Ept 1399.8.11

‫لغات ضروری آزمون‌های‬
‫‪EPTMSRT‬‬
‫مؤلف‪ :‬حمید رضا صالحی‬

‫‏‬
‫صالحی‪ ،‬حمیدرضا‪،‬‏‫‪- ۱۳۷۴‬‏‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‫سرشناسه ‪:‬‬

‫لغات ضروری آزمون‌های ‪/EPTMSRT‬‬ ‫‏عنوان و نام پديدآور ‪:‬‬
‫تألیف حمیدرضا صالحی‪.‬‬ ‫ ‬
‫تهران‪ :‬آذرین مهر‏‫‪‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬.۱۳۹۵ ،‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‏مشخصات نشر‬
‫‪ 170‬ص‪ :‬.‬مصور‪،‬جدول‪‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ .‬‬ ‫‏مشخصات ظاهری ‪:‬‬
‫‬‏‬‪‭978-600-7707-38-8‬‫‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫ ‬ ‫شابک‬ ‫‏‬
‫فیپا‬ ‫‏وضعیت فهرست نویسی‪:‬‬
‫واژه‌نامه‪.‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫ ‬ ‫‏یادداشت‬
‫ ‬ ‫کنکور ارشد ‪ --‬راهنمای مطالع‏‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫ ‬ ‫‏موضوع‬
‫‏‬‫‬‬‪۹ ۱۳۹۵‬د‪۱۶‬ص‪‭/‬‏‪‭‬‭PE۱۱۲۸‬‫‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‫‏رده بندی کنگره ‪:‬‬
‫‏‬‪‭۴۲۸/۰۰۷۶‬‫‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‫‏رده بندی دیویی ‪:‬‬
‫‪۴۱۷۱۶۹۶‬‬ ‫شماره کتابشناسی ملی‪:‬‬ ‫‏‬
‫*عنوان کتاب‪ :‬لغات ضروری آزمون‌های ‪EPTMSRT‬‬

‫*مؤلف‪ :‬حمیدرضا صالحی‬
‫*ناشر‪ :‬آذرین مهر‬
‫*چاپ‪ :‬دوم پاییز ‪1399‬‬
‫*شمارگان‪ 1000 :‬نسخه‬
‫*صفحه‌آرایی و طراحی جلد‪ :‬خدمات نرم افزاری ردنــــا ‪66123996 -‬‬
‫*قیمت‪ 450.000 :‬ریال ‬
‫*مشاوره جهت نشر‪ :‬محمد روشن دل ‪09193192935‬‬
‫فهرست مطالب‬
‫افعال عمومی سطح یک ‪5 .............................................................................................‬‬
‫افعال عمومی سطح دو ‪67 ................................................................................................‬‬
‫نمونه تست های لغت ‪133 .................................................................................................‬‬
‫افعال عمومی سطح ‪1‬‬
‫افعال عمومی سطح یک‬
7 ‫الف‬-‫لغات عمومی سطح اول‬

1. abroad(adj)=overseas
‫ خارج از کشور‬،‫خارج‬
Living abroad can be an educational experience
2. abrupt(adj) = sudden
‫ غیرمنتظره‬/‫ناگهان‬
There was an abrupt change in the weather
3. abate(v)= decrease/diminish/decline
‫ فروکش کردن‬/ ‫کاهش یافتن‬
John pulled over to the side of the road to wait until the storm abated
4. abet (v)= assist

‫شریک جرم کسی شدن‬
It is unlawful to aid and abet a criminal
5. abhor (v)= detest

‫متنفر بودن‬
I abhor someone who is constantly changing channels
6. baffle (v)= confuse

‫ مات ومبهوت کردن‬/ ‫گیج کردن‬
The causes of many harmful diseases have baffled doctors for
centuries
7. balanced (adj)= equalized

‫ سنجیده‬/‫معقول‬
He made a balanced presentations of both points of view
EPTMSRT ‫مجموعه آزمون‌های‬
8.bald (adj hairless

‫کچل‬ 8
The bald eagle is so named for the white feathers on top of its head
9. ban (v)= forbid

‫ممنوع کردن‬
The law bans selling certain drugs without a prescription
10.badger (v)= pester/harass

‫غر غر کردن‬
The teacher continually badgered the pupil for the missing
assignments.
11.caliber (n)= quality

‫کیفیت‬
The high caliber of her work earned her a raise in pay
12. caution (v) = warn

‫هشتدار‬
The officer cautioned the motorist to slow down
13.cabal (n)= faction

‫گروه سیاسی‬/‫باند‬
All members of the cabal will be prosecuted for the treason
14. callous (adj)= tough/cruel/cold-hearted

‫بی احساس‬/‫سنگدل‬
Even the most callous observer would be moved by the news report
about the war
9
15. cache (n)=hide out/den /sanctuary
‫مخفیگاه‬
Through a precise remark , the cache of the art thieves was discovered
16.debilitating (adj)=enfeebling
‫ضعیف کننده‬
The lack of investment savings has a debilitating effect on the
economy
17.deceptively (adv)=misleadingly
‫گول زننده‬
The magician deceptively made the rabbit disappear
18.dagger(n)= knife
‫خنجر‬
Apparently the victim has been stabbed with a dagger
19. dangle (v) = wave

‫تاب خوردن‬
The boys sat on the edge of the pool and dangled their bare feet in
the water
20.dearth (n)= shortage
‫قطحی‬/ ‫کمبود‬
In the restaurants there is no dearth of succulent dishes
21.elaborate (adj)= complicated

‫ماهرانه‬/‫پیچیده‬/‫مفصل‬
An elaborate headdress indicated rank within the Aztec community

10
22.element (n)= component

‫رکن‬/‫عنصر‬
Hardwork and perseverance are the basic elements of success
23. eccentric (adj)= abnormal

‫عجیب و غریب‬
Everyone who wears eccentric clothes is not necessarily a punk rocker
24. eloquence (n)= persuasive/fluency/graceful language

‫فصاحت‬/‫شیوایی‬
The actors eloquence moved his audience to tears
25.edifice (n)= building

‫عمارت‬/ ‫ساختمان‬
We originally planned on a skyscraper but had to settle for a truncated
edifice
26.fabricate (v)= invent/make up

‫سرهم بندی کردن‬/‫جعل کردن‬
The executive fabricated the story about the manager
27. face (v)= confront

‫رویارو شدن‬/‫مواجه شدن‬
The mountain climbers faced grave danger on the cliff
28. facile (adj)= easy

‫ساده‬/‫آسان‬
There is no facile solution to this very complicated problem
29. falter (v)= to move hesitatingly

11
)‫لرزیدن (صدا‬
Since he is shy about speaking in public, his voice always falters a little
at the beginning of his speeches
30.famine (n)= starvation

‫قطحی‬
Unless it rains this week, the loss of crops could result in a famine
31.gain (v)= acquire/attain

‫کسب کردن‬/‫بدست آوردن‬
He gained a lot of experience working as a volunteer
32.gather (v)= collect

‫جمع آوری کردن‬
He carefully gathered his thoughts just before the interview
33.grab (n) = clothing

‫لباس‬/ ‫جامه‬
The actors were costumed in the original grab of sixteenth-century England
34. garrison(n)= barracks
‫پادگان نظامی‬
The garrison was built on a hill by the sea in order to protect the
harbor
35. garrulous (adj)= talkative

‫پر حرف‬
He is so garrulous that once he starts talking no one can get a word in
36. halt (v)= stop

12
‫متوقف کردن‬
Bus service to the city was halted due to poor road conditions
37. handle (v)= manage

‫رسیدگی کردن‬
They handled themselves very well in the given circumstances
38. hamlet(n)= a small village

‫دهکده ی کوچک‬
There are six families living in this hamlet
39. handy(adj)= easily reached

‫در دسترس‬
Keep your dictionary handy as you write your compositions
40. harsh (adj)= cruel
‫بی رحم‬
The punishment seemed very harsh for such a harmless joke
41. illustration (n)= picture

‫تصویر‬
The illustration makes the process of condensation more understandable
42. immense (adj)= massive

‫حجیم‬/‫بسیاربزرگ‬
From the mountain top you can see the immense valley
43. identical (adj)= alike

‫شبیه‬/‫همانند‬
Jean and Jane are identical twins
13
44. ignorant(adj)=without knowledge
‫بی اطالع‬/ ‫نا آگاه‬
Because Barbara had been ill, she was ignorant of the change in the
date for the final examination
45. ignore (v) = disregard

‫نادیده گرفتن‬
Mary turned her back and ignored him as john went by
46. joepardy (n)= danger

‫مخاطره‬/‫خطر‬
Many people put their lives in jeopardy every day by driving under the
influence of alcohol
47. jerk (n)= sudden movement
‫تکان ناگهانی‬
The elevator stopped with a jerk
48. keen (adj)= eager

‫مشتاق‬
Because of her keen interest in ancient history she plans to major in
archaeology in college
49. lament (v)= to express sorrow

‫سوگواری کردن‬
Across the nation and around the world people lamented the death of
Dr.martin luthet king
50. lanky (adj) = thin and tall, skinny
‫قد بلند و الغر‬
Most basketball players are lanky
51. magnitude (n)= greatness/immensity

14
‫ اندازه‬/ ‫ وسعت‬/‫بزرگی‬
The magnitude of shock waves determines the damage that occurs
during an earthquake
52. maintain(v)= preserve

‫ نگهداری کردن‬/‫ رسیدگی کردن‬/‫حفظ کردن‬
The building had to be renovated because it was not well maintained
53. malign (v)= to slander

‫ بدنام کردن‬/ ‫بد گویی کردن‬
If she continues to malign the integrity of our company , we will sue her
for slander
54. mansion (n)= manor house
‫عمارت مجلل‬
His mansion has been located by the sea
55. mare (n)= a female horse

‫اسب ماده‬
Only three year old horses are eligible to run in the derby , this male is
too old to qualify
56. narrate (v)= to tell a story, relate

‫ روایت کردن‬/‫نقل کردن‬
She narrated the documentary film
57. narrow (adj)= thin

‫کم عرض‬/‫باریک‬
The canal was extremely narrow
58. nadir (n)= the lowest point

15
‫پایین‌ترین حد‬
The stock market reached its nadir on Tuesday and began to rise again
in early trading on Wednesday
59. nasty(adj)= unpleasant/mean

‫ تنفرانگیز‬/‫ پلید‬/‫کثیف‬
Be tactful when you tell him because he has a very temper
60. numb (adj)= without sensation./paralyzed

‫ بی حس‬/‫کرخ‬
By the time the mountain climbers had reached the snowy top, their
hands and feet were numb with cold
61. parallel (adj)= similar
‫ همانند‬/ ‫مساوی‬
We have led parallel lives
62. partially (adv)= a part of the whole

‫به طور ناقص‬
The clerk was only partially responsible for the error
63. pact (n)= treaty

‫معاهده‬
Even if a peace pact is signed, neither nation will be in a position to
honor it
64. palatable (adj)= delicious

‫ لذیذ‬/ ‫خوش مزه‬
Some foods which are considered very palatable in one country are not
eaten at all in another country
65. pauper (n)= a very poor person

16
‫مسکین‬/ ‫فقیر‬/‫گدا‬
When the banks failed during the great Depression, many formerly
successful businessmen committed suicide rather than live as paupers
66. peek (v)= to take a brief look

‫دزدکی نگاه کردن‬
The little boy promised not to peek at his Christmas presents while his
parents were gone
67. penetrate (v)= infiltrate/to pass through/pierce
‫وارد شدن‬/‫نفوذکردن‬
The bullet penetrated the victims chest and lodged itself just to the
right of his heart
68. pensive (adj)= pondering/thoughtful
‫فکورانه‬/‫توفکر‬
You seem to be in a very pensive mood
69. perforate(v)= make holes in sth

‫سوراخ کردن‬
Please tear the paper along the perforated line
70. quell (v)= suppress/appease

‫سرکوب کردن‬
The national guard was called in to quell the riot
71. quest (n)= seeking/pursuit

‫کاوش‬/‫تحقیق‬/‫جستجو کردن‬
The Newyork university research team is collaborating with the
department of health in its quest for a cure for arthritis
72. radiant (adj)= bright

17
‫با طراوت‬/‫شاد‬
The actors radiant smile captivated the audience
73. reaction(n)= response/feed back

‫پاسخ‬/ ‫واکنش‬
When chlorine and ammonia are mixed , the chemical reaction causes chlorine
gas.
74. readily (adv)= freely/willingly
‫بال فاصله‬/ ‫فوری‬
The workers readily complained about the food in the cafeteria.
75. record (v)= register

‫ضبط کردن‬
The coldest temperatures in the United States have been recorded at
international falls.
76. recover (v)= retrieve

‫باز گردانی کردن‬
The Nasa team was unable to recover the space capsule.
77. ramble (v)= wander

‫سرگردان بودن‬
The composition rambles from one subject to another it doesnt seem
to have any point.
78. rancor (n)= resentment/hatred

‫کدورت‬/‫کینه‬
Let us forget our former rancor and cooperated to solve the pressing
problems at hand.
79. random (adj)= unplanned /haphazard

18
‫تصادفی‬/ ‫بدون ترتیب‬
Although I thought that they would call our names in alphabetical
order they called them in random order.
80.rash (adj)= reckless/hasty

‫شتاب زده‬
Rash judgments are often unjustified
81. ratify (v)= confirm

‫تصویب شدن‬
The constitution was ratified by all members
82. sacrifice (v) = immolate

‫قربانی کردن‬
He sacrificed his day off to help clean up the neighborhood
83. scarcely (adv)= hardly/seldom

‫به زحمت‬/ ‫به سختی‬/‫به ندرت‬
The woman scarcely spoke a word of English
84. scattered (adj)= dispersed/distributed

‫متفرق‬/‫پراکنده‬
Hurricane Andrew left debris scattered throughout Miami
85. scenic (adj)= picturesque

‫پرمنظره‬/ ‫تماشایی‬
The scenic route to the summit is much more interesting than the
fastest route.
86. sagacity (n)= keenness/wisdom

19
‫ زیرکی‬/ ‫دانایی‬
Benjamin Franklin is remembered for his sagacity and wit.
87. scandal (n) = disgrace/dishonor
‫ افتضاح‬/ ‫رسوایی‬
If this scandal appears in the newspaper it will ruin his political career.
88. scant (adj)= meager
‫ اندک‬/‫نا چیز‬
The new math gives scant attention to computation , process is
considered more important
89. tangible(adj)= real/concrete

‫ واقعی‬/‫ عینی‬/‫ملموس‬
The work of a teacher seldom produces tangible results until years after
a student has graduated.
90. tedious (adj)= boring/tiresome

‫ مالل آور‬/‫کسل کننده‬
The tedious lecture bored most of the audience
91. tempt (v)= entice/persuade

‫ وسوسه کردن‬/ ‫اغوا کردن‬
The idea of getting rich quickly tempted him to invest his life savings.
92. terrifying (adj)= frightening

‫ ترسناک‬/‫وحشتناک‬
To be in a violent storm is a terrifying experience.
93. tightly (adv)= firmly

‫چسبان‬
The shirt fits too tightly
94. toxic (adj)= poisonous

20
‫مسموم کننده‬/‫سمی‬
Disposal of toxic wastes is an ongoing problem
95 . tranquility (n)= peacefulness

‫سکوت‬/‫آرامش‬
The tranquility of the lake at sunrise inspired a profound sense of well
being
96. taciturn (adj)= untalkative

‫کم حرف‬
He is very taciturn person
97. tack (v)= nail

‫میخ کوب کردن‬
The janitor tacked the rug to the floor so that it would not slide
98. tact (n)= discretion

‫ سیاست‬/‫تدبیر‬
My sister has no tact she always says the wrong thing.
99. tally (n)= sum/total

‫ نتیجه‬/‫امار‬
The final tally showed a score of twenty to eleven
100. unbiased (adj)= impartial
‫ بی تعصب‬/‫بی غرض‬
Here is unbiased proof that nitrogen exists in this compound.
21 ‫ب‬-‫لغات عمومی سطح اول‬
1. absurd (adj)= ridiculous/pointless

‫ بی معنی‬،‫ پوچ‬،‫نامعقول‬
Confidentially, I think this suggestion is absurd.
2. abuse(n)= misuse
‫سو استفاده‬
The constant abuse of the environment will have grave consequences
in the future.
3. abject(adj)= miserable, wretched

‫ خوار‬، ‫ پست‬، ‫ خفت آور‬،‫رقت انگیز‬
They were living in such abject poverty that they could not even afford
the bare necessities.
4. absorbed (adj)= interested

‫مجذوب بودن‬
Bill did not hear the telephone because he was completely absorbed in
his reading.
5. abundant(adj)= plentiful
‫ وافر‬، ‫فراوان‬
The crop was so abundant that the farmers had to store half of it.
6. bear(v)= tolerate= put up with= yield
‫ میوه دادن‬،‫تحمل کردن‬
This orchard bears many fine harvests of apple.
7. benefit(v)= assist
22
‫ مفید بودن‬،‫فایده رساندن‬
Use of solar power will benefit all mankind.
8. bar(n)= a court of law

‫ مقام وکالت‬،‫دادگاه حقوقی‬
After passing his exams, he will be admitted to the bar.
9. barricade(n)= obstruction= obstacle

‫ سد‬، ‫مانع‬
The highway patrol put up a barricade in front of the incident.
10. beckon(v)= motion= gesture

‫ با حالت بدن اشاره کردن‬، ‫اشاره کردن‬
She beckoned them to enter her office.
11. celebrated(adj)= famous= renowned

‫ معروف‬،‫مشهور‬
A celebrated pianist will give a concert this week.
12. challenge(n)= an invitation to compete

‫ مبارزه‬، ‫چالش‬
Finishing the 26-mile race was a challenge for most of the participants.
13. chaotic(adj)= disordered= disorganized

‫ درهم بر هم‬، ‫آشفته‬
The traffic in Seoul is often chaotic.
14. captive(n)= prisoner, hostage

23
‫ غالم‬، ‫ برده‬، ‫اسیر‬
Several captives are being held pending payment of a Fifty-thousand-dollar
ransom.
15. carve(v) = slice = cut up

‫ قطعه قطعه کردن‬، ‫بریدن‬
Their grandmother always carves the Thanksgiving Day turkey.
16. decline(v)= diminish= decrease= lessen= fade

‫ وخیم شدن‬، ‫کاهش دادن‬
The old man’s health has declined since he retired.
17. deep(adj)= thorough

‫ گود‬، ‫عمیق‬
Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world.
18. defy(v)= resist=refuse=disobey

‫ مخالفت کردن‬، ‫مقاومت کردن‬
I defy you to find that book in the library’s collection.
19. debtor(n)= one who owes
‫ مدیون‬،‫بدهکار‬
The accounting office sends a bill to all of the company’s debtors at
the end of the month.
20. decade(n)= a period of ten years

‫دهه‬
The decade from 1960 through 1970 was marred by race riots and
political assassinations in the United States.
21. elementary(adj)= primary= rudimentary

24
‫ساده‬، ‫مقدماتی‬، ‫ابتدایی‬
You must take elementary physics before you can enroll in the
advanced course.
22. elicit(v)= extract= derive= obtain

‫درآوردن‬، ‫بیرون کشیدن‬
A lawyer will elicit all the facts necessary to prove her case.
23. eliminate (v)= delete= omit

‫ حذف‬،‫از بین بردن‬
Mistakes must be eliminated before you hand in a term paper.
24. elucidate(v)= explain= clarify

‫واضح کردن‬،‫روشن کردن‬
Professor’s explanation served to obscure rather than to elucidate the
theory.
25. emit(v)= to give out= send forth

‫بیرون فرستادن‬، ‫ساطع کردن‬
Radiation is emitted as a consequence of a nuclear reaction.
26. facet(n)= dimension= aspect

‫جنبه‬، ‫بعدی‬
The proposal had many professional facets.
27. fallacious(adj)= having errors= incorrect

‫فریبنده‬، ‫گمراه کننده‬
Her fallacious argument could not be defended.
28. favor(v)= to prefer

25
‫مورد تایید بودن‬، ‫لطف داشتن‬
The supervisor favored the first of the tow plans.
29. fascinate(v)= attract= absorb= engross

‫جذب کردن‬
The children were fascinated by the clown’s antics.
30. feat(n)= attainment= accomplishment

‫شاهکار‬
Man’s first landing on the moon was a feat of great daring.
31. generate(v)= to produce
‫پدید آوردن‬، ‫بوجود آوردن‬
The appearance of the dance troupe generated a lot of excitement.
32. gigantic(adj)= huge= enormous= titanic

‫بزرگ‬، ‫عظیم‬
Reaching the moon was the gigantic step in space exploration for
mankind.
33. gradually (adv)= steadily
‫آرام آرام‬
The bay has gradual deteriorated over the years.
34. gash(n)= a deep cut

‫بریدگی عمیق‬، ‫زخم عمیق‬
The gash above his eye required fifteen stitches.
35. gauche(adj)= impolite

‫بی کالس‬، ‫بی ادب‬

26
His gauche manner embarrassed his family.
36. handle(v)= manage= cope with= deal with

‫از عهده کار بر آمدن‬، ‫کنترل کردن‬
They handled themselves very well in the given circumstances.
37. haphazardly (adv)= arbitrarily= carelessly

‫تصادفی‬، ‫اهلل بختکی‬
It was obvious that the house was built haphazardly.
38. harbor(v)= shelter= house= to give protection

‫حمایت کردن‬، ‫پناه دادن‬
They harbored political refugee in their home.
39. hasty(adj)= hurried= rushed= impulsive

‫عجوالنه‬،‫شتابزده‬
After he had considered the problem more carefully, he regretted
having made such a hasty decision.
40. hazy(adj)= misty= foggy= cloudy= overcast

‫تیره وتار‬،‫مبهم‬
Because of the hazy weather, there were only a few sunbathers at the
beach
41. impressive(adj)= inspiring= effective= affecting

‫گیرا‬، ‫تکان دهنده‬،‫تحسین برانگیز‬
Lincoln’s power of persuasion was impressive
42. improperly(adv)= unsuitably= inappropriately

27
‫به طور اشتباه‬، ‫به طرز نامناسبی‬
The disappointing outcome was a result of an improperly
management.
43. impulsively(adv)= capriciously= spontaneously

‫بی اختیار‬، ‫بی مقدمه‬
She reacted impulsively to the loud noise.
44. imminent(adj)= impending, fast-approaching

‫قریب الوقوع‬
Unless it stops raining by tomorrow, a flood appears imminent.
45. impartial(adj)= unbiased= fair- minded

‫بی غرض‬، ‫بی طرف‬
Mr. William is a good referee; he is always as impartial as possible.
46. lack(n)= shortage= want= need

‫فقدان‬، ‫کمبود‬
There was an inordinate lack of rain last week
47. lasting(adj)= forever= enduring
‫پایدار‬، ‫با دوام‬
Kennedy left a lasting impression on the people who heard his inaugural
address.
48. launch(v)= establish

‫نقشه عملی کردن‬، ‫به راه انداختن‬
The company launched a new program to attract more clients.
49. legitimate (adj)= reasonable= lawful= authentic

‫منطقی‬، ‫معقول‬، ‫استدالل درست‬

28
The engineer had a legitimate reason for changing the design of the
building.
50. limber (adj)= flexible= agile

‫انعطاف پذیر‬، ‫نرم‬
The dancer has a limber body.
51. marvel (n)= wonder

‫مایه اعجاب‬، ‫معجزه‬، ‫شگفتی‬
The Great wall of China is one of the world’s marvels.
52. means (n)= ways= methods

‫وسیله‬، ‫راه‬، ‫روش‬
He was told to finish the job by any means available to him
53. measurable (adj)= assessable

‫قابل اندازه گیری‬، ‫سنجش پذیر‬
Some personal characteristics, such as good teaching, are not easily
measurable.
54. margin (n)= edge side= verge
‫لبه‬، ‫حاشیه‬
Dr. Briggs always writes her correction in the margins of her students
papers.
55. marshal (n)= a law officer

‫فرمانده کل قوا‬، ‫مارشال‬
The US marshal will carry out the orders of his court.
56. negligible (adj)= trivial= minor= insignificant

29
‫جزیی‬، ‫بی اهمیت‬
The presence of the first person singular in the poem was almost
negligible.
57. nevertheless (conj)= nonetheless= in spite of that

‫علی رغم اینکه‬
She was quite sick; nevertheless, she attended all of her cases.
58. nominal(adj)= trivial= moderate

‫ناچیز‬،‫اندک‬
The office building was sold at a nominal price.
59. normally(adv)= commonly, usually

‫به طور معمول‬، ‫در حالت عادی‬، ‫معمول‬
It is normally quite cold this time of the year.
60. Note (v) =to sense= detect

‫متوجه شدن به‬، ‫توجه کردن به‬
The doctor noted a small fracture in the patient’s finger.
61. Oblige (v) = require= compel= obligate

‫مجبور کردن‬،‫ملزم کردن‬
She obliged her friend to choose a new lab partner.
62. Observe (v) = notice= obey

‫رعایت کردن‬،‫مشاهده کردن‬
Human beings like to observe the behavior of monkeys.
63. Obtain (v) = gain= get= acquire

‫کسب کردن‬، ‫به دست آوردن‬

30
The university obtained a new particle accelerator
64. obviously (adv)= evidently

‫آشکارا‬
It had obviously rained.
65. occasionally (adv)= sometimes

‫گاهی اوقات‬
Extreme heat occasionally causes health problems.
66. particle (n)= fragment= tiny= bit

‫تکه‬، ‫ذره‬
Particles of dust can destroy electronic instruments.
67. particular (adj)= unusual= specific

‫ویژه‬، ‫مخصوص‬
The speaker has a particular way of persuading his audience.
68. partisan (adj)= biased= prejudiced

‫کورکورانه‬، ‫متعصبانه‬
Partisan political infighting caused congress’s influence to decline,
69. pass(v)= approve

‫الیحه گذراندن‬
The proposed amendment passed unanimously.
70. pattern (n)= design

‫الگو‬
The bright pattern of the monarch butterfly distracts its predators.

31
71. undeniably (adv)= absolutely

‫بی تردید‬
It is undeniable that he has skill, but needs to show more initiative
72. underestimated (adj)= miscalculated

‫بی ارزش‬/‫کم بها‬
The treasurer underestimated the cost of the new furniture
73. uniform (adj)= consistent

‫هماهنگ‬/ ‫یکدست‬/‫یکنواخت‬
Bread has a uniform texture
74. unique (adj)= unparalleled

‫بی نظیر‬
He was presented with a unique opportunity to attend the
conference.
75. unlikely (adj)= doubtful

‫باور نکردنی‬
Rain is unlikely during summer
76. unmistakable (adj)= undoubted

‫بی چون وچرا‬
The marking of the insect provided an unmistakable identification of
the species
77. unravel (v)= solve

‫حل کردن‬
The detective was not able to unravel the mystery.

32
78. unwarranted (adj)= unjustified

‫توجیه ناپذیر‬
His negative reaction was unwarranted
79. vague (adj)= unclear

‫نامعلوم‬/‫گنگ‬
She had only vague memories of her childhood
80. vanishing (adj)= disappearing

‫در حال نابودی‬
The red squirrel is a vanishing species that needs a protected habitat
to survive.
81. varied (adj)= diverse

‫گوناگون‬/‫متنوع‬
The class expressed varied opinions about the movie.
82. Vast (adj)= huge

‫پهناور‬
I have noticed a vast improvement in your English vocabulary.
83. vibrant (adj)= lively

‫سرزنده‬/‫پرهیجان‬
His vibrant personality made him well liked by everyone.
84. vigorous (adj)= powerful/ robust/ strong

‫شدید‬/ ‫قوی‬
His vigorous defense of the issues impressed everyone.

33
85. visibly (adv)= can be seen

‫به طور اشکار‬
Ken was visibly upset about his performance evaluation.
86. vital (adj)= essential

‫ضروری‬
Money is vital to the success of t quantity
‫ظرفیت‬/ ‫گنجایش‬
The volume of information that a computer diskette can hold is
astounding.
88. wanton (adj)= senseless

‫ناموجه‬/ ‫بی جهت‬/‫بی دلیل‬
Her wanton disregard of the rules was unexplainable.
89. widespread (adj)= extensive

‫گسترده‬
There is a widespread rumor that there will be no class next Sunday
90. wisdom (n)= insight
‫فرزانگی‬/‫شعور‬/‫عقل‬
It is often said that wisdom is the product of experience.
91. withstand (v)= resist

‫مقاومت کردن‬
She cannot withstand the pressure of her job.
92. witticism (n)= humor
‫خوشمزگی‬
His witticism captivated the audience

34
93. woo (v)= attract

‫نظر را جلب کردن‬
The directors tried to woo the support of the union.
94. worthwhile (adj)= rewarding

‫ارزشمند‬
It is worthwhile to prepare for the TOEFL
95. zenith (n)= pick

‫اوج‬
He reached the zenith of her profession at a very young age.
96. warily (adv)= carefully= watchfully= vigilantly

‫محافظه کارانه‬، ‫هوشیارانه‬
Since she was alone, she opened the door very warily, leaving ths chain lock
fastened.
97. warrant (n)= permission= license

‫ حکم‬،‫مجوز‬
The police have issued a warrant for his arrest.
98. waxy (adj)= pliable= flexible

‫انعطاف پذیر‬
The sculpture is still waxy enough to change it a little if you like.
99. wayward (adj)= headstrong= stubborn

‫خودسر‬
The camera followed the wayward flight of the seagull.

35
100. wile (n)= trick= craft

‫حیله‬، ‫نیرنگ‬
She used very wile that she could think of in order to trick him into
helping her.
‫ج‬-‫لغات عمومی سطح اول‬

1. Accentuate (v)=stress=emphasize
‫ مورد تاکید قرار دادن‬،‫ برجسته کردن‬،‫تاکید کردن‬
The colorful dress accentuated the joy of the occasion
2. acceptable (adj)=permissible =allowable =satisfactory

‫ قابل قبول‬،‫پذیرفتنی‬
The idea was acceptable to everyone.
The registrar accepted more applicants than he should have.
3. acclaim (v)=praise =applaud=laud

‫ مورد تشویق قرار دادن‬،‫تحسین کردن‬
Isaac stern has won acclaim abroad.
4. account (n)=1 .report 2.financial report

‫ گزارش مالی‬،‫ ماجرا را توضیح دادن‬،‫گزارش دادن‬
His account of the incident varied from that of the other witnesses.
We need an accounting of all the money that was spent.
5. accurate (adj)=precise =exact =correct
‫ دقیق‬،‫صحیح‬
She was able to make accurate observations with the new telescope.
36
6. Block(v)=obstruct=to prevent movement

‫ بازداشتن‬،‫متوقف کردن‬
The government blocked the sale of the airline.
7. Blur(v)=dim=obscure=cloud
‫ تیره کردن‬،‫تار کردن‬
The rain blurred everyone’s view of the valley.
8. brief (adj)=short
‫ کوتاه‬،‫خالصه‬
Solar eclipses are brief moments when the earth and moon cross the
sun’s fixed position in the solar system.
9. briliant(adj)=smart=radiant=bright=intelligent
‫ درخشان‬،‫ شفاف‬،‫ زیرک‬،‫باهوش‬
Einstein was a brilliant thinker.
10. broaden(v)=expand =enlarge

‫ وسعت بخشیدن‬،‫گسترش دادن‬
Iran and Italy has decided to expand their mutual cooperation.
11. burgeon(v)=thrive =flourish

‫ توسعه دادن‬،‫ رشد کردن‬،‫شکوفا شدن‬
His talent as a pianist burgeoned at the age of 14.
12. characterize(v)=clarify=specify=designate
‫ وصف کردن‬،‫توصیف کردن‬
I would characterize him as a diligent professional.
37
13. charisma(n)=appeal
‫ جذبه‬،‫هیبت‬
She has a charisma that no other candidate possesses.
14. chiefly(adv)=mostly
‫ بیش از هر چیز‬،‫در درجه اول‬
Houses are made chiefly of wood products.
15. circulate (v)=rotate=distribute

‫ پخش شدن‬،‫منتشر شدن‬
The news of the president’s visit circulated quickly throughout the
city.
16. clarify(v)=make clear=explain=dear up

‫ شرح دادن‬،‫روشن کردن‬
Chapter 2 in the textbook clarifies the process of photosynthesis.
17. delicate(adj)=fragile=easily broken=subtle
‫ ظریف‬،‫حساس‬
Because of its controversial nature, it was a challenge to discuss such
a delicate issue in public.
18. delighted (adj)=elated=happy=satisfied

‫ با نشاط‬،‫ خرسند‬،‫خوشحال‬
He was delighted with the results of the experiment.
19. demand (v)=insist=to ask for sth in a strong way

‫ خواستن‬،‫ خواستار شدن‬،‫درخواست کردن‬
She demanded to know the truth.
The employee›s demand for better working conditions caused the work
38
stoppage.
20. demonstration (n)=display=exhibition

‫ شرح‬،‫توضیح‬
The demonstration clarified the procedure for everyone.
21. dense (adj)=thick

‫ متراکم‬،‫غلیظ‬
The boating accident was caused by the dense fog.
22. endorse (v)=support=approve =advocate

‫ حمایت کردن‬،‫تایید کردن‬
The union endorsed the new contract.
23. endure (v)=preserve=to last=to bear =to suffer

‫ طاقت آوردن‬،‫تحمل کردن‬
How he is able to endure living next to the airport is beyond my
comprehension.
24. energetic (adj)=vigorous=full of energy
‫ پرانرژی‬،‫ پرتحرک‬،‫فعال‬
Sam hasn’t been as energetic as he usually is.
25. enhance (v)=-strengthen=heighten=promote=boost

‫ تقویت کردن‬،‫ باال بردن‬،‫افزایش دادن‬
Passing exam should enhance your chances of being admitted to
college.
26.enormous (adj)=tremendous =huge =immense
‫ هجیم‬،‫ هنگفت‬،‫کالن‬
His enormous wealth allows him to contribute to many charities.
39
27. feasible(adj)=practical=likely=possible
‫ منطقی‬،‫محتمل‬
It is a feasible design for the high-rise building.
28. feign(v)=to pretend =fake

‫ وانمود کردن‬،‫تظاهر کردن‬
She feigned illness when it was time to visit the dentist.
29. fertile(adj)=rich=productive
‫ بارور‬،‌‫حاصل خیز‬
The delta area of rivers are known for their fertile soil.
30. finance (v)=to provide money=budget

‫تامین اعتبار کردن‬
The art exhibition was financed by private foundation.
31. finite (adj)=limited
‫ متناهی‬،‫محدود‬
There were a finite number of explanations for the unusual reactions.
32. flaw(n)=fault=imperfection=defect
‫ نقص‬،‫ اشکال‬،‫عیب‬
There is a flaw in this theory.
33. gratifying (adj)=satisfying

‫ لذت‌بخش‬،‫ مایه خشنودی‬،‫مسرت‌بخش‬
Studying abroad can be a very gratifying experience.
34. harvest (v)=the corps gathered
‫برداشت محصول‬
The United States had a comparatively good grain harvest this year.
35. hasten (v)=accelerate=flurry=rush

40
‫ عجله کردن‬،‫ بخشیدن‬،‫سرعت‬
After notifying his family of the incident, he hastened to add that he
had not been hurt.
36. hazardous (adj)=perilous=dangerous =risky

‫ پرمخاطره‬،‫خطرناک‬
Handing flammable liquids is hazardous.
37. heighten (v)=intensify=increase=enhance =promote

‫ ارتقا دادن‬،‫ باال بردن‬،‫افزایش یافتن‬
Avery successful interview can heighten a candidate›s chances to get
a job.
38. hero (n)=idol=a person remembered for an act of goodness or
bravery.
‫ پهلوان‬،‫قهرمان‬
He is a hero in the eyes of his admirers.
39. highlight (v)=accentuate=emphasize=underline

‫ برجسته کردن‬،‫تاکید کردن‬
The manual highlights basic operation of the videotape player
40. hue (n)=color

‫رنگ‬
The hue of the sunset was beautiful.
41. inaccessible (َadj)=remote=unreachable= unattainable
‫ دست نیافتی‬،‫دور از دسترس‬
The summit of the mountain was inaccessible.
42. inactive (adj)=idle=not moving

41
‫غیرفعال‬
The virus remains inactive for a long period of time.
43. inadvertently (adv)=unintentionally

‫ تصادفی‬،‫ به طور غیرعمدی‬،‫سهوا‬
The reporters had inadvertently failed to include the name of one of
the dignitaries.
44. indeed (adv)=truly=certainly

‫ به راستی‬،‫در واقع‬
Did he indeed go to infirmary?
45.indiscriminate (adj)=haphazard=random=arbitrary
‫ بدون هدف‬،‫ تصادفی‬،‫اتفاقی‬
The indiscriminate arrangement of the products made the store
confusing.
46. inevitable (adj)=unavoidable=inexorable=unpreventable

‫ اجتناب‌پذیر‬،‫ ناگزیر‬،‫ناچار‬
When two weather systems meet, unsettled weather conditions are
inevitable.
47. mediocre(adj)=average=commonplace=ordinary
‫ پیش پا افتاده‬،‫معمولی‬
This is a mediocre research report.
48. mention (v)=remark=to say=relate in written form
‫ ذکر کردن‬،‫ اشاره کردن‬،‫یادآور شدن‬
Theater-goers often mention that they enjoy watching movies on a
large screen.
42
49. minuscule (adj)=tiny=very small
‫ جزیی‬،‫ کم‬،‫کوچک‬
The sale of the building had a minuscule effect on the profits of the
corporation.
50. miraculously (adv)=astonishingly =extraordinarily

‫به طور معجزه‌آسا‬
Miraculously, he was unharmed after being hit by lightening.
51. mirror (v)=reflect

‫منعکس کردن‬
The results of the study mirror public opinion.
52. moderate (adj)=medium=not too little

‫ عادی‬،‫معمولی‬
She made the best of her moderate dancing ability.
52. motion(n)=mobility=movement
‫ جنبش‬،‫ تحرک‬،‫حرکت‬
The motion of the flame was hypnotic.
53. mysterious (adj)=baffling=bewildering=puzzling

‫ اسرارآمیز‬،‫مرموز‬
He had a mysterious effect on everyone who heard him speak.
54. notion (n)=concept=thought
‫ فکر‬،‫ عقیده‬،‫نظر‬
She has the notion that she wants to become an architect.
43
55.novel (adj)=original=unfamiliar
‫جدید‬
The physicist had some novel ideas about traveling at the speed of
light
56. odd (adj)=unusual=strange

‫ عجیب‬،‫ خاص‬،‫غیرعادی‬
It is odd to find a person who speaks many languages.
57. Omit (v) =to leave out =neglect =delete

‫ از قلم انداختن‬،‫حذف کردن‬
He inadvertently omitted some important data from the report.
58. ongoing (adj)=continuing=current=in progress

‫ فعلی‬،‫ جاری‬،‫در دست اقدام‬
Maintaining roads is an ongoing job.
The tutoring project is an ongoing program of the school.
59. opposition(n)=disapproval=resistance
‫ مقاومت‬،‫مخالفت‬
The students voiced their opposition to the rise in tuition.
60. outlandish (adj)=bizarre =queer=odd

‫ عجیب و غریب‬،‫ ناجور‬،‫زننده‬
His outlandish ideas demonstrated his creativity.
61 .overcome (v) =prevail
‫ پیروز شدن بر‬،‫ غلبه کردن بر‬،‫غالب آمدن‬
The young woman was overcome with emotion when she learned she
had won a scholarship.

44
62. Overlook (v) =disregard=ignore

‫ چشم پوشیدن از‬،‫نادیده گرفتن‬
Scientists must not overlook any aspect of experimental procedure
63. overtly (adv)=openly

‫ بی‌پرده‬،‫ آشکارا‬،‫علنا‬
He overtly disregarded regulations.
64. peculiar (adj)=strange =odd =unusual

‫ غیرعادی‬،‫عجیب‬
The plastic has a peculiar texture.
65. perilous (adj)=dangerous

‫ مخاطره آمیز‬،‫خطرناک‬
It is perilous to exceed the speed limit
66. periodically(adv)=sometimes=occasionally
‫ هرازگاهی‬،‫ گاهی‬،‫متناوبا‬
Some materials periodically demonstrate unusual behavior when
frozen.
67. perceive (v)=observe=to sense =to become aware of

‫ پی بردن‬،‫ مشاهده کردن‬،‫متوجه شدن‬
We perceive major differences between the two political parties.
68. persistent (adj)=constant=incessant=insistent
‫ مستمر‬،‫ بی‌وقفه‬،‫دائم‬
The attorney’s persistent questioning weakened the witness.
45
69. persuade(v)=convince=urge=prompt=entice
‫ قانع کردن‬،‫ ترغیب کردن‬،‫متقاعد کردن‬
They could not persuade their critics to see their point of view.
70. petition(v)=to make a request=appeal=plead=apply

‫ درخواست کردن‬،‫تقاضا کردن‬
Canada petitioned the United Nations to consider its case.
71. phenomena (n)=events=circumstances=facts
‫ رخدادها‬،‫پدیده‌ها‬
Rain showers are almost unknown phenomena in the Atacama Desert
of Chile.
72. philanthropic (adj)=humanitarian=humane=altruistic

‫ انسان دوستانه‬،‫بشردوستانه‬
The philanthropic work of the foundation benefits all sectors of
society.
73. pier (n)=dock

‫ بارانداز‬،‫اسکله‬
The submarine arrived at the pier on time.
74. refine (v)=to make pure =filter=purify

‫ پاالیش کردن‬،‫تصفیه کردن‬
Factories must refine oil before it can be used as fuel.
75. reflection (n)=image

.‫ انعکاس‬،‫تصویر‬
His bright smile was a reflection of his satisfaction.
46
76. reject (v)=to refuse =to defy
‫رد کردن‬
The insurance company rejected the claim.
77. relate (v)=communicate =connect

‫ مربوط بودن‬،‫ربط داشتن‬
Although they did not agree with the plan, they did not relate their
opposition to it .
78. release (v)=set free,issue,publish,hand out
‫ آزاد کردن‬،‫ منتشر کردن‬،‫پخش کردن‬
A new movie was just released.
79. reliably(adv)=dependably
‫به طور قابل اعتمادی‬
An appliance must perform its task reliably to be popular with
consumers.
80. relinquish (v)=abdicate=give up

‫ منصرف شدن‬،‫دست کشیدن از‬
The troubled executive relinquished his control of the company.
81 .reluctantly(adv)=unwillingly=hesitatingly
‫ با اکراه‬،‫با بی‌میلی‬
Although not completely satisfied with the contract, the officials
reluctantly agreed to sign it.
82. remarkable(adj)=exceptional
‫ چشمگیر‬،‫فوق‌العاده‬
The invention of the radio was a remarkable achievement.
47
83. renown(n)=fame=reputation=celebrity
‫ شهرت‬،‫آوازه‬
The school is of great renown.
84. replace(v)=substitute
‫جایگزین کردن‬
They have replaced all of the old office equipment.
85. reportedly(adv)=rumored=supposedly
‫ به طوری که رایج است‬،‫بنا به گزارش‬
The students reportedly sent a representative, but she has not arrived
yet.
86. security(n)=safety
‫امنیت‬
Her sense of security increased as her grades improved
87. selective (adj)=discriminating=carefully chosen

‫ سخت‌گیر‬،‫مشکل‌پسند‬
They were very selective when they chose the members of the academic
team.
88. sensitive(adj)=delicately=irritably
‫ ظریف‬،‫حساس‬
This equipment is very sensitive to changes in temperature.
89. settle (v)=1 .resolve .2.inhabit

‫ مقیم شدن‬،‫ ساکن شدن‬،‫حل و فصل کردن‬
People arriving from the south settled in California.
48
90. severe (adj)=harsh=intense
‫ سخت‬،‫ شدید‬،‫طاقت‌فرسا‬
The weather service issued a severe storm warning for most of
Michigan.
91. shallow (adj)=superficial

‫ کم‬،‫کم‌عمق‬
Estuaries are typically shallow bodies of water.
92. sharply (adv)=quickly

‫ به طور ناگهانی‬،‫یک مرتبه‬
Car prices rose sharply over the past year.
93. shed (v)=discard

‫ بیرون انداختن‬،‫جدا کردن‬
In order to grow, crabs must shed their shells.
94. sheltered (adj)=guarded

‫ سختی نکشیده‬،‫ امن‬،‫محفوظ‬
She has led a sheltered life since her parents have done everything for
her.
95. shift (v)=switch

‫ دگرگونی‬،‫تغییر‬
The shift in the wind was helpful to the sailors.
96. situated (adj)=located
‫ واقع شدن بودن بر‬،‫قرار داشتن‬
The resort town of Cancun is situated in the northern part of the
Yucatan peninsula.
49
97. transport (v)=carry

‫حمل کردن‬
Flying is not always the fastest way to transport passengers to their
destination.
98. trap(v)=retain
‫ گرفتن‬،‫گیر انداختن‬
I was trapped into paying for the meals.
99. treasury (n)=bank=source

‫ خزانه‬،‫ گنجینه‬،‫منبع سرشار‬
The treasury was under pressure to lower interest rates.
100. triumph(n)=achievement
‫ کامیابی‬،‫ موفقیت‬،‫پیروزی‬
His career was characterized by one triumph after another.
‫د‬-‫لغات عمومی سطح اول‬

1. acknowledge (v)=admit=concede
‫ تصدیق کردن‬،‫اعتراف کردن‬
The foreman acknowledged the fact that there had been a mistake in
the design of the house.

50
2. Acquire(v)=obtain=gain
‫ کسب کردن‬،‫بدست آوردن‬
He acquired two beautiful paintings during his visit to Taipei.
3. Actually(adv)=truly
‫ به درستی‬،‫واقعا‬
They were actually very good players.
4. Advanced(adj)=progressive =developed
‫ مترقی‬،‫پیشرفته‬
Advanced technology is changing the world
5. Advantage(n)=benefit=superiority
‫ مزیت‬،‫سود‬
Is there any advantage in arriving early?
6. Advent(n)=appearance
‫ ظهور‬،‫پیدایش‬
With the advent of computers many tasks have been made easier.
7. Adverse(adj)=unfavorable
‫ ناسازگار‬،‫مخالف‬
Adverse weather conditions made it difficult to play the game.
8. Advice(n)=suggestion
‫ نصیحت‬،‫توصیه‬
Good advice is hard to find
9. Affordable(adj)=available
51
‫ قابل تهیه‬،‫قابل خرید‬
The new dictionary is quite affordable.
10. aggravating(adj)=irritating
‫ ناراحت کننده‬،‫آزاردهنده‬
The aggravating delay was caused by road repairs.
11. agile(adj)=nimble=quick moving

‫ چابک‬،‫سریع‬
Deer are very agile animals.
12. agitate(v)=disturb=annoy=upset
‫ مشوش کردن‬،‫نگران کردن‬
The fact that she had not arrived by midnight agitated her parents.
13. albeit(conj)=despite=although
‫ علیرغم‬،‫اگرچه‬
His trip was successful ,albeit tiring.
14. allocation(n)=distribution =allotment

‫ سهم‬،‫سهمیه‬
His allocation of materials was gradually used up.
15. alter(v)=change=switch
‫تغییر دادن‬
Will the storm alter its course and miss the coast?
16. classify(v)=arrange =categorize
‫ رده‌بندی کردن‬،‫طبقه‌بندی کردن‬
Biologists classify life forms into many branches.
17. clever(adj)=astute=intelligent
‫ هوشمندانه‬،‫هنرمندانه‬
52
Everyone appreciated his clever idea.
18. coarse(adj)=tough=rough
‫ خشن‬،‫زبر‬
Sandpaper is an extremely coarse material.
19. coherent(adj)=logical=rational
‫ منطقی‬،‫ واضح‬،‫منسجم‬
It was a well _balanced ,coherent representation.
20. commonplace(adj)=ordinary=mediocre
‫ پیش پا افتاده‬،‫ عادی‬،‫معمولی‬
Soon it will be commonplace to see the person whom you are talking on
the phone.
21. comparatively(adv)=relatively
‫ در مقایسه‬،‫نسبتا‬
It was comparatively easy for him to learn baseball because he had
been a cricket player.
22. compel(v)=force
‫ واداشتن‬،‫مجبور کردن‬
The representatives were compelled to vote in favor of the legislation
despite their personal opposition to it.
23. complex(adj)=complicated
‫ دشوار‬،‫پیچیده‬
The businessmen astutely approached the complex production
problem.
53
24. conceal(v)=hide=cover
‫ مخفی کردن‬،‫پنهان کردن‬
The students concealed their feelings about the course.
25. conceivably(adv)=possibly
‫ به احتمال زیاد‬،‫احتماال‬
They could conceivably earn first place with their science project.
26. condensed(adj)=shortened=merged
This is a condensed version of the original research report.
27. confidential(adj)=secret=private
‫محرمانه‬
We were told that the information is strictly confidential.
28. deplete(v)=consume =to use up
‫ ته رساندن‬،‫تمام کردن‬
She depleted all of her savings to buy the word processor.
29. destroy(v)=ruin=devastate=demolish
‫ نابود کردن‬،‫خراب کردن‬
The factory was destroyed by the fire .
30. detect(v)=find out=discover

‫ پی بردن به چیزی‬،‫متوجه چیزی شدن‬
He detected a smile on his friends face .
31. determined (adj)=resolute=decisive

‫ قطعی‬،‫مصمم‬
They were determined to go to graduate school

54
32. develope(v)=to increase =to grow

‫ کامل کردن‬،‫ باز کردن‬،‫بسط دادن‬
The management team developed the idea over a period of years
33. dictate (v)=impose
‫تحمیل کردن‬
The workers were not in a position to dictate demands to management
34. dignitary(n)=official=notable
‫مقام عالی‌رتبه‬
Every dignitary in Washington was invited to the wedding.
35.dim(adj)=faint=week=feeble
‫ کم‌نور‬،‫ضعیف‬
The light was too dim for studying.
36.disapproval(n)=objection
‫ مخالفت‬،‫عدم تایید‬
Their disapproval of the plan caused the experiment to be abandoned.
37.enrich(v)=strengthen=improve
‫ پربار کردن‬،‫غنی کردن‬
The fine arts enrich our lives.
38.entirely(adv)=completely=thoroughly
‫ به تمامی‬،‫کامال‬
You were entirely wrong about the issue
39.erode(v)=deteriorate=wear away=corrode
55
‫ تضعیف کردن‬،‫فرسایش دادن‬
The senator›s support is eroding because of his unpopular positions
on the major issues.
40 .erratic(adj)=inconsistent=unstable
‫ عجیب و غریب‬،‫نامتعادل‬
The artist,s paintings have an erratic quality, some being excellent ,and
others mediocre.
41. evaporate(v)= to vanish

‫ ناپدید شدن‬،‫از بین رفتن‬
The chances of the two sides reaching an agreement have evaporated.
42. even(adj)=regular
‫ یکنواخت‬،‫منظم‬
The sound is not even ,turn up the left speaker.
43.evident(adj)=apparent
‫ معلوم‬،‫آشکارا‬
It is evident that you are not feeling well.
44.exaggerate(v)=overstate
‫ اغرق کردن‬،‫مبالغه کردن‬
The federal government exaggerated the success of its programs.
45.exceedingly(adv)=extremely
‫ بی‌نهایت‬،‫بسیار‬
In tropical zone it is exceedingly hot and humid.
46.exceptional(adj)=phenomenal
‫ فوق‌العاده‬،‫ عالی‬،‫استثنایی‬
The orchestra’s performance was exceptional.

56
47.exclusively(adv)=restrictively
‫منحصرا‬
This room is used exclusively by the faculties.
48.exemplify(v)=symbolize
‫ بودن‬... ‫ مثال‬،‫ بودن‬... ‫نمونه‬
The recent downturn in the housing industry exemplifies the poor
economic conditions.
49.exhaust(v)=deplete=use up
‫به اتمام رساندن‬
They exhausted energy in ten minutes.
50.flourishing(adj)=thriving=growing
‫ شکوفا‬،‫پررونق‬
Small flourishing companies would be harmed by an increase in the
minimum wage.
51.forbid(v)=ban=prohibit
‫ قدغن کردن‬،‫ممنوع کردن‬
His father will forbid him to use the car.
52.forfeit(v)=to give up
‫ قربانی کردن‬،‫ از دست دادن‬،‫تاوان دادن‬
Usually you must forfeit your native country’s citizenship to become a
citizen of another country.
53.formidable(adj)=overwhelming=daunting
57
‫ سرسخت‬،‫ دشوار‬،‫مشکل‬
Their formidable opponents gave no sign of weakness.
54.found (v)=set up=establish

‫ بنا کردن‬،‫بنیاد گذاشتن‬
The wealthy woman founded a hospital in her hometown.
55.frail(adj)=fragile=vulnerable
‫ ضعیف‬،‫سست‬
The frail wings of the newborn bird could not lift it off the ground.
56.freshly(adv)=recently
‫ جدید‬،‫تازگی‬
Freshly harvested produce is hard to find in the winter months.
57.function(n)=role
‫ وظیفه‬،‫ عمل‬،‫کار‬
58.fundamental(adj)=essential
‫ بنیادی‬،‫اساسی‬
The student government promised fundamental changes in the
registration process.
59.infancy (n)=beginning =commencement

‫ طفولیت‬،‫مرحله ابتدایی‬
The new theory is in its infancy and will be thoroughly tested by its
critics .
60.influence (v)=affect=impact
‫تاثیر گذاشتن‬
He was unable to influence his friend’s decision.
58
61.infrequently(adv)=rarely=occasionally
‫ گاه گاه‬،‫به ندرت‬
Tornadoes occur infrequently in the eastern part of the united states.
62.ingredient(n)=element
‫ اجزا‬،‫ترکیب‬
The ingredient of the products are kept secret.
63.initiate (v)=launch=commence
‫ ابداع کردن‬،‫شروع کردن‬
The newcomers initiated the long citizenship process.
64.innovative(adj)=creative=inventive
‫ ابداعی‬،‫ابتکاری‬
The innovative project is worthy of support.
65.inordinate (adj)=excessive
‫ زیاد از حد‬،‫بیش از اندازه‬
The airlines had to cancel an inordinate number of flights due to the
fog.
66.insignificant (adj)=meaningless =unimportant

‫ بی‌اهمیت‬،‫ناچیز‬
The amount of rainfall this summer has been insignificant.
67.instantly(adv)=immediately
‫ بی‌درنگ‬،‫فورا‬
The computer finished the job instantly.
68.intensify(v)=heighten=strengthen
59
‫ افزایش دادن‬،‫تشدید کردن‬
The importance of the test will sometimes intensify the nervousness
of the students.
69.placid(adj)=quiet=calm=coolheaded
‫ خونسرد‬،‫آرام‬
The placid nature of her personality made her easy to work with.
70.plentiful(adj)=abundant=ample=copious
‫فراوان‬
Examples of Mire’s art are plentiful.
71.poll(n)=survey sampling
‫نظرسنجی‬
The poll indicated that conversation of the environment was the
number on issue with college students.
73.portray(v)=depict
‫ نقش کسی را بازی کردن‬،‫توصیف کردن‬
The girl portrayed an orphan.
74.position(n)=location
‫موقعیت‬
He had a very high position in the firm.
75.postpone(v)=delay=adjourn
‫به تاخیر انداختن‬
The teacher postponed the lab experiment.
60
76.potent (adj)=powerful
‫ تنومند‬،‫ محکم‬،‫قوی‬
He gave a potent speech at the convention.
77.practical(adj)=functional
‫ کاربردی‬،‫عملی‬
Her ambitious plan was not very practical.
78.precarious(adj)=hazardous
‫ پرمخاطره‬،‫خطرناک‬
The driver put himself in precarious situation among the sharks.
79.precious(adj)= worthwhile
‫ قیمتی‬،‫گران‌بها‬
This golden ring is my most precious possession.
80.preconception(n)=bias=prejudice
‫ پیش‌داوری‬،‫تعصب‬
It is difficult to overcome preconceptions if we are not open to new
ideas.
81 .predictably(adv)=expectedly
‫طبق انتظار‬
She predictably forgot to do her assignment.
82.predominant(adj)=main=chief
‫ اصلی‬،‫عمدتا‬
The predominant export of middle east is oil.
83.presumably(adv)=probably
61
‫احتماال‬
The old wreck was presumably located to the southwest of Florida.
84.prevalent(adj)=general=commonplace
‫ متداول‬،‫رایج‬
Comfortable trade winds are prevalent in the Caribbean islands.
85.prime(adj)=to make ready

‫آماده کردن‬
The directors primed the actors before performance .
86.requisite (adj)=required
‫ بایسته‬،‫ ضروری‬،‫الزم‬
Here is the list of requisite courses for the master›s degree in biology
87.resilient(adj)=tenacious
‫انعطاف‌پذیر‬
She has a resilient personality and wiil soon feel better.
88.restore(v)=revitalize
‫ مرمت کردن‬،‫برگرداندن‬
He restored my confidence in him.
89.retrieve(v)=regain=recover
‫ باز یافتن‬،‫باز بدست آوردن‬
Will Detroit retrieve its status as the car manufacturing center of the
World?
90.reveal(v)=disclose =exhibit
‫ پرده برداشتن‬،‫آشکار کردن‬
The president revealed some of his ideas before he gave his speech.
91.rhythm(n)=pulse 62
‫ ضرب آهنگ‬،‫ریتم‬
The rhythm of the rain hitting the roof put him to sleep.
92.rigid(adj)=stiff=strict
‫ سخت‌گیری‬،‫سرسخت‬
The teacher was very rigid in his ideas about class attendance.
93.robust (adj)=vigorous =energetic
‫ قدرتمند‬،‫خوش بنیه‬
The robust economy is expected to continue growing quickly.
94.routinely(adv)=regularly
‫ به طور همیشگی‬،‫به طور عادی‬
She routinely gets a physical examination.
95.solid(adj)=steady
‫ معتمد‬،‫قابل اعتماد‬
The lawyer for the defense portrayed his client as a man of solid
integrity.
96.solve (v)=resolve
)‫حل کردن (مسئله‬
They solved the problem in a way that benefited the entire
neighborhood.
97.somewhat(adv)=slightly
‫ نسبتا‬،‫تا حدودی‬
They feel somewhat tired after the mile run.
98.spacious(adj)=expansive
63 ‫ جادار‬،‫وسیع‬
The spacious plains of the Midwest make up the nation›s breadbasket.
99.span(v)=cover
‫ دربر گرفتن‬،‫شامل شدن‬
The old man›s life spanned two centuries.
100.spontaneous(adj)=instinctive
‫ بی‌مقدمه‬،‫خود به خود‬
The spontaneous combustion inside the cylinder creates the power of
the motor.
‫مجموعه آزمون‌های ‪EPTMSRT‬‬
‫‪64‬‬
‫‪65‬‬
‫افعال عمومی سطح ‪2‬‬
‫افعال عمومی سطح دو‬
69
Aloof (adj): distant, apart, reserved.
‫ دور افتاده‬،‫ جدا‬، ‫دور‬
Ex: Although many people sat this is a propitious time to invest
in the stock market, there is a tenable argument for remaining
aloof.
Altruistic (adj): unselfish.

‫ نوع دوستانه‬،‫ایثارگرانه‬
Ex: The good-hearted doctor went into the jungle purely for
altruistic reason.
Ambiguous (adj): vague, undefined, not specific.

‫ دوپهلو‬،‫مبهم‬
Ex: To those who could understand every nuance of the cryptic
message, there was nothing ambiguous about it.
Ameliorate (v): improve, relieve

‫ بهتر کردن‬،‫بهبود بخشیدن‬
Ex: If you heap opprobrium on an impious child, it probably will
not ameliorate the conditions which led to the rebelliousness.
Amicable (adj): friendly, peaceful.

‫ صلح آمیز‬،‫ صلح‌جویانه‬،‫ گرم‬،‫دوستانه‬
Ex: Our amicable relations with Latin America are an asset to
hemispheric trade.
Amnesty (n): a general pardon

‫عفو عمومی‬
Ex: We recognized that dictator’s amnesty as an obvious feint
which would be withdrawn after Christmas.
Amorous (adj): full of love 70

‫ رومانتیک‬،‫ عاشق پیشه‬،‫عاشقانه‬
Ex: A landmark in the history of amorous drama is Romeo and
Juliet.
Analogous (adj): comparable, similar.

‫ مشابه‬،‫ قابل مقایسه‬،‫ هم تراز‬،‫قابل قیاس‬
Ex: although the lawyer acknowledged that the two cases were
hardly analogous, he still felt that he had a good precedent on
his side.
Anathema (n): something greatly detested.

‫ منفور‬،‫ مطرود‬،‫حکم تکفیر‬
Ex: The traitor’s name was anathema in his father’s domicile.
Annals (n) historical records.

‫ رکودهای تاریخی‬،‫سالنامه‬
Ex: the annals of sports are replete with the names of great black
athletes.
Anomaly (n): irregularity, abnormality

‫ اختالل‬،‫ نابه‌هنجاری‬،‫ ناهنجاری‬،‫بی قاعدگی‬
Ex: Siamese twins are considered a birth anomaly.
Anthropologist (n): an expert in the study of the races, beliefs,

customs, etc. of mankind
‫ مردم شناس‬،‫انسان شناس‬
Ex: Margaret Mead, the famous anthropologist fascinated
thousands of readers with her studies of South Seas islanders.
71
Antipathy (n): dislike, distaste, hate.
‫ تنفر‬،‫ انزجار‬،‫بیزاری‬
Ex: Her antipathy towards men was based on rather nebulous
events which she construed to prove that they were all perfidious.
Antiquated (adj): out-of-date, obsolete.

‫ منسوخ‬،‫ قدیمی‬،‫کهنه‬
Ex: Is it banal to say that good manner are antiquated in our
milieu?
Antithesis (n): exact opposite

‫ نقطه متقابل‬،‫ متضاد‬،‫ آنتی تز‬،‫ضد تقابل‬
Ex: Len, the gregarious twin, was the antithesis of Lon, the reticent
one.
Bias (n): prejudice

‫ پیشداوری‬،‫ تعصب‬،‫غرض ورزی‬
Ex: The bigots bias precipitated a fistfight.
Bigot (n) : a person who is intolerant of other people or ideas

‫ کوته فکر‬،‫ مرتجمع‬،‫ متعصب‬،‫متحجر‬
Ex: One politician a notorious bigot, hopes to get support as
a presidential candidate on the basias of his prejudices and
intolerance.
Ex2: Attacked by the irate crowd, the bigot asked the police for
sanctuary.
Bizarre (adj): odd, peculiar, strange, weird 72

‫ نابهنجار‬،‫ غیرمتعارف‬،‫ غیرعادیف غیرمعمول‬،‫عجیب و غریب‬
Ex: it wouldbe rather bizarre for a young man to come to school
wearing a dress.
Ex2: : Most of us scoff at and belittle bizarre behavior.
Blasé (US) (adj): indifferent, not responsive to excitement.

‫ سرد‬،‫ بی‌تفاوت‬،‫ بی‌اعتنا‬،‫دلزده‬
Ex: People have become so blasé about the once thrilled, now
mundance flights into space
Blatant (adj): disagreeably loud, very showy, shameless.

‫ شرم‌آور‬،‫ بی شرمانه‬،‫وقیحانه‬
Ex: With blatant discourtesy the reporters continued to harass
the bereaved family.
Bliss (n): happiness, pleasure

‫ خوشبختی‬،‫ لذت‬،‫ خوشی‬،‫سعادت‬
Ex: Oh what bliss called be seen in the eyes of the ardent couple
as they announced their engagement.
Blunt (adj): plain-spoken

‫ بی‌پرده‬،‫ صریح‬،‫ [سخن] رک‬،‫ فحاش‬،‫[شخص] رک‌گو‬
Ex: : A string of caustic epithets was directed at the recruit by his
blunt sergeant.
Bogus (adj): counterfeit, fake

‫ جعلی‬،‫ دروغی‬،‫قالبی‬
Ex: He had the audacity to try to foist a bogus dollars on me.
73
Bona fide (adj): genuine
‫ اصیل‬،‫ با اصالت‬،‫واقعی‬
Ex: When we saw the hundreds of bona fide petitions, we realized
that the number of people who supported the candidate was
legion.
Brash (adj): impudent

‫ جور‬،‫ بی‌ادب‬،‫ گستاخ‬،‫پررو‬
Ex: My mother liked the salesman’s brash personality, but he
irritated most people.
Brigand (n): robber, bandit

‫ گردنه‌گیر‬،‫ درد‬،‫ سارق‬،‫راهزن‬
Ex: they captured the brigand, and he was incarcerated for a
mandatory period.
Bristle (v): stiffen with fear or anger

‫ میخکوب شدن‬،‫مو به تن کسی راست شدن‬
Ex: Upon seeing the snake, the cat began to bristle with fear.
Buff (n): a fan, follower

‫طرفدار‬
Ex: The fireman did not have to cajole the enthusiastic buff into
helping them extinguish the blaze.
Bulwark (n): protection

‫ حفاظت‬،‫ محافظت‬،‫حمایت‬
Ex: Some feel that the United States should be a bulwark to the
inchoate to the democracies around the world.
Burgeon (v): flourish, grow 74

‫ رشد کردن‬،‫شکوفا شدن‬
Ex: While some moribund economies atrophied after world war II,
others burgeoned under the salubrious effects of loans from the
U.S.
Cache (n): Secret hiding place.

‫مخیفگاه‬
Ex: Through a fortuitous remark, the cache of the art thieves was
discovered.
Celerity (n): speed, rapidity

‫ شتاب‬،‫ سرعت‬،‫چابکی‬
Ex: He accepted the lucrative position with celerity.
Cessation (n): stopping

‫وقفه‬
Ex: The cessation of the bombing in Yugoslavia was urged by the
Pope.
Ex2: The cessation of the shooting was replete with benefits for
both sides.
Chagrin (n): feeling of disappointment, humiliation

‫ تأسف‬،‫ آزردگی‬،‫ تلخ کامی‬،‫رنجش‬
Ex: To the chagrin of many taxpayers, some citizens seem to
cheat the government with impunity.
Charisma (n): quality of leadership inspiring enthusiasm.

‫ جبروت‬،‫ ابهت‬،‫جذبه‬
Ex: Even those who were not fans of the movie star candidly
admitted the charisma that surrounded him.
75
Charlatan (n): pretender, fraud
‫ کالهبردار‬،‫ شیاد‬،‫دکتر قالبی‬
Ex: They could discern that the faith healer was a charlatan.
Chicanery (n): trickery, underhandedness

‫ فریبکاری‬،‫ تباتی‬،‫پنهان‌کاری‬
Ex: The reporter divulged the blatant chicanery involved in the
awarding of the contract.
Chimerical (adj): visionary, imaginary, fantastic

‫ موهوم‬،‫ به دور از واقعیت‬،‫ رویایی‬،‫خیالی‬
Ex: The scheme sounded chimerical, but we were indoctrinated
to believe that if could work.
Clandestine: (adj) secret, undercover

‫سری‬
ّ ،‫ دزدکی‬،‫مخفیانه‬
Ex: The spies thought their meeting was a clandestine one, but
throng of F.B.I. agents gathered outside the buildings.
Cliche (n): a commonplace phrase

‫ حرف‌های مبتذل‬،‫ حرف تکراری‬،‫ خشکه عبارت‬،‫کلیشه‬
Ex: If you juxtapose clichés with another, you often get
completely opposite lemons about life.
Clique (n): small, exclusive group of people

‫ گروه‬،‫ باند‬،‫ دار و دسته‬،‫جرگه‬
Ex: It is not long before a young star has a clique around him
who sporadically get their names into the newspapers.
Coerce (v): force 76

‫ بازداشتن‬،‫مجبور کردن‬
Ex: The elusive fugitive was coerced by his attorney into
surrendering.
Cogent (adj): forceful, convincing, persuasive

‫ گوینده‬،‫ شدید‬،‫ قانع کننده‬،‫محکم‬
Ex: The best debater makes the most cogent presentation.
Cognized (adj) aware

‫ باخبر‬،‫ مطلع‬،‫ خبردار‬،‫آگاه‬
Ex: F.B.I. was cognizant of clandestine gangland meeting.
Comely (adj): beautiful, handsome

‫ جذاب‬،‫ خوش قیافه‬،‫زیبا‬
Ex: He was reticent about revealing his Clandestine meetings with
a comely young, girl counselor at the camp.
Commodious (adj): large, spacious

‫ بزرگ‬،‫جادار‬
Ex: In his sumptuous house he had a commodious den in which
he kept an array of trophies as incontrovertible evidence of his
skill.
Discreet (adj): careful, cautious, prudent

‫ دقیق‬،‫ دوراندیش‬،‫ آینده‌نگر‬،‫ محتاط‬،‫عاقل‬
Ex: Despite the plethora of efforts to write her life story, the
recently divorced movie queen kept a discreet silences.
77
Disdain (n): contempt
‫ خواری‬،‫ ذلت‬،‫ تحقیر‬،‫حقارت‬
Ex: When the curtain came dawn, the critic›s face registered the
disdain she felt for the lackluster play.
Disgruntled (adj): unhappy, displeased

‫ ناخشنود‬،‫ عصبانی‬،‫ناراضی‬
Ex: It is the prevalent mood for youngsters to be disgruntled
with the world situation.
Disheveled (adj): disorderly clothing of hair

‫ کثیف‬،‫ نامرتب‬،‫ژولیده‬
Ex: The nondescript, indolent beggar was in a disheveled
condition.
Dismantle (v): strip of covering, take apart

‫ پیاده کردن‬،‫ از هم جدا کردن‬،‫[قطعات] از هم باز کردن‬
Ex: I plan to dismantle the stereo set and clean all the
components.
Disparage (v): discredit, belittle

‫ ناچیز شمردن‬،‫ تحقیر کردن‬،‫کوچک شمردن‬
Ex: The affluent storeowner disparaged the efforts of his small
competitor, saying that he could always tolerate that kind of
rivalry.
Disparate (adj): different

‫ متفاوت‬،‫ بی‌شباهت‬،‫مختلف‬
Ex: Regardless of how disparate their crimes were, all the
prisoners were freed by general amnesty.
Disperse (v): scatter, spread, break up 78

‫ پخش کردن‬،‫ گستردن‬،‫پراکندن‬
Ex: The fluffy seeds of the milkweed are dispersed by the wind.
Disseminate (v): spread, scatter

‫ پخش کردن‬،‫ گستردن‬،‫ افشاندن‬،‫پراکندن‬
Ex: we are quick to disseminate calumny, but reticent about things
that may be construed as compliments.
Dissent (v): differ, disagree, protest

‫ معترض بودن‬،‫ متفاوت بودن‬،‫ توافق نداشتن‬،‫اختالف عقیده داشتن‬
Ex: The gist of his ominous suggestion was that we dissent from
the majority opinion.
Distraught (adj): mentally confused, crazed

‫ پریشان‬،‫ شوریده‬،‫ عصبی‬،‫ دیوانه‬،‫آشفته‬
Ex: The soldiers were distraught to learn that their furloughs had
been canceled.
Diversity (n) : variety, change

‫ تنوع‬،‫ گوناگونی‬،‫تمایز‬
Ex: The omnipotent dictator employed all of his rhetoric to vilify
those who would be brash enough to suggest that a diversity of
opinions should be expressed.
Divulge (v):disclose
‫ بر مال ساختن‬،‫ نمایان ساختن‬،‫ آشکار ساختن‬،‫ آفتابی کردن‬،‫افشا کردن‬
Ex: Even under duress, he was adamant and would not divulge
the secret.
79
Docile (adj): silent or reserved.
‫آرام سر به راه رام تودار‬
Ex: Even the most docile person may become fractions when he
gets only a pittance for his hard labor.
Dodder (v): tremble, shake

‫ با رعشه راه رفتن‬،‫ لنگان لنگان رفتن‬،‫لرزان لرزان رفتن‬
Ex: I was deplorable for us to see her doddering around the house
with the house with the aid of a Cane.
Elapse (v): slip by

‫[زمان] گذشتن‬
Ex: Inadvertently, Emma had allowed two months to elapse
before paying her rent.
Elicit (v): draw forth

‫ استنباط کردن‬،‫[اطالعات و غیره] بیرون کشیدن‬
Ex: It isn’t easy to elicit answers from a sleepy class on Monday
morning.
Elucidate (v): make clear

‫ توضیح دادن‬،‫روشن ساختن‬
Ex: The judge ordered the censor to elucidate his reasons for
removing passages from the book in such a capricious manner.
Elusive (adj): hard to grasp

‫دست نیافتنی‬
Ex: All his life he found happiness elusive, but wealth easy to come
by.
Emaciated (adj): abnormally thin, wasted away 80

‫ بی‌جان‬،‫ نحیف‬،‫ مردنی‬،‫الغر‬
Ex: The emaciated residents of the Warsaw Ghetto managed to
win several skirmishes from the Nazis.
Embellish (v): adorn, touch up

‫ آب و تاب دادن‬،‫ دست کاری کردن‬،‫ شاخ و برگ دادن‬،‫آراستن‬
Ex: Every time the irate motorist told about the accident he had a
tendency to embellish the story.
Eminent (adj) of high reputation, outstanding

.‫ جایزه نوبل ادبیات را دریافت کرد‬،‫ سرشناس‬،‫مشهور‬
Ex: The eminent author received the Nobel Prize for literature.
Emissary (n): an agent

‫ فرستاده‬،‫سفیر‬
Ex: The obscure country, an aspirant for membership in the
United Nations, sent an emissary.
Emit (v): give off

‫ ساطع کردن‬،‫ فرستادن‬،‫بیرون دادن‬
Ex: The mayor issued a diatribe against companies whose
smokestacks emit poisonous fumes.
Emulate (v): rival, strive to equal

‫ چشم و هم‌چشمی کردن‬،‫ برابری جستن‬،‫رقابت کردن با‬
Ex: The wish to emulate a great person is laudable.
81
Encomium (n): high praise
‫ تجلیل‬،‫ ستایش‬،‫ثنا‬
Ex: The modest prodigy treated the fervid encomium that
followed his performance as though they were a mere bagatelle.
Encumbrance (n): burden, handicap, loud

‫ چیز دست و پا گیر‬،‫ قید و بند‬،‫ اسباب زحمت‬،‫ مانع‬،‫ بار‬،‫سربار‬
Ex: It is amazing how lithe football players can be, despite the
encumbrance of the safety features of their uniforms.
Engross (v): absorb
‫ شدن‬........ ‫ در مجذوب‬،‫[به صورت مجهول] غرق شدن در‬
Ex: Engrossed in crossword puzzle, he failed to notice the paucity
of customers in the restaurant.
Enhance (v): intensify, heighten

‫ افزایش دادن‬،‫ توسعه دادن‬،‫ افزودن بر‬،‫ باال بردن‬،‫ارتقاء دادن‬
Ex: It will enhance your enjoyment of an opera if you know what
the plot is about in advance.
Enigma (n): riddle

‫ چیستان‬،‫ راز‬،‫معما‬
Ex: I could not solve the enigma of why an altruistic person
should exhibit such cupidity.
Fastidious (adj): particular, choosy, selective

‫ وسواسی‬،‫ سخت‌گیر‬،‫ زودرنج‬،‫مشکل پسند‬
Ex: He was so fastidious about table manners that he lost his
equanimity when his son reached for the bread.
Fatal (adj): deadly, disastrous 82

‫ بالبار‬،‫ فاجعهبار‬،‫ مرگبار‬،‫ مرگ‌آور‬،‫کشنده‬
Ex: To the consternation of the distraught patterns they learned
their son was accused of using the lethal weapon on that fatal
occasion.
Fatuous (adj): foolish, silly, inane

‫ ابلهانه‬،‫احمقانه‬
Ex: The new employee wanted to gain favor with his boss, and
his obsequious desires led to the most fatuous behavior.
Feasible (adj): possible

‫ عملی‬،‫ شدنی‬،‫ممکن‬
Ex: It’s feasible to build an electric auto, but wouldn’t you need a
terribly long extension cord?
Feint (n): a false attack

‫حمله انحرافی‬
Ex: The Germans were duped by the Allies feint toward the
south, leaving the way open for the Normandy invasion.
Felicitous (adj): happy

‫ لذت‌بخش‬،‫ شیرین‬،‫ شاد‬،‫ خوشحال‬،‫خوشبخت‬
Ex: On that felicitous occasion the amount of money he spent
was irrelevant.
Felon (n): a person guilty of a major crime

‫ تبهکار‬،‫جانی‬
Ex: Since the boss learned that Bob associated with a known
felon, he fired him.
83
Ferment (n): uproar, agitation, turmoil
‫ نارضایتی‬،‫ شورش‬،‫ اغتشاش‬،‫آشوب‬
Ex: with each generation it becomes the vogue for the youth to
be in a state of ferment.
Fervid (adj): intense, enthusiastic, passionate

‫ جدی‬،‫ آتشی‬،‫ پرشور‬،‫ پرحرارت‬،‫مشتاق‬
Ex: His fervid appeal for action threw his adherents into a frenzy.
Fetish (n): an object that is thought to have magic powers

‫ مقدسات‬،‫بت‬
Ex: The explorers saw the golden statue and thought of how much
money it would bring them. But their lives would be in danger if
they moved it because it was a powerful fetish to the natives.
Fetter (v): hamper

‫ محدود کردن‬،‫مقید کردن‬
Ex: The senator inveighed against the policy because he felt it
would fetter our Air Force.
Fiasco (n): complete failure

‫ افتضاح‬،‫ شکست‬،‫ رسوایی‬،‫ناکامی‬
Ex: In an acrimonious letter, her father described the project as a
complete fiasco.
Fiat (n): an official order, a decree

‫ دستور‬،‫ فرمان‬،‫حکم‬
Ex: One cannot govern by fiat the sedentary mayor quickly learned
it, it is necessary to get out and meet the citizens if you want their 84
cooperation.
Flabbergast (v): astound

‫ شگفت زده کردن‬،‫ متحیر کردن‬،‫مات و مبهوت کردن‬
Ex: When the judge exonerated the charlatan, we were all
flabbergasted.
Germane (adj): appropriate, in close relationship to,

‫ وابسته‬،‫ مربوط‬،‫مناسب‬
Ex: Epithets are not germane when motivating a child to a task.
Gesticulate (v): move the arms energetically.

‫ با حرکات سر و دست فهماندن‬،‫ با اشاره فهماندن‬،‫سر و دست تکان دادن‬
Ex: I often marvel as I watch the traffic officer gesticulate at the
onrushing cars.
Gist (n): essence, main point

‫ ل ُ ّب مطلب‬،‫ اصل موضوع‬،‫ نکات مهم‬،‫پیام اصلی‬
Ex: She tried to get the gist of her message into a 25-word
telegram.
Glean (v): gather, collect

‫ بدست آوردن‬،‫جمع‌‌آوری کردن‬
Ex: The reporters could not glean anything from her servants.
Glib (adj): smooth or speech

‫ [زبان] چرب و نرم‬،‫ چرب زبان‬،‫زیان‌باز‬
85
Ex: The charlatan was able to wheedle money out of the naive
audience with a glib talk on the medicine that would expunge
pain.
Gratuity (n): tip

‫ انعام‬،‫پاداش‬
Ex: He took umbrage when I offered a gratuity to augment his
small salary.
Gregarious (adj): sociable

‫ صمیمی‬،‫ مهمان‌نواز‬،‫ بچوش‬،‫ خونگرم‬،‫اجتماعی‬
Ex: At the party the gregarious hostess scurried from group to
group making friends and influencing people.
Grimace (n): facial expression of disgust

‫ اخم‬،‫اخم و تخم‬
Ex: She could not Abjure a grimace when she saw the disheveled
figure.
Grotesque (adj): strange, bizarre, fantastic

‫ خندهدار‬،‫ مضحک‬،‫ چندش‌آور‬،‫عجیب و غریب‬
Ex: He was made up in the most grotesque way for his role as a
man from outer space.
Guise (n): manner, appearance, mien

‫ راهکار‬،‫ شیوه‬،‫ سیما‬،‫ ظاهر‬،‫ هیئت‬،‫کسوت‬
Ex: In the guise of maintaining national unity under military rule,
there was a paucity of even innocuous dissent.
Gullible (adj): easily cheated or fooled, 86

‫ زودباور‬،‫ساده‌لوح‬
Ex: Explaining that the bookkeeper was merely a gullible dupe, the
complicity in the crime.
Gusto (n): enthusiasm, enjoyment, zest

‫ ولع‬،‫ لذت‬،‫ تعصب‬،‫شور و شوق‬
Ex: He began to eat the food served at the sumptuous feast with
gusto.
Habitat (n): natural environment

‫ [انسان] پاتق‬،‫ محیط طبیعی‬،‫ محل زیست‬،‫[حیوان] زیستگاه‬
Ex: The alcoholic was found supine in his favorite habitat Ryan s
Bar.
Halcyon (adj): peaceful, calm

‫ با صلح و صفا‬،‫ صلح‌آمیز‬،‫آرام‬
Ex: During the turbulent days of the war, they wished for the
halcyon days of earlier times.
Hapless (adj): unfortunate

‫ سیاه بخت‬،‫ بخت برگشته‬،‫بدبخت‬
Ex: The hapless contest winner was unable to locate the lucky
ticket.
Harass (v): trouble, torment

‫ مزاحم شدن‬،‫اذیت کردن‬
Ex: If anonymous telephone calls harass you, the phone
company will give you an unlisted number.
87
Harbinger (n): a forerunner, advance notice
‫ نشانگر‬،‫ منادی‬،‫ طالیه‌دار‬،‫پیام‌آور‬
Ex: the excellent soup was a harbinger of the delicious meal to
follow.
Haven (n) :place of safety

‫ پناهگاه‬،‫ محل امن‬،‫مأمن‬
Ex: In inclement weather our barn is a haven for many animals.
Havoc (n): ruin

‫ نابودی‬،‫ مرگ و میر‬،‫ ویرانی‬،‫خرابی‬
Ex: The virulent plague caused havoc among the populace.
Heinous (adj): hatefully evil

‫ پلید‬،‫ زشت‬،‫ بد‬،‫ خبیث‬،‫فجیع‬
Ex: «The most heinous thing I have done,» he said in a stentorian
voice, «is eradicate the untruth that my party is not compatible
with progress.»
Heresy (n): unbelief, dissent, lack of faith

‫ بدعت‬،‫ سنت‌شکنی‬،‫ ارتداد‬،‫الحاد‬
Ex: He accused the leader of the opposition of political heresy,
and the mob was exhorted to burn his effigy.
Heterogeneous (adj): dissimilar

‫ نایکدست‬،‫ ناهماهنگ‬،‫ ناجور‬،‫ناهمگن‬
Ex: Our algebra class is heterogeneous one in which bright
students are juxtaposed with slower ones.
Hirsute (adj): hairy 88

‫ پشمالو‬،‫ با ریش و موی بلند‬،‫ ژولیده مو‬،‫پرمو‬
Ex: You may have discerned that it is no longer the latest vogue
among boys to permit their faces to become hirsute.
Histrionics (n): display of emotions
‫ بازی مصنوعی‬،‫ رفتار تصنعی‬،‫ تظاهر‬،‫ظاهرسازی‬
Ex: Saying that he would not tolerate her histrionics, the director
fired the temperamental actress.
Hoard (v): hide, store, accumulate

‫ نگه داشتن‬،‫ پنهان کردن‬،‫ انباشتن‬،‫ اندوختن‬،‫ذخیره کردن‬
Ex; Isn’t it a pity we can’t hoard the ideal days of autumn?
Hoax (n): deception,

‫ فریب‬،‫ حقه‬،‫کلک‬
Ex: The practical joker had the temerity perpetrate a hoax upon
the Dean of Boys.
Homogeneous (adj): same or uniform

‫ متجانس‬،‫ ناهمگون‬،‫یکدست‬
Ex: While they started out as individuals, they became a
homogenous group whom the leader could motivate as he
willed.
Hostile (adj): antagonistic, angry

‫ دشمنانه‬،‫ عصبانی‬،‫خصمانه‬
Ex: The audience became extremely hostile when the bigot
began to attack minority groups.
89
Humility (n): humbleness, modesty, meekness
‫ خضوع‬،‫ تواضع‬،‫ افتادگی‬،‫فروتنی‬
Ex: We all expect humility from the actors and actresses who win
the Academy Awards.
Hyperbole (n): exaggerate figure of speech,

‫ غلو‬،‫ اغراق‬،‫مبالغه‬
Ex: The rhetoric soared into flagrant hyperbole.
Incapacitate (v): disable, make unfit

‫عاجز کردن‬
Ex: He was ashamed to admit that a pesky skin rush incapacitated
him for weeks at a time.
Inchoate (adj): in an early stage

‫ اولیه‬،‫ ابتدایی‬،‫ ناپخته‬،‫ شکل نگرفته‬،‫ خام‬،‫تازه شکل گرفته‬
Ex: The young couple was disappointed to see the inchoate state
of their new houses.
Incipient (adj): just beginning to exist
.‫ که تازه شروع شده است‬،‫در مرحله اولیه‬
Ex: By telling the truth, we stopped the incipient rumor from
spreading.
Incisive (adj): acute

‫ بی‌پرده‬،‫ صریح‬،‫ تند‬،‫ تیزهوشانه‬،‫تیزهوش‬
Ex: Our editor castigated the proposal with his incisive commentary.
Inclement (adj) : unfavorable, stormy 90

‫ طوفانی‬،‫[هوا] نامساعد‬
Ex: She blamed her absence from the game on the inclement
weather, but we knew that was sour grapes.
Incoherent (adj): disjointed

‫ آشفته‬،‫فاقد انسجام‬
Ex: Since the patient›s speech was garbled and incoherent we
could only conjecture as to his message.
Incompatibility (n): quality of being mismated, lack of

harmony.
‫ عدم تمکین‬،‫ ناهماهنگی‬،‫ مغایرت‬،‫ناسازگاری‬
Ex: judge Feldcr commented with asperity upon the wife,s charge
of incompatibility
Incongruous (adj): inappropriate
‫ نامناسب‬،‫ناهماهنگی‬
Ex: The play was so incongruous that it seemed to be the work
of several authors.
Irate (adj): angry, incensed

‫ عصبی‬،‫ غضب‌آلود‬،‫خشمگین‬
Ex: My uncle was irate when the drunken driver swerved in front
of us.
Irrational (adj): unreasonable, absurb

‫ پوچ‬،‫ غیرعقلی‬،‫غیرمنطقی‬
Ex: We ought to expect some irrational behavior from a senile
person.
91
Irrelevant (adj): not related to the subject
‫ بی ارتباط‬،‫نامربوط‬
Ex: The defendant was alleged to have been an army deserter but
the judge said that was irrelevant to the case.
Itinerant (adj) wandering

‫ ولگرد‬،‫ سرگردان‬،‫دوره گرد‬
Ex: Signs were posted in the lobby to prevent itinerant beggars
and others of that ilk from entering.
Jaunty (adj): sprightly, gay

‫ سرحال‬،‫ بی‌خیال‬،‫ سرخوش‬،‫ شنگول‬،‫شاد‬
Ex: With his cap set at a jaunty angle, the amicable sailor strutted
down the street.
Jeopardize (v): endanger

‫ به مخاطره انداختن‬،‫به خطر انداختن‬
Ex: The trapeze artist was squeamish about having to jeopardize
his life.
Jettison (v): throw overboard, discard

‫ به دریا ریختن‬،‫ دور ریختن‬،‫ریختن‬
Ex: The pilot decided it would be imprudent to jettison his fuel
over the populated area.
Jocose (adj): humorous, merry

‫ شاد‬،‫ خنده‌دار‬،‫شوخی آمیز‬
Ex: It is difficult to be jocose in the presence of so many doleful
people.
Jostle (v): shove hard 92

‫ تنه زدن به‬،‫هل دادن‬
Ex: When John attempted to jostle the old lady, she struck him
with her umbrella.
Jubilant (adj): joyful, in high spirits

‫ خوشحال‬،‫شاد شنگول‬
Ex: We were jubilant when our indolent cousin got a job.
Jurisdiction (n): power, range of authority

‫ اختیارات‬،‫ اختیار‬،‫حق قضاوت‬
Ex: Saying that it was beyond his jurisdiction, Judge Klein refused
to rule on the case.
Juxtapose (v): place side by side

‫ پیش هم گذاشتن‬،‫کنار هم گذاشتن‬
Ex: If we were to juxtapose our philosophies, your materialism
would conflict with my idealism.
Labyrinth (n): arrangement of winding passage

‫ مسیر پیچ در پیچ‬،‫ دهلیز هزارتو‬،‫کالف سردرگم‬
Ex: After wandering through the labyrinth, the young hero came
face to face with the dragon who was indigenous to the caves.
Laceration (n): jagged wound

‫ جراحت‬،‫ پارگی‬،‫زخم‬
Ex: The medic reached into his kid to find a bandage for the ugly
laceration.
93
Lackluster (adj): dull
‫ کسالت آور‬،‫خسته کننده‬
Ex: Speaking in a monotone, the politician was booed for his
lackluster address.
Laconic (adj): expressing much in few words

‫ کوتاه‬،‫موجز‬
Ex: His speech was usually rambling but this time I found it brief
and laconic.
Lampoon (v): ridicule
‫ دست انداختن‬،‫ مورد استهزا قرار دادن‬،‫مسخره کردن‬
Ex: Jonathan Swipe was never reticent to lampoon the egotist in
order to bring him down with alacrity.
Landmark (adj, n): history, turning point of a period

‫ نقطه عطف‬،‫ رویداد بزرگ‬،‫تاریخی‬
Ex: The battle of Midway was a landmark victory in the U.S.
campaign for ultimate victory over the Japanese.
Largess(e) (n): gift, gratuity, liberality.
‫ هدیه‬،‫ صدقه‬،‫ انعام‬،‫بخشش‬
Ex: He felt it would be ignominious for him to accept any largess
from the charlatan whose Machiavellian schemes had made him
affluent.
Lassitude (n): weariness, fatigue, weakness

‫ ضعف‬،‫ رخوت‬،‫خستگی‬
Ex1: After the frenzy that accompanied the burning of the effigy,
they all acutely aware of a feeling of lassitude.
Ex2: After playing with his progeny, he staggered back to his
room where he was overcome with lassitude.
Latent (abj): lying hidden 94

‫ بالقوه‬،‫پنهان‬
Ex: At the age of 42, the artist first became cognizant of his latent
genius.
Laudable (adj): praiseworthy

‫ قابل تمجید‬،‫ قابل ستایش‬،‫ ستودنی‬،‫ستوده‬
Ex: The paradox is that Javert’s inexorable pursuit of Jean Valjean
was both laudable and despicable.
Lax (adj): careless, negligent

‫ سهل‌انگار‬،‫ سهلگیر‬،‫ آسان‌گیر‬،‫القید‬
Ex: Because the watchman was lax, thievery was rampant at the
warehouse.
Legerdemain (n): a sleight of head, deceptive adroitness

‫ تردستی‬،‫ شعبده‌سازی‬،‫چشم‌بندی‬
Ex: They were engrossed as an ill man “cured” before their eyes,
some of the more urbane said it was legerdemain.
Legion (n): a large number

‫ تعداد زیاد‬،‫ لشکر‬،‫لژیون‬
Ex: “The number of my followers is legion,” said the flamboyant
politician.
Lethal (adj): deadly

‫ مرگزا‬،‫ مرگ‌آور‬،‫مرگ‌بار‬
Ex: The jockey received a lethal kick from the fractious horse.
95
Lethargic (adj): lazy, indifferent
‫ سست‬،‫ بی تفاوت‬،‫ خونسردی‬،‫تنبل‬
Ex: We are all susceptible to a lethargic feeling after a heavy meal.
Levity (n): lightness of disposition

‫ لودگی‬،‫ جلفی‬،‫ سبکی‬،‫[شخصیت] سبک‌سری‬
Ex: Dean Flannigan admonished us for our levity at the graduation
exercise.
Libel (n): degradation by writing or publishing

‫ هتک حرمت‬،‫افترا‬
Ex: Publishers of newspapers and magazines augment their staff
with lawyers to represent them when they are sued for libel.
Liquidation (n): disposal of, killing

‫ ترور‬،‫ کشتن‬،‫ تصفیهی حساب‬/ ‫تسویه‬
Ex: After the liquidation of the gang leader, a mammoth conflict
arose among his ambitions lieutenants who aspired to be boss.
Lithe (adj): agile

‫ چابک‬،‫ فرز‬،‫ انعطاف‌پذیر‬،‫ چاالک‬،‫نرم‬
Ex: It was a pleasure to watch the lithe body of the ballet dancer
as she performed the most difficult steps.
Livid (adj): pale

‫ برافتروخته‬،‫ خشمگین‬،‫عصبانی‬
Ex: The rabid baseball fan lost his equanimity and became livid
when the star pitcher became pugnacious and was removed
from the game.
Loath (adj): unwilling, reluctant 96

‫ مخالف‬،‫ نامتمایل‬،‫بی‌میل‬
Ex: Since we felt that the ruling was arbitrary, we were loath to
obey it.
Loathe (v): hate

‫ بیزار بودن از‬،‫متنفربودن از‬
Ex: I loathe spinach but I love other green vegetables.
Longevity (n): long duration of life

‫ طول عمر‬،‫عمر طوالنی‬
Ex: Scientists are surprised about the longevity of the planet earth
and the solar system.
Lucrative (adj): profitable

‫ نجومی‬،‫ پرمنفعت؛ [مبلغ] سرسام‌آور‬،‫سودآور‬
Ex1: In new York one can build a lucrative business selling the
most bizarre items.
Ex2: Each year the contracts offered to star sports figures become
more lucrative.
Lugubrious (adj): very sad

‫ حزن‌انگیز‬،‫غمگین‌انگیز‬
Ex: She advanced lugubrious music as appropriate background
for the funeral scene.
97
Lurid (adj): sensational
‫ اغراق‌انگیز‬،‫ عاطفی‬،‫احساسی‬
Ex: The newspaper switched from mundane coverage to lurid
reporting.
Lush (adj): luxurious, elaborate

‫ تجملی‬،‫لوکس‬
Ex: The lush stage setting drew applause from the theatre buffs.
Machiavellian (adj): governed by opportunity not principled,
‫ ماکیاولی مأب‬،‫ ترفندبازانه‬،‫ موزیانه‬،‫ حیله‌گرانه‬،‫نیرنگ‌‌بازانه‬
Ex: We are ready to rationalize Machiavellian activities on the
part of our side if they are to the determent of our adversary.
Magnanimous (adj): generous, noble

‫ شرافت‌مندانه‬،‫ سخاوتمندانه‬،‫ بلندهمتانه‬،‫نظربلند‬
Ex: A somber examination of those indigent families, bereft
of hope, sunken in apathy, should motivate us to be more
magnanimous in our attempts to improve their lot.
Maim (v): disable, cripple

‫ ناتوان کردن‬،‫ ناقص کردن‬،‫فلج کردن‬
Ex: when is seemed that Reggie would maim his opponent, we
broke up the fight.
Maladjusted (adj): poorly adjusted, disturbed

‫ تربیت ناپذیر‬،‫ مشکل آفرین‬،‫ناسازگار‬
Ex: The Bureau of child Guidance has been the salvation for
some maladjusted children.
Malady (n): disease 98

‫ مرض‬،‫ درد‬،‫بیماری‬
Ex: Once the virulent malady has run its course, my temperature
dropped.
Malevolent (adj): ill-disposed, ill-intentioned

‫ غرض‌ورزانه‬،‫ بداندیشانه‬،‫ بدخواهانه‬،‫بدخواه‬
Ex: He had no qualms about opposing the clique who insidiously
exerted a malevolent influence on the president.
Menial (adj): humble, degrading

‫ روزمره‬،‫ عادی‬،‫ معمولی‬،‫ کلفت‌مآبانه‬،‫ خدمتکارانه‬،‫ نوکرمآبانه‬،‫پست‬
Ex: although she did not find it congenial, we cajoled our daughter
into doing some of the menial tasks around the house.
Mentor (n): counselor, coach, tutor

‫ راهنما‬،‫ معلم‬،‫ مربی‬،‫مشاور‬
Ex: Amidst the adulation of the throng, the film star, in all humility,
credited her mentor as the one most responsible.
Mercenary (adj): motivated by desire for gain, greedy

‫ طمعکار‬،‫ پول دوست‬،‫ پولکی‬،‫مادی‬
Ex: Behind the façade of ostensible benevolence there was a
mercenary streak.
Metamorphosis (n): change

‫ تحول‬،‫ تغییر شخصیت‬،‫ تغییر هویت‬،‫ دگرگونی‬،‫استحاله‬
Ex: In a remarkable metamorphosis, her lugubrious mood
changed to one of levity.
99
Meticulous (adj): careful
‫ نکته‌سنج‬،‫ موشکافانه‬،‫دقیق‬
Ex: The meticulous musician had nothing but disdain from his
disorganized friends.
Mien (n): appearance, bearing

‫ سیما‬،‫ قیافه‬،‫ هیئت‬،‫ظاهر‬
Ex: she had a mean of humility, but it was only a façade.
Milieu (n): environment, setting

‫محیط اجتماعی‬
Ex: It is incongruous to find an abstemious person in a milieu of
affluence.
Modify (v): change

‫ عوض کردن‬،‫ اصالح کردن‬،‫تغییر دادن‬
Ex: Because Phil refused to modify his philosophy, the directors
were forced to invalidate his appointment.
Mollify (v): pacify, appease

‫ فرونشاندن‬،‫آرام کردن‬
Ex: When Mother is in a pique about some infraction of a rule, it
takes all of our dexterity to modify her.
Monolithic (adj): massively solid

‫ سرسخت‬،‫ یکدست‬،‫یکپارچه‬
Ex: George Orwell’s 1984 depicts a frightening, monolithic
government.
Moribund (adj): dying, at the point of death 100

‫ ره به نابودی‬،‫ دم مرگ‬،‫در حال احتضار‬
Ex: With the expansion of the supermarkets, the small, local
grocery store is in a moribund state.
Mortality (n): death

‫ مرگ و میر‬،‫ تلفات‬،‫ مرگ‬،‫فناپذیری‬
Ex: If a miner were to ponder over the high mortality rate in his
occupation, he might want to quit.
Mortify (v): embarrass, humiliate

‫ تحقیر کردن‬،‫خجالت دادن‬
Ex: Good sportsmanship requires that one not mortify a
defeated adversary.
Motivate (v): inspire, stimulate, provoke

‫ ترغیب کردن‬،‫ برانگیختن‬،‫انگیزده دادن به‬
Ex: Complacent people are difficult to motivate to altruistic actions.
Mundane (adj): worldly

‫ مادی‬،‫ فیزیکی‬،‫ این جهانی‬،‫دنیوی‬
Ex: The philosopher dealt with spiritual things, ignoring the
mundane ones.
Munificent (adj): generous

‫ بسیار زیاد‬،‫ بخششگر؛ فراوان‬،‫ سخاوتمند‬،‫سخاوتمندانه‬
Ex: He was surprised by the munificent gratuity given by the
usually parsimonious termagant.
101
Murky (adj): dark, obscure
‫ گنگ‬،‫ نامفهوم‬،‫ ناشفاف‬،‫ مبهم‬،‫تاریک‬
Ex: The murky quality of the artist’s latest painting is the
antithesis of her former style.
Myriad (n): countless number,

‫ بی‌شمار‬،‫ متعدد‬،‫ یک عالم‬،‫تعداد زیادی‬
Ex: Once the hoax had been concocted, a myriad of problems
arose.
Nadir (n): lowest point

‫ سمت‬،‫پایین‌ترین نقطه پایین‌ترین حد‬
Ex: He looked upon the last-plane finish of his team with
equanimity, from this nadir the only place to go was up.
Naive (adj): unworldly, unsophisticated

‫ بی‌آالیش‬،‫ معصوم‬،‫ پاک‬،‫ ساد ه لوح‬،‫ساده‬
Ex: The urbane gentleman was flabbergasted by the fervid interest
in wrestling shown by the naive young girl.
Nascent (adj): beginning to exist or develop

‫ در مراحل اولیه‬،‫ نوشکفته‬،‫ نوظهور‬،‫نوپا‬
Ex: Their economy was in its nascent state, it would soon be a
developed one.
Nebulous (adj): unclear, vague

‫ دوپهلو‬،‫ نامشخص‬،‫ پیجیده‬،‫مبهم‬
Ex: Because the contract offer was a nebulous one, the union
leaders balked at it.
Nefarious (adj): villainous, vicious 102

‫ شرخر‬،‫ شرور‬،‫شریر‬
Ex: We were distraught upon hearing the venom spewed forth by
the nefarious bigot.
Negligible (adj): trifling, inconsiderable

‫ اندک‬،‫ کوچک‬،‫ کم‬،‫ جزئی‬،‫ قابل اغماض‬،‫قابل چشم پوشی‬
Ex: It was fortuitous that the accident occurred when there were
negligible numbers of children in the bus.
Nepotism (n): favoritism toward relatives,

‫ فامیل بازی‬،‫ روابط به جای ضوابط‬،‫پارتی بازی‬
Ex: Your efforts to ingratiate yourself into your boss’s favor are
nullified by the unmitigated nepotism manifest in this firm.
Nettle (v): irritate

‫ آزرده کردن‬،‫ عصبانی کردن‬،‫رنجاندن‬
Ex: Although the comic’s quips seemed to be mild, they began to
nettle the nightclub’s owner.
Neurotic (adj): suffering from a nervous disorder

‫ روان‌پریش‬،‫ روانی‬،‫عصبی‬
Ex: Irritability is one of the salient features of a neurotic
personality.
Neutralize (v): counteract

‫ رفع کردن‬،‫خنثی کردن‬
Ex: Dr. Meyers prescribed medication to neutralize the acid
condition which had incapacitated my uncle.
103
Noisome (adj): foul, unwholesome
‫ متعفن‬،‫ گند‬،‫ ناراحت کننده‬،‫زننده‬
Ex: It was inevitable that they discover the hidden body by its
noisome aroma.
Nomadic (adj): wandering

‫ عشایر‬،‫ کوچ‌نشین‬،‫ خانه به دوشی‬،‫عشیره‌ای‬
Ex: In the desert, nomadic tribes wander back and forth, enduring
much privation.
Nominal (adj): slight

‫ جزئی‬،‫ناچیز‬
Ex: For allowing his ferocious mastiff to appear on a commercial,
the trainer was paid a nominal sum.
Nondescript (adj): undistinguished, difficult to describe

‫ فاقد مشخصه‬،‫نامشخص‬
Ex: The detective had little to go on because of the nondescript
nature of the criminal.
Nonentity (n): one of no importance

‫ پیش پا افتاده‬،‫آدم معمولی‬
Ex: He was a precocious youngster, but he soon reached the nadir
of his career, lost all of his prestige and became a nonentity.
Nostalgia (n): yearning for the past

‫ هوای وطن‬،‫ حسرت گذشته‌ها‬،‫غم غربت‬
Ex: Although the former farm girl pretended to be urbane, a feeling
of nostalgia always came over her when she heard country music.
Nuance (n): slight variation in meaning tone, etc. 104

‫ نوسان جزئی‬،‫ تفاوت ظریف‬،‫فرق جزئی‬
Ex: In reading the satires of Jonathan Swift, one must be vigilant in
order to catch each nuance.
Nullify (v): abolish, cancel

‫ منتفی کردن‬،‫ منحل کردن‬،‫ خنثی کردن‬،‫ فسخ کردن‬،‫باطل کردن‬
Ex: In order to nullify the height advantage of his adversary, he
abjured smoking and did an inordinate amount of exercise until
he was the acme of lightness and dexterity.
Nurture (v): nourish, support

‫ اثبات کردن‬،‫ تقویت کردن‬،‫ حمایت کردن‬،‫پرورش دادن‬
Ex: in order to nurture good will, the management will go
anything to accommodate its guest’s special needs.
Nutritive (adj): having nourishing properties,
‫غدای مقوی‬
Ex: Mothers should be vigilant that their children’s food has the
proper nutritive value.
Obese (adj): very fat

‫ چاق مفرط‬،‫بسیار چاق‬
Ex: His insatiable hunger for sweets soon made him obese.
Obliterate (v): erase, wipe out

‫ محو کردن‬،‫ ریشه کن کردن‬،‫ پاک کردن‬،‫نابود کردن‬
Ex: No matter how one tries to delete material from a computer,
it is almost impossible to obliterate it.
105
Obloquy (n): disgrace, shame, dishonor
‫ افتضاح‬،‫ بی‌آرویی‬،‫رسوایی‬
Ex: John Wikes Booth’s egregious act remains an infamous obloquy
Obscure (adj): unknown, lowly, unclear

‫ ناشناخته‬،‫ گمنام‬،‫مبهم‬
Ex: Space telescopes are making our obscure planets ever clearer.
Obsequious (adj): seeking favor, fawning

‫ متملفانه‬،‫ چاپلوسانه‬،‫بله قربانگو‬
Ex: Uriah Heep’s obsequious manner nettled all but the most
gullible.
Obsess (v): haunt, preoccupy

‫ فکری را توی ذهن نشخوار کردن‬،‫ذهن خود را مشغول ساختن‬
Ex: The stockbroker was obsessed with the idea of becoming a
painter.
Obsolescence (n): process of wearing out

‫ فرسودگی پذیری‬،‫ کهنگی‌پذیری‬،‫ کهنگی‬،‫کهنه شوندگی‬
Ex: The obsolescence built into many products could be regarded
as a flagrant insult toward the duped consumer.
Obviate (v): do away with, eliminate

‫ برچیدن‬،‫ رفع کردن‬،‫برطرف کردن‬
Ex: The necessity for preparing sandwiched was obviated when
the picnic was postponed.
Occult (adj): secret, mysterious, supernatural 106

‫ رازگونه‬،‫ مرموز‬،‫ فوق طبیعی‬،‫پنهان‬
Ex: He looked for a proposition moment to exhibit his occult
abilities.
Octogenarian (n): person in his or her eighties.

‫آدم هشتاد ساله‬
Ex: When the teenager girl announced her engagement to the
octogenarian, the public suspected it to be a publicity stunt.
Ominous (adj): threatening

‫ ترسناک‬،‫ بد یمن‬،‫ تهدیدآمیز‬،‫بدشگون‬
Ex: After the weatherman had seen the ominous clouds, he
prognosticated rain.
Omnipotent (adj): almighty, unlimited in power or authority.

‫ قدر قدرت‬،‫ قدر مطلق‬،‫پرقدرت‬
Ex: We would scoff at anyone calling himself omnipotent.
Omnivorous (adj): eating any kind of food

‫همه چیزخوار‬
Ex: Omnivorous eaters find the dietary laws in some hotels to be
too restrictive.
Opprobrium (n): scorn, insult

‫ حقارت‬،‫ اهانت‬،‫ تحقیر‬،‫توهین‬
Ex: The coach heaped opprobrium upon the fledgling player.
107
Opulence (n): wealth, riches
‫ ارزش‬،‫ دارایی‬،‫ثروت‬
Ex: It was not until the wreckers began to dismantle the old
edifice that they discovered its real opulence.
Originate (v): begin, arise

‫ ریشه گرفتن‬،‫ مطرح شدن‬،‫ به وجود آمدن‬،‫نشئت گرفتن‬
Ex: Some bad habits originate in adolescence and continue
throughout a person’s life.
Ostensible (adj): outward, pretended, seeming

‫ ادعا شده‬،‫ خارجی‬،‫ بیرونی‬،‫ نمایان‬،‫ظاهری‬
Ex: While the ostensible enemy was the opposition leader, the
main purpose of this rash behavior was the eradication of all
opponents.
Ostentatious (adj): showy

‫ پرافاده‬،‫ تظاهرآمیز‬،‫ متظاهرانه‬،‫ نمایشی‬،‫خودنمایانه‬
Ex: In an ostentatious display of histrionics the star refused to
perform.
Oust (v): drive out, eject

‫ بیرون انداختن‬،‫ اخراج کردن‬،‫ بیرون کردن‬،‫خلع کردن‬
Ex: The ushers moved with alacrity to oust the disorderly patrons.
Overt (adj): open

‫ علنی‬،‫ نمایان‬،‫ باز‬،‫شکار‬
Ex: Overt acts of violence by the prisoner jeopardized his parole.
108
Pall (v): cease to please, become dull
‫ مالل آور شدن‬،‫خسته کننده شدن‬
Ex: The host exhorted his guests to eat to pall.
Palliate (v): alleviate, relieve without curing

‫ تسکین دادن‬،‫[بیماری] آرام کردن‬
Ex: the drugs could only palliate the symptoms, not provide the
cure.
Paltry (adj): petty, worthless

‫ بی ارزش‬،‫اندک‬
Ex: They exacerbate a paltry different of opinion into a
prodigious conflict.
Panacea (n): cure-all

‫ معجزه‬،‫نوش دارو‬
Ex: Many people hoped that the United Nations would be the
panacea for the problems of our time.
Pandemonium (n): disorder, uproar

‫ اعتراض‬،‫ بی‌نظمی‬،‫ اغتشاش‬،‫آشوب‬
Ex: There was pandemonium as the presidential nominee
entered the convention site.
Parable (n): a moralistic story

‫ مثل‬،‫ حکایت تمثیلی‬،‫ حکایت حکیمانه‬،‫ حکایت اخالقی‬،‫تمثیل‬
Ex: The expression, “sour grapes”, is the gist of a famous parable
109
about a fox who couldn’t get what he wanted.
Paradox (n) :contradiction

‫ متناقض نما‬،‫قول تناقض آمیز‬
Ex: One of the great paradoxes of American life is that though
minority groups have suffered injustices, nowhere in the world
have so many varied groups lived together so harmoniously.
Paramount (adj): supreme, foremost

‫ مهم‬،‫ فوق‌العاده‬،‫ مهمترین‬،‫عالی‬
Ex: A good politician seeks the paramount issue in his
community.
Pariah (n): social outcast

‫ رانده شده‬،‫ بایکوت شده‬،‫ تکفیرشده‬،‫مطرود‬
Ex: He was stigmatized as a pariah when he had the audacity to
boast of his nefarious and sordid career printing bogus money.
Paroxysm (n): a fit, sudden outburst

‫ اوج‬،‫ ظغیان‬،‫شروع‬
Ex: In a paroxysm of range, the tenant stormed out of the
landlord’s office.
Parsimonious (adj): miserly
‫ تنگ‌نظرانه‬،‫خسیس‬
Ex: Unless my boss modifies his parsimonious attitude, a
fractious picket line is going to be erected.
Passe (adj): outmoded, old-fashioned

‫ قدیمی‬،‫ از رده خارج‬،‫ از مد افتاده‬،‫کهنه‬ 110

Ex: We wish for halcyon days when the warlike solutions will
have become passe.
Pathetic (adj): pitiful, distressing

‫ اسفناک‬،‫ رقت بار‬،‫غم‌انگیز‬
Ex: There is something pathetic about a great athlete who
continues to compete long after he has been bereft of his
talents.
Paucity (n): scarcity

‫کمبود‬
Ex: Although it was a creative writing class, the teacher
complained about the paucity of talent there.
Pecuniary (adj): financial

‫ اقتصادی‬،‫ مالی‬،‫مادی‬
Ex: Clarence Day deemed that pecuniary matters are best
handled by men.
Pedagogue (n): teacher

‫ آموزگار‬،‫معلم‬
Ex: Mr. Ford is proud to be called a teacher, but he demurs at the
title of pedagogue.
Poignant (adj): moving, painful to the feelings

‫ تکان دهنده‬،‫ تأثرانگیز‬،‫تأثیرگذار‬
Ex: The sermon was poignant enough to bring tears to the brash
111
delinquent’s eyes.
Ponder (v): consider carefully

‫ اندیشیدن‬،‫ مورد توجه قرار دادن‬،‫ تأمل کردن دربارهی‬،‫خوب فکر کردن درباره‌ی‬
Ex: In the hospital, the alcoholic had time to ponder over the
need to be abstemious.
Potent (adj): powerful, strong, intense.

‫ شدید‬،‫ قوی‬،‫موثر قدرتمند‬
Ex: When Ben’s muscles began to atrophy, the doctor initiated
theory with a potent new drug.
Potentate (n): ruler

‫فرمانروای مطلق‬
Ex: The callous potentate kept an imperturbable
Potential (n, adj): possible

‫ نویدبخش‬،‫ ممکن‬،‫بالقوه‬
Ex: When destitution grips as area, there is excellent potential for
trouble.
Potpourri (n): a medley, mixture

‫ گزینه‬،‫ گزیده‬،‫گلچین‬
Ex: A potpourri of today’s musical hits sound more like
cacophony than harmony.
Pragmatic (adj): practical, based on experiences

‫ واقع بینانه‬،‫ تجربه گرایانه‬،‫ عمل گرایانه‬،‫واقع‌گرایانه‬
Ex: “you can’t argue with success,” was his pragmatic reply to 112
derogatory remarks about a movie star who had only superficial
as an actor.
Precedent (n): custom, model,

‫ پیشینه‬،‫ الگو‬،‫رسم و روال‬
Ex: There is no precedent for voting when there is no quorum.
Precipitate (v): hasten

‫ در گرفتن‬،‫ تسریع کردن‬،‫ حساب نشده عمل کردن‬،‫عجله کردن‬
Ex: a quarrel was precipitated among the relatives after they
heard the terms of the reprehensible will.
Preclude (v): prevent

‫ جلوگیری کردن از‬،‫ غیرممکن ساختن‬،‫مانع شدن‬
Ex: The manager was distraught when he realized that the
slugger’s sickness would preclude a world Series victory.
Precocious (adj): reaching maturity early.

‫ استثنایی‬،‫ از سن خود فراتر‬،‫ جاافتاده‬،‫[شخصیت] پخته‬
Ex: The children in Shakespeare’s plays are so precocious that
they all sound like grandparents.
Prelude (n): introduction

‫ سرآغاز‬،‫پیش در آمد‬
Ex: As a prelude to his performance, the bullfighter vowed to do
penance for his sins.
113
Premise (n): grounds for a conclusion
‫ پیش فرض‬،‫ مقدمه‬،‫فرض‬
Ex: Acting on the premise that there were no burglars around,
the police became quite lax.
Premonition (n): forewarning

‫ دلشوره‬،‫ پیش آگاهی‬،‫دلواپسی‬
Ex: When the black cat crossed her path, Ellen had a premonition
of disaster.
Prerogative (n): an exclusive right or power

‫ امتیاز‬،‫حق انحصاری‬
Ex: He gave his adversary the dubious prerogative of choosing
the weapon by which he was to meet his inevitable end.
Prestigious (adj): illustrious

‫ پرآوازه‬،‫ برجسته‬،‫ بلندآوازه‬،‫ نامی‬،‫ معروف‬،‫ معتبر‬،‫اعتبارآور‬
Ex: A salient feature of the prestigious company’s success was its
fair treatment of employees.
Pretext (n): an excuse

‫بهانه‬
Ex: Her pretext of being tired did not fool us an instant.
Prevalent (adj): prevailing, common, general

‫ مد‬،‫ معمولی‬،‫ رایج‬،‫ شایع‬،‫غالب‬
Ex: long hair among boys is so prevalent today, there is no
longer a prohibition against it in most schools.
114
Prevarication (n): deviation from the truth, lying
‫ دوپهلوگویی‬،‫ دورویی‬،‫دروغگویی‬
Ex: Her constant prevarication made her a pariah to her friends.
Privation (n): lack of necessities

‫ فقر‬،‫محرومیت‬
Ex: Albert Schweitzer endured considerable privation as a jungle
doctor.
Procrastinate (v): delay, put off

‫ به فردا موکول کردن‬،‫ عقب انداختن‬،‫به تعویق انداختن‬
Ex: We all tend to procrastinate when faced with an unsavory
task.
Prodigious (adj): extraordinary, enormous

‫ قابل مالحظه‬،‫ فوق‌العاده‬،‫ حیرات‌آور‬،‫عظیم‬
Ex: The enemy made a prodigious effort to repress the uprising
Prodigy (n): marvel, phenomenon

‫ نابغه‬،‫پدیده‬
Ex: There is universal wonder when some prodigy appears on the
stage to perform at the age 4 or 5.
Proffer (v): offer for acceptance
‫ تقدیم کردن‬،‫ اظهار کردن‬،‫ ارائه کردن‬،‫پیشنهاد کردن‬

Ex: I’d like to proffer my belated congratulation on your 25 years
of married serenity.
115
Profligate (adj): wasteful
‌ ‫اسرا‬
‫ ولخرج‬،‫ اسراف کار‬،‫ف کارانه‬
Ex: with a singular disregard for his family, the profligate
husband spent his salary on alcohol.
Profound (adj): deep, intense

‫ ژرف‬،‫عمیق‬
Ex: It is easy to construe a superficial remark to be a profound
one.
Profuse (adj): overflowing, abundant

‫ بسیار زیاد‬،‫ وافر‬،‫فراوان‬
Ex: The connoisseur was able to glean a worthwhile painting
from the profuse variety of poor ones at the exhibit.
Progeny (n): descendants

‫ فزرندان‬،‫ اخالف‬،‫اوالد‬
Ex: The Bantu chief and all his progeny were noted for their valor.
Prognosticate (v): predict or foretell a future event

‌ ‫پی‬
‫ خبر دادن‬،‫ پیشگویی کردن‬،‫ش بینی کردن‬
Ex: The mayor refused to prognosticate as to his margin of
victory in the election.
Quarry (n): something hunted or pursued

‫شکار‬
Ex: Although it seemed inane, they sought their quarry in the
midst of rustic surroundings that were not its natural habitat. 116
Quell (v): put an end to

‫ سرکوب کردن‬،‫ پایان بخشیدن به‬،‫فرونشاندن‬
Ex: In order to quell the riot, the police sallied forth with tear gas.
Quip (n): joke

‫ لطیفه‬،‫طنز‬
Ex: Hamlet remembered that Yorick was always ready with a lusty
quip.
Rabid (adj): fanatical, furious, mad

‫ خشمگین‬،‫ متعصب‬،‫ دیوانه‬،‫هار‬
Ex: It is not product to malign or castigate, or be derogatory In
any way toward a rabid political adherent.
Raconteur (n): a skilled story-teller

‫ لطیفهگوی ماهر‬،‫قصه گوی حرفه‌ای‬
Ex: Well known as a raconteur, he was never chagrined when
asked to tell a story from his large repertoire.
Rail (v): scold, use language

‫ فحاشی کردن‬،‫ اهانت کردن‬،‫ نالیدن‬،‫شکایت کردن‬
Ex: While all disgruntled man may rail against malevolent or
Machiavellian leaders, democracy offers a way to ameliorate
iniquities through the ballot.
Raiment (n): dress, clothing

‫ پوشاک‬،‫ لباس‬،‫تن‌پوش‬
117
Ex: The potpourri of au courant fashionable raiment includes the
famous and the discreet.
Rampant (adj): going unchecked, widespread

‫ گسترده‬،‫ شایع‬،‫فراگیر‬
Ex: When the plague was rampant on the island, Dr. Arrowsmith’s
wife died.
Rash (adj): too hasty, reckless

‫ غیرعاقالنه‬،‫ نسنجیده‬،‫ شتاب زده‬،‫ عجوالنه‬،‫عجول‬
Ex: It was exceedingly rash of the lightweight to insult the
belligerent long-shore man.
Rationalize (v): use or give a reason other than the real one
‫ منطقی جلوه دادن‬،‫توجیه کردن‬
Ex: It is pathetic the way some citizens rationalize their apathy
during election years.
Raucous (adj): harsh, shrill

‫ مدام‬،‫ بی امان‬،‫ گوشخرانه‌اش‬،‫ تند‬،‫شدید‬
Ex: There were raucous complaints about the inordinate number
of fatal accidents caused by inebriated drivers.
Raze (v): destroy
‫ تخریب کردن‬،‫ نابود کردن‬،‫ محو کردن‬،‫ویران کردن‬
Ex: following the revolution, the people razed the subterranean
dungeons of the director.
Realm (n): kingdom

‫ پادشاهی‬،‫ حیطه‬،‫ خطه‬،‫قلمرو‬
Ex: The cruel king would not allow the prince to enter his realm, 118
restricting him to the forest, which abounded with wild animals.
Rebuke (v, n): criticize, reproach, reprimand

‫ مؤاخذه کردن‬،‫ شماتت کردن‬،‫ انتقاد کردن‬،‫ سرزنش کردن‬،‫توبیخ کردن‬
Ex: Many a husband has been given a rebuke for having imbibed
too fully at an office party.
Recant (v): withdraw previous statements
‫ حرف خود را پس گرفتن‬،‫توجه کردن از‬
Ex: When the clergyman refused him to an pariah in Alaska.
Recoil (v): draw back

‫ عقب رفتن‬،‫پس رفتن‬
Ex: As the snake prepared to strike, the girls recoiled in horror.
Recondite (adj): secret, hidden, obscure

‫ مهم‬،‫سری‬
ّ ،‫ مخفی‬،‫ اسرار آمیز‬،‫پیچیده‬
Ex: The poet’s language precluded my understanding of her
theme.
Redolent (adj): fragrant
‫ دلپذیر‬،‫ خوشبو‬،‫معطر‬
Ex: The redolent scent that came from the bakery create in Mary
a sense of nostalgia for her grandmother’s bread.
Redress (v): to right a wrong, remedy

‫ اصالح کردن‬،‫جبران کردن‬
Ex: There seems to be no way to redress a grievance against at
omnipotent ruler.
119
Refute (v): prove wrong or false, rebut
‫ بطالن چیزی را ثابت کرد‬،‫ ابطال کردن‬،‫ باطل کردن‬،‫رد کردن‬
Ex: He did not waste time trying to refute an irrelevant and
tortious argument
Relegate (v): assign to an inferior position.
‫ تنزل دادن‬،‫پایین آوردن‬
Ex: When they tried to relegate the star to a minor role she was
furious.
Remiss (adj) :careless, negligent.
‫ بی‌دقت‬،‫ سهل‌انگار‬،‫ غافل‬،‫بی‌توجه‬
Ex: We would be remiss if we overlooked the important of the
internet to the interchange of ideas and information.
Remuneration (n): reward, pay
‫ دستمزد‬،‫ اجر‬،‫ مزد‬،‫پاداش‬
Ex: Derek Jeter’s remuneration from the New York Yankees made
him a millionaire many times over.
Repent (v): regret, desire to make amends,
‫ جبران کردن‬،‫ احساس ندامت کردن‬،‫ پشیمان شدن‬،‫توبه کردن‬
Ex: After every election we repent, in a belated criticism, the
apathy and complacency of so many people who failed to vote.
Repertoire (n): works that an artist is ready to perform
‫آثار فی‌البداهه‬
Ex: Her virtuosity was demonstrated by the works she performed
from her repertoire.
Replenish (v): fill again, restock
‫ دوباره تهیه کردن‬،‫ دوباره ریختن‬،‫دوباره پر کردن‬
Ex: He was reticent about emulating those who, after eating
almost to satiety, rushed to replenish the food on their plates. 120

Replete (adj): completely filled or supplied with
‫ سرشار‬،‫ آکنده‬،‫ پر‬،‫ مملو‬،‫انباشته‬
Ex: The football game was replete with excitement and great
plays.
Repose (n): state of rest
‫ لمیده‬،‫در حال استراحت‬
Ex: While the palace guards were in repose, the rebels’ coup
began in earnest.
Reprehensible (adj): worthy of blame
‫ زشت‬،‫ ننگین‬،‫ شرم‌آور‬،‫قابل سرزنش‬
Ex: The brash student was forced to apologize for her
reprehensible conduct.
Reprimand (v): show sharp disapproval

‫ مؤاخذه کردن‬،‫ سرزنش کردن‬،‫توبیخ کردن‬
Ex: When Ed arrived late, he knew that his father would
reprimand him.
Reproach (v): rebuke, reprimand
‫ مؤاخذه کردن‬،‫ انتقاد کردن‬،‫سرزنش کردن‬
Ex: You should not condone his sordid behavior; rather, reproach
him for his fractious manner.
Repudiate (v): reject, decline
‫ مخالفت کردن‬،‫ انکار کردن‬،‫ نپذیرفتن‬،‫رد کردن‬
Ex: The general attempted to repudiate the testimony of the
lieutenant, claiming that the young officer was not an authority
on low level bombing.
Repugnant (adj): distasteful, repulsive
121 ‫ چندش‌آور‬،‫ تهوع‌آور‬،‫نفرت‌انگیز‬

Ex: the sight if the corpse was repugnant to the squeamish
onlookers.
Repulse (v): drive back
‫ رد کردن‬،‫دفع کردن‬
Ex: Management is sure to repulse any request for increased
remuneration.
Reputed (adj): thought, supposed, believed
...... ‫ شناخته شده به‬،....... ‫ مشهور به‬،...... ‫معروف به‬
Ex: The drug is reputed to have a salubrious effect on nerves.
Requisite (n): requirement
‫ شرط‬،‫ نیاز‬،‫ بایسته‬،‫الزم‬
Ex: One mortifying requisite for the position was that he would
have to work for one year under the aegis of a fatuous egotist.
resourceful (adj): able to meet any situation
‫ چاره جو‬،‫ کاردان‬،‫ با درایت‬،‫با تدبیر‬
Ex: The store owner was resourceful enough to run a sale the day
after his building had been razed by the flames
respit(n): an interval of relief, delays

‫ امان‬،‫ فرصت‬،‫ تنفس‬،‫مهلت‬
Ex: the voluble insurance salesman gave my father no respite.
restrictive (adj): harsh, confining

‫ مستبدانه‬،‫ خشن‬،‫ تحدیدی‬،‫محدودکننده‬
Ex: The rebel’s innate hatred of restrictive decrees led him to
crave freedom all the more
reticent )adj): silent or reserved 122

‫ آرام‬،‫ ساکت‬،‫ خاموش‬،‫خوددار‬
Exl: Most politicians are reticent when asked to divulge their
ambitions.
Ex2: Even under repeated questioning, the witness remained
reticent.
Retort )v): answer, reply

‫ پاسخ دادن‬،‫جواب دادن‬
Ex: He refused to retort to the rash question about his propensity
for imbibing.
retrospect (n): looking backward

‫ یا نگاهی به گذشته‬،‫ بازاندیشی‬،‫بازنگری‬
Ex: In the future we will, in retrospect, regard today›s bizarre
behaviors as quite ordinary.
reverberate (v): reecho, resound

‫طنین انداز شدن‬
Ex: Me rescue team heard the miner›s voice reverberating
through the caves.
Salubrious (adj): healthful, wholesome

‫ مفرح‬،‫ پاک‬،‫ پاکیزه‬،‫سالم‬
Ex: Some maintain that the ascetic leads a salubrious life.
Salvation (n): deliverance from ruin

‫ رستگاری‬،‫نجات‬
123
Ex: The megalomaniac believed that he alone had the answer to
mankind’s salvation.
Sanctimonious (adj): hypocritically religions

‫ مقدس نما‬،‫ زهدمأبانه‬،‫ زهدفروشانه‬،‫خشکه مقدس‬
Ex: We should eschew our sanctimonious facade; away with

pretext!
sanction (v): endorse, certify

‫ را دادن‬..... ‫ اجازه‬،‫ تأیید کردن‬،‫ مجاز دانستن‬،‫اجازه دادن‬
Ex: cannot sanction your lax attitude towards the imminent
threat of a conflagration.
sanctuary (n): shelter.

‫ ملجأ‬،‫ پناهگاه‬،‫ مأمن‬،‫ حرم‬،‫حریم مقدس‬
Ex: When Richard III violated the sanctuary of the church to seize
the princes, be exceeded his jurisdiction.
sanguine (adj): optimistic

‫ خوش بینانه‬،‫خوش بین‬
Ex: Because the malignancy had gone unchecked, the surgeons
were not sanguine at the patient›s chances.
Satiety (n): excess, overly full, surfeit

‫اشباع‬
Ex: The host exhorted his guests to eat to satiety.
samurai (v): soak, fill up Completely 124

‫ اشباع کردن‬،‫خیساندن‬
Ex: Television in the new century was saturated with the rebirth
of the old quiz shows.
schism (n): split

‫ اختالف‬،‫ چنددستگی‬،‫شکاف‬
Ex: A pernicious schism developed between the two sisters.
scion (n): child, descendant

‫فرزند‬
Ex: As the scion of a family of wealthy bankers, Rothschild never
had to face the vicissitudes of life.
scoff (v): sneer at

‫ مسخره کردن‬،‫ریشخند کردن‬
Ex: I don›t understand modern art, but I neither loathe nor scoff
at it.
scrutinize (v): examine closely

‫به دقت بررسی کردن‬
Ex: No sooner did the lawyer scrutinize the extortion note than
he called the police.
scurrilous (adj): coarse

‫ زننده‬،‫ زشت‬،‫توهین‌آمیز‬
Ex: Vigilant censors protect the public from listening to scurrilous
language on television.
125
scurry (v): run hastily
‫ با عجله دویدن‬،‫تندتند دویدن‬
Ex: He watched the rats scurry across the street.
sedate (adj, v): gaiety still, undisturbed, sober

‫ آرام کردن‬،‫ تسکین دادن‬،‫ آرام‬،‫ سنگین‬،‫ متین‬،‫موقر‬
Ex: There is something absurd about a well-dressed, sedate man
throwing snowballs.
sedentary (adj): largely inactive, accustomed to sitting

‫ بی‌تحرک‬،‫ غیرفعال‬،‫ راکن‬،‫ساکن‬
Ex: The typist shook off the fetters of her sedentary life and
joined a mountain climbing expedition.
temerity (n): foolish boldness

)‫ جرأت (ابلهانه‬،‫ پروا‬،‫جسارت‬
Ex: For having the temerity to declaim against the majority
leader, the freshman senator was given the worst committee
assignments.
tenable (adj): supportable, defendable

‫ قابل حمایت‬،‫ قابل قبول‬،‫قابل دفاع‬
Ex: When he found his sinecure was no longer tenable, he felt it
a propitious time to resign.
tenacious (adj): tough, stubborn

‫ مصمم‬،‫ قاطع‬،‫ سرسخت‬،‫ سرسختانه‬،‫ سختگیرانه‬،‫لجبازانه‬
Ex: He held on to his antiquated beliefs with a tenacious 126

obsession.
termagant (n): a scolding woman, a shrew.

‫ زن سلیطه‬،‫زن پتیاره‬
Ex: Why do you remain docile while that termagant besmirches,
maligns and belittles you?
Terminate(v): end
‫ نابود کردن‬،‫پایان دادن‬
Ex: it seemed incongruous to terminate his employment just
when he was so successful.
Terse (adj)
‫ مختصر‬،‫ فشرده‬،‫ کوتاه‬،‫موجز‬
Ex: The mayor made a terse statement in which he rebuked his
election opponent for making a contemptuous accusation.
therapy (n): healing or curing process

‫ درمان‬،‫ معالجه‬،‫مداوا‬
Ex: In order to complex the therapy, the doctor said a trip to a
warm, dry climate was mandatory.
throng (n): crowd

‫ دسته‬،‫ گروه‬،‫ جماعت‬،‫جمعیت‬
Ex: A howling through of teenage girls surrounded the rap
artists.
127
Thwart (v): hinder, defeat
‫ مانع شدن‬،‫ از بین بردن‬،‫شکست دادن‬
Ex: In attempt to thwart the voracious ants, he surrounded his
house with a moat of burning oil.
Timorous (adj): fearful

‫ ترسو‬،‫ بزدل‬،‫جیون‬
Ex: Under duress the normally timorous husband was coerced
into demanding a raise.
tinge (n): a trace, smatterings or slight degree

‫ بو‬،‫ طعم‬،‫ نشان‬،‫ اثر‬،‫ رگه‬،‫ته رنگ‬
Ex: A tinge of garlic is all that’s necessary in most recipes.
tolerate (v): put up with, Bear

‫ تاب آوردن‬،‫ برتافتن‬،‫تحمل کردن‬
Ex: Dentists appreciate patients who can tolerate pain.
tortuous (adj): winding

‫ پیچ در پیچ‬،‫پر پیچ و خم‬
Ex: The other divers were nettled about the ease with which our
car ascended the tornadoes road.
tradition (n): custom that has been handed down

‫ آداب و رسوم‬،‫سنت‬
Ex: Eskimos have a tradition of rubbing noses to show affection.
tranquil (adj): quiet

‫ ساکت‬،‫آرام‬ 128
Ex: A firecracker terminated the tranquil climate of the
neighborhood.
underwrite (v): agree to finance

‫ امضا کردن پای‬،‫ موافقت کردن با‬،‫ زیرنویس کردن‬،‫پاراف کردن‬
Ex: When our rivals agreed to underwrite the cost of our trip, a
myriad of suspicions began to form in my mind.
universal (adj): present everywhere.

‫ بین‌المللی‬،‫ همگانی‬،‫ عمومی‬،‫جهانی‬
Ex: Would relations between countries be simpler if a universal
language were spoken rather than hundreds of separate ones?
unkempt (adj): untidy, neglected

‫ نامرتب‬،‫ آشفته‬،‫ در هم و برهم‬،‫ شلوغ و پلوغ‬،‫به هم ریخته‬
Ex: Children think mothers are asinine to get upset about
unkempt rooms.
unmitigated (adj): unrelieved, as bad as can be.

‫ شش دانگ‬،‫ تمام عیار‬،‫ مطلق‬،‫حرفه‌ای‬
Ex: He wasn›t exactly an unmitigated liar; he merely embellished
the truth a little.
unsavory (adj): disagreeable, offensive, morally bad

‫ ناشایست‬،‫ ناخوشایند‬،‫ نامطلوب‬،‫بد‬
Ex: It is reprehensible, but it doesn›t require much gossip to give
a person an unsavory reputation.
129
unwieldy (adj): bulky, difficult to handle
‫ بدقلق‬،‫بددست‬
Ex: Mary was so disgruntled about having to move the unwieldy
piano, she procrastinated for days.
Urbane (adj): polished, witty, polite, civilized

‫ آدابدان‬،‫ مبادی آداب‬،‫پانزاکت‬
Ex: By embellishing her work with urbane humor, the
sophisticated playwright succeeded on Broadway.
usurp (v): seize, annex, grab

‫ به زور گرفتن‬،‫غصب کردن‬
Ex: it is during a period of ferment that a dictator can usurp
power.
utopia (n): place of perfection

‫ ناکجا آباد‬،‫ آرمانشهر‬،‫مدینه‌ی فاضله‬
Ex: In Lost Horizon a Character recoiled at the idea of living in a
utopia.
Vacillate (v): hesitate, fluctuate

‫ نوسان داشتن‬،‫ تردید داشتن‬،‫مردد بودن‬
Ex: We are all familiar with the cliché that he who vacillates is
lost.
valor (n): courage

‫ جرأت‬،‫ شهامت‬،‫شجاعت‬
Ex: The word «surrender» is anathema to people of valor. 130
vapid(adj): uninteresting, dull

‫ ناجالب‬،‫ خسته کننده‬،‫بی روح‬
Ex: As a concomitant to his belligerent and vituperative antipathy
toward his government, he became an expatriate, but he found
it a vapid life.
Vehemently (adv): violently eagerly, passionately

‫ با شور و حرارت‬،‫ مشتاقانه‬،‫ با خشونت‬،‫به تندی‬
Ex: He objected vehemently to a vote taking place in the absence
of a quorum.
veneer (n): thin covering

‫ لفافه‬،‫ سرپوش‬،‫ ظاهر‬،‫ الیه‬،‫پوشش‬
Ex: The lieutenant confessed to a veneer of ignorance in order to
probably evaluate his corporal’s resourcefulness.
venerable (adj): respected, worshiped

‫ بزرگوار‬،‫ گرامی‬،‫ معزز‬،‫ قابل احترام‬،‫محترم‬
Ex: The prodigy revered the venerable master.
Wan (adj): sickly pale

‫رنگ پریده‬
Ex: After the tension his normally ruddy face was wan and tired.
Wane (n): decrease, decline

‫ نابودی‬،‫ ضعف‬،‫ افت‬،‫کاهش‬
131
Ex: Many virulent diseases are now on the wane.
Whet (v): stimulate, stir up

‫ ترغیب کردن‬،‫ تحریک کردن‬،‫برانگیختن‬
Ex: you cannot whet his desire for the theater with dubious
histrionics.
Wrest (v): take by force

‫به زور گرفتن‬
Ex: with the help of his brothers he was able to wrest the
leadership of the company from his partner.
‫نمونه تست های لغت‬
135 1390 ‫لغات کنکور سراسری‬
Those who fail ………. With the law will be fined.

1) resolve 2) comply 3) trigger 4) obstruct
2- A contract can be ……….by agreement of the parties involved.
1) declined 2) collapsed 3) disembarked 4) terminated
3- over a period of years, the ………of the drug in the body will
damage the nervous system.
1) allocation 2) compensation 3) accumulation 4) subordination
4- Firefighters needed modern breathing …….to enter the burning
house.
1) survival 2) criterion 3) apparatus 4) infrastructure
5- Adults, by……….of their greater experience, are able to reason
about more things than
1) virtue 2) vision 3) sphere 4) analogy
6- The tourist industry requires that the country’s cultural ……..be
made more accessible.
1) mode 2) asset 3) flaw 4) integrity
7- This car design makes the …….use of the available space and so
is better than the previous one.
1) optimal 2) neutral 3) emergent 4)contemporary
8- They made a very …… decision, i.e.there was no common
agreement on it, so they have since regretted it.
1) diverse 2) eventual 3) successive 4) controversial
9- The evidence is detailed enough to …….the author’s conclusion.
1) sustain 2) incline 3) comprise 4) intensify
10- The audience listened as the scientist ………..on her new theory. 136
1) conceived 2) expounded 3) committed 4) accompanied
11- Doctors should ….a while on the wisdom of separating babies
from their mothers.
1) ponder 2) resolve 3) recover 4) proceed
12- Is the job of the police to enforce …….with the regulations?
1) authority 2) compliance 3) resolution 4)compensation
13- He was found guilty of …….. of justice.
1) deviation 2) obstruction 3) implication 4) submission
14- The lawyer claimed that the company had shown a(n) ……
disregard for its employee’s safety.
1) reckless 2) engrossed 3) illegible 4) tentative
15- The book explains the ……..of the English language from old
to modern English.
1) initiation 2) incidence 3) reverence 4) evolution
16- The party is promising low inflation and …….economic growth.
1) mature 2) haphazard 3) sustainable 4) preliminary
17- We have …….many new features into the design of the building.
1) displaced 2) assigned 3) enhanced 4) incorporated
18- Global warming might …… dramatic changes in our climate.
1) induce 2) compile 3) conceive 4) penetrate
19- Some teachers welcomed the change in the education system;
but for majority, the …..Was true.
1) revival 2) converse 3) endeavor 4) contradiction
20- The problem had been …..to in earlier discussions.
1) alluded 2) assumed 3) coincided 4) overlapped
21- The prime minister has called on the public to ……..behind the
government.
1) rally 2) denote 3) pursue 4) underlie
137 22- College life opened up a whole ……of new experience.

1) core 2) gamut 3) exposure 4) appreciation
23- The discovery of the new planet gave fresh……to research on
life in outer space.
1) status 2) scheme 3) impetus 4) domain
24- It was…..of me to forget to give you the message.
1) pitfall 2) remiss 3) obstacle 4) inhibition
25- The number of old German cars still on the road ….. to the
excellence of their manufacture.
1) traces 2) orients 3) restores 4) attests
26- Age alone will not…. Them from getting admission to this
university.
1) react 2) distort 3) conduct 4) preclude
27- New technology, the main ……….. of the 1980s, has been a
mixed blessing.
1) legacy 2) surplus 3) expansion 4) circumstance
28- I’m sure my university days appear happier in ……….. than they
were at the time.
1) procedure 2) proportion 3) retrospect 4) approximation
29- Even a(n) ………. Glance at the figures will tell you that sales
are down.
1) cursory 2) implicit 3) marginal 4) sustainable
30- These ideas are not quite new; they ………. Ancient philosophers.
1) give rise to 2) depart for3) descend from4) put over
31- The story ………. The lives of people in the last century.
1) persists 2) settles 3) contends 4) depicts
32-Strong storms have been ……….. our efforts to find flood survivors.
1) demarcating 2) hampering 3) submitting 4) surmising
33- The military in most countries uses radar satellites to ………. 138
Targets through clouds and at night.
1) overthrow 2) disallow 3) dominate 4) track
34- The association works to promote the ………. Of retired people
as active and useful members of the community.
1) disclosure 2) posture 3) standpoint 4) status
35- At the end of the article, the author bridges all the different
……… of the argument together.
1)Conversations 2)strands 3)delivers 4)remnants
36- Life in Britain was transformed by the ………. of the steam
engine.
1) disposition 2) advent 3) expenditure 4) undertaking
37- There is evidence that a(n) ………. To cancer runs in some
families.
1) predisposition 2) incident 3) prospect 4) dilemma
38- The journalists insisted on getting to the front line of the
battle, ………. Of the risks.
1) unaccustomed2) inevitable3) heedless4) devoid
39- Computers operate using ………. Number (the value 0 and 1)
1) trivial 2) scant 3) binary 4) dual
40- The new economic policies threaten to ……….. the health care
system.
1) denote 2) trigger 3) assimilate 4) undermine
41- The map clearly ……….. the boundary between Turkey and Iraq.
Withdraws
1) intrudes 2) conducts 3) delineates 4) Withdraws
42- a rise in interest rate and inflation would severely ……….. economic
growth.
1) retard 2) depart 3) predispose 4) mistreat
139 43- The expression “full moon” means the 14th day of the moon
………. From its first appearance.
1) reckoned 2) propelled 3) predispose 4) mistreat
44- In many countries, doctors have traditionally enjoyed high
social …………
1) arena 2) status 3) circumstance 4) accumulation
45- her strict ………… to the diet caused her to lose a lot of weight
in one month.
1) incentive 2) adherence 3) presumption 4) disposition
46- Constant argument caused angry ………. That brought an end
to the peace talks.
1) discord 2) deviation 3) diffusion 4) discrimination
47- Careful ……….. of the company’s accounts revealed a series of
errors.
1) procedures 2) conformity 3) scrutiny 4) contradiction
48- Unfortunately this diet is ………… in vitamin A.
1) incompatible 2) exposed 3) antecedent 4) deficient
49-They showed a very …….. lack of gratitude to those who had
helped them.
1) marginal 2) indecent 3) differential 4) impotent
50- The lecturer spoke slowly ………., each word clearly.
1) devoting 2) converting 3) articulating 4) undertaking
1391 ‫تست‌های لغت آزمون‌های سال‬ 140
1- that shy ………… young man had turned into a confident adult.
1) expressive 2) self-assured 3) shameless 4) reserved
2- Students in colleges ………… a wide age range and exhibit very
varying academic abilities and communication skills.
1) encompass 2) distinguish 3) obtain 4) insert
3- Wanting to make a good impression, he found himself in a
………… about the right color suit to wear to the business meeting.
1) repute 2) Deficiency 3) quandary 4) priority
4- Ted fell asleep during the movies because it had a very ……….. plot.
1) controversial 2) monotonous 3) Invalid 4) impure
5- After running an early 5K race, Simons ………. Devoured hearty
breakfast.
1) generously 2) dramatically 3) beneficially 4) voraciously
6- Heavy rains in March ………. The drought conditions.
1) alleviated 2)envisioned 3) revealed 4) accelerated
7- He argued that he was not ………… because there was other
work available within the terms of his contract of employment.
1) clumsy 2) redundant 3) sluggish 4) diligent
8- The ……….. of the monument took five years to complete.
1) enforcement 2)improvisation 3) restoration 4) invasion
9- He was found guilty and ………… to life imprisonment.
1) accused 2) imposed 3) convinced 4) compelled
10. The entire east wing of the building was ………… in the fire.
1) renovated 2) prohibited 3) aggravated 4) demolished
11- Understanding the world economic conditions, the recent
graduates spoke ………. About job prospects for the future.
1) luxuriously 2) warily 3) narrowly 4) inaudibly
141 12- The English word ‘family” used to ……….. all the people in the
house, including servants.
1) denote 2) predict 3) participate 4) ascertain
13- Greg’s excellent poem won the ………. Of his friends.
1) advent 2) apex 3) access 4) acclaim
14- Your eyes need approximately 20 to 30 minutes to …..darkness.
1) account for 2) take in 3) adjust to 4) rely on
15- Critics condemned the novelist’s …..attempt to plagiarize
Hemingway story.
1) Judicious 2) discreet 3) felicitous 4) brazen
16- When I had an awful sore throat, only warm tea would ……the
pain.
1) assimilate 2) devastate 3) mitigate 4) prescribe
17- I have always liked your positive attitude; it has always ……
affected our working relationship.
1) favorably 2) hastily 3) candidly 4) consciously
18- When the rain began to pour, the crowd at the baseball game
quickly ………. .
1) annihilated 2) dispersed 3) uncovered 4) pacified
19- Everyone in the family enjoys seafood, so my uncle’s distaste
for the salmon dish was an …….. .
1) altercation 2) anomaly 3) autonomy 4) accolade
20- Denise ………. For weeks before she actually decided to accept
the job offer.
1) squandered 2) regretted 3) precluded 4) vacillated
21- He accused the environmentalists of trying to ………. Public
opinion in their favor.
1) summon 2) convoke 3) manipulate 4) rotate
22- He asserted that there’s not a ………… of truth in the story. 142
1) vestige 2) relic 3) forte 4) scar
23- The chairperson proudly announced that the keynote speaker
at the conference would be the ……….. primatologist Jane Goodall.
1) eclectic 2) eminent 3) empirical 4) expedient
24- According to the experts, genetic ……….. is probably the most
important factor in determining a person’s health.
1) fragmentation 2) germination
3) reliance 4) inheritance
25- Plant cell and tissue culture …………. The growth and
maintenance of plant cell and tissue in a nutrient medium.
1) approximate to 2) meddles in
3) involves 4) spreads
26- If the population continues to expand, Ehrlich argues, mass
starvation and ecological disaster will be the …………. consequence
1) introverted 2) inevitable 3) indiscriminate 4) insatiable
27- He’s being kept in jail until the trial so that he can’t ………any
of the witnesses.
1) intimidate 2) vanish 3) discard 4) represent
28- The operation of the free market maintains an………… between
supply, demand and price.
1) assent 2) inspection 3) affinity 4) equilibrium
29- Before you take calculus, you need more than a ………..
knowledge of algebra.
1) circumspect 2) mutual 3) rudimentary 4) transient
30- In 1784 Benjamin Franklin first suggested daylight savings
time as a means of cutting down …………. Consuming candles.
1) of 2) on 3) for 4) in
143
1392 ‫تست‌های لغت آزمون‌های سال‬
31- If you are convicted of hit-and-run driving, your driving

privilege will be …………..
1) interceded 2) revoked 3) manipulated 4)violated
32- Surfing the Internet can ……….. you with information: That’s
why a web browser comes in handy.
1) pursue 2) elude 3) accost 4) inundate
33- The owner was so ………… he refused to purchase new curtains
when the old ones fell off the window.
1) parsimonious 2)compensatory 3) emphatic 4) discretionary
34- In times of severe …………., companies are often forced to make
massive job cuts in order to survive.
1) integrity 2) stability 3) recession 4) diversification
35- Singh told reporters that he had not seen such human
suffering in any previous natural …………
1) habitat 2) recourse 3) perfidy 4) calamity
36- Like many members of the animal kingdom, people will readily
lend a hand to immediate family and relatives. But humans alone
extend ……… beyond kin, frequently helping perfect strangers for
no obvious personal gain.
1) patriotism 2) altruism 3) heroism 4) protectionism
37- Repairs would ………….. the closure of the bridge for six months.
1) exert 2) endure 3) entail 4) extrapolate
38- The exact mechanism by which exercise ……… strength
remains unclear, but its basic principles are understood.
1) penetrates 2) augments 3) propagates 4) inserts
39- I guarantee that you will both have ………. Opportunity to 144
express your opinions during the debate.
1) ample 2) equivocal 3) equable 4) ambivalent
40- I was confused when reading the student’s paper because
it lacked ……….. First she told about a trip to a farm, and then
she described her math test, and her topic was supposed to be
about a favorite building.
1) persistence 2) coherence 3) equivalence 4) inference
41- If you are here in the autumn, you will also see that the oak
is losing its leaves. Most oak trees are ……….. meaning they lose
their leaves in the fall.
1) deciduous 2) symbiotic 3) immutable 4) asymmetrical
42- When I went to visit, Marsha’s greeting was ………. A few
people had told me that she was often cold and unfriendly, but I
did not find her so.
1) cordial 2) inevitable 3) ravenous 4) gloomy
43- One area that greetings illuminate is ………... for example,
which person says “hello” first and how someone is greeted can
be part of the stratification system in a society.
1) awe 2) demise 3) deterrence 4) status
44- Welfare workers were sternly ………. By the court for ignoring
the woman’s plea for help.
1) transmuted 2) coerced 3) rebuked 4) enforced
45- Kate shouldn’t have any problem finding a job with her …….. of skills.
1) attachment 2) repertoire 3) initiation 4) expertise
46- To ………. The boredom that had set into my life, I decided to
live on a farm for a year.
1) fluctuate 2) elicit 3) distract 4) alleviate
145 47- we should ………. Our nation’s teachers because they have
much of the responsibility for educating the future.
1) verbalize 2) vindicate 3) venerate 4) verify
48- Twins, being of ………. Ages, are usually even better matched
on environmental variables during upbringing than are siblings.
1) identical 2) volatile 3) adjacent 4) consistent
49- The great strength of 123 for Windows is its ………. With all
the versions of the product.
1) disparity 2) neutrality 3) compatibility 4) clarity
50- She is a woman of …………. Who has never abandoned her
principles for the sake of making money.
1) utility 2) integrity 3) treaty 4) acrimony
51- The loud sound of the radiator as it released steam became
an increasingly annoying ……….
1) interval 2) perception 3) zenith 4) distraction
52- Jackson’s poor typing skills were a ………. To finding
employment at the nearby office complex.
1) hindrance 2) supplement 3) confirmation 4) versatility
53- The judge dismissed the extraneous evidence because it was
not ………. To the trial.
1) obedient 2) treacherous 3) pertinent 4) vulnerable
54- Because biology is such a ………. Subject, it is subdivided into
separate branches for convenience of study.
1) deficient 2) consistent 3) broad 4) mutual
55- In addition, physicians may have difficulty in deciding that
an illness can be ……… the job. Many industrial diseases mimic
sickness from other causes.
1) attributed to 2) precluded from 3) broad 4) mutual
56- Mechanics was one of the most highly developed sciences 146
……… in the middle ages.
1) extracted 2) persisted 3) resolved 4) pursued
57- In the absence of death from other causes, all members of
a population may exist in their environment until the ………. Of
senescence, which will cause a decline in the ability of individuals
to survive.
1) ratio 2) onset 3) core 4) output
58- Before the invention and diffusion of writing, translation was
…….. and oral; persons professionally specializing in such work
were called interpreters.
1) subsequent 2) unilateral 3) eventual 4) instantaneous
59- Public attitudes toward business regulation are somewhat
………..; most people resent intrusive government rules, yet they
expect government to prevent businesses from defrauding or
endangering them.
1) cogent 2) emotional 3) ambiguous 4) indifferent
60- We can ……….. the power of the wind to generate electricity.
1) harness 2) justify 3) engender 4) obey
61- The discovery of DNA’s double-helix structure by James D.
Watson and Francis H. Crick reduced genetics to chemistry and
laid the ………. For the next half a century of biology.
1) resources 2) spheres 3) distribution 4) foundation
62- Does some fine madness plague great artists? Several studies
show that creativity and mood ……….. are linked.
1) distinctions 2) disorders 3) encounter 4) violations
63- The teacher told Ted’s mother that her son did not ………. As
much interest in math as was expected of him.
1) fascinate 2) emphasiz 3) manifest 4) incline
147 64-Blood vessels snake through our bodies, literally ……….. our
life’s blood, their courses visible through our skin only as faint
bluish tracks or ropy cords.
1) revive 2) eroding 3) revolving 4) conveying
65- The remarkable physical transformation children undergo as
they grow up is matched only by the ………. Of the minds.
1)metamorphosis 2) illustration 3) presumption 4) reversion

1393 ‫تست‌های لغت آزمون‌های سال‬
1- Walters could face …………. For his role in the robbery.

1) prohibition 2) prosecution 3) collaboration 4) violation
2- The officer’s historical role as a street cleaner occasionally
required a measure of …………..and imagination.
1)embezzlement 2) submission 3) masterpiece 4) dexterity
3- The daughter had all the brains and did all the accounts – the
son was just the ………… boss of the business.
1) nominal 2) tenable 3) unpretentious 4) decent
4- After the tennis match the boys ……….. the sandwiches in
seconds.
1) devoured 2) engraved 3) affronted 4) hallowed
5- Over the countries, these animals have become ………. To living
in a dry environment.
1) inhabited 2) conductive 3) habituated 4) offensive
6- The results provide the most ………… and conclusive evidence to
date of some enduring inequities in participation in such facilities.
1) ambivalent 2) authoritative 3) inflexible 4) excessive
7- Language acquisition is one of the central topics in cognitive 148

science. Every theory of cognition has tried to explain it; probably
no other has ……….…. Such controversy.
1) assented to 2) appreciated 3) speculated 4) aroused
8- As supporter of the value of free trade, Bennett was often called
upon to give speeches around the world extolling the …………… of
unencumbered commerce.
1) demerits 2) ambiguities 3) virtues 4) euphemisms
9- ………… those who challenge your thesis is more insulting that
attacking them outright.
1) Verifyingd 2) Amusing 3) Ignoring 4) Seeking
10- The student’s purpose is specific and well defined, yet his
method cloud be described as …………..
1) wholehearte 2) haphazard 3) autonomous 4) credible
11- Mrs. Harding herself was thin and frail but her son was a
…………. Sixteen-year-old.
1) unbearable 2) verbose 3) study 4) lethargic
12- Some tribes still …………. The more remote mountains and
jungles of the country.
1) forego 2) inhabit 3) ensure 4) aggravate
13- The ………….. of coffee brought Christine into the small café.
1) aroma 2) fragility 3) whim 4) badge
14- The client …………. Our proposal because they found our
presentation banal and unimpressive.
1) recognized 2) emulated 3) hailed 4) rejected
15- Immediately overcome by ………. For the wrong he had done,
I lowered him to floor and tried to apologize.
1) remorse 2) charity 3) stubbornness 4) esteem
149 16- A health inspector gave ……….. instructions on how to correct

the problem; we all found out how to handle the situation.
1) perpetual 2) squandered 3) forestalled 4) penetrated
17- I ……….. the cold I was getting by taking plenty of vitamins C
pills and wearing a scarf.
1) vanished 2) squandered 3) forestalled 4) penetrated
18- Why would Ian want to claim his inheritance and then give all
his money away? It was a ………. To me.
1) riddle 2) peril 3) glory 4) fragment
19- He was later accused of writing …………. Loan and deposit
records, found guilty and sentenced to three years of imprisonment.
1) essential 2) fraudulent 3) vulgar 4) witty
20- The question of how the murderer had gained entry to the
house …………… the police for several weeks.
1) exhilarated 2) assailed 3) countered 4) perplexed
21- The two groups of students should be taught differently In
that their learning needs are quite ……………
1) bizarre 2) distinct 3) stable 4) reckless
22- This mildly picaresque novel ………… a boy’s flight from prep
school to an eventual weekend In a big city.
1) recounts 2) accumulates 3) asserts 4) restricts
23- The two companies worked in …………. And lowered their prices
to make their rival company collapse.
1) ambivalence 2) validity 3) chaos 4) collusion
24- The U.S was accused of …………… international efforts to
combat global warming.
1) regretting 2) convincing 3) undermining 4) accelerating
25- Richard is so …………. That his diet consists almost exclusively 150
of catfish and chicken liver – the two most inexpensive foods in
the store.
1) frugal 2) timid 3) selective 4) astute
26- Even after travelling 62 miles, the ……….. runner kept on
moving.
1) congenial 2) indefatigable 3) flimsy 4) indifferent
27- As we travelled to college for the first time, the family car was
laden with books, clothing, ……….. and other necessities.
1) warehouses 2) amenities 3) fragments 4) appliances
28- When Eileen ………… me to a fight. I could see the hatred in
her eyes.
1) strengthened 2) derived 3) challenged 4) justified
29- People like to be around the George because he is so ………….
And good-natured, so it comes as no surprise that he has so many
good friends.
1) affable 2) sarcastic 3) superficial 4) half-hearted
30- The new tax policy was criticized in that it was argued that the
rich were actually the main …………. Of the tax cuts.
1) hedonists 2) savants 3) benefactors 4) beneficiaries
31- All this rumor going around the new manager is baseless and
I …………. It all categorically.
1) conceal 2) annoy 3) refute 4) replace
32- A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by
788and ,by the last decade of eighth century,a cultural revival was
in full………….
1)commitment 2)indication 3)expertise 4)bloom
33- To those captivated by the spell of the free market, nothing
151 seems good or normal that does not ................with its requirements.
1) emerge 2) accord 3) endow 4) symbolize
34- In my opinion, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural
……….. which should be available for all to appreciate
1) curiosity 2) encounter 3) mythology 4) heritage
35- To make the business world a fair one, the government is
doing whatever it takes to ...................the development of the
minority business sector.
1) accelerate 2) exhibit 3) reconcile 4) uncover
36- One of the main points at ..................is that the whole
internationa1 community wants a peace agreement to be signed
as quickly as possible.
1) issue 2) dawn 3) front 4) summit
37- As Mary academic record was.................., the prestigious
university refused to grant admission to her.
1) imitative 2) complex 3) mediocre 4) thorough
38- One .....................of the new pesticide is that it decreases plant
fecundity.
1) debate 2) challenge 3) drawback 4) objection
39- He said that developed countries had a responsibility to
………… global economic growth to help new democracies.
1) intend 2) foster 3) determine 4) compare
40- The hypothesis had to be backed up by empirical evidence in
order to be considered …………… .
1) deliberate 2) formidable 3) sketchy 4) credible
41- The living conditions of the tenants were certainly …………
when the landlord finally installed washing machines and dryers
in the basement.
1) displayed 2) distinguished 3) illuminated 4) enhanced
42- The first few moments after the explosion were pure …………. : 152
no one was sure what had happened, and the area was filled with
people running and yelling.
1) reluctance 2) chaos 3) madly 4) prevention
43- Of the seven ancient “Wonders of the World,” only the
pyramids of Egypt are still ……........ .
1) recollected 2) controversial 3) extant 4) innovated
44- The lawyer..................the contract, searching for any detail that
could pose a risk for her client.
1) reinforced 2) blamed 3) rationalized 4) scrutinized
45- The news of the plane crash has not yet been …………. by
independent sources.
1) verified 2) recognize 3) confronted 4) advocated
46- Mr. Peterson gays up the world of politics when he was at the
............... of power, which really surprised everyone.
1) zenith 2) cross-section 3) nadir 4) velocity
47- The committee members were won over to the project by the
………….. arguments of the chairman.
1) wholehearted 2) respectable 3) cogent 4) stubborn
48- Although he committed the crime, because he was mentally ill
he should not be considered …………… for his actions.
1) imaginative 2) culpable 3) vindictive 4) illicit
49- With difficulty, I could …………. the shape of a whale off the
starboard bow, but it was too far away to determine its size or species.
1) resolve 2) interpret 3) magnify 4) discern
50- His strength and ...................in the ring, and his ability to knock
out the toughest of fighters, won his fame and acceptance.
1) affection 2) coercion 3) dexterity 4) impression
153 51- Before you .................to the next question, you should take
some time to make sure you›re happy with your answers so far.
1) prescribe 2) precede 3) proceed 4) preface
52- My first day of babysitting was an absolute...................the
kids spilled food all over the kitchen and they wouldn›t listen to
anything I had to say.
1) invasion 2) enigma 3)condemnation 4) fiasco
53- We were very unhappy with the.................way the moving
company tossed our boxes into our new house.
1) haphazard 2) impatient 3) initial 4) neutral
54- The author used .................when he said the dog was “as big as
a house.”
1) shortsightedness 2) hyperbole 3) precision 4) pretension
55- I never thought you would get so upset about such a ..................
matter.
1) contradictory 2) consistent 3) colloquial 4) trivial
56- The police wondered about the man›s .....................for
committing the crime.
1) inhibition 2) motive 3) impact 4) inspiration
57- While most club members have agreed with the decision, I
expect Richy to.................... forcibly.
1) dissent 2) vanish 3) avoid 4) abate
58- «It is my firm .....................,» said the candidate, “that family
farms must receive government help.”
1) speculation 2) safeguard 3) conviction 4) deprivation
59- You›ll have a better chance of finding that unusual word if you
look it up in a/an ...................dictionary.
1) skilled 2) publicized 3) cultured 4) unabridged
‫‪60- Because the hikers planned to reunite at 4:00 P.M. they‬‬ ‫‪154‬‬
‫‪paused to ………… their watches.‬‬
‫‪1) illuminate‬‬ ‫‪2) reinforce‬‬ ‫‪3) synchronize‬‬ ‫)‪4‬‬
‫‪chronicle‬‬
‫پاسخنامه تست‌های آزمون‌های لغت ‪1391‬‬
‫‪-1‬افرادی که از قانون پیروی نکنند‪ ،‬جریمه خواهند شد‪.‬‬

‫گزینه (‪ )2‬پیروی کردن – اطاعت کردن‬
‫‪-2‬می‌توان با موافقت طرفین دست‌اندرکار‪ ،‬قرارداد را فسخ کرد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬پایان دادن – فسخ کردن‬
‫‪-3‬در طی چند سال‪ ،‬انباشت ماده مخدر در بدن به سیستم عصبی آسیب می‌زند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬انباشتگی ‬
‫‪-4‬آتش‌نشانان نیاز به دستگاه‌های تنفسی مدرن دارند تا داخل منزل آتش گرفته شوند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬دستگاه – ماشین آالت – سازافزار – ابزار‬
‫‪-5‬بزرگساالن به خاطر تجربه بیشترشان‪ ،‬بهتر از نواجوانان می‌توانند در مورد مسائل مختلف فکر‬
‫کنند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬حسن – خوبی – هنر‬
‫‪-6‬صنعت جهانگردی نیازمند این است که تمامیت فرهنگی یک کشور قابل فهم‌تر باشد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬تمامیت – یکپارچگی‬
‫‪-7‬این طرح ماشین موجب استفاده بهینه از فضای موجود می‌شود و بهتر از طراحی قبلی است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬بهینه – دلخواه‌ترین ‪ -‬مساعدترین‬
‫‪-8‬آن‌ها تصمیم بحث‌انگیزی گرفتند‪ ،‬به عبارت دیگر هیچ توافق مشترکی وجود نداشت‪ ،‬بنابراین‬
‫از آن زمان پشیمان هستند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬بحث آفرین – مشاجره انگیز ‪ -‬داغ‬
‫‪-9‬جزئیات آن مدرک آنقدر زیاد است تا نتیجه‌گیری نویسنده را تأیید کند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬نگه داشتن – برپا داشتن – حفظ کردن ‬
‫‪155‬‬ ‫‪-10‬زمانی که دانشمند فرضیه جدیدش را با جزئیات را با جزئیات کامل شرح می‌داد‪ ،‬گوش‬
‫می‌کردند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬شرح دادن (با جزئیات کامل) ‬
‫‪-11‬پزشکان باید مدتی روی توان تشخیص بچه‌هایی که از مادرانشان جدا می‌شوند تعمق کنند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬تعمق کردن – ژرف‌اندیشی کردن ‬
‫‪-12‬آیا وظیفه پلیس پیروی از اعمال مقررات است؟‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬پیروی ‪ -‬اطاعت‬
‫‪-13‬او به خاطر انحراف از عدالت گناهکار شناخته شد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬کجروی – انحراف – گمراهی‬
‫ ‬
‫‪-14‬وکیل ادعا کرد که شرکت نسبت به امنیت کارکنانش بی توجه بوده است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬بی توجه – بی دقت – بی باک‬
‫‪-15‬آن کتاب تغییر تدریجی زبان از انگلیسی کهن به انگلیسی امروزی را شرح می‌دهد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬تغییر تدریجی – تحول – تکامل‬
‫‪-16‬حزب‪ ،‬تورم کم و رشد اقتصادی پایدار را وعده می‌دهد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬تحمل پذیر – ادامه دادنی – پایدار‬
‫‪-17‬ما ویژگی‌های جدید زیادی را به نقشه آن ساختمان افزوده‌ایم‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬باال بردن – زیاد کردن – افزودن‬
‫‪-18‬گرمایش جهانی احتماالً تغییرات شگرفی را در آب و هوا موجب می‌شود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬واداشتن به کاری – وادار کردن – موجب شدن‬
‫‪-19‬برخی از معلمان از تغییردر سیستم آموزشی استقبال کردند‪ ،‬اما از نظر اکثریت آن‌ها احیاء آن‬
‫صحیح بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬احیا ‪ -‬جان تازه – تجدید قوا – نوشکوفی‬
‫‪-20‬مشکل در مذاکرات اولیه به آن مسئله به طور ضمنی اشاره شده است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬ذکر کردن – اشاره کردن – بطور ضمنی گفتن‬
‫‪-21‬نخست وزیر مردم را فراخوانده است تا پشتیبانی از دولت ادامه دهند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬تعقیب کردن – پیگیری کردن – ادامه دادن ‬
‫‪-22‬زندگی در دانشگاه کلیه زیر و بم‌های تجربیات جدید را فراهم آورد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬گسترده ‬
‫‪-23‬اکتشاف سیاره جدید انگیزه تازه‌ای به پژوهش در مورد زندگی در خارج از منظومه شمسی‬ ‫‪156‬‬
‫داد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬انگیزه – شوق‬
‫‪-24‬قصور من بود که فراموش کردم برای تو پیغام بفرستم‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬قصور – فراموش‌کار – سل و ول‬
‫‪-25‬تعداد ماشین‌های قدیمی آلمانای که هنوز در جاده‌ها هستند گواهی بر عالی بودن تولید‬
‫آن‌هاست‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬گواهی دادن – گواه بودن ‬
‫‪-26‬سن به تنهایی مانع گرفتن پذیرش آنها را دانشگاه نیست‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬مانع شدن – پیشگیری کردن‬
‫‪-27‬تکنولوژی جدید‪ ،‬میراث اصلی دهه ‪ ،1985‬آمیزه‌ای از خوب و بد است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬ارث – میراث – ماترک‬
‫‪-28‬مطمئن هستم روزهای دانشجویی من به نسبت شادتر از روزهایی بودند که آن‌ها در واقع در‬
‫آن زمان داشتند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬تناسب – نسبت ‬
‫‪-29‬حتی یک نگاه سرسری به آن ارقام به شما خواهد گفت که فروش کم شده است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬سرسری – شتاب زده‬
‫‪-30‬این اندیشه‌ها خیلی نو نیستند‪ ،‬آنها از فیلسوفان باستان نشئت گرفتنه‌اند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬سرچشمه گرفتن ‬
‫‪-31‬این داستان‪ ،‬زندگی مردم را در قرن گذشته توصیف می‌کند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬بیان کردن – توصیف کردن‬
‫‪-32‬طوفان های شدید مانع تالش ما برای یافتن بازماندگان سیل شده‌اند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬باز ایستادن – مختل کردن –جلوی چیزی را گرفتن‬
‫‪-33‬در اکثر کشورها ارتش از رادارهای ماهواره‌های استفاده می‌کند تاا اهداف (نظامی) را در میان‬
‫ابرها و در شب نامرئی کند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬اجازه ندادن – مجاز نشناختن – نامرئی کردن – نامرئی شدن‬
‫‪-34‬انجمن می‌کوشد افراد بازنشسته را به عنوان اعضای فعال و مفید در جامعه بهبود بخشد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬وضع حقوقی – وضعیت قانونی – مقام ‬
‫‪157‬‬ ‫‪-35‬در آخر مقاله‪ ،‬نویسنده تمامی قسمت‌های مختلف استدالل را با یکدیگر پیوند می‌دهد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬قسمت‪ ،‬بخش‬
‫‪-36‬زندگی در بریتانیا با ظهور ماشین بخار دگرگون شد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬ورود – رسیدن – پیدایش – ظهور‬
‫‪-37‬شواهدی وجود دارد مبنی بر این که استعداد ابتال به سرطان در بعضی از خانواده‌ها رو به‬
‫رشد است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬پیشگرا – مستعد – تمایل – استعداد‬
‫‪-38‬روزنامه‌نگاران اصرار داشتند به خط مقدم جبهه بروند‪ ،‬بی توجه به خطرات آن‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬بی پروا – بی اعتنا ‬
‫‪-39‬کامپیوتر ها با استفاده از اعداد دوتایی (عدد ‪ 0‬و ‪ )1‬عمل می‌کنند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬دوتایی – دو واحدی ‬
‫‪-40‬سیاست‌های اقتصادی جدید به سیستم بهداشتی لطمه زیادی می‌زند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬از زیر کندن – آسیب رساندن ‬
‫‪-41‬آن نقشه به وضوح مرز بین ترکیه و عراق را ترسیم می‌کند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬ترسیم کردن– توصیف کردن‬
‫‪-42‬افزایش در نرخ سود و تورم شدیدا ً رشد اقتصادی را کند می‌کند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬کند کردن‬
‫‪-43‬اصطالح قرص ماه یعنی چهاردهمین رو زماه که از اولین ظهورش محاسبه می‌شود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬حساب کردن – تخمین زدن ‬
‫‪-44‬در بسیاری از کشورها پزشکان به طور سنتی‪ ،‬از منزلت اجتماعی باال برخوردارند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬وضع اجتماعی – منزلت ‬
‫‪-45‬تبعیت دقیق از رژیم غذایی سبب شد تا او ظرف یک ماه وزن زیادی کم کند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬تبعیت – پیروی ‬
‫‪-46‬مشاجره مداوم باعث اختالف زیادی شد که به گفتگوهای صلح پایان داد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬عدم توافق – سر و صدا‬
‫‪-47‬بررسی دقیق حساب‌های شرکت اشتباهات مهمی را برمال کرد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬نگاه موشکافانه – ژرف‌انگری – بررسی – وارسی‬
‫‪-48‬متأسفانه این رژیم غذایی کمبود ویتامین ‪ A‬دارد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬کمبود – ناکامل – ناکافی ‪ -‬نارسا‬
‫‪-49‬او از کسانی که به او وکمک کرده بودند به زشتی قدردانی کرد‪.‬‬ ‫‪158‬‬

‫گزینه (‪ )2‬ناشایست – زشت – زننده‬
‫‪-50‬آن سخنران به آرامی صحبت می‌کرد‪ ،‬هر لغت را به وضوح بیان می‌کرد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬شمرده ادا کردن – به وضوح بیان کردن‬
‫پاسخنامه‌ تست‌های لغت آزمون‌های سال ‪1391‬‬
‫‪-1‬آن مرد جوان خجالتی کم حرف‪ ،‬به یک فرد بالغ با اعتماد به نفس تبدیل شده بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه( ‪ )4‬کم حرف‬
‫‪ -2‬دانشجویان در دانشکده‌ها دارای دامنه گسترده‌ای از سنین مختلف هستند و توانایی‌های‬
‫تحصیالتی و مهارت‌های ارتباطی بسیار متفاوتی را نشان می‌دهند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬دارا بودن‪ ،‬شامل بودن‪ ،‬در بر گرفتن‬
‫‪ - 3‬از آنجایی که می‌خواست یک اثر خوب بگذارد‪ ،‬او خود را در مورد رنگ مناسب لباسی که‬
‫می‌خواست برای جلسه کاری بپوشد دچار سرگردانی دید‪.‬‬
‫گزینه( ‪ )3‬سرگردانی‪ ،‬گیجی‪ ،‬معما‬
‫‪ -4‬تد در بین فیلم خوابید چون موضوع بسیار یکنواخت و خسته‌کننده‌ای داشت‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬یکنواخت ‬
‫‪ - 5‬بعد از دویدن ‪ 5‬کیلومتر در ابتدای صبح‪ ،‬سایمون صبحانه دلچسب را حریصانه بلعید‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬حریصانه‪ ،‬پرخورانه‬
‫‪ - 6‬باران‌های سنگین در ماه مارس خشکسالی را کم کرد‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬سبک کردن‪ ،‬آرام کردن‪ ،‬کم کردن‬
‫‪ -7‬او بحث کرد که او مازاد نبوده (نباید اخراج می‌شده) زیرا کارهای دیگری در بندهای قرارداد‬
‫استخداکی او وجود داشتند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬مازاد بر نیاز‪ ،‬اضافی‬
‫‪ - 8‬ترمیم آن اثر تاریخی (بنای یادبود) ‪ 5‬سال طول کشید تا تکمیل شود‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬بداهه کاری‪ ،‬اینکار‬
‫‪ - 9‬او مقصر شناخته شد و به حبس ابد محکوم گردید‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬محکوم کردن‬
‫‪159‬‬ ‫‪ - 10‬کل جناح شرقی ساختمان در آتش‌ ویران شد‪.‬‬

‫گزینه (‪ )4‬ویران کردن‪ ،‬خراب کردن‬
‫‪ - 11‬با درک شرایط اقتصادی جهان‪ ،‬فارا التحصیالن جدید با احتیاط در مورد دورنمایی شغلی‬
‫برای آینده صحبت کردند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪.)2‬‬
‫ ‬
‫بطور محتاطانه‪ ،‬با احتیاط‬
‫‪ - 12‬واژه انگلیسی «خانواده» قب ً‬
‫ال به معنای تمامی افراد در یک خانه‪ ،‬شامل پیشخدمت‌ها‪ ،‬بود‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬معنی دادن‪ ،‬عالمت بودن‬
‫‪ - 13‬شعر عالی گ ِرگ تحسین دوستانش را به همراه داشت‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬تحسین‪ ،‬آفرین گفتن‪ ،‬ادعا کردن‬
‫‪ - 14‬چشمان شما تقریباً ‪ 20‬تا ‪ 30‬دقیقه برای تنظیم شدن با تاریکی نیاز دارد‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬تنظیم شدن با‬
‫‪ - 15‬منتقدین تالش بی شرمانه آن رمان نویس را برای سرقت ادبی داستان همینگوی متهم‬
‫کردند‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬بی شرم‪ ،‬گستاخی کردن‬
‫‪ - 16‬زمانی که من گلودرد شدید دارم‪ ،‬فقط یک چای گرم درد را تسکین می‌دهد‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬تسکین دادن‪ ،‬تخفیف دادن‬
‫‪ - 17‬من همواره حالت مثبت تو را دوست داشته‌ام؛ این موضوع همیشه به طور مطلوبی بر روابط‬
‫کاری ما اثرگذار بوده است‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬به طور مطلوب و مساعد‬
‫‪ - 18‬زمانی که باران شروع به شرشر باریدن کرد‪ ،‬جمعیت در بازی بیسبال به سرعت پراکنده شدند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬پراکنده شدن‪ ،‬متفرق کردن‬
‫‪ - 19‬هم در خانواده از غذای دریایی لذت می‌برند‪ ،‬بنابراین‪ ،‬بی میلی عموی من برای غذای ماهی‬
‫آزاد یک موضوع غیرمتعارف بود‪.‬‬
‫ ‬ ‫گزینه (‪ )2‬خالف قاعده‪ ،‬غیرمتعارف‬
‫‪ - 20‬دنس پیش از آنکه واقعاً تصمیم بگیرد که آن پیشنهاد شغلی را بگیرد‪ 2 ،‬هفته مردد بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪)4‬‬
‫ ‬
‫مردد بودن‪ ،‬تردید داشتن‬
‫‪ - 21‬او محیط زیست شناسان را به تغییر و دستکاری عقاید و افکار عمومی را به نفع خودشان‬ ‫‪160‬‬
‫متهم کرد‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬اداره کردن‪ ،‬دستکاری کردن‬
‫‪ - 22‬او ادعا کرد که هیچ اثری از حقیقت در آن داستان وجود نداشت‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬نشان‪ ،‬اثر ‪ ،‬رد پا‬
‫‪ - 23‬رئیس جلسه با افتخار اعالم کرد که سخنران اصلی در کنفرانس‪ ،‬احتماالً جین گودال‪ ،‬دیرینه‬
‫شناس مشهور خواهد بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬برجسته‪ ،‬بزرگ‪ ،‬واالمقام‬
‫‪ - 24‬براساس نظر کارشناسان‪ ،‬میراث ژنتیکی مهمترین عامل در تعیین سالمتی یک شخص است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬ارث‪ ،‬میراث‬
‫‪ - 25‬پرورش و کشت سلول و بافت گیاهی در آزمایشگاه در بردارنده رشد و نگهداری بافت‌های‬
‫گیاهی در یک محیط مغذی است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬شامل شدن‪ ،‬درگیر کردن‬
‫‪ - 26‬ا ِرلیش می‌گوید‪ ،‬اگر جمعیت به رشد خود ادامه دهد‪ ،‬قخطی جمعی و فاجعه اکولوژیکی‬
‫نتیجه اجتناب‌ناپذیر آن خواهد بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬اجتناب ناپذیر‬
‫‪ - 27‬او تا زمان محاکمه در زندان نگهداری می‌شود‪ .‬بنابراین او نمی‌تواند هیچ از شاهدان را تهدید‬
‫کند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬تهدید کردن‪ ،‬با تهدید وادار کردن‬
‫‪ - 28‬عملکرد بازار یک تعادلی را بین عرضه‪ ،‬تقاضا و قیمت نگه می‌دارد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬تعادل‬
‫‪ - 29‬قبل از اینکه درس حساب دیفرانسیل و انتگرال را بگیرید‪ ،‬شما به بیش از یک دانش اولیه‬
‫از جبر نیاز دارید‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬ناقص‪ ،‬اولیه‪ ،‬ابتدایی‬
‫‪ - 30‬اولین بار در سال ‪ ،1784‬بنجامین فرانکلین ذخیره نور روز را به عنوان یک وسیله کاهش‬
‫مصرف شمع‌ها پیشنهاد داد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ cut down on )2‬به معنای «کاهش دادن» می‌باشد‪.‬‬
‫‪161‬‬
‫پاسخنامه تست‌های لغت آزمون‌های سال ‪1392‬‬
‫‪ - 31‬اگر شما محکوم به فرار کردن از محل حادثه شوید‪ ،‬امتیاز رانندگی شما باطن خواهد شد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬باطل کردن‬
‫‪ - 32‬جستجو در اینترنت می‌تواند شما را غرقه‌ی اطالعات کند‪ .‬این بدان دلیل است که وب گرد‬
‫در دسترس خواهد بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬زیرآب بردن – آب بستن – غرقه کردن ‬
‫‪ - 33‬آن مالک خیلی خسیس بود‪ .‬وقتی پرده‌های قدیمی از پنجره کنده شدند‪ ،‬از خریدن‬
‫پرده‌های جدید امتناع کرد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬خسیس – بخیل‬
‫‪ - 34‬در مواقع کسادی شدید‪ ،‬شرکت‌ها مجبور می‌شوند به منظور بقاء تعدیل چشمگیری در‬
‫مشاغل داشته باشند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬رکود – کسادی‬
‫‪« - 35‬سینق» به خبرنگاران گفت که چنین مصیبت انسانی را در هیچ بالیای طبیعی قبلی ندیده بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬مصیبت ‬
‫‪- 36‬مثل بسیاری از اعضای سلسله جانوران‪ ،‬انسان‌ها آماده‌اند که دست یاری به خانواده و اقوام‬
‫دست اول بدهند‪ .‬اما فقط انسان‌ها نوع دوستی را بعد از خویشاوندی توسعه می‌دهند؛ یعنی بارها‬
‫بدون منفعت شخصی‪ ،‬به غریبه‌ها کمک به تمام معنا می‌کنند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬نوع دوستی‬
‫‪- 37‬تعمیرات‪ ،‬مستلزم بسته شدن پل به مدت ‪ 5‬ماه خواهد بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬مستلزم بودن – در پی داشتن‬
‫‪ - 37‬پوسیدگی دندان‪ ،‬یعنی علت ایجاد پوکی‪ ،‬شایع‌ترین بیماری عفونی در انسان است که ‪97‬‬
‫درصد مردم را در یک مرحله از عمرشان تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪)1‬رایج – شایع‬
‫‪ - 38‬مکانیزم دقیقی که از طریق آن‪ ،‬ورزش موجب افزایش نیرو می‌شود‪ ،‬ناشناخته می‌باشد اما‬
‫اصول اولیه‌ی آن شناخته شده است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬زیاد کردن‬
‫‪ - 39‬من تضمین می‌کنم که هر دوی شما فرصت کافی خواهید داشت تا عقادتان را در طی مناظره‬
‫بیان کنید‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬کافی – اندازه‬
‫‪ - 40‬هنگام خواندن انشای آن دانش‌آموز‪ ،‬گیج شدم زیرا فاقد انسجام بود‪ .‬ابتدا در خصوص سفرش‬ ‫‪162‬‬
‫به مزرعه گفت و سپس آزمون ریاضی اش توصیف کرد‪ ،‬انتظار می‌رفت که موضوع او در خصوص‬
‫ساختمان مورد عالقه‌اش باشد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه «‪ »2‬انسجام‬
‫‪ - 41‬اگر شما در فصل پاییز اینجا باشید‪ ،‬متوجه خواهید شد که برگ‌های درخت بلوط می‌ریزند‪.‬‬
‫اکثر درختان بلوط برگ ریز هستند یعنی برگ‌هایشان را در فصل پاییز از دست می‌دهند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬برگ ریز – خزانگر‬
‫‪ - 42‬وقتی برای مالقات رفتم‪ ،‬احوالپرسی «مارشا» دوستانه بود‪ .‬چند نفر به من گفته بودند که او‬
‫اغلب سرد و نجوش است اما چنین چیزی در او ندیدم‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬دوستانه – صمیمی ‬
‫‪ - 43‬یک مورد که احوالپرسی تنویر افکار می‌کند‪ ،‬مقام و منزلت آن است‪ .‬برای مثال کسی که‬
‫ابتدا سالم می‌کند و اینکه چگونه به شخصی ادای احترام کند‪ ،‬بخشی از نظام طبقه بندی در یک‬
‫جامعه است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬پایگاه – مقام – جایگاه اجتماعی‬
‫‪ - 44‬دادگاه‪ ،‬فعاالن اور عام المنفعه را به خاطر نادیده گرفتن تقاضای زنان جهت کمک‪ ،‬به شدت‬
‫توضیح کرد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬سرزنش کردن – توبیخ کردن‬
‫‪ - 45‬با توجه به مهارت‌های متعدد‪ ،‬کیت نباید هیچ مشکلی در پیدا کردن کار داشته باشد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬مجموعه – منبع‬
‫‪ - 46‬برای کاستن از خستگی‌هایی که در زندگی‌ام وجود داشت‪ ،‬تصمیم گرفتم یک سال در‬
‫مزرعه‌ای زندگی کنم‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬کاستن‬
‫‪ - 47‬باید از معلمان کشورمان تمجید کنیم زیرا آن‌ها مسئولیت زیادی برای تربیت کردن نسل‬
‫آینده دارند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬حرمت گذاشتن – تمجید کردن‬
‫‪ - 48‬دوقلوها‪ ،‬افرادی که عیناً هم‌سن هستند‪ ،‬معموالً در برابر تغییرات محیطی‪ ،‬در زمان تربیت‬
‫نسبت به خواهر و برادرانشان‪ ،‬سازگارپذیرتر هستند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬همانند – یکی – عیناً مثل هم‬
‫‪163‬‬ ‫‪ - 49‬عمده‌ترین نقطه قوت ‪ 123‬برای ویندوز‪ ،‬سازگاری آن با تمام نسخه‌های قبلی آن محصول‬
‫است‪ .‬گزینه (‪ )3‬سازگاری‬
‫‪ - 50‬او زن بزرگواری است که هرگز به خاطر پول درآوردن‪ ،‬دست از اصول اخالقی‌اش برنداشته‬
‫است‪ .‬گزینه (‪ )2‬بزرگوار – بی عیب‬
‫‪ - 51‬صدای بلند رادیاتور‪ ،‬هنگامی که بخار بیرون می‌داد‪ ،‬موجب حواس‌پرتی آزاردهنده‌ای شد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬حواس‌پرتی‬
‫‪ - 52‬ضعف جکسون در تایپ کردن مانعی برای پیدا کردن در مجتمع اداری نزدیک خانه‌اش بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬بازدارنده‌ ‪ -‬مانع – سد راه‬
‫‪ - 53‬قاضی آن مدرک بی‌ربط را رد کرد زیرا مرتبط با محاکمه نبود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬بجا ‪ -‬مرتبط – مناسب‬
‫‪ - 54‬از آنجا که زیست‌شناسی یک موضوع درسی جامع است‪ ،‬برای سهولت در مطالعه آن را‬
‫مجددا ً به شاخه‌های علمی جداگانه‌ای تقسیم می‌کنند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬جامع – گسترده‬
‫‪ - 55‬ضمنا امکان دارد پزشکان در اتخاد این تصمیم که آیا بیماری می‌تواند وابسته به کار باشد‪،‬‬
‫با مشکل مواجه شوند‪ .‬بسیاری از امراض صنعتی ادای بیماری را نسبت به علل دیگر درمی‌آورند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬وابسته به‬
‫‪ - 56‬مکانیک یکی از علوم بسیار پیشرفته‌ای بود که در قرون وسطی پیگیری شد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬تعقیب کردن – پیگیری کردن – ادامه دادن‬
‫‪ - 57‬در صورت نبود مرگ در اثر علل دیگر‪ ،‬تمام افر اد یک گروه امکان دارد به حیات خود در محیطشان‬
‫تا شروع سن کهولت‪ ،‬ادامه دهند که این امر سبب کاهش توانایی اشخاص برای زنده ماندن است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬آغاز – شروع‬
‫‪ - 58‬قبل از اختراع و گسترش نوشتار‪ ،‬ترجمه گفتاری و فوری بود‪ .‬ا شخاصی را که به صورت‬
‫حرفه‌ای در چنین کاری تخصص داشتند‪ ،‬مترجم (مفسر) می‌نامیدند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬فوری ‪ -‬آنی‬
‫‪ - 59‬نگرش مردم نسبت به قانون (مقررات) تجارت تا حدی دوپهلو است‪ ،‬اکثر مردم از قوانین‬
‫مداخله گرانه دولت بدشان می‌آید‪ ،‬اماآنها از دولت انتظار دارند که مانع کالهبرداری یا مخاطره‬
‫در تجارت شود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬مبهم – دوپهلو – گنگ‬
‫‪ - 60‬با مهارکردن نیروی باد‪ ،‬می‌توانیم برق تولید کنیم‪.‬‬ ‫‪164‬‬

‫گزینه (‪ )1‬مهار کردن – لگام‬
‫ ‬
‫‪ - 61‬کشف ساختار دو حلزونی ‪ DNA‬توسط جیمز دی واتسون و فرانسیس اچ کریک‪ ،‬علم‬
‫ژنتیک را به شیمی تبدیل کرد و نیم قرن آتی زیست شناسی را به عنوان یک مبنا بنیان نهاد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬بنیانگذاری – پایه – اساس – مبنا‬
‫‪ - 62‬آیا کمی خشم پرتکلف‪ ،‬هنرمندان بزرگ را آزار می‌دهد؟ مطالعات نشان می‌دهند که‬
‫خالقیت و اختالل روحی با هم مرتبطند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬بیماری – اختالل‬
‫‪ - 63‬معلم به مادر تد گفت که پسرش عالقه‌ی زیادی به ریاضی‪ ،‬آنطور که از او انتظار می‌رفت‪،‬‬
‫از خود نشان نداد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬از خود نشان دادن – آشکارکردن‬
‫‪ - 64‬رگها از میان بدن ما پیچ و تاب می‌خورند‪ ،‬چنانچه گویی خون به زندگی ما معنی می‌دهد‪،‬‬
‫مسیر آنها فقط به عنوان رشته‌های طناب مانند و مسیرهای آبی رنگ ضعیف‪ ،‬از میان پوست‬
‫مشهود است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪)4‬‬
‫حمل کردن – انتقال دادن – معنی دادن‬
‫‪ - 65‬تغییر شکل جسمی قابل توجه که بچه‌ها هنگام بزرگ شدن به آن تن درمی‌دهند‪ ،‬فقط با‬
‫دگرگونی در عقل و شعورشان همانند است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬دگرگونی – دگردیسی‬
‫‪165‬‬ ‫پاسخنامه تست های لغت آزمون های سال ‪1393‬‬

‫‪ - 1‬والترز می‌توانست به دلیل نقش خود در دزدی‪ ،‬تحت تعقیب قانونی قرار گیرد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬تعقیب قانونی‬
‫‪ - 2‬نقش تاریخی افسر پلیس به عنوان تمیزکننده خیابان گاهی نیاز به مقداری مهارت و قوه‬
‫تخیل داشت‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬مهارت‪ ،‬زبردستی‬
‫‪ - 3‬دختر خِ َرد بسیاری داشت و تمام حساب‌ها و امور دفتری را انجام می‌داد و پسر فقط مدیر‬
‫صوری آن شغل بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬صوری‪ ،‬اسمی‬
‫‪ - 4‬پس از مسابقه تنیس‪ ،‬پسرها ساندویچ‌ها را در چند ثانیه بلعیدند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪)1‬بلعیدند‬
‫‪ - 5‬در طی قرن‌ها‪ ،‬این حیوانات به زندگی در یک محیط خشک عادت کرده‌اند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬عادت کرده‌اند‬
‫‪ - 6‬این نتایج‪ ،‬معتبرترین و قطعی‌ترین مدرک را تا به امروز برای برخی از بی عدالتی های مداوم‬
‫در مداخله در چنین تسهیالتی فراهم می‌آورند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬معتبر‬
‫‪ - 7‬فراگیری زبان یکی از موضوعات محوری در علوم شناختی می‌باشد‪ .‬هر نظریه شناخت سعی‬
‫در توضیح آن داشته است‪ ،‬احتماالً هیچ موضوع دیگری چنین بحثی را ایجاد نکرده است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬ایجاد نکرده است‬
‫‪ - 8‬به عنوان حامی ارزش تجارت آزاد‪ ،‬از «بِنِت» اغلب درخواست می‌شد تا با تمجید از مزایای‬
‫تجارت آزاد (تجارت آسان) برای تمامی دنیا سخنرانی کند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬مزایا‬
‫‪ - 9‬محل نگذاشتن به آن کسانی که پایان‌نامه شما را زیر سوال می‌برند توهین‌آمیزتر از بی‌درنگ‬
‫حمله کردن به آنهاست‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬محل نگذاشتن به‪ ،‬نادیده پنداشتن‬
‫‪ - 10‬هدف آن دانشجو مشخص و به خوبی تعریف شده است‪ ،‬اما روش او می‌تواند «تصادفی و بی‬
‫برنامه» توصیف شود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬تصادفی‬
‫‪ - 11‬خود خانم هاردینگ الغر و نحیف بود ولی پسرش یک (نوجوان) شانزده ساله‌ی قوی و‬ ‫‪166‬‬
‫تنومند بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬تنومند‪ ،‬قوی هیکل‬
‫‪ - 12‬برخی از قبایل هنوز هم در کوهستان و جنگل‌های بسیار دوردست و پرت کشور زندگی‬
‫می‌کنند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬زندگی کردن‬
‫‪ - 13‬عطر قهوه‪ ،‬کریستین را به داخل آن قهوه خانه کوچک برد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬عطر‪ ،‬بو‪ ،‬رایحه‬
‫‪ - 14‬کارفرما پیشنهاد ما را رد کرد زیرا آنها ارائه ما را پیش افتاده و بدون کیفیت دیدند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬رد کردن‪ ،‬نپذیرفتن‬
‫‪ - 15‬چون بالفاصله به خاطر اشتباهی که کرده بود حالت پشیمانی بر او غالب شد‪ ،‬من او را‬
‫سرزنش کردم و تالش کردم که عذرخواهی کنم‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬پشیمانی‪ ،‬افسوس‪ ،‬ندامت‬
‫‪ - 16‬یک بازرس بهداشتی‪ ،‬دستورالعمل‌های واضحی در مورد اینکه چگونه آن مشکل را اصالح‬
‫کنیم به ما داد؛ ما همه فهمیدیم که چگونه شرایط را مدیریت نماییم‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬واضح‪ ،‬آشکار‪ ،‬روشن‬
‫‪ - 17‬من با خوردن مقدار زیادی قرص ویتامین ‪ C‬و پوشیدن یک شال‪ ،‬از سرمایی که داشتم‬
‫می‌خوردم جلوگیری کردم‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬پیش دستی کردن بر‪ ،‬جلوگیری کردن‬
‫‪ - 18‬چرا ایان می‌خواست ادعای ارث و میراثش را بکند و سپس کل پولش را ببخشد (از دست‬
‫بدهد)؟ این برای من یک معما بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬معما‪ ،‬چیستان‬
‫‪ - 19‬او بعدا ً به خاطر ثبت مدارک کاله بردارانه سپرده و وام متهم شد‪ ،‬گناهکار شناخته شد و به‬
‫‪ 3‬سال زندان محکوم گردید‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬کاله بردارانه‪ ،‬فریب آمیز‬
‫‪ - 20‬این سوال که چگونه آن قاتل به داخل خانه راه یافته بود‪ ،‬افراد پلیس را برای چند هفته‬
‫گیج کرد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬بهت زده کردن‪،‬گیج کردن‬
‫‪167‬‬ ‫‪ - 21‬به آن دو گروه دانش‌آموزان باید به روش‌های متفاوت درس داده شود زیرا نیازهای یادگیری‬
‫آنها کام ً‬
‫ال متفاوت است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬متمایز ‬
‫‪ - 22‬این رمان که شخصیت اصلی آن کمی رذل است‪ ،‬پرواز پسری از مدرسه ابتدایی تا یک آخر‬
‫هفته پراتفاق در یک شهر بزرگ نقل می‌کند‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬نقل می‌کند‪ ،‬بر می‌شمرد‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 23‬دو شرکت با هم تبانی کردند و قیمت‌هایشان را کاهش دادند تا شرکت رقیب‌شان سقوط کند‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬تبانی‬
‫‪ - 24‬ایالت متحده آمریکا متهم به تضعیف کردن تالش‌های بین‌المللی برای مبارزه با گرم شدن‬
‫کره زمین شد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪)3‬تضعیف کردن‬
‫‪ - 25‬ریچارد آن قدر صرفه‌جو است که خوراک او تقریباً فقط گربه‌ ماهی و جگر مرغ است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬صرفه جو‪ ،‬مقتصد‬
‫‪ - 26‬آن دونده‌ی خستگی ناپذیر حتی پس از طی ‪ 63‬مایل به حرکت خود ادامه داد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬خستگی ناپذیر‬
‫‪ - 27‬هنگامی که ما برای اولین بار به دانشگاه می‌رفتیم‪ .‬اتومبیل خانواده پر از کتاب‪ ،‬لباس‪ ،‬وسایل‬
‫و دیگر چیزهای الزم بود‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬وسایل‬
‫‪ - 28‬هنگامی که آیلین مرا به مبارزه طلبید تا با او بجنگم‪ ،‬توانستم نفرت را در چشمانش ببینم‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬به مبارزه طلبید‪.‬‬
‫‪ - 29‬مردم به اینکه اطراف جورج باشند عالقه دارند زیرا او بسیار خوشرو و خوش طینت است‪،‬‬
‫بنابراین جای هیچگونه تعجبی نیست که او دوستان بسیاری دارد‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬مهربان‪ ،‬خوشرو‬
‫‪ - 30‬سیاست مالی جدید مورد انتقاد قرار گرفت زیرا بحثش این بود که افراد ثروتمند در حقیقت‬
‫عمده‌ی ذی‌نفعان کاهش‌های مالیاتی هستند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬ذی نفعان‬
‫پاسخنامه تست‌های لغت آزمون‌های سال ‪1394‬‬ ‫‪168‬‬
‫‪ - 31‬تمامی این شایعه‌ای که در مورد مدیر جدید است بی اساس می‌باشد و من همه را قاطعانه‬
‫رد می‌کنم‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬رد کردن‪ ،‬تکذیب کردن‬
‫‪ - 32‬تا سال ‪ ،788‬تعدادی از دانشمندان و نویسندگان برجسته پدیدار شدند و تا دهه آخر قرن‬
‫هشتم‪ ،‬یک احیای فرهنگی به حد کمال وجود داشت‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬شکوفه – کمال و زیبایی‬
‫‪ - 33‬در نظر آنهایی که شیفته جادوی بازار آزاد هستند‪ ،‬چیزی که سازگار با شرایط آن نباشد به‬
‫نظر خوب یا نرمال نمی‌آید‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬سازگار کردن‪ ،‬وفق دادن‬
‫‪- 34‬به عقیده من‪ ،‬صنایع دستی قدیمی بخشی از میراث فرهنگی جهانی ما هستند‪ ،‬که بهتر است‬
‫در دسترس همه باشند تا قدر آنها را بدانند‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬میراث‬
‫‪ - 35‬برای تبدیل دنیای تجارت به یک محیط منصفانه‪ ،‬دولت در حال انجام هر کاری است که‬
‫باعث شتاب بخشیدن به رشد و توسعه بخش مشاغل موچک می‌باشد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪)1‬‬
‫شتاب دادن‪ ،‬سرعت بخشیدن‬
‫‪ - 36‬یکی از نکات اصلی که به عنوان مهمترین بخش مورد بررسی است آن است که کل جامعه‬
‫بین‌المللی خواستار آن است که توافق صلح هرچه سریع‌تر امضا شود‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬موضوع‪ ،‬مسأله‪ ،‬پی آمد‬
‫‪ - 37‬از آنجایی که سوابق تحصیلی ماری معمولی بود‪ ،‬آن دانشگاه معتبر اعطای پذیرش به او رد کرد‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬معمولی‪ ،‬نه خوب نه بد‬
‫‪ 38-‬یک اشکال این آفت کش جدید آن است که باروری گیاه را کاهش می‌دهد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬اشکال‪ ،‬مانع‬
‫‪ - 39‬او گفت که کشورهای توسعه یافته دارای مسئولیتی هستند برای پرورش رشد اقتصادی‬
‫جهانی تا به حکومت‌های ملی جدید کمک نماید‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬پرورش دادن‬
‫‪169‬‬ ‫‪ - 40‬آن فرضیه به منظور اینکه معتبر دانسته شود باید با شواهد تجربی پشتیبانی گردد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬معتبر‪ ،‬موثق‬
‫‪ - 41‬هنگامی که صاحب خانه نهایتاً ماشین‌های لباسشویی و خشک کننده‌ها را در زیرزمین نصب‬
‫کرد‪ ،‬شرایط زندگی مستأجران مطمئناً ارتقا پیدا کرد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬باال بردن‪ ،‬افزودن‬
‫‪ - 42‬اولین لحظات پس از انفجار یک هرج و مرج کامل بود‪ :‬هیچ کس مطمئن نبود که چه اتفاقی‬
‫افتاده بود‪ ،‬و آن منطقه پر بود از مردمی که می‌دویدند و فریاد می‌کشیدند‪.‬‬
‫ ‬ ‫گزینه (‪ )2‬هرج و مرج‪ ،‬آشفتگی‬
‫‪ - 43‬از میان عجایب هفتگانه قدیمی جهان‪ ،‬فقط اهرام ثالثه مصر هنوز موجود هستند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬موجود‪ ،‬دارای هستی‪ ،‬باقیمانده‬
‫‪ - 44‬آن وکیل‪ ،‬قرارداد را با دقت بررسی کرد‪ ،‬در جستجوی هر نوع جزئیاتی بود که می‌توانست‬
‫خطری را برای موکلش ایجاد نماید‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬بررسی دقیق و موشکافی کردن‬
‫‪ - 45‬خبر سقوط هواپیما هنوز توسط منابع مستقل تأیید نشده است‪.‬‬
‫ ‬ ‫گزینه (‪ )1‬صحت چیزی را مشخص کردن‪ ،‬تأیید کردن‬
‫‪ - 46‬آقای پیترسون هنگامی که هنوز در اوج قدرت بود دنیای سیاست را رها کرد‪ ،‬که این موضوع‬
‫همه را واقعاً شگفت زده کرد‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬اوج‪ ،‬قله‬
‫‪ - 47‬اعضاء آن هیئت با استدالل‌های متقاعد کننده رئیس‪ ،‬مجذوب آن طرح شدند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪)3‬متقاعدکننده‪ ،‬‬
‫‪ - 48‬اگرچه او مرتکب آن جرم نشد‪ ،‬ولی بدلیل اینکه او از نظر ذهنی بیمار بود‪ ،‬نباید او را به‬
‫خاطر اعمالش مجرم قلمداد کرد‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪)2‬مقصر‪ ،‬مجرم‬
‫‪ - 49‬من به دشواری توانستم شکل یک والد را دور از سینه سمت راست کشتی تشخیص دهم‬
‫ولی آنقدر دور بود که نمی‌توانستم اندازه و نوعش را تعیین کنم‪.‬‬
‫ ‬ ‫گزینه (‪)4‬تشخیص دادن‬
‫‪ - 50‬قدرت و مهارت او در رینگ بوکس‪ ،‬و قابلیت او در شکست دادن دشوارترین مبارزان‪ ،‬برای‬
‫او شهرت و مقبولیت به ارمغان آورد‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬زبردستی‪ ،‬مهارت‬
‫‪ - 51‬پیش از آنکه به سوال بعد بپردازی‪ ،‬بهتر است که کمی وقت بگذاری تا مطمئن شوی که از‬
‫پاسخ‌هایت تاکنون رضایت داری یا نه‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬پیش رفتن‪ ،‬پرداختن به کاری‬
‫‪ - 52‬اولین روز شغل مراقبت از بچه برای من یک افتضاح کامل بود؛ بچه‌ها غذا را در کل آشپزخانه‬ ‫‪170‬‬
‫ریختند و به هرچه به آنها می‌گفتند اص ً‬
‫ال گوش نمی‌کردند‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬ناکامی‪ ،‬شکست مفتضحانه‬
‫‪ - 53‬ما بسیار از آن روش بی‌برنامه که شرکت حمل و نقل جعبه‌های ما را به داخل خانه جدید‬
‫پرتاب می‌کرد ناراحت بودیم‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬بی‌برنامه‪ ،‬اتفاقی‪ ،‬برحسب تصادف‬
‫‪ - 54‬آن نویسنده از اغراق استفاده کرد وقتی گفت که آن سگ «به بزرگی یک خانه» است‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬مبالغه ‬
‫‪ - 55‬هرگز فکر نمی‌کردم که تو ممکن است اینقدر در مورد چنین موضوع ناچیزی ناراحت شوی‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬ناقابل ‬
‫‪ - 56‬افراد پلیس به انگیزه آن مرد برای ارتکاب به آن جرم فکر می‌کردند‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )2‬انگیزه‪ ،‬محرک‬
‫‪ - 57‬با اینکه اغلب اعضاء باشگاه آن تصمیم را قبول کرده‌اند‪ ،‬انتظار من این است که ریکی به‬
‫شدت با آن مخالف باشد‪.‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )1‬اختالف عقیده داشتن‪ ،‬مخالف داشتن‬
‫‪ - 58‬آن کاندیدا گفت که «این اعتقاد راسخ من است که مزارع خانوادگی باید از کمک دولت‬
‫برخوردار شوند‪».‬‬
‫ ‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬عقیده محکم‪ ،‬اعتقاد راسخ‪ ،‬محکومیت‬
‫‪ - 59‬تو شانس بهتری برای یافتن آن واژه عجیب خواهی داشت اگر آن را در یک واژه‌نامه کامل‬
‫جستجو کنی‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )4‬مشروح‪ ،‬کامل‬
‫‪ - 60‬از آنجایی که افرادی که برای پیاده روی آمده بودند برنامه‌ریزی کرده بودند که در ساعت ‪4‬‬
‫بعد از ظهر دوباره به هم پیوندند‪ ،‬آنها مکث کردند تا ساعت‌هایشان را همزمان کنند‪.‬‬
‫گزینه (‪ )3‬همزمان کردن‬

Ept 1399.8.11

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‫لغات ضروری آزمون‌های‬

‫مؤلف‪ :‬حمید رضا صالحی‬

‫صالحی‪ ،‬حمیدرضا‪،‬‏‫‪- ۱۳۷۴‬‏‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‫سرشناسه ‪:‬‬

‫*عنوان کتاب‪ :‬لغات ضروری آزمون‌های ‪EPTMSRT‬‬

7 ‫الف‬-‫لغات عمومی سطح اول‬

4. abet (v)= assist

5. abhor (v)= detest

6. baffle (v)= confuse

7. balanced (adj)= equalized

8.bald (adj hairless

9. ban (v)= forbid

10.badger (v)= pester/harass

11.caliber (n)= quality

12. caution (v) = warn

13.cabal (n)= faction

14. callous (adj)= tough/cruel/cold-hearted

19. dangle (v) = wave

21.elaborate (adj)= complicated

An elaborate headdress indicated rank within the Aztec community

22.element (n)= component

23. eccentric (adj)= abnormal

24. eloquence (n)= persuasive/fluency/graceful language

25.edifice (n)= building

26.fabricate (v)= invent/make up

27. face (v)= confront

28. facile (adj)= easy

29. falter (v)= to move hesitatingly

30.famine (n)= starvation

31.gain (v)= acquire/attain

32.gather (v)= collect

33.grab (n) = clothing

35. garrulous (adj)= talkative

36. halt (v)= stop

37. handle (v)= manage

38. hamlet(n)= a small village

39. handy(adj)= easily reached

41. illustration (n)= picture

42. immense (adj)= massive

43. identical (adj)= alike

45. ignore (v) = disregard

46. joepardy (n)= danger

48. keen (adj)= eager

49. lament (v)= to express sorrow

51. magnitude (n)= greatness/immensity

52. maintain(v)= preserve

53. malign (v)= to slander

55. mare (n)= a female horse

56. narrate (v)= to tell a story, relate

57. narrow (adj)= thin

58. nadir (n)= the lowest point

59. nasty(adj)= unpleasant/mean

60. numb (adj)= without sensation./paralyzed

62. partially (adv)= a part of the whole

63. pact (n)= treaty

64. palatable (adj)= delicious

65. pauper (n)= a very poor person

66. peek (v)= to take a brief look

69. perforate(v)= make holes in sth

70. quell (v)= suppress/appease

71. quest (n)= seeking/pursuit

72. radiant (adj)= bright

73. reaction(n)= response/feed back

75. record (v)= register