Heat transfer lab

Ms.duha qasim
Fdhelullah abdulkarim abdulmuhsin
Third stage (A)
 Heat transfer 1

The purpose:
The purpose of heating fluids flowing normal to single
wires, tubes, or rows of tubes is typically to transfer heat
from the heated object to the fluid. This process is often
used in heat exchangers, which are devices that are
designed to transfer heat from one fluid to another.
In some cases, the purpose of heating the fluid may be to
increase the temperature of the fluid for a specific process,
such as in chemical reactions or in power generation. In
other cases, the purpose of heating the fluid may be to
cool the heated object, such as in electronic cooling
systems or in some industrial processes where excess heat
is generated.
Regardless of the specific purpose, the heating of fluids
flowing normal to single wires, tubes, or rows of tubes is
an important process in many industrial applications, and
it requires careful consideration of various factors to
achieve optimal performance and efficiency.
 Heat transfer 2

The heating of fluids flowing normal to single wires,

tubes, or rows of tubes is calculated for several reasons.
Firstly, it is important to calculate the heat transfer
coefficient to design and optimize heat exchangers. Heat
exchangers are devices that transfer heat between two
fluids or between a fluid and a solid surface. The heat
transfer coefficient is a critical parameter in designing
heat exchangers, as it determines the rate at which heat
is transferred between the two fluids. Knowing the heat
transfer coefficient, researchers and engineers can design
heat exchangers with optimal efficiency and
performance.
Secondly, calculating the heating of fluids flowing normal
to single wires, tubes, or rows of tubes is important in
many industrial processes. For example, the heating of
fluids flowing in pipes is critical in chemical and power
generation processes, where it is often necessary to
transfer heat from a hot fluid to a colder fluid.
Understanding the heat transfer characteristics of these
systems can help engineers design and optimize these
processes for maximum efficiency.
 Heat transfer 3

Theory:
There are two types of movement when the fluid flows through
a tube or duct when the fluid particles flow parallel to the axis of
the tube is called linear or stratified flow. or if there is a vehicle
in the direction of the radius of flow, or the presence of vortices
during the flow is disturbed, then the flow is disturbed.
The linear flow : is when the Reynolds number is less than 2300
Turbulent flow : is when the Reynolds number is greater than
3000
Transition flow : is the two cases and is when the Reynolds
number is greater than 2300 and less than 3000
NRe = 𝒗×𝒅 /U
Where :
𝜌 = air density kg /𝑚3
𝑣 = air velocity m/s
d = duct diameter m
Ʋ = kinematic viscosity 𝑚2/s
Nusselt number is the amount of heat transferred through
surfaces by convection to the amount of heat transferred by
conduction
 Heat transfer 4

NNu=0.3(NRe)0.57
NNu =h.D/k
h= NNu.k/D

Calculates the h value for more than one

wire or row:
NNu=0.3(NRe)0.6(NPr)1/3

The devices used:

Air duct, heater, anemometer for measuring air speed,
thermometer for measuring air temperature
Heat transfer 5
 Heat transfer 6

We use the laboratory air conditioning unit device to find out the
type of flow and calculate the Reynolds number by calculating the
duct diameter and the air velocity in the animometer and
calculating the kinematic viscosity from the temperatures, then
we repeat the experiment and take new readings

Discuss the importance of dimensionless numbers on the heat

transfer coefficient With a graphical relationship?

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15
h

0.1

0.05

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

-0.05

NRe
-0.1