Solutions and concentrations

Solution

a homogenous mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts that can be varied
continuously up to what is called the limit of solubility.

 Solvent

A substance often a liquid that is capable of dissolving one or more pure substances.
dissolving medium in a solution and it is present in large amount

 Solvent

dissolved substance in a solution and it is present in small amount

A solid, liquid or gas that dissolves in a solvent.

Weight Percent

It is frequently used to express approximate concentrations of commercial chemicals or

of solid concentrations of sludges.

The term specifies the grams ofsubstance per 100 g of solution or suspension and is
mathematically expressed as

Practice:

1. What percent of AgNo3 is Silver?

 2. What percent composition of phosphorus in Zn3(PO4)2? This means to find
the percent composition of each element in the compound (Zn, P and O)

3. How many grams of iron can be recovered from a 115g. sample of Fe2(CO3)3?

Parts per Million

In case of many substances dissolved in drinking water that has a very low
concentration, this formula is commonly used.

Some contaminants are of concern at concentrations much lower than parts per million,
and are reported as parts per billion. In aqueous solutions, 1 ppb = 1 μg/L.

Practice:

1. Convert : 35 mg/mL = ____ ppm

 2. Convert : 432 ppm = ____ ug/uL

Molarity

It is defined as a concentration unit expressed by the number of moles of solute present

in 1 liter of solution.

Practice:

1. What is the molarity of a 5-liter contains 10 moles of NaCl?

2. How many moles of table sugar is contained in 5 liters of 1.25 M sugar solution?