyuuofi

cucreMbr Ha $oue BocnzureHgs;
r 6uoparurr (qrapxaAHslff praru): noBbrrrreHlre paHHHM yrpoM, cHpr)KeHHe c 4-x vacoe
4ux;
. cTHMyJrHpyeTcrr BbraeneHhe rcpMoHa npH cTpecce
A,rxgocrepou - orHocnTcr K Mr4HepanoKoprr4Ko HAaM :
o cnoco6crByer,3a,qepx(Ke.Harpur. B, opraHH3Me:
o cnocoocrByer BbIBeAeHHlo KanI,Ifi noqKaMH, rIoroB!,IMI,I LI 0JII0HHLIMH )KeJIe3aMH, r{To Be4er K 3aAep}KKe
xr.rAKocrr4 B opraHra3Me
- (BoAa _ pa6srHr Harpts>r;
' peryrqul4t ypoBHt nog so:geftcrBneM peHhHa (ropnoH nouerc) no [.pnHrlr4ny o$paruoI cBr3r4.
Agpenannn:
. roroBl4T TeJto K $n:uvecromy .{eficrruru;
. yBenprrtuBaercepAeqHslfi asr6poc;
. crr4MyJrupyer AerrreJrbnocrr l{HC; , ,

'. yBeJII'IqnBaer ypoBeHb caxapa KpoBH (mnroreHoltz:) n creneHr nunonusa (paculen:renlie

, 'i. ..:xupon);
pacu,pseTJlerorlHr,IeBO3AyXOHOCH'I..'yTH; -

. yBenhqHBaeTcBepTblBaeMocTbKpoBH:
' pacuhpfler cocyAbl cnelerHoft MycKynarypbt H cyxaer Hx s 6o,rsur4HcrBe opraHon (rcpove cep4ua);
. pacutHpreT 3palroK.
Hopagpenarnn: : . 1. .i , '.t.,

97
 M M III' (HAIII AOM,r eW3HOJtOf VIfl,rt E/tO BE KA
. yBenxqr,rBaer cep71eqHsril esr6poc;
o yBeruqhraer nepra$epHqecKoe co[poruBreHHe cocyAoB h ypoBeHb aprepna-{6Hor-e
. yBeruqHeaer ssrceo6o)KAeHue ceo6o4Httx xnpH;IX Kr{cnor.;
,]oBjIeHHf,, qi , jl

. yBeJrhqHBaeT cTuMyr-rxup{rc qHC.

BltAeresue aAper{anHHa Hopa,{peHaJI?Ia;crYMyfr{pyercq cHMnarr4r{ecrcoii nepaHofi cucreuofi (cHC)rp
I4
orBer Ha
so:l]eftcreHe crpecca - pear(uxr <cpaxailcl nnuy6eraft>.
3ru ropvoHbl noMofalor opraHH3My nporHBocro"t, atpaaay, o.aHaKo oHH He )rg{3HeHHo Heo6xotrur,lsr.
npN
nPo'[OnxurerbHoM Bnvrqwt crpeccopa oHH MOryT npHBecrH K nOBbrueHHlo
aprepHa-qbHofo AaBJleHr..tr.

Crpecc, ropMoubr HaAloqeqHnrcon n:QSeKTbr crpecca: '

Crpecc --+ cHMnaTHqecKafl HepBHat cizcTeMa *-+ Mo3roeoe BeIr{ecTBo HaAnor{eqHqron

(a4pegafluH H HopaApenarruH)
--+ Kopa HaAnoqeqHr4roB (xoprneo.n u Ap.).
I4cxolrr:-
' Korra crpeccop nepecraer geficrroeart, napacl,IMnaruqecKar r{epBHar cHcreMa 6loxnpyer 4alrHefiuee
BbrleJreHae fopMoHoB cTpecca;

' ecilH ranor:ulaMo-rano$nsapHo-HaAlloserlHxnoBat cucreMa (ffH cucrenra)

nocroxHrlo crr.rMyngpyatr" n
' aRTVBHOMy BblAeJIeHI4lO fOpMoHoB CTpecca,3To BeAer K pa3naAy ee
AegTeJrbHocrH:
/ \acrafir crpecc npH orcyrcrBr4v a1atffaL\Hr4 K HeMy:
"/ orcrpoqeHHllfr orser Ha crpecc, npuqeM ffH cucreu a acTvBligwpyercrr, Ho no KaKHM-T6 npurrqHaM
BHe3anHo oTICIlOqaeTcr;
/ secnoco6Hocrb npoI.{3BoALITb Aocraror{Hoe KoJlr{.recrBo KoprH3oJIa B orBer Ha crpecc;
Kopru:on perynupyer ypoBeHt lrnroKHHoB, a HX nepenpou3BoncrBo u na6opatopHo,r ,*n.pr*eHTe y Kpbrc
BbI3bIBaJIO yBenHr{eHHe pI4CKa pA3B]aTr4q BocnaJrHTeJrbHbtx t.l ayroHMyHHbrX
Saoo,nesaHufi.
Crpecc u nlosr:
3 yfHeraer QaKTop pocra HepBoB --+ yrHeraercr o6pasonaH6e ci.{HailcoB H yMeHb[raeror 3arrrnra HepBoB;
. BeAeT K IrOTepe AeHIpr.moB HepBHbrx rureroK.
8' flo"'Iosrle ,I(.JI.3LI. fleralrnoe orIHcaHHe xeHcKHX H MyxrcKHX rroJroBbrx xene3 r.{ I4x ropMoHoB cM. B pa3Aene
<llolonas cplcreMa. Co speneHurre M eroAr,r nonrpuq"nr_1r"n.

98
 MMIil (HAIII AOM,> QVBVAfiOfVn HEJIOBEKA
Ypox ''t} 13
Tema. Moqesrr^eflr{TeJrbHafl ctcreMa. ' ': ' ' '

'i

BrIAeleHne-3Tonpouecc'BXoAeKoToporo-opraHH3Mnz6agnnetcnoTnpoAyKToso6i\aeFIareu.ie,9rn
Pa:,'ruqHrre opfaubr opraHn3Ma nocrorHHo nrip46aruuaror cBon co6crBeHHbre nodoqrirre npo4ytcmr, Koropble
AonxHbI o6gsareltHo yraJrxrbcn, v ec:lw rtoao n" ilpoucxoAr4T, To opraHI{3M 6yAer orpauxrt, cana ce6s.
K nrue.nureilHtiu opraHau orgoc.gr: Mor{eByrc cacreMyJ klaiueqHion. rreqeHb, n..o"a,'nonqy.

Opransl MorreBbrAerrnrelsuofi cr{creMbr (MC):

l). flourcra.
2). Mouerovuarcn.
3). Moueeoft ny3brpb.
4). Mouenueolslquil KaHaJr.

Oynrcur,ru MC:
1) o6ecneqesne BoAHoro 6anauca;
2) o6ecneqenne sneKTponrTTnoro 6alaHca;
3) o6ecneqeHne KHcJiorHo-rqenoqHoro paBHoBecHq B opraHH3Me;
4) BbrBeAeHue roKchqecKHX npoAyKroB o6lreHa
5) npou3BoAcrBo BuTaMun-{-ropuoua,
".q""i";
6) npon3BoAcrBo penr{sa (pery-tuponna AA) - peHuH II -+ aJibAocrepoH -Af -+ pea6cop6qns Na u H2O ---+
nonurureHue A,[;
7) [por.{3BoAcrBo ]pr{Tpo[o3TlrHa, crlrMynnpy]oulero nupa6orKy 3parpouHToB.

l. floqns. :

:no,O 6o6onu4Hsrfi opraH. pa3Mep rcaxaofi florrKl4 He npeBbruaer pa3\,ep KynaKa(10-12.5-6,3-4 cr,l), nacca
I 50-l 60 r;
. noKpbrTbrKancyJraMH;
. pacnororrcenrr sa6prournHHo, cpa3y nepeA no3BoHoqHLru crol6on,r, {yrL Bbnle rannv;
. KaxAat rorrKa oKpyx(eHa <xrapoeofi no,4yurrcoft>;
, reBar noqKa uyrr 6o:mure npanofi H pacnonox(eHa HeMHofo Bbrtrre Hee;
. B nor{Ky BX0AHT apTepvtfl, a BblxcAr{T BeIJa u MoqeToqHHK;
. 20% (onolo 1 :r) eceft nepeKaquBaeuoft cep,q{eM KpoBr4 Kax4yro M}r}ryTy ilpoxoAur r{epe3 noqKu.

Crpyrc{vpa noqen:
A. Kopronoe BerrlecrBo - napyNHuft c.noft noveic, coAep)Kr,rr He$pourr.
B. Mo:r<leoe Berr{ecrBo - BHyrpeHHnft clofi noqeqsoft TKaHH, coAepxnT KaHaJrbqbr.
C. tlaurequo-noxaHor{Hag cHcreMa.

Her[pon:
. o c HoB Ho ft Q u,rrrpyrouluff :lelreHT noqeK, $y HrqnoHa,n bnafl eAt4Hr4L\a;

' npoH3BoAHT MOr{y;

. COCTOHT H3:
/ nny6oqxa-cerb KpoBeHocHbrx KannJrnflpoB;
/ noqeqHoro KaHarL,qa * qepe3 Hefo orreKaer
$nlrrpar KpoBH s co6rEparoqnfi xaHa-neq 14 Aa.Jree B
qauer{Ky H JroxaHKy;
/ nancylu Eoyrraeua-lllyMJtfl HcKoro - Kancyra, noKpbrBaloutar r,ly6ouen;
. B Kax.qofi noqxe orolo 1-3 MHJTJiHoHoB He$poHoe;
. pa6oraror He Bce oAHoBpeMeHso: 1/3 pa6oraer. 1/3 rorosfircr x pa6ore, 1/3 orAsxaer.

K,r)tdoqerc cocronr nl:

99
 ' MMIII'(HAIII AoMo QrLTwolrorvfl r{E/roBEKA
a) sHocsueft (a$$epeHruori) aprepraoJbr Hecer KpoBb B liry6ovncnr,"'ounrnn"pr,; ' I
- i

oHa KpynHee nsrHocrulefr. Llro Aaer Bo3Molr(Hocrb noAlepxr4Barb

AaB_rreHHe KpoBH e uedrpoHe, ueo6xo4nvoe
IjTr o cy ue crBJteHI4q {l n;rrrpaqu n :
b) ertHocrulefr (:$SepeHrHofi) aprepuorlbr Hecer KpoBL, or rcry6ourorux Kanunrrpo.B . , .
- ll:,.',,
floqeqssrft rcaHaneu cocronr ng: ,..

a) rrpoKcuManbHoro H3BHToro KaHaJibua - HaqarbHbrft or4el;

b) neua fes:re: npcMar HucxoArulat'{acrb + rIInHjrbKoBHAHa, nerr,i, * npxnaa.s socxoAqrqa, qacr6;
c) AacramHrrfi H:suroft KaHaneq - pacnono)KeH nocJre nerlu feHle; , i,
d) co6upate,rlusrfi xaHaleu - npx:raofi cefMeHT noqer{Horo KaHrurbua, roroprrfi co6upaer u: Sranrrpar
HecKoJIsKHX HeSDonoe.

KaK HeSpoH nooH:sonlar neper4qFrvlo rr4oqv:

B He$poHe rrponcxoAuT HecKoJrbKo npoqeccoB.
I ' @ullrpauus
- KpoBb' nporeKat no my6oury KanurJlrpoB nog 6o,rrunM AaBneHheM, o.rAaer BoAy rd pacrpopeHHbre
n Hefr neulecrBa B npocBer KancyJIbI Eoyueua, aAaree s noqeqHsrft KaHaL{eq. 3ro
nny6ouHoetdi $a:6rpar-
nepBHtrHat raoqa. Ero odpa:yercr orcono 1 80- 190 ,r/cyr. Crcopocrr
$ulrrpa qtav 120 vnlmuru (7 nluac).
3purporiarlt n 6e,rox HHKorAa B HopMe He BbIXoAqr r{epe3 creHKy Karr,JrJrrpoB, HX rrocryrureHr,re B Mor{y
cBxlerenbcrByer o ga6oileeaHul,t nor{eK.

2' Pea6cop6uuq-6o:nurac uacrr xly6or{KoBoro

Sunrrpara BcacbrBaercr o6parHo qepe3 creHKy rroqeqHoro
KaH€uIbrIa e Kanl{nnspF,i (xanlrnxpsr, o6ennaroulue nanaleq). KoHe.{Hrrfi flpoAyKT
Yepiary6ynflpHlle
rvoua 1,2-1 ,5 n.
- BTop}.rirHa.s
'' ' BoAa - noqrH 99o/o uogst pea6cop6upyercq B rrpoKcr{ManbHbix KaHanruax;

' uiFoKo3a - Bcfi rJlloKo3a B HopMe pea6cop6rapyercs. y .4ua6ernxoB r{acrb ee

repaercr c uovofi;
' HoHbI HarpHtr - .lacrH.IHo pea6cop6upylorcr{, qeu 6oilrure co:rn norpe6:i flercfl, TeM MeHbrrre ee
pea6cop6r.rpyercs lt uao6opor;
Taxuna o6pa:oru opfalIH3M noAAepxo{Baer cra6u,rruocrr} cojreBofo cccraBa KpoBr,r.

3' cexpeuaq - ilpoqecc, Bo BpeMf Koroporo He)I(errareJrbHbie HJT'' HeHyxHbre Beu{ecrBa lroK'Aaror
KanLrJIJr{pbr H
nocryralor B KaHzL[eq H BblBoAtrcs c Naoqoii. B xouqe npouecca ceKper-lur.i o6pa:yercr Moqa, Koropa.rr
a BbrBoAHTcq
I'{3 nor{eK rlepe3 Mor{erorIHHKH r no'{esofi rry3blpb I,i
Aanee qepe3 MoqeBbllerlareJlbHuft nana-r HapyN(y. : .

CerpeTzpyrorc.s t4oHbl BoAopoAa, KaiTM\ MoqeBHHbr, HeKoropbrx MeAHKaMeHToe. 3a cqer

ceKpeqqg noArep)K r4Baerc1
cra6ulrlto crb KHcJrorHo-rqenor{ Horo co craBa KpoBI4.

HarueqKs co6uparor Moqy H3 cobnparenrubrx KaHaJrr,rIeB.

Jloxaunu co6upalor Mor{y r43 qaureqeK u HanpaBnrror B MoqeroqHrlKr4.

Peryrquur so.{Ho ro 6anaHca:

l ' AHrutuyperHqecrcnfi fopMoH (AAf)
- rcpMoH rr4noranaMyca, HaKanJrr/rearoquftcx e :a4ueft 4ole rHno$u:a,
o6ecnequeae'r pea6cop6qnlo BoAI'I B KaHiurbrlax. HecaxapHr;ffi
Eua6er- pe3ynbrar HeAocrarKa 3Toro
ropMoHa.
2' All4ocrepoH - fopMoH' ceKperLrpyeMsrii lropofi HaAnoqeqHHKoB, pexynHpyer pea6cop6uurc Borr,r H HarpHrr B
AHcrarbHbtx KaHanbllax. Ero eltcoKas KoHIIeHTpaqI4r B KpoBr.r.crnMyJrupyer pea6cop6qulo BoAbl 14 H{tBvn n

- ry,IeHbuaerBbIBeAeHr,IeHarpHflHBoAbrcnaoqofi. . :;.:,,::,. :r.

3' llpegcepgHrrft Harpnfiyperuqecxufi Sairrop (ropuoH) - arrpa6arsrBaercrr npeAcepAnrMu cepAqa, , r :i..
crHMynHpyer ceKpeuulo Harpl4s H3 KpoBH B Moqy. Boga ore4yer 3a HarpHeM, no3ToMy opraHH3M reprer
6o,rrue Harpr4,fl n Bo.[br.

.1': :..- ;' ' i tt:'

KoHrpo;rr apiepuamHoro naereHux. :l:'
'i ;' ;
Kor4a yponeHl.A[ HH3oK, noqKn ce(pg,Tt4py]or ropMoH H, Koro pt it vtnn tluwpJ er
peHH t cyxe_H r4e : Kpo Be H o c H br x
cocyAoB H, KaK'clreAcrBue, iloAHsrne A.[.

2. Moqero.rHHKll.
o napHufi opfan; '' '
: :: ' i :

. y3Ktre rpy6rcn e 4r.lanaerpe MeHee 6 una n

4lnHof 25_30 cu;
100
 MMLU (HAil[ AOM> OI43i,lOilOfyIfr I{E/IOBEKA
. co6nparcT Morry r43 iloxaHoK z Hecyr ee B MoqeBofi ny:slpu;
. uvercT roHxnii r,tsiueqHt,tfi c,rofi, xoropstfi cnoco6crBye'r HHcxoilrurer{y npoABH}KeHH}o MCr{H.

3. Moqesofi ny:upb. , :,, rj .:.

. fJraAKoMtture'{Hrlft opraH, cny}KHT pesepeyapon Ans Mor{H,
. pacIIoJTo)KeH B Ta3y cpa3y 3a Jlo6Kostil\a. clru$u:or,r, npra Ha[onHeqt4u
- BbrIrIe Hefo;
. Ha lpaHHue c MoqeHclrycKarerbHbrM KaHatoM pacnonoxeH c$uHxrep;
. no3blB K Mor{enc[ycKaHr{ro Bo3Hr,rKaer npr.r HaJirI,Ir{Hu 1 cr. uovn;
. BMecrureJrbHocrb Molr(er Aocrnfarb 700-1000 nr:r.

4. Moqeucuycrcare,rrsrrfi nauan (yperna). l

e !3Kox rpy6rca, Lrepe3Koropyro Moqa noKuAaer raoqeeofi ny3brpr,

. xeHuIHHsl: ruuHa 4 cvr;
. My)Kql4HbI: .qnHHa 2A ct'/l A BblnonHter 2 $yunqrar.t - BbrBeAeHne MoqH:'I4 BblBeAeHHe c[epMbt.
.:
IlpaxruuecKoe rrpuMerrenue :uanufi
@anropu, yiryqilarcqne pa6ory, noqen.
l. llefire'MHoro qucroft eoau!l! Hegocrarox BoArr Beler K pa3Burulo,izu$enquu, rauHei, para.
O3fI, c.421 <BoAa - canrufi iryvuruft HafipIToK, cnoco6rislE orrucrnTb rKaHH opraHtr3Ma) ''
2. Perylspuoe usnre re,ra u crupKa'o4ex4sl o6leruaror pa6ory noqeK rro BbrBeAeHurc roKcHHoB.
CI4, c.276 <A6colrcrHafl qucronJlorFtocrb .nBrqercq cyulecrBeHHoft xax 4lr $n:uuecKoro, TaK H AJrr AyxoBHoro
3Aoponbfl. llllanu nocrotHHo yAaJltlorct H3 opfaHh3Ma r{epe3 roxy. MnmuoHbr flop 6;rcrpo 3acoprr]orcfi r4 Teprror
npoxo.4plMocTb, ecJIH HX He coAepx(aTb B r{r,IcToTe, rtacTo npI4HHMarI BaHH-v; B TIpOTHBHOM Cnyqae [IJrtaKH, KOTopLIe
AonxGbI BbIBoAHTbct rrepe3 Ko)Ky, craHoBgrcrl AofIoiIHHTeJmHsttv 6penaeHeM Anr Apyflix BsIAenI,ITeJILHLIX opltaHoB)).
CW. c.216 <Baxso raKxe, qro6st onexra BCerAa 6trra.incrofi.3aHoureHHoe nrarbe BrrurbrBaer orxorbr
)KI43HeAcsreJIbHocrt4 opt-aHH3Ma, BbrxoArulue qepe3 nopbl. Ec,ru nrarbe perynrpHo He MeHrrb 14 He crnparl, Koxa
BnHTaer Bce HerlHCTorsl o6paruo>

3. I4s6erafire qoe:MeDuoil dnsnqecrcoft Harpy:xpl (copennonare.rrbHbre Bragbr cnopra, noAHrrne rxxecrefi),

o.aHaKo BeaHTe arcrunHufi o6pa: xu:ur.r - ynyquaer uhpKynnuuro KpoBra B noirKax.
CU r.2, c.533 <ExelHeBHbre yMepeHHbre Qr:nvecrcue Harpy3Kr.i npr,LqaAyr cxirJ- MbrrilqaM, Koropbre or HeAocrarKa
ynpaxneHufi craHoBflTcrl BtlJIbrM14 u.[pr6,'lur,il.r. 6laro4apr aKTprBHbrM e)KeAHeBHETM 3aHrrr4rrM IIa cBexeM Bo3!yxe
neqeHb, rIoqKI,I I{ rerKHe rarcKe yKpen.{Tct r.r 6ygyr xopouo $yuxqHoHr4poBaTr,. Ilpnsonrre Ha noMorrlb cr{n-v Boir}r--
oHa craHer conporllBJtflTbcs xonoAy H BAoxHer SHeprurc n uepnnyrc'ctrcreMy. r{epe: HeKoropoe BpeN,rrr bu croxt xcso
noqyBcrByere ga ce6e nonb3y ynpaxueuuft u qllcroro Bo3Ayxa, qro He 3axorprre xuTL 6e: :rux 6larocroeeHrpb).

4.He nepeoxlaxaafirecr - nepeoxrax(AeHne rrpe4pacflorraraer x sa6oresaHnril/r.

C[ r.2, c.53 1 <Xopouree 3AopoBbe 3aBI{cHr or xopou]ero rcpoeoo6pauleHuq. Oco6oe BHHMaHHe cJreAyer yAerflTb
KoHeqHocrtM, tlro6bl oHu 6uuil,t raK xe xopouo 3arqr4ul,eHbr, KaK rpyAHaji rurerKa u o6lacrr cepAqa, rAe
KoHIIeHTpI,Ipye'rcn 6o:Eure Bcero renJla. PoAnrenu, BbrrrycKaronlue Aereft Ha yJir4r{y noqrlr rrro c roJrbrMr.{ pyKaHH 14
HoraMI{, npHHocqr xtagur I{ 3AopOBbe cBoHx 4erefi n xeprBy tr,lo4e. Ecln KoHer{HocTl4 He iaxogrrct B Tenre raK xe.
KaK i,l Bce TeJIo. KpoBoo6parrleHne 6rteaer HepaBHoMepurttu. Ecml He yTennHTb KaK c.rre[yeT KoHeqHocTH, y.4a-reHHbre
or xlasHeHuo BalI(HbIx oprdnoe, KpoBb- npHnl4Baer K rorose,'eH3btsat ronoBHyro 6olr u HocoBbte KpoBorer{eHHr HirH
, AaBfiIIII4e oI{yIUeHI,Is B rpyAn, ecle4crer'Ie r{ero Bo3HHKaeT'Katuei'Ib u,rin yvauleHrioe cepAUe6HeHHe H3-3a roro, rrro B
3ToM Mecre cKanruBaercff cJlnIrIKoM MHoro KpoBI4. Kponr rapKe Mo)Ker npanhBarb K xeJryAKy, Bbr3brBat
paccrpoftcrso nr4rqeBapeHH.q).'

5. IluraHrae: :. .

. qepHHKa H KIIIoKBa coAep)Kar Bsu{ecrBa, Koropbre noAaBnsror pocr 6arcrepufi u npennrcrBy}or iax
npuKpenneHl,rro K cTeHKaM Mor{eBbIBoAflrqHX rryrefi;
c fis6erafire ynorpe6leHl{l BLtcoKo6enKoesil nuuqia, oco6eiiHo Nneoruoro npoucxoxgeH}iq - r4s6rlror 6e.:rxa
noBpexAaer HeSpor-rtr;
o nxilIa, 6oraraq KaJIHeM, 3aulHulaer uor{Kla;
:t . .. t.
.
:

BeferapHaHcKafl Aue'ra 6ora'ra aprHHHHoM, xotopr,rfi yqacrByer e oopa:onauHH oKcHIa a:gfa, xOtopsrft
rrpeAorBpauaer crra3M nor{eqHbrx aprepufr, a sro npo$ranarcruKa.l-r4nep-reH3uu;
:.., .. .

10i
 ,', :;; n4'nrlHtr'<HAIIi AoU; O,fi SI4onOFtfl, qnnob Erca
. neTpyrxKa yMeHbIrIaeT BOcIIzLiteHHe B MOr{eBbtBolftuIHX rryrflx i.t o6:rerqaeT BbtBeIeHHe rcauueft H3
IIOr{eK.
Y6epeveHHblXxeHI!I4HMoXeTcTl4My'HpoBaTbcoKpaIqerruevarxra!
..1.;11:l:.'':.:'l:;:.'|.-:;..-j:|:.]::'.'.:..':,:l;.,,-l,::..,,'l:::i::t.:,;.

Brtro4. r..,r.,'.tltj,'i.r,t.r. -.ii|.i,:.i.,.,.t,. r,,; ,

t,.:.....:..,. :....';.r. '
Eor npeAycuorpeJl yAHBhrenbHyro cHcreMy or{HcrKr.r Harrero opraHx3Ma or
ltp:;{){Krolr9.9u9,1la,,rgg?rru,,kll eri,He
Meluarl' Ho co3rarb onruMarbHlle y,gnoBI4fl AJrx ee no-r-rHorleHHoro
$yHrulnonraponaHr,rx;',qHa qq;iq6ua,r.rongoc ro;i,,
or{H[Iarb Hau] opraHH3M. I ,'";.::'i1i1:'Y-Y.1.i'i',:i'I1:-1i:Y'T

7]omaurnee iaAaHr{e.
flo4roroenrbcr K cAaqe recroB rro reMe <<Moqeebuerl,rreJrLr{ar cplcreMa).

1':: .
" ':

.: r j.-r'ij"i:!: j, .t L:. :

t02
 , : MMLLI,(HAI{I AOMI ,QI43WOnOil4fl,t{E"IIOBEKA
Yuox.\! 14
:
Te*ra. (Dn:Ho,rorsq norosofi cr{cre*r'r. oanourrtra."iar'oa- *oitpuq*,,qn'u.
' ' '" ' ':
floAreraa: crpoenue n Qn:no,ror[q My]KcKHx r{ )r(encxrrx lroJ'roBblx opranoB .
: .

I rr-
L LTpoeHr{e
^---- -
Mv}r(cKHx rroJroBbrx oDraHoB.
Myxcxfi e no,roeule oDraHr,r

HanyxHsre
r lleHplc (ry6uacroe I4 nelqepl{crble re;Ia. MorreucqycKarelrnslfi KaHaJr,,ForroBKa, rpairHxx.moru, BeHer{Hat
6opo:4rca, relo,
xopeHr)
t MoruosKa c tnqKaMH, npl4laroK frr4qta, cenaegsoft KaHarHK (cenaxsrrHocrulnfi nporoK * gfiqrcoeafr aprepufl +
shqrosaq seHa)
BHvrpeHHne
1. llpe4crarelbHarr )KeJre3a (:npocrara)
2. CeueHHsre ny3brpbKH
3. CeueHHrre ilporoK
2. Onluonorns myxcrcux no,rognrx opranos.
(Dynxuns:
Myxcrule noJIoBbIe opraHbl [pelHa3HatteHbr Ajrt ertpa6arursaHnr cnepMbr (.auunlr, rrpr4AarKpr qtrqeK, npocrara,
ceMeHHble ny:uprrcu) H AocraBJIeHrar (nporonu, nenac) ee B )KeHcKHe rronoBrre opraHbr.

fleuuc.
' flo uelffpaJrbHoMy Mor{enc[ycKareJlbHoMy KaHaJry (: yperpa) BHyrpH r]eHuca rrpoxoAprr Moqa H3 MolreBoro
ny3Llpfi Bo BpeMs Mor{eucnycKaHr4fl vlrll CnepMa Bo BpeN.Ifl noJroBofo aKra.
o fIeHuc o6llqHo (npn orcyrcrBna ceKcyzrnruoro no:6yx4eHrax) cBucaer nepeA naogrosroft n paccla6:reHHoivr
cocrotHHl'l h efo AnHHa Aocrl4raer 6-12 cv. B coctosunu 3peKqniz, neHrlc Aocrufaer l0-20 cu B Anr,rHy.
' llpla ceKcytL'tbHoM so:6yN.4eunu oH craHoBr4Tcr rBepAbrM, yr{pyrnM H nprMblM,
Ha[paBJreHHbiM crerKa
KBepxy. Tarcoe npeodpa:osaHile (=sperqax) npoucxoAr4T 3a cqer o6luruoro HanoJrHeHprr KpoBr,Io
pa3BerBneHHofi cerrta cocyAoB BHyrpH ry6uacrtx H nerqepncrbrx reJr, nog nosgeficrBqeM noJroBbrx
ropMoHoB.
o C yeerllqeHl4eM neHuca Bo BpeMfi 3peKrJHH, npafturr nJlorb or-rrfHBaerc.fi Ha3aA, ocraBrqq fonoBKy orxprruoft
4lx ao:4efrcrBlltl, Koropoe BeAer K opra3My - attcrueft Tor{Ke ceKcyzurbHoro so:6yxgeuiax.
e lloc,te ceMtn3BepxeHnfl 14 crlaAa ceKcyaJrbHoro sos6yxqeunr KpoBb ornaBaer' !{ rreHac npr4xoAgT B cBoe
o6rt.{Hoe cocrorHl,Ie.
c Koxa Ha ronoBKe u xpaftHefi ililorl4 BbrAerqer ca,.IbHoe BeurecrBo (:ctuer,na), Koropoe cjry)Kr,Tr cua3roft,
o6lerqas ABI'Ix<eHpIe xpafiuefi rIJrorI4 rlo roJIoBKe. Oqesr Ba>KHo cMen\,r!' peryJrqpHo cMLIBarb: y HeKoropbrx
Myxc{HH oHa cKaruIHBaerc{, o6pa:yx 3noBoHl{yrc rnefircyrc Maccy e xoropofi MoryT pa3h,rHo)Karbcq
6olesuereopHble MlrKpo6rt, uro BeAer K pa3BuTr4ro BocrrzureHlrr
- 6alauary. llorroprloalufrcn ulu
nocrosnnufi 6alaHnr Mo)fier npl4Becrr4 K cpauleHnlo KoN(r4 roroBrcn n npaftHefi n'ioru
cocroflHl{e qBJiterct MeAHIII,THcKHM noKa3aHneu 4lx o6pesanvfl - yAanenr.rJ{ xpafiHeft rrjrorr4.
- Qumo:y. 3ro
MoruoHxa pt xuqxn.
r MourouKa ilpeAcraBlger codoft MoplquHucrblft noxprnstft eorocaruu Merrror{eK u: roHroft Ko)ro,t, B KoropoM
HaxoatTcfl fluc.Kt4.
r Kaxrltfi $u:uuecrul sgopoufi Myxs{HHa }rMeer ABa qr.rr{Ka. ?rH xeressl o6pa:ymcs y 3apoAbrrrra B ero
6pnuiuofi noJlocrn, a K MoMeHTy poxAenur oHr4 3aHHMaIor cBoe Mecro B MoiIroHKe.
r CocroqHne [pI4 KoropoM y HoBopox,qeHHoro Ma;IbrrfiKa o'rcyrcrBylor oAHo nnv. o6a r6qKa B MoirroHKe
Ha3r'IBaeTcq KpHIITOpXI3MOM' qTO 3ar{aCTyIO qBJI{eTCtl nOKa3aHI4eM Anfi Onepaqlrn. BO BpeMq
O[epar{r{H
c$oprrauponaHHble, Ho no rcanoft-ro npI4qHHe He onycrr4nrlrhec.a u: 6prcuuofi norocrn rlrqKn ofiycKa]or B
MouroHr(y.
Tor $anr, rITo flI'IqKH
BbIHeceHbI 3a npeAenbr 6prourHoft noJrocrn oqeHb Bax(eH. Ihrs ycreuHoro o6pa:oaaHux
cnepMaro3onAon neobxoAuMa reMrreparypa Ha 3 rparyca no l{eltcr.r}o HH)Ke, r{eM TeMneparypa reJra. floerorury qvrljrit4
pacilono)KeHu e uogtpHKe, rAe o6ecne'{eHa raKas reMneparypa, OrcpyNaroulrre rKaHu rroMararor peryni4poBarb
TeMneparypy BHyrpH MoIlloHKH, noATflfHBafl ql4r{Kfi BBepx, 6lnNe K Teny, B xonoAHoe BpeMfi, a KorAa reMneparypa
floBbllrlaerct crlHIrIKoM BbICOKO, XOpOIlIO pa3BplTas CeTl, KpoBeHocHbrx cocyAoB CHI,IX€eT ee.
@yHtcunH qHqeK.

103
 MM III' (HAllI AO M, QIBVIAJTATVfl ri E/{ 0 B E KA
o
o6pa3osaHHe cnepMaTo3ouAoB (nepeAa.{a reHergqecpofi aH$opvaqan) , .

t
ertpaoorKa My)KcKofo noloBoro ropMoHa - Tecrocrepona. TecrocrepoH
o6yc,ranlueaer npacyu'e.Myxtr,He
oco6eHgocru: gu:rufr foJloc, TeJIocJ'to)KeHHe, pacnpeAeJIeHHe )KHpa
peaKquI4 tlo My)KcKoMy rHny, irayxcttoil THn noJ'toBofi
v oBonoceHI4e, ncprxoJrof,qecK,e
arrfisr{ocrn. rO6pa:oBaH}ae cnepMaro3oairoB H
BblAetleHHe ropMoHOB BblnorH.qlorct coBepllreHHo pa3HbIMH fpyilnaMH
X-neroK BHyrpH Ka)xAoro trHrIKa.
MyNcrcoe 6ecn"Iorue. oa'oil H3 ocHoBHbIX I'pHTIHH lecn:toptm y qB.,,serct.
My)(qHH nopaxeH'e ]g'qeK B]rpycoM
3nI'IAeMHqecKoro llaporHra (<cnIaHxa>).. 3ro cocro.qHxe pa3Bl4Baerct KaK ocno)I(HeHr4e nepeHeceHHoro ga6oreeaH,x
MaJrLr{r,rKoM B Bo3pacre craplue l0 ,,rer.
llpuAarrn snqeK cocroflT H3 cer, MHKpocKonHa{ecxHX rpy6over, no KoropbrM
H3 fiHqeK nocrynaror cnepMaro3oHrbr.
oHA snl'srorct BMecrl'trlHqeM, rAe cnepMaro3oHAbr (co3peBalor)), Ha qro yxonur
60-72 ,laca. 3ru rpyoouKl.r
coeAl4Hflorc'q B orHy 6onee rpynnyro - celtxsrtHocqulufi nooroK.
ou Hecer a1aprurorogALr K ocHoBaFrHIo MoqeBo.o,
fiy3blpt H npoxorar qepe3 Tonilly npeAcrarelsuofi xeJle3bt, rAe K cnepMaro3onAaM qo6annrecr
cox npercrare,rrHoft
xeJ'Ie3bI, rcoroprtfr, KaK npeAnonaralor, {Bllflerc.{ n}rrarelbHoil cpe4oft
IJII )ru3He4e-rrrerbHocru cnepMaro3o'AoB.
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$yurcqnefi rcoropoft rBrrerc, onnoAorBopeHHe
xescrofr nolonofi tcrrernr4, tfi (exlerxu.
I B AIHHY cnepMaro3ol{"q oKono 0,05 unt, a no $opue HarroMl4Haer roJroBacrgKa.
. AeJTHTCfl Ha TpI4 rIacTpI: fo,rioBKy, Te,ryO r{ XBOCTHK.
s nepeAH.sr qacTr, fojloBKH co,4ep)Kr,rT crrer{HiurbHbre $epueHrrr, KoropLre npH ooilpHKocHoBeHI,IH c
xftqex-lerrofi pa3pbtxJtflror ee creHKy r{ Aa}oT B03MO)KHOCTb C[epMaToso].IAy npoHaKHyTb BHyTpb 14
oIInoAOTBOpr,rTb ee.
s Tero cnepMaTO3OHIa coAeplKHT MHTOXOHAplrr.r, KoTopbre cHa6Naror cnepMaro3ong :Hep rneft An, IBH)KeHprr.
. Ha3HaqeHHe xBocTHKa - ABHfaTb cnepMaTo3oHA" rlTo oH H lenaeT, v3BIaBAfrCb, KaK KHy! v pa3BqrBafr cKopocTb
4o 3-3,5 MM B MlrHyry. - r

t B rlpocBere )KeHCKHX rIoJioBbIX opraHoB cnepMaro3oHrbr

coxpaHrlor cnoco6uocrb,K onnoAorBopeHaro oKoJro
rpex cyToK
Brma6arsiaaHHe cnepNlaro:oHnos. cnepnaarosol,tgrr eripa6arbTealorcr
Haqvtafl c nepno4a nolonofi :pelocru (r
cpenHeM 14:rer) [paKTuqecKl4 Ha npor.x)KeHnn sceft Nr.r:HH My]rs{r.rHbr.
B cpegnem BbrAenrerc, or l0 ro 30
6t'il:ruoFtos cnepMaro3otzAoB B Mec{u. OaK:rlr.{ecKu ilpu,qaroK rurrKa
Moxer 6rnr onycroureH 3a 3 unw 43flKyxxu'H B
TeqeHHI4 12 'Iacos u rpe6yercx oKono AByx gHefi, uro6u efo
HanorHHTb BHoBb. B cpe4Henr 3a oAHy 3rKyn.firrplo
BblAenfercfi ao 400 MnH' cnepMaro3ollAoB. EcnH cennqu3BepxeHur He
rrpoucxo,qrrr ro crrepMaro3or,{Abr pa3pymarorcr,
a ax cocTaBrsroulHe vilyT HA ilOCTpOeHI're HoBtrx cnepMaTO3OHAOB.

llpeAcrarerirHas xele:a y ocHoBaHHs MoireBofo ny3brpr 14 oKpyx€er HaqanbHyro qacrL

pacnonol*eHa
MoqencITlicKareJlbHoro KaHtuIa.
oua ertpa6arblBaer xi4AKocrb, Koropat HaprAy co cnepMaro3ogAaMrz tz cenaeHgofr
xfl'IAKocTLIO ceMeHHbIX IIy3bIpbKoB, cocTaBJIfeT ceMg,
H3BeplaeMoe Bo BpeMt Ilo,'toBoro aKIa H3
MOqe14C[IyCKaTeJ'ibHofo KaH€LIIa.

tr{:-sa ocooeHHocr, pacnoJloxeHl.s npeAcrarelluofi x(ere3br,

Mofyr Bo3HIrKarb npo6reuu c Moqel4cnycKaH,eM npl{
HeKoropLIX :a6oresaul4sx. Tax rtpn npocrarure (eocnaleHue
npocraur), npv aAeHoMe npocrarr,r
(.ao6poxauecrBeHHar onyxonr), flpn paKe npocrarbr
nponcxoAur yBernqeHne rrpeAcTareJrbHofi xeressr i4 Hac.rynaer
cAaBJIeHI',Ie Mor{efic[ycKaret{bHofo KaHarra yBerr.tr{eHHofi
Xe,re:oft. 3ro tigar K 3arpyrHeHH}O CnO6o4HOrO
orxox(AeHHt Mor{H H MyxG{HHe npl4xoA[{Tcfl HaryxHBarbcx, {r.o6rl
onopoxffiHTb tr{oqesoft [/3brpb: Mova npu :rona
BblreKaer KailJItMI4' MoqeHcilycKaHHe Mo)Ker 6url 6o:resHeHHbIM
n, Moxer coxpaHrrbcr oqyu{eHue He noJ,rHoro
onopolKHeHr{r MoqeBofo ny3brpr.

LeMeHHbte rly3blpbKH nupa6arrtnalor ceMeHHyIo )KI,IAKocrb,

Koropat noMoraer cnepMaro3ol,{AaM Bbrx(HTb, B
ry6urellHoil AJI' HHX rucnoil cpeAe Eilaran r*rr\a, a raKlKe yc,nraBaer HX noABr{xirocrl. ceueHHar x(HllKocrb
cMerttuBaerct co cnepMaro3ol4AaMu n.ceoeo6pa:HoM pacrrrupeHlau
ceMrrBblHocqurero fiporoKa: ?Mlrpre, AaJree gra
cMecb o6oraulaerct coKoM npeAcrarenbHofi Nere:rl H
nocryrraer B MoqehcrrycrarelrHsrfr KaHaJI.

XeHcnue nolonrre opraHtt

r04
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5. llpngarrcn MarKn ':

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4. @H:uonorRq x(encx,fix nonoebrx oDraHoB. r , '' ' '

Fortuue noroerte ry6rl cocrotr I,r3 ToJicrbrx croraAoK Koxfl4. Koropbie nphKpbrBaror H 3arxnuraror ocraJrbHbre
crpyKTypbr
, ,

3a 6olruruux rionoBllMu ry6atru pacrlonararcrcr Mamre noroesre ry6sr. OHr.r coernH.rrrorcf cnepeAu, ,o6pasyx
saull4rultfr KonnaqoK AJI' KJlr4Topa, cKJraAor'rKaMH oxBarbrBar ero. Osn raK)Ke 3auluillaror orBepcrHe
MoqeucIIycKaTeJIbHofo KaHaIIa. llpocrpaucreo Me)r(Ay rroJioBblr\4H ry6avu c3aAH Ha3r,rBaeTcrr npenABepHeM
BJrafaJIH[Ia. llepe4 TeM KaK )K€HUIHHa-Haqr.{Haer xo,rrb noJroBofr xn:urro, 3To npocrpaHcrBo 6olrurefi LIacTb}o
3aKpbl'ro AeBcrBeHHoft rrqesofi (:rulreu). Cza4u ilpeAABepHfl MarLre noiroBbre ry6u coeguHfirorcs. olpasyx y3AeqKy
ncroBbrx ry6, roropal 3aqacryro pa3pbrBaercfl rrpH nepBbrx poAax.

.IleecreeHHqg nresa
. MOX(er 6rnl pasuofi ilo pa3Mepy, ruorHocrH n $op*re.
a BonpeAeneHHofi creleHu 3aIrIHIrIaer BHyrpeHHHe rroJroBbre opraubr or rrorraAaHu.r HHSeKrIuiz. B
6 BO BpeMt nepBor-o iroJroBofo aKta, KaK npaBI4IIo, neBcTBeHHaff nJleBa pa3pbiBaeTct c BblAeneHI4eM
ue6oluuoro KoJrl{qecrBa KpoBI4. OAuarco, y Heroropbrx xeHrrIHH, y Koropbrx nJreBa AocraroqHo 3JracrnqHafi H
nrorHat. oHa Moxer pa3pbrBarbcr roJrbKo npH [epBbrx ponax. trluorAa npn cluibHoM $usuvecxona
Hanprr)I(eHun, rIpI4 Heocropo)KHoM rny6orcona noAMbrBaHHu r4irvr uacryp6aqnpr MoNCer raK)r{e npon:ofirn
pa3pbrB rL[eBr,t.
AeBcrBeHHat'fureBa hMeer He6onr,u:rae orBepcrur, rrepe3 Koropble BbrAeJrrercfl MeHcrpyanbHar KpoBb tl
cJit{3i, npo4yqupyeMas ureftxofi uarru. OqeHr peqxor''ecrpeqaercr nreea 6es oreepcrlrfi H etrqsrqercrr 3Tor
$arr, rcor4a y AeBy[IKI4 npu' [epBbix: naeRcrpyaqnnx rcporis ne;esr4elrercs, a cKaffrnBaercfl B npocBere
BJlafuilp1qa, BbI3bIBarI 6ons, ouryulbHne rsxecTu, Moxer 6sms nonuuteHuelTeMileparypbr. B rarcort cnyqae
Heo6xoAulto o6parnrscr K rHHeKoJIory H oH cAeJlaer HaceqKH Ha nreBe Arrr orroKa MeHcrpyanbHoft xpoen.

K,qurop no cBoeMy crpoeHnlo HAeHTHqeH neHr,rcy roJrbKo B MlzHnarlope. OH sBrrrercr opfaHoM ceKcyanbnoro
nos6yxAeHltr. Ilpra eos4eficrnuu Ha Hefo, ero ry6varar rKaHb HanoJrHsercs KpoBbro H oH BbrnpflMrsercq, a y
x(enrrlr4Hbr Bo3HHKaer opra:u (nrrcuas:creneHh Cencyalrnoro no:6yxaeHrln). ' i '

Manbre , xcene3br, rlpeAnBeput pacnoJroxeHll HHN(g: Klnropa." Ont{''sr,rAeJrr{}or rqeroquylo )KrtAKocrE Koropafl
uefirpanu:yer o6slquo Kr.rcJtyro cpeAy BJraraJrHula, rrro rroMoraer erixurs c[epMaro3or4gaM n yrendunsaer
BepoflTHo cTb onnoAoTBopeHHs.

Eaoro;n.tHoerr xen€s* pacnorararorcq Ha AHe npegBepr{s BJrafaJru[ia. OHu BbrAenqror cJru3b :Bo: BpeMt
ceKcyanbHoro eos6yx4eHllt )I(eHIIIHHbI, KoTopar cJrynuT cua:nofi Als cno6oAHoro npoABr4xeHnq rreHHca Bo BpeMt
flonoBofo aKfa.

Braraluue
105
 MMtil (HAllI AOM,, QIA3IAO[O|I4[ qE/tOBEKA
:r,ri. npeAc-TaBIIgeT cOfOft KaHar, Wgy[naia H3 BynbSFjr:B MaTKy g.luHOfi or 7 cra 4o 9,cr,r. : r ,

. Hrpaer BalKHyro po_tb B no,roeoii x(H3HH H AeropolqeHuu.

r creHKH BJIafa-rlHIr-{a conpHKacarorcfi oAHa c 4pyrofi H l{Me}or MHo)KecrBo g1g1ailoK, r{To [o3Bojlger
eMy nefKo
pacurt4pfiTbcr Bo BpeMr noiroBofo aKTa H BO BpeM, poAoB.
3 nepel nepegHefr creHrcoil BJrlararll4ula npoxoAnT MoqeucfiycKareltntrfi KaHa.rr, a y uepxue]r qacru saAF{efi
CTeHKL{ - npfiMafl KHIIJKa. r^r , : .: . ., i
t no nor"IoBoro co3peBaHl,Is AeBOr{KlI I{ y )KeHrrIHH B Kr.rprMaKTepHqecKoM Bo3pacre, cpe.4a Bo
Bj-Iar-aJrHUIe
Iqeror{Har,aBAeTopoAHoMBo3pacre-cra6okHcraq.,,. :, :,
' creHKH BJlaftulHrqa xopouo cMa3aHbt cJIH3blo, Koropylo BblAenreT utefirca Mai^KH N 6aproluHoBbl )KeJIe3bt.
He6o:6ruoe KoJIHT{ecrBo nrt4eleunft-.1{3 BJraruulnrqa coBepueuHo:HopMilJtr,Hoe sBJr.eHHe
Nrfl r4oponoii }KeHultrHbr.
Komaqecreo H xapaKrep nsl4eleHufi Bapblrpyer B 3aBucuMocrrl or nepuoAa MeHcrpyaJrbHoro rrgKira (cru. pa-:gen
MeHcrpya,r sHtril qN rur).

' B rlpocBere BJIaTaJIHIIIa 3AopoBofr NeHuluHu )Kl4Ber onpeAeneHHoe KorgrrecTBo MHKpoopraHH3MoB He

Bbl3blBaroql4x :a6oresaHH.q. Maxcl4r,taJlbHoe KonnqecrBo h3 Hnx cocraBrrrlor naJIor{KIa
fio4eplefrHa. B cs.ss'
c 3TI{M B MeAI'{IIHHe cyqecrByer noHtrTHe (creneHb qHcrorr,r Brafaru[ra)>. 3ro noKa3are-rlb cocraBa
nannpo$riopbl BJTaTaJIHIIa u Harwkrfr I4JIH orcyrcrBur BocnrilareJrbHofo npouecca.
[ftr onpe4eJreHgr 3Tot!
[oKa3aTeJIt, B ycnoBH.{x IIOJMKJII'IHHKn AeJIaIOT MZI3OK I.I3 BnafaJ.IHUIa.
Ecrs 4 creneHll ql{crorbl Y genymem Ao Haalzrna no,rosofi )Ka3HH o6rr.{Ho flepBaq creneHb r{ucrorbi
BrraraJri4rqa. V
sgoponux xeHrq?IH BeAyuiHX aKTIzBHyro cencyanbnylo )(r{3Hb co 3AopoBbrru l,ryxvr.ruoft _
BTopa.g creneHb qncrorll Bnafa[Hlr{a. Tpersx crerteHb cBuAerenl}crByer o Hailrrrtr4vl 6o:ieruernopHrx
vt'rrcpo6on e He6orluoM Kottl4qecrBe H BocilaJII,rreJrLHoM npoqecce Bo BJraraJIHqe. r{ereeprar crerreHb
cBI'IAereJIbcrByer o pa3rape Bocnzlilr4TeJrhHoro npoqecca 14 o ueo6xo4uuocrH cpo.lHofo Jrer{eHnr.
t
'-, .: '
t {BJ]terct opraHoM, B KoropoM pa3BHBaercfl llnoA Ao HacryrineH]'It poAoB.
' pa3Mepbl: AtlHHHa MarKH y Hepox€BlUefr xeHqltuu 7-8 cu, Macca - 40-50 r, y poxanueii - coorBercrBeHHo
8-9 cna v 5C-70 r.
. cocror4T a3 TeJra (213 utuv:,;' u uaccu) n urefiKli, r{To npriAaer efi cxoxecrs c traleHtxofi rpyruefi.
c K ocHoBaHHIo reJla MarKI4 npl4Kpenntlorcfi ABe Sa:uonueert rpy6rt, Koropbre gocraBJlrror co3peBrxge
xfrqer.nerrn B MarKy.
c creHKa MarKpI, Ao HacryrlneHHr noJloBofi :pelocru .qeByIxKH H y )KeHulvHbr llocne HacryII;eHH.s KJTHMaKca,
cocroi.{r H3 AByx cnoeB: MbIIIIeqHofo I4 cepo3Horo. B reqeunn AeropoAHofo nepi,Io4a, rcaxgufr MectLI
pa3BHBaercs eqe OAHH - BiryrpeHFil{fr cloft - 3HAoMerpirfi, xoropufi B cnyqae Hacryn.ireHgr
$epenreHnocrn
o6ecnequnaer nJToAy npITaHI4e. Ec.nz He fipoa3oifino oiuroAorBopeHuq riiqexlemz. ro 3Tor clofi
orcilaHBaercs H BblxoAHT qepe3 BJlaranr4irie HappKy BMecre c MeHcrpyalHoff rcpotilo. Ha clegyrculufi
Mectq eror crofi cHoBa BoccraHaBJII4BSerc{:
' B MaJIoM Ta3y MarKa noA4epxil{Baercg MbIIIrqaMi,I Ta3oBoro EHa, a raKxe cBrr3KaMpr I,I KpoBeHocHLIMH
cocyAaMH.
c Bo BpeMq 6epeueHHocrl,I MarKa yBenurltiBaercs rax, qro n 38 HeAeJre Aocr!{raer Hlr}r(Hero'rpar rpy4Hoft
I{JIerKH' a cnycrs 2 ueAelu nocJre poAoB ee y}fie He Bo3Mo)r(Ho nport1ynarr n 6pnruHofi nolocru
fiprqercq :a:ro6Kosoft Kocrbro, KaK h Ao 6epeueHuocru.
- oHa
c pa3Mep MarKH H Bce ee QyHnquoHajlbHble npeo6pa:oeaHhr KoHTpoJlt4pylorcr rroJtoBbrMn
ropMoHaMr4,
BbIAeJrfieMbIMH -tIlIqHHKaMH' a rarcfie rcpMoHaMH ranoSu:a H npocTarnaHAHHaMI,r,
Ko-ropbre BbrAenflror TKaHI,r
camoft MarKrz.
:: :

Llleiircauarxu :ii ,'-i: ,.

npeAcraBnrer co6ofi noporeulxraii naual, noroprtft oAHHM KoHrroM orKpbreaercr, e'ivrarxy, a
Apyn4M Bo
BJlafaIHule. ' . , :j_i :,.,: ,. ,

' cJII{3Hcrar o6oro'Irca ruefixu Bbrlglrer 3auHTHbIe aHTWTefi4}'i4 c5u:trB npocBer BJraraJIuuIa r4 TeM caMbIM
cJryns,IT 3auIHTHbrM 6aprepona Alr cauoii MarKH. :i' :: : ;.:
'I :: r' l'
'
qrarTronI4eBLl rov0tr
I cso6oAHstfi roHeu xaNgofi ipvO"t uMeer BopcuHqarble Kpaq-, fto:roptrMr4 xarc, 6rr oKyrltrBaer noBepxHocrr,
NurrHr4Ka, Ho cpa[IeHHt MO)KI[/ HI,IMH Her. KorAa co3peBlrlas gfiqexler:na noKHAAer'rI4r{HHK,iiTo
3TH Bopct4HKr4,
ABr,rrarcb no HarrpaBJreHuro K npocBery rpy6u 3afoHrrlor ee BHyrpb.
106
 : MM III (I-lAlII,AO Mo O I43 I4 OJI 0 rl4fl Ii Etl o B E KA
. trJr-tr,rHa rcaNloil rpy6u 10-12 cv, a IHaMerp yBejlprriHBaerctl or M:aroqHoro KoHqa rpy6sl rc ceo6olF{olvy KoHrIy
coorBercrBeHHo or 2-3 rala ao 0,5-l c;t't' :,

-flltqHurcI4 , .

. 3To )KeJre3br, Koropble BbrAertlor noroBEIe rcpMoHbI H npolyutrpylor 3penble sfiqex-nerrcni l

. 3To napHstfi opran

. rHr{HHKH pacnoJlox(eHu 6ltt:l KoHuoB dlalnonuenlix rpy6'
c , B6rur.rr4rr KaK ABa cepo:po3oBbrx MHHAaJIeBprAHbrx o6pa:oeanlll, 3 cv B AJILIHHy n 1 cu B IxHpI4Hy xaxAltfi.
. oHH Br,rJlrrArr 6yrpucrbrMpr 3a cqer 6onruroro KoJrnqecrea qfiqerreroK, Koropble rex(ar 6nxsKo K ero
noBepxHocrH H HaXoA{TCt,Ha pa3HbIX CTAAVflX pa3BHTl{t' .

. ueHTpeJrbHafl qacrb rrHr{HHKa cocror{T u3 3JracruqHoit eoitoKnl,Icroil rxaHu, Koropas cnyxfl4T onopoil ,[^rr
coAepx€itte fi Sol:rnrcyl61 sHsr rtHeft o6oloqxn.
. :Tr,rcf,aru Kpo'rrer{Hbrx He3peJrbrx Nfiqercrerox Sopnaupyrorcs y AeBoqKI{r eule Bo B}ryrpryrpo6HoM nepl{oAe ee

)Io{3H!{, 14 ToJtbKo c HacryrueHldeM noJioBoil :pelocru, raxrstfi Mecgu,, co3peBaer Ia BblxoAl4T 143 fl'LTqHnKa
oAHa xftueKqelna-
. MoMeHT Br,ixo.qa u: $o:rilurcyna spelofi gfiqex.:rernn Ha3blBaercq onylrquefi.
o BbrilreAlrl afl v3 flTTlfiuna xfiqesrerKa )Klz3Hec[oco6Ha orcor'to 12-24 \acos.
. exeMectr{Ho co3peBaer roJIbKo o4ua rfiuexlerKa B oAHoM H3 flHttHI4KoB, Ho hHorAa Mofyr o.4HoBpeMeHHo
co3perb HecKoJlbKo s iluexlerox

5. Mencrrrva,ruuLlii quxn '

qurura. Bo-
KaxAofr )r(eHIqHHe neo6xogunao roHHMarb, r{To npoHcxoAHT B ee opraHH3Me Bo BpeMfl NleHcTpya-rlbsoro
rrepBr,rx, :ro neo6xoAr4Mo npy HcrroJrb3oBaHlilr ilpnpoAHoro MeroAa nnaHupoBaHux ceMba. Bo-rrop;tx,
vro6si
.JreAurb 3a cBoHM 3AopoBbeM H 3aMearalb Hacropaxl4Baloulr4e npH3HaKn, Koropllte AaAyr Bo3l\'loxHocrr,
ug6exaG
cepbe3Hblx ocnoNseHuft, a ra6)Ke, .rro6tr ilpaBprnbHc o6r,scsu-rt no,4pacralotunM AeByIrIKaM, KaKi{e npeo6pa:oaaHux
6yayr npoucxoAl4Tb B Hx reJle.

V geeyurrut, Koropar Aocri4fna nonoBo3penoro Bo3pacra (i1-i5ler) ilor{Brrlrorc.fl neplloAl'{qecKi4e KpoBorer]eHl4s I{3
BJraraJrHU-\a - MeHcrpyaqnra (no:pacr HacrynneHat nepBoii ruaeucrpyaunn - rvrsHapxe)'
C :roro Bo3pacra i{ Ao
HacryruieHlrfi KJrprMaKTepr4qecKoro nepr{oAa (nocre 45 ner a cpegHev) raxrstfi Mectu B ee opraHu:r'le 6yigyr
npoI4cxoALITL Il!{xr-rl{qecKl,re I,I3MeHeHu-s. 3ru vI3MeHeHtItt KoHTponupylor ropMoHbl rnno$n:a 14 sHllHHKoB.
3a 4-5 ner Ao MeHapxe rgnoraJraMyc npuKa3lrBaer rupq$uey attpa6arblBarr ropl\4oH pocra, orBercrBeHHstfr sa
BHe3atrHoe ycKopeHge pocra, AeBor{Krz. llun :roro ycKopeHldt AocTl.{raercx 3a ABa foAa Ao MeHapxe,
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3erienrte JIHcroBbIe oBouIH, o6erxapennoe MoJroKo, o6oraqeHHue KurnLqneM coeBbre npogyo"i (cuorpr,r
Ha
ynarcoene), MI'IHAzulb, KyHxryr, 6o6onlte, I4H)KHp, ToOy 6oraru KiurbqneM.
flpenapagr Ka-ilbuHr He
peKoMeHAyIorcn 6epeueuHbtM, TaK KaK oHH yrHeralor ycBoeHue I(eJre3a H MoryT
rrpoBorllapoBarb 3arropbr HJrH
npoHocbI.
t Bpmaunn B 12. Ecnu 4o 6epelteHHocrl4 y )KeHriIHHbr BbrrrBJIeH HeAocraroK BHTaM!{Ha Bl2, ro Bo BpeMt
6epeueuHocru, eh Heo6xo4unao 6y4er ynorpe6rirrr AonornaTeJnuo 2 MKf 3Tofo BHTaMnHa B
AeHb.
I,Icto.rHr4xaN4H 3Toro BrrraMHHa MoryT crarr o6oralueHHbre npolD/r<rbr nHTaHHs (cuorpu ua :rzxe-rrce) u:rlr
ameqHbre npe[aDarbr enra[araHa B I 2.
o fiocraroqHo I{HHKa. I'IcroqHunn qI{HKa: 6o6oerte, r{eJrbHbre 3epHoBbre, ceMeHa rr,rKBbr. B sgle nlaqeerx
4o6aeox nn14 MeAr4ur4HcKHX npenaparoB He peKoMeHAyercr.
o Xelego. BererapuancKaq Auera '6orara
BHTaMHHoM C; xotoprrft tycluuluaer
scacrlear1yq,, x(ejre3a r43
npo,nyKToB nura{t4s' XeuquHlt, ynorpe6lxrolque L{enbHbre 3epHoBbre, 6o6onue, cyxoSpyrcr-sr,
3ereHbte
tlHcroBble oBolqu H csexHe $pyxrrrrftoryt He 6ecnorol,rrbcr o AocraroqHocru B r.{x opiu"r#"
*an"ru -
''Aocraro'iHo. Cpe4u e6alancltpoeaHHo nuraloulr4xcfl Bererapr4aHrreB,' xene:o4e$raqarsbr, , auelagi ".o
,Bcrpeala€Tcfl He'r{aqe; udu cpe4u'He'riereraplaaHqen. : ' ..

Henoroplte .6.gpenaeHuue crpaAaar or rz3xoru, 3anopoB,

': lo3ToMy cneAyer yqecrb srrz oco6eHHocru npu
ert6ope npo4yki;oE nvrcaaun. He niarosaxHo nuTarbcn no peiruMy - B oAHo i,r ro xce BpeMr, He uairle 3* pui
AeHs' 3ro'noitloxer uel:neperpy)rarr nurrleBapr,rrenriHsre oirraHi, **.pr lr Har{Her 'fropno"pouuts pqxrary y"
pe6esrca.

r10
 . MMlll (HAliI AOM, OI43l40/lOTVIfr' r{EIOBEKA
. V sexoropbrx,)KeHqlrH, oco6euHo B nepBrre Mecqu;r 6epeveHHocrr, Bo3HHKarcT onpeleneHHble npucrpacri4fi
v aHTunar:ar e eAe. Ecilra .<:rn6nvlte>) B 3To BpeMfl [poAyKTbl He BpeAtr opraHn3My Marepu Hnu nroAa H
€cru4 TaKafl Anera He rnnrcfl c.ilnrlrKoM AoJllo, To He crour o6 srola 6ecnoKor4Tbct. Kar npaelriro. TaKhe
(Kanprr3br)) npoxoAflT Ko BTopoMy rptrMecrpy 6epeneHHocru, Ho Ha Bcetvt npor{)KeHna 6epenaeuHocrn }r,v)KHo
noM Hr4Tb o neo6xo.qana o crn c6alanc Hpo BaH Ho ro,,qo craroq Hofo IIkraHI4t.

Ho6op seca 6epeNaeHHofi xeHuraHofi.

He crour nepeeAarb, TaK KaK 3To npoBour4pyer o)ni4peHue KaK Marepu raK H pe6eura. Hs6rrroqHrtfi eec
HoBopoxreHHoro rroBbrruaer pr4cK poroBlrx rpaBM, caxapHorro Aua1era nepBoro run4 cHH)KeHHq aKrHBHocrH
HMMyHHTeTa H Ap.
Iyqule scero opi,rel{rupoearrcq no I4MT (: xr/M2).
. I,IMT HasKfifi (< 19,8) - peKoMeHllyevufi ua6op neca :a ncrc 6epeueHHocrs 1 1,5-16 rcr
. I4MT Hopna-rrHsrfi ( 19,8-26) - 12,5 xr
. I4MT errcoxlafi (>26-29) - 7-11,5 rr
B cpenuev

EEM
|;;FE_;I
MT naeurure 19,8 lt,oll L llL,tI
MT or 19,8 to 26,0 mmm
MT 6onrue 26 @@il
Bcero :a 6epeneHuocrb B cpe.qHeM, 3AopoBafl xeHrlr{Ha B HopMe ua6upaer 7-16 nn
HexoHrpo-nnpyemsrfi Ha6op neca Bo BpeMr 6epeivreuuocru qacro qpeBar pa3BHTileM npe3rcryaMilcuH. runeproHnu
6epenaeHurx, pa3BI,ITHeM TpaBM )KeHUIr,rHL,r u pe6eura B poAax, noBbrllreHfieM pi4cKa pz3aurr4fl, AereHeparuBHbrx
:a6oresaHrzil pedeHxa eo s:poc:roii x(H3Hr.{, ecirn oH poAr{;rcfl c BecoM cBlrue 4,5 xr. Kar tre crpaHHo, rio y raKHX
)KeHUIr,rH rracTo p oxAarcTcs MULTO Be cHbre neTH.

Baxso ,4nx 6epeueHuoft xeuuIHHLr perynqpHo rynsrb ria cBex(eM Bo3Ayxe, BbrnoJrHtrb nocr{tfbHr,re $r.l:nveci<lre
y|Ipa}tHeHllq, a TaKr(e [onyr{aTl coIHer{HLIe BaHHLI. Corge.{Hrtft cser o6ecne.rrar $OpmnpoBaHhe B opfaHl{3i!{e
)KeHuIfiHbI 3anaca BuraMI4Ha ,{, neo6xo.4l4Mofo, KaK ,Ent Hee raK v Wg ee MaJIbIIrIa. On,ynpenuT i4NIlvryHHTer H
noMolKer coxpaHuTr, Kocru MaMEr or ocreonopo3a, a rarcKe yclzJri.{T orJioxeH}Ie KanbIIHg e ltocHofr encreMe pe6eHra.
He cronr [epefp€Barbcx o6naxarrcq Ha coJiHqe. locrarouHo nprMoro nolraAaHr4fl co-irHeqHbrx
Lrlrr4.rroJrHocrr,]o
ny'refi Ha nr{uo 14 pyKr4 B TeqeHHH 20-30 nauuyl uro6rr noryr{HTb BlTraMaH I ueo6xogranarrri na Aeur. Bo BpeMr cHa
)KeHrqHHbr, HyxHo ranNe,o6ecnequrb Aocryn cBe)Kero Bo3Ayxa, roroprtil o6orarnr KpoBr, KncnopoAoM. Eepeveuuofi
)KeHrr{HHe HeJrb3fl llepeyroMntrbcfi I4 crouT Ha nporflx(eHl,Ir{ AH-n (no Heo6xo4nuocru) orlbrxarb jre)Ka.
flpo4onxrreJrLHocrb,HorrHoro cHa Aon)KHa 6rnr se MeHsrrre 7-8 qacoe.

K 20-fi HeAeJre rpyAb foroBa K KopMneHuro. Y HeKoropbrx x(euu{r4H }r3 cocKoB HaquHaer BbrAenrrcs )K€;Tra; iKHAKocrb
- MOJIO3I4BO.
B reqeHne BToporo rpr4Mecrpa 6epeueuuoclu Marb flolryBcrByer, uro pe6eHorc [IeBeJrHTcr r,r oco6egno arcruBHo.
KerAa oHa3acblnaer. Y nepnopognrlll4x-3To KaK npaBuno 2A-22-n HeAeJrr, y noBTopHopo,{rqax- 16-1 8-s seAers.

K rperrenly rpuMecrpy rlnoA y)Ke lqocraroqHo 6orsurofi H MHofHM xeHrrr,HHaM craHoBarcr rsxe:ro xoAHTb nprtlro,
no3ToMy oHH npl4 xoAr6e oHI4 orKHAbIBarcTcs Ha3aA, qro Moxer npoBolrnpoBarr 6olr B crIHHe. XHorAa MoryT
HabnrcAarscr JIefKI,Ie be:6oresHeuHble coKpalqeHus MarKr.r, Ho 3To HopManbHoe sBJreHlre.

K coponoeoft ueAene op.faHH3M )KeHUIizHbr roroB K poAaM. Hecumsue HepefynxpHue 6o:regneHHbre coKparqeHuq
MATKH, BbIXOA OKOJIOruIOAHI}IX BOA I43 BJIATAJII4UIA, UC6OITUITE KPOBSHHCTbIC BbIACJICHI{fl _ BCC 3TO NCPBbIC NPI,I3HAKH
HaqaJIa poAoB. KorAa cxsarrcoo6pa:Hue 6oln BHI,I3y cnHHLr 14 N(hBora craHoBrrcr perynfipHbrMu, Mo)KHo.roBopnTb,
r{TOpOALIHaqaJII,ICb.,. , i
B npoqecce pogos pa:rnqator 3 nepuoAa: nepsuii, KorAa pacunprercr urefna MarKu2 eropofi - n3rHaHzfl nJro;a
(:noryxuoil), rorAa Marb cBoHM HaryxuBaHI4eM Bo BpeMr cHJrbHbrx cxBarox noMoraer pe6eHry npoftrn no poAoBbrM

111
 M M'III' (
HAIII A o Mj)i @ 14 3fi OiI 0 I'i4.H r{ E /t,o B E KA
*
nyrqM, rperni;i nociter:IoBr,rr'i, rorla noc.qe poxqeHux pe6eHKa,
orleJ,.rrerc, or creHoK MarKH ia ,etrio4ur Hapyxy
nraueHTa c nynonuHol.
flpo4olNureJlbHocrb poAoB y flepBopoAtulux xeHilrHH cocraBrrrer
i 8-20 qacoB, a y-noBTopHopoAru]Hx - g- 1 0 vacoe,
HO BO3MOXHLT t4 L4HELLB!4 ryanbHbre xole6asnx
3Tr4X napaMerpoB. : .i .. .,. .

V 3% >rceHuti'til Hauefi flilaHerbl porbl nporexaror 6e:6ore3HeHHo, a y 400/oc

Mt4HhMaJrbr-rofi 6o,rurc. Orveveuo, uro
3TH )I(eHqI'IHLI ro oepeueHuocTu neln'o'teHb aKTHBHsrfr
o6pa:')Icl,t3HH c 4ocraro,*ibft
xeuquurt yMcrBeHHofo rpyAa, 6e: Aocraro'rHux $u:il.tecrcofi uarpy:rcot1.
$u:u.iecKax nurpyao* 6o;re:ueHHee [epeHocrr po4onoI npoqecc.
conpeiueuHa'a MeIII4ITHHa coBeryer orl{y npHcyrcrBoBarb
npH poxreHr,rrz cBoHX, 4erefr, 3To rBrsercr naopa-nrHofi
noggepxxofi An.r Marepn H ycr4rnBaer 3MounoHaqbnyrc npr4Br3aHHocrL
Mex[y oruoM u pedeHxona.

Tema: ConpenaeHur,re MeroAr,r KoHTparlenun E

Bneaeuue:
Uelr cexcyalsHocrn:
. BocnpoN3BeAeHHe
r Ettr l:28 - rrJroAu.recb u pa:uHoxafirecr
. llc 126:3 -Aerw - Hacneqne or focnona
" V4orolrcrBne la BoccoenuHeHne
n Erx,r 9:9 - HaclaxAailcq xpr:irlrc c )KeHorc
1 Kop 7:3-5 - ne ynronrft.recb lpyf or
" Apyra

b14:

' llpoclae wcs t114 Eor vepe: yBenHqeHr4e KoJifiarecrBa r{reHoB cer,r6r4 (XA
1 6 I , 1 66)

" 3goposleMarepl'iHnl'iroro.xro6y4eryxax(r4Barb:ape6eHrona
{3 I4n2:l , lKop6:
--r lg,q)ln 2:4,Es5:25,xfl
t62_3)
. 3perocrr pogure,reil (Brop 6:6-g, ES 6:4. XA 162, 164)
. Hy>rq4sr 4erefr- SuHaHcosrre Bo3MoxHocr w (l Tvuu5:g, X{ l62, 165)
' couaa-nsHbre r4 noJrrarur{ecK,e ycJroBa.{ np, poxqeHni.r pe6eHra (M$ 2a:19)
<fipeNge qeM yBenl4r{MBarb cBolo eeMl'to, oHu (pogurenn)
Ao:rxuu iloAyMarb o roM, 6y6er nu 6or npocraa rre1 vJlH
o6ecueiqert.,ec,rIHoH!ipoA{T4erefie:roruup>.X{c.i6l
<<Tena' irro He cnoco6es nosa6ornrc.s o csoeft ceMbe, Iie cneAyer
r{Merb gerefr>. Xn c 165

He:ano4nre Aerefi Ao 20 :rer' ctteprHocu gereii poxqeHHbrx Marep{M,-no4pocrKaM'

B ABa pa3a Bbrirre no
cpaBHeHHro c poxAeHHbrM14 XeHrIIr.{HaMH n0cJre
IBaAuaTH JIeT.
fiepepsre Me)Ke/ poAaMH AonxeH 6urr ue MeHbrue 2x,rer.
He :aeoAl'Ire 6ollure 4x 4erefi. v xeHrqnu, porHBuIHX 6orrure r{erbrpex gereft,
pa3Buraerc, cHHApoM
r4crorrleHur Marepr4 - 6ucrpoe nocrapeHne xeHrriuHbr.
He NsrareilbHo po)xarb Aereft noc:re 40 :rer. fiocne 30lr
aer Har{HHaercr nocrenenHoe. crapeHue opfan'3Ma
I'I Bo3Mox(Hocrb Myralrplft eo ecex KJIerKax opraHn3Ma, ie e rfiqexlerKax.
B ToM qHcJIe, so:pacraer. r{eu
crapnie x(eHirIHHa, TeM BbIIIle pHcK poxAeHur pe6eHna c orruIoHeHnauu.
Bo:pacr orqa npaKTHrIecKH He
BJrt{rer Ha ero reHernqecKufi naarepna-n.
r{acrora II0'II0B6IX csoruennfr BJIHfler
Ha MoMeHT olrloAorBopeHut. Cnepivrarosor4Abr: .cnoco6Hbr K
oIInoAorBopeHHIo oKoJIo 2-3 cyror, a xftqerulerra
AerpaAapyer qepe3 24 \aea H y)r(e uepe: 28 qacoB He
cnoco6ua K oruIoAorBopeHtrlo. rlo:rorrly, ec,rrlr cnepMa nonaAaer
B. xeHcKlre. noroB6le opfaHbr, KorAa
noAXoAHT K KoHqy )KH3ileAeqrenbHocrb rftr1ex-nerxu,
To Bo3Mo)KHo ollJroAorBopeHke, Ho nJroA Moxer
c -HeKoropblIt'tu ge$errauu. o4Ho H3 r{err'rpex onnoAorBopeuufi npoucxoAut
l:*'lt"(COCTaplIJIaCb)), eCJIH nepepbrBbl
yx(e
xor4a xfrqerurerrca
MeX(4y nOJIOB5IMI,I CHOIUeHI,IqMH npeB6lrxarcr'4 gnx.

111
 M MIII' ( HA III A o M o
[. CoepeMeuHLle Meroar,r KonrDauelrurlu.
e vr3'{Ao Jlof 14 f r{ E /Io B E KA

KOrr IIpe3epBaTHB.
?Isroraer,eaercfl t43,TareKca I4In4 BrlHHIra- Hercoropile npo,3Borr4Terrr4 Ha
noBepxHocr6 npe3epBar'Ba HaHocrr
rrro yBerlzt{plBaer KoHrpaqenrneHrrft.e$Serr,l. MyNviaua oAeBaer
T:lT:ilf:i, npe3epBaruB nepeA nonoBbrM aKroM.
rlpu KaxAoM norroBoM aKTe FryxeH Hoesril npq3epBaruB,
MexaHn:Nl Aeficrsus:
,. . llpe4ornparqaer nonalaHlre cnepMbr B )KeHcKr,re norotbre nyrll

I [peHnayutecrea:

' llpe4ornpatrlaer pacnpocrpaHeHue nusercqrafi (or 6arrepr,r it, a or BHpycoB Her) nepegaloqgxc, .oJroBbrM
[yTeM
r ilpamu'recKl'I Her no6oqurx :$$erron. oAnaxo, rHHeKoJ'Iofpr pI oHKoJroru
cqmalo! r{To npe3epBaruB,
rlpeAorBpalqan nona4aHl1.e MyxcKHX noJIoBbIx l-opMoHoB s xeHcrcnfi
opraHH3l\{, yBenHr{HBaer pI4cK pa3Bur.r4g
paKa rpyAH 14 paKa MarKH' Myxcitue IIoJIoBbIe ropMoHll,
ro l,rx MHeHlrro, 6anaucnpyror x(eHcKHe noJroBbre
fopMoHLI H 3To npelynpexqaeT pa3BktTrre 3THX 3cTporeH3aBI4cLIMbtx
orryxo:refi. I4uorga naoryr 6urr
tulnepfl'IqecKlze peaKIII'II4 HJII'I MeCTHOe pa3Apax(eHr4e rrpH tl]F.AUB:,1.WAnsnofi
HenepeHocl,livrocrH KoMnoHerrroB
BXOATTTIHX B COCTaB I]pe3epBaTHBa.
Herocrarxll:
" He Aaer 100% xourpaueflufik' Ha6rrc4aercs 2-12 6epeueuuocrh Ha 100 NeHuruH- naprHepbl Koropblx
nolb3o BZLJTHCb npe3epBaTHBOM.
o Henoropble My)Kt{I'IHbt x(uuylorcq, Ha ro, qro npe3epBar,B yMeHruaer ceKcy€rrrbHLre oulyureHr4fl Bo BpeM{
noJIOBOfo aKTa.

2) lllee.ruaq qnaSparnaa (=rueexnsrfi rco.nnaxox)

flpoa:eoqnrct u3 Toro xe Marep,ana, qro H npe3epBarl4Bu. Henuropbre npor.I3Bogkrejr,
Ha rroBepxHocTb KoJrnaqKa
HaHocflT cnepMHt-lHAbl, t{To yBeJIHtll4BaeT KoHTpaqeIITHeFIttfr
s$$ercr. Paiuep no46npaercr rHHeKoJtofoM naxloii
)KeHIIIHHe HHAHBI'IryaJIbHo npH BarutHarbHoM ocMorpe.
XeHulnHa oAeBaer KornaqoK Ha HelrKy MaTKU nepeA
TIOJIOBbIM AKTOM.
MexaHH:nr AeftcraHs:
e llpe4ornparqaer nona4aHne cnepMbr B Marr(y
flpeuvyulecrna:
' Her no6oqHlx e$$ercros npu co6nro4 elnn npaBur rnqrrofi rr4fueHbr.
flpn ue co6rrogeunu qncrorbl Mo)KHo
3aHecrr,I B no:roBbie rryrn nH$exqraro.
HeAocrarxy:
. 6-18 6epenreunocrefi sa 100 Nenulnu
Hey4o6creo B HcrroJrb3oBaHu H
r lloslrxlaerc.s pprcK r,rH$raqupoeaHn, MorreBbrBo.q.flulr4x nyreft
r Hels:x H3BJreKarL 6 qacoe nocJre noJroBoro aKTa
. Henr:s npHMeHrrb xeHUIuHaM nocJre poAoB

: . C,UH4pOVr TOKCr4qecKOrO[IoKa B ilpOlIUIOM . ,

e llon'ropHsleau$erqnrrMoqenbreoArull4xny.reft

3) Konrpaqenrr{Brraff ry6rca.
MexaH,rrec*oe RpensrcrBrre nonaAaH'ro cnepMLr
!|gxpggsM arrgrEgg: B Marr(y.
Ilporueonoxa3aHrzs:
Helr3x npr{MeHrrb poxaBurr.lM }(eHU{raHaM
t:i
, 4) Cnepmuqngr,l :

cnepu nqn4aMH Ha:'sarcircr BeulecrBa, cnoco6 uue pa3py urarb

cnepMaro3o HAbr.
3ddercrneHocrr 94%.
(DopMu erm.vcxa:
L BaruHalrHue cBeqpl

113
 MMru (HAtii AOM> QI/,j.nOJlOfl4ff I{EIOBEKA
2. Baruirani,HueKpeMbr
3. Baruuanrsrre ra6,rerrcu
4. BarnHa.;rsHlre a3po3onn
flpenapar BBoAHTcT Bo BraranHule sa I 5 MfiHyr Ao noroBcro aKTa.
!!! flepea Hcnor'tb3oBaHl4eM He AonycrnMo noAMr,rBaHHe c MbIrIoM, TaK KaK vu,ro ueftrpa-Trrl3ygr 4eftcrur.re [penapara.
llepe4 KaxIbrM noroBblM arrov rpe6yercr HoBar nopuxr npenapafa.
MexaHilsM leficrsLrs:
L Pa:pyrueHue ueiu6paHrr cnepMaro3or4AoB
2. 3axucrreHue .p.4"i BnaranHUla
3. MexaHnqecxoe trpennrcrBHe npo.u.Br4xeHlrrc cnepMaro3oHtroB
l
IIpe Hnayure crsa : flpo cr B npprMeHeHprr.t
HeAocrarxn:
1) 3-21 6epeueHHocrb Ha 100 xeHr{r,rH
2) 3S$exrraauocrr, 3aBHcHT or npaBnnbHocrn r4cnoJrb3oBaHtrt
3) fieftcrnne 1r;rnrcn l-2 qaca :

flo6oqnrre gQ$eKrsi: :

r ftEuerco;roril orMeqalor. r{To y IIap Hcnonb3oBaBruHX cnepMHuHAbr. qarue pox.qarcTcs AeBortKtr qeM MarbqHKfi
r Moxer 6rtrr,'a,r,reprur{ecKas peaKl{Hfl I4JIH pa3Apax(eHple cJ'rH3ucroil o6o:roqxn Brararuula nppr noBbnueHuofi
rlyBcTBLITeJlb HO CTpt K KOM nOHeHTaM npe flap aTa.

?. foD.MoHafl uusle xourpaqenrusrr

fop,"roHrninu-xoHrpauemuBbr ; 3To np€naparbr, Koropble B cBoeM cocraBe HMelor noJ.roBbre ropMoHbr xeHul,Hbr:
3CTpOfeHbr n npofecTepoH TotbKo nporccTepoH.
t4J1r4

1) KOK - xona6nnoxpoBaHrrbre opaJrr,rrbre KoHTpaq€nrr{Bbl.

3ro npenaparll, B cocraB Koropbrx BXoArrr scrporeHLr r4 ilporecrepoFi ?r npnHaMalorcg Ha ilporgxenuu 3x HeAenr,.
flocle sroro 7 AHefi xeHuIHHa He nprrMeHqer npenapar 14 sareM cHoBa 3 se.qeln ylorpe6:rxer ropnnoHa,rrHsrfi
KoHTpauenrHB !1 T.A. Croso (oparbHbre) o3Har{aer, qro oHH ynorpe6lxnrcfl r{epe3 por ( or JrarnHcKoro os, oris -
por).
Orc:rceune 3HAoMerpLiJr 14 MeHcrpyanbHoe KpoBoreqeHue HaquHaerct Ha I ft-3 ft aenu fiocJie BbrBeAeHHr ]t3
opraHl43Ma KOK u, KaK rrpaBuno, ilpoAorr)Kaercs,3-4 iltts..

36$eKrus Fro crr 99,9oA.

MexaHHsN{ aeftcreax:
6 IIo.[aBneHUeoBynrur4u
. CryuleHr.le ureequoft clu:u
c I4sN4eL{eHHe 3H,EoMerpnfi, r{To yMeHbnaer BeporrHocr[, HMn-rraHTallrut
floxa:aHus:
' l4n KoHTpauenul,vy Bcex)r(eHulrH, KpoMe KopMnrur4x fpyAblo
i, B xaqecrne neKapcrB Arq BoccraHoBJreHrur HopMzrJrbHoro MeHcrpyaJrbHofo urrKJra npn ero HapyrneHnu,
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BbrrreofitrcaHHblx MeroAoB KoHTparlenqau.'B 3Tor npoMe)KyroK BpeMeHH y)Ke BKlrorIeHbI I,I AononnldrenLHble AHH c
yqeroM Toro, qro crrepMaro3ouAbi coxpaH.flrcr cnoco6riocrb K onnoAorBopeul{ro B rloJloBbtx opfaHax xeriuluHtl ro 3x
cyroK.
B c,ryvae, xoroptrfi Mbt c BaMH pa:6upaev, lHH Ao BocbMoro IHt MeHcrpyzutbHoro unKra cqnTalorcg .YclonHo
6e:onacnuvpr. TaK KaK B 3Tor nepuog cyulecrByer MHHHMiLqbHax Bo3MoxHocrb oByntuuw. fluu c 19 tt ilo Haqa,Ta
c:reAyrcu{efi MeHcrpyaqr4u gBJrrrrorcf, TeoperuqecKrr a6colrcruo 6e:onacHrtn,lu, TaK KaK oBynflunt y}Ke npou3o:uJnau
qilUexnerra noru6la. He cyulecreyer sropoft oBynrllr4t4 3a o.qfiH H Tor )Ke rrtencrpyalrsstfi Uurc-n, [o3ToMy no:IoBble
aKTr,r B rror a6co,.rroruo 6e:onacHstfi nepno4 He MoryT npuBecru K 3aqarhro.

Meron Nq2.
. Ec-irfi sau MHHHMaJrbHttfi ueHcrpyalr,Hrtfi qHKJr 3a nocneAsuit roA He MeHLrue 26 nueh, ro <6esonacHblMl4>>
crlHTarorcrr [epBbre 6 aueit qunrra.
Ecnn trnunualtuttfr UHrcq 25 Aueft n MeHbule, ro 6egonacHblMn Mo)KHo cqnTarb nepBbte 5 luefi l{nKra.
OAHarco ecnfi npH3HaKH BtraKHocru npe.qgBepl,rfl, r.nalanvu\a r4nw clr3l n-rioAHofo runa notBl{Iacb paHLrre,
To c AHt norBJreHhr 3'fr4x npr43HaKoB Hacrynaer (onacHblfr> neplao4,.
o XeuuluHbr, y Koropbrx rruKn cocraBJrrer 22 arlg rrJrH MeHb[re, Aolxffibr orKa3arbct or HcrIoJIb3oBaHut 3Tofo
MeTOIa Ha BeCr, yCnOBHO 6e:OnaCUStii nepuoA.

!ll 3$SerrraBHocrb KaJteHAapHoro MeroAa 3HaqHTenbHo Bo3pacrae! ecJu4 IacnoJrb3osarb ero napaJlnenbHo c t\4eroAoM
r43MepeHr4r 6a:alrHoft TeMneparypbr u MeroAoM l,rccneAoBaHl,lr uleer{Hofi cru:u. fiaa noc;legHnx Mero.qa Aa]or
Bo3MoxHocrr 6onee rlqHo onpeAenl4Tl <6egonacnrre)) H (onacHbte)) AHI4.
l!!'XeHrqnHaM, Koropbre ronbKo Haqr4Halor noJrb3oBarbcs MeroAaMfi nptrpoAHofo raaHHpoBaHHq L{ eil{e He ocBohJtn
r{x, rrapaJrJreJrLHo c HHMn croHT Hcnorb3oBarb oAr{H lr: 6aprepuslx MeroAoB KoHTpar-Ienuuh.

2) Meroq u:Mepenufl 6a3arbn0fi

3ddemneHocrr 88%.
fIoA eosAeficrBneM ilporecrepoHa, nocre oB),JrlUH!{ noBbnuaercri reMneparypa reJla 14 yAeplrnBae'rcs ua 6olee
BbrcoroM ypoBHe, qeM Ao oByJrqrIHH. Hara6o:ree rorrHo o6 srov noAT,eMe Mo)KHo cyAI{Tb, H3Mepflfi TeM[eparypy B
npruoft KI,rIuKe, Bo BJraraJrnule prnu noA rr3brKoM - 3To H Ha3biBaercg I,r3MepeHHeM 6a:a":trHoft TeMilepa:Typrt. llpaueu
caMbtM ToqHLIM tBJlterct I,I3MepeHI4e reMrleparypbl Bo BJIafzLnrIUle, MeHee rorlHbtM B npfiMola KHrrIKe H HardMeHee
TortHbtM - noA r3btKou,t. CnuxeHue reMneparypbr npoficxoAnT HenocpeAcrBeHHo nepeA HacrynneHlleM cneAyrcuhx
MCC'qHbIX.

Bo epeur MeHcrpyaqul.r 6a:a,rsHar reMneparypa BcerAa noBLItrIeHHax (usture 37.0"C). B nepnoft Qa:e quxla
(SonnunynrpHoii) go oBynfiqhn rervrneparypa HeBbtcoKafl, oHa cocraBnqer 37.0 -3 7 .5"C.
flepe4 ony,'rxr1uefi reMfleparypa cHuxaercrr, a cpa3y nocne oBy.qfluuu rloB],nuaerct Ha 0,2 - 0.5"C (ao37.6 - 38.6"C).
flo e uruleH Hoft reu nepary pa Aep)Kurcr ao cnery loue ft ueHcrpyaqlln.
Eclu xe )r(eHrr{HHa 6epeveHna, To MeHcrpyaqrrr He Hacryiltrr H TeMneparypa Bo BpeMfl ecefi SeperaeHHocru
ocraHercs noBbffreHHar. C.neqonaierbHo, ecnr4 e)r(eAHeBHo H3Mepnm reuneparypy r,i crpouTr rpa$un, To r{o}(Ho c
onpeAeneHHofi roqnocrslo onpeAenurb AeHb oBynrrrnn.

! flpaenna fi :raepeHrar 6a3ansHoil retM neDarvpsr.

'/ Vrpon,t
,/ He scraear c nocrenu
,/ B oAHo H ro )Ke BpeMr (pa:uuqa s 1 ,5 qaca ponu He nrpaer). KparnoepeueHHoe BcraBaHHe Horlblo (e ryaner)
poJII4 He l4rpaer
,/ XeHuluHanr,-Koropbre pa6oraror B Hor{Hyro cMe}Ty, ueo6xo4uuo u3Mepsrb reMneparypy nocne 1-2 qacosoro
oTnblxa rexa
,/ xe repMoMerporu (naoxno HcnoJrb3oBarr odriqsrtfi repn,lorrrerp)
OgHran,t r4 TeM
,/ B reqeHue 5 nnuyr Bo Bnaruur!{ure HJu4 B nprn,tofi KHUIKe u 8 mnHyr - noA t3blKoM
./ B reqeuue Bcero rrHKJra Hyxfio prcnoJrb3oBarb roJrr,Ko oAHH lr ror xe cnoco6 I43MepeHL{Jl reMneparypbl
i1,9
 MMIII (HAIII AOM' OI43I4OJ7GI-14.fl qEICBEKA
'/ Haqtasarcr H3MepeHae reMneparypbr c :neptsofo
rl's,nocne npeKpaqeFrr4fl KposlHl.rc.r;irx MeHcrllya,,rbHrrx
ssr4e-leuuil
r' Bce sognsle.<<co6sttt-lzs> (nonoeoft ar1 6eccoHHr4ua, Hor{Hafi claeHa).
6o,re:Hr u 7lp: orMe{a}orcq ua rparf rrce.

Iipaooperr onpeAeneHHuft onrn, HeKoropble xeHud,Hbl n:vepx* 6a3a-[bHyro

reMileparypy, Ha..rrHafl c 7-ro 4Hx
MeHcrpyaJlbHoro I{LiIcrIa, H npoAoilxalor
Io notBJleHfit noeblueHl4t 6asanluoft TeMneparypbr Ha nporr xeuuu 4x
4Hefr nogpx''f' rlocne Hacryr,rteH,n eeiepa qerBeproro rHs' noBbrrrJeHi.rfi TeMneparypbr
Hacrynaer <a6co,rrcrso
6e:onacHrrfir) nepuoTl;
/]ru 6o'rruefi Hamsrnocrh Mo)KHo orMer{arb r.{3MeHeHHr 6a:arrnofi TeM[eparypri Ha rpaQnne.

{Hz vecxqa^ quxla

r;c;l |;c;;l
3] Merog HccreAouuHil il crru:n.
Ha'lexHocrs 3Tofo Merora oKono 85ak. Ecnu coqerarb lror r\4eroA c KareHAapHbrM MeroAoM. Tc Ha.[e]r(Hocrb
Bo3pacraer ao 88%.

flotr no:AeiicrBl4eM noJIoBbIX ropMoHoB' uteftrca MarKH BbrAeJrrer cir'3b.

Ko,Taqecreo, KoHc,creHr-r'fi, r-iBer c.rr43vt
3aBl4ctr or roro. xaxofr ropn'loH e 6o,'lsulefi Mepe Bnp{ter e
4auuulfi N{oMeHT. 7]o HacrynleH}.rr oBy-rrq", npaoonuouaa
BrI4qHHe gcTporeHoB, a ilocre oByrtIII4H
- npofecTepoua. C,tn:r, Koropaq BbtAenqercr B nepByro nonoBplgy Ul4x.na
(4o oaynxqnn) Ha:rmaror cJ'tI'I3hIo IInoAHoro rvrila) a inrrr,
Koropafl BbrneJlrrercr m nropofi noJroBI4He qi4Rna (noc,re
onyr.rqzn) * cJrpi3bro HenJiorHoro rt4rra.

X CTI{ lu ureequofi cJrr{3rr

flroAnoro rnrra Heuoqnoro runa
. llpo:pau"a" T e MyrHat, HecKolbxo xe,qroBara
. Cra*ourat*---: a l-vcrag. B BI4ne <<o6na.r
o T.sryqat o Jlnnrcas
. lloxoxa sa.saquslfi 6elorc o He rqryuar

Karc npann:rsso Ha6:rrotraru :a clu:rrc?

o Hecrco'tsKo pa3 Ha AeHs, a npe'MyurecrBeHHo BerrepoM (nepe4
onopolKHeHrzeM MoqeBoro riy3brp, H-rrH nocJre
ororo) Heo6xoAnivto nphKocHyrbct K HapyxHbrM noroBbrM fp.ur* oy.o"oo*y*.tnou;il;; ,
Htulllr{He H xapaKTep nslAe:reHafi. Tnrylecrr cJII,I3H Mox(Ho
ou*"r*
oueHHTb, ecru KoMoqeK cnu3lz npr.IAaBrrb Mex4y
AByMt Kycor{KaMH rya,rerHoi4 oynnarlr, H 3areM pa3BecrH 3TH KyCOqKH (,l,roxHo
niLitbubl. Ha KoTopbtx ecrt c,rn:s).
rarcKe cMbrKarb ,r prrrir*il.
' Bo BpeMt 36e:onacuoro> (uemoAHoro, cyxcro)_nepnoAa y 6orsuuHcrBa xeHrqraH Her, *g4g 11euuit
(Henno4Hste nHH = cyxne 4Hr'r) nJrvt o'vr a*y-r"o,a.'xaparcrepui,a u'o"na"r", notopr,a Bhr3brBaror r{yBcrBo
yBnax(HeHlag,nofBJIfiIOTCgroJIbKOBnepHoAoByJIflrIHH.
,...ii :,, :.;.,t1.:.
" Eng toro, g'o6ti orrl4rlplTt nnoA"oao'trnu or antr*ttannoAHoro r'na, Mo)Krro npHMeHLITb ((Te,cr
.JTH3L
...:r

craKaHa BoAbl))' Ciriasr nroAHofo rl'tna, noMerreHHat B

npo3paqHrrfi crarcaH c eoAo[, yAep)KgBaerc,
KOMOqKOM H He roHe! a cJIH3b HenJIoAHOfo rHIIa
pacnalaercr rz pacnnbrBaercr B 8OAe.
r lToc'reAsnfi 4eus npolpavuofi, crorb:Kofi, trryuefi cJrI,r3H,
crrH3LI nroAHofo ritna (He3aBacilMo or ee
rco:rnvecrea) 3HaKOM X; :ro "4eHb ilHK" - san60:ree
sepranrHufr nepl{'A.

120
 MMIII (HAIII AOM, @VJ3kl},nofl4f I{E/IOBEKA
Oay.'rruial .Moxer npoa:oftrn HenocpeAcrBeHHo B .deHb nI4Ka HaIHi{r4fl cll'ttt3l4, za 3 Aus Ao Helo u;ln vepes 3
AHx nocne uero. Toqno ycraHoBt4Tb MoMeHT oByirrunH He Bo3Mox{Ho. Ec:iu )KeHUIiiHa pyKoBoAcrByerct
TSJILKS-.Ha6lroAenuflMkl ' 3a cJII43blo,, To 4.il AeHb nocne fll4Ka Haitnqfifl cr143t4 ct{l4Taerct Har{aJoM
<6esoilacHofo) nepno.qa. 3ro npanruro r{cnoJrb3yerc{ H B neplloA KopMneHHfi rpyAb}o 14 B KrHMaKTepnuecrcnfr
nepuo.q., EclN coqerarb 3Tor MeroA c r,r.3Mpp€HI4eM'6a3a,rll'Hofi reuneparypbt, To yxe Beqep rperbero AHf
noA6eMaTeMIIeparypbiMo)KHoc.I{HTaT6FaI{a-qoM(6e3onacHoro)nepHoAa.
Ha cneAyroulsit .qesl nocJre no,rroBofo aKTa BaxHo He'c{TsTb cnepMy c ruee.{Hofi cJIH3bto. Cnepua 6olee
)KHAKar H He rrrryqax. Ha 6yvare oHa He ocraBJlter crercrroBaAHofo cneAa ceoilcreeFlHot-o cJIpI3H IUIoAHoro
T}1,NA. ::

flocle4uue EHr4 Hailutt rfl clrvr3Lr rLrro.qHoro rl,Irra H nepnrtfi AeHb noBbIIIIeuus 6asa:rsHofi rennneparypbl
r Btrtlorcrr uapr6o.ne e 6l aro np nrrH bI M H AJIx 3av^trr vrfr..

flpenbrnanrle nonoso ro ar.ra Ao ce]{s n:eepxeHuq

6.
Sror il,rero.4 KoHrpauenuuu roqycrnM s crlyqaqx:
o flaptt, Koropbte peAKo HMeIor noJtoBble cHouIeHI4q.
r flapu, KoropbrM cpor{Ho FryxHa Konrpallenqrrfl, a Epyrne MeroALI He rocrynHbt.
llpe uuy ue crna naerotra:
.Moxer 6rns npuueHeH e rrc6oe BpeMr e rlo6oNa Mecre, ue rpe6yet AeHe)KHbrx 3arpar.
cHerpe6yercl MexaHlzqecKux npucnoco6:reuuft.
He,focrarrn naeroAa:
. 30$ercrr,rBHocrb MeroAa Mo)Ker cHr4)Karbcs vg+a npncyrcrBur B KaHa.[e ilor-roBoro ,ineHa (yperpe) cnepuu,
coxpaHr.IBluufics nocle He,qaBHero (ueHee 24 \acoe Ha:a4) ceMfiH3Bep)I(eHI4s.
r Bo:uoxHo cHHxceHHe ceKcya[r,H],rx orqyxleHnfr y naprnepon.
. He cHr4x€er pucxa sa6ol evanuil, nepeAaroql{xcfl IIo.}IoRbiM rryTeM.
o Husrufi KoHrpar,lenrueHblfi sQSexr (i 5 - 30%).
. BpeAgo Ans 3AopoBbfl My)Krrr.{Hbr (Heupoe , flpexueBpeMeHHaq 3flKyiltuat, orcyrcrBue KoHTpont 3a
:.anyrxqneir, qacrr're Hapy[IeHHt opra:ua).
. Eonrruoft ncuxo:uouHoHarbHar Hafpy3Ka Ha naprHepoB.
Ecrll xe Btt Bce - raKu peLuHrH eocnomgoearreq grarl N,reroAon4. ro Ha.[o npuAepxgsarrcq ctle,+-]o[Ixx npaenr:
C eurusne pxeHI,Ie AonxHo np oLIcxoAI4Ti, BHe BJIararI,Iqa )KeHnIpIHbl
c flaprHepbr Aon)KHrr crreAlrrb, qro6sr cnepMa He rrofiara Ha HapyxcHLle noJIoBbIe opruHbl ilaprHeprxu
o Ha scsr$4fr cnyuafr HyNGo HMerb prAoM naroe-lu6o cnepMaqi{AHoe cpeAcrBo Ha ror c;r1'uaft, ec:Ita cnepMa
Bce-TaKrr noIIaJIa Bo BJIafaJrHrrIe. I4naefi're B Bi4Ay, r{To nprr 3ToM 3aMerHo Bo3pacraer pt{cK:a6epe:vreHers
o flpu rloBTopHr,rx noJroBbrx aKTax npepBaHHoe noJroBoe cHorrreHl,Ie He cneAyer npi,IMer{srb, TaK KaK Bo3Mo)KHo
ilorra.qaHl,Ie Bo BJIar€uII4uIe He6olsuror-o KoJruqecrBa cnepMbr, ocranureftcg nocfle npeAbl,ryiqefi sf,Iq,'Isqru
c flttx ynyqrueHaf, comacosaHHocrr4 cBorrx Aeftcrenft u eo us6exaHne B3aHMHoro HenoHI,tMaHHfl rlaprHepaM
cneAyer o6cyArarr cBoe HaMepeHue Hcnorb3oBarb MeroA npepbrBaHnr Ao nonoBoro aKTa
ilpepsaHFmlft norosoft axr FIe ronxeH r.{cnonrgoearbcq ecJru:
. MyxqnHacrpaAaer npexAeBpeMeHHbIM ceMtu3BepxeHLIeM.
. Myx.{hHa HcnbrrbrBaer rpyAHocrn c caMoKoHTponeM.
o Myxcquga HMeer xaxne-lpt6o $usnrecruae HnH ncl4xoJloruqecKHe paccrpoftcreq Koropble MoryT rloB,rlugrb Ha
cBoeBpeMeHHllfr gstnoA noJloBoro qneHa H3 Bnafarhrr1a.
. Fepena€HHocrb npeAcraB.ilqer'6on"roft pltuc4nr 3AopoBbt xeHU{hHbt.
I .:. . .

7.'l'pyOnan oxmrrorun
@oox
Tpy6Har oKx;rlo3r{r
nepeBr3brBalor Maror{Hlre
c nepMaro3o v\awv.,
* 3To oKoHr{arelsHslfi u 6ecnoeopornrrft uero4 KoHTpauemlulr. Xenulpnre, corjlacHo ee nrt6opa,
rpy6sr. flocle raxofi oneparluu co3peBr.uue gftqeKrlerKra He Bcrper{arcTcf co
H coorBercrBeHHo He M o)Ker n po u:o fi ru 3avxrvfl .

Taroft BHA KoHTpaqenqrru, KaK npaBr,rJro, err6uparor [apbl, Koroprte 6onrure He xorrrr HMerb Aerefi ulu KoropblM
Herb3t lrtuers rerefi no MeAfiqI4HcKHM noK€BaHr4rM.
. : ..ir' I a.

t21
 ,nlt M m u,u aut,fi eitrn >): 6fi 3t4 0x oF dfl q'g no g E KA
'
8-Ba::rcro*uas
Ba:sxro:ut'ts - 3To onepaul4t no' nepeBr3Ke ceMrBbrHocfluero nporoKa y Myx${r4H. floc:re :rofi onepaquu
peKoMeHAyercrl eule Ha'nportxeauu 3x-4x nocneAyloqr4x MecqqeB npnMeHsrb.oAr,rH r43 BH,16B KoHTpar{enUr{H,.TaK
KaK B npoToKax eue MoryT coxpaHrTbcr purr"a ,o,4"neHHbte cnepMaTo3oHAbr.

3$SerraBHocrs 9q9% :

Oc.noNHesrs nocne onepaqnu:

a) '3nr,tgngnuzr
6) Momouoqnrre a6cqeccrr '

n) Cnepua-nrnar rpaHyJreMa
r) I{erulolrar
. 4) Blrpa6orxa ,anrlrreJl K cnepMaro3ouAaM. B excnepuueHTax Ha )r(r,IBorHbrx raKue
l
aHTI,ITeJra Bbr3brB:urpl
' onyxortlr4Jrl4 rxoMepynoHe$prar, Ho 3To He AoKa3aHo y *y*or".
. 'e) I-euaroua n 4p.

3ar.nro.IeHne:
focnogr KDKroMy rlenoBel(y aa,r cno6o.qy srr6opa. B nonpoce nnaHr,rpoBaHnr ceMbpr u e ou6ope MeroAa, c noMorqbro
Koroporo esr 6ygere 3ro AeJIarb, BbI TaKlKe ceo6o4Hu. llpocure y Eora MyApocrn u Ero pyKoBoAcrBa B 3ToM
HeMa-rroBaxGoM Borrpoce, noroMy qro Kaid(Aoe Aeno B KoHue KoHuoB Eor npuseger Ha cyA.

':,.*
.,r-til
,1

t22