WORK, POWER &

ENERGY
“ What comes to your mind
when you hear the word
‘work’?
”
Essential questions:

What is work?
What is energy?
How are work, power and energy
related?
ACTIVITY NO.1 WORK IT!
Materials: wall, chair, pile of books
Procedure:
1. Get a partner.
2. Each of you would push the wall for one minute.
3. Then lift the pile of books. Hold it for one minute and carry it one
meter from your position.
4. Next, pull the chair to a distance of two meters.
Process Questions:
1. What was your idea of work before you did the activity?
2. Which of the activities did you actually do work?
3. How do you think will this activity help you understand the lesson
better?
WORK

 work is an abstract idea related to energy.

a way to transmit energy
 Whenwork is done it is accompanied by a
change in energy.
 When work is done by an object it loses
energy and when work is done on an
object it gains energy.
Work is done if the object you push moves a
distance in the direction towards which you
are pushing it.
No work is done if the force you exert does
not make the object move.
No work is done if the force you exert does not
make the object move in the same direction as
the force you exerted.
ACTIVITY NO. 2 IS THERE WORK DONE? (Think, Pair, and Share)
Tell whether the situations shown below represent examples of work.
Identify the one doing the work and on which object the work is
done.
THREE CONDITIONS FOR WORK TO
BE CONSIDERED PRESENT
1. There should be a force applied to an
object.
2. The force should displace the object at a
certain distance.
3. The two quantities: FORCE and
DISPLACEMENT must be parallel to each
other.
Work is expressed mathematically
as:
WORK= FORCE x DISPLACEMENT
W= Fd

The unit for work is N.m or joule (J)

Sample problem 1

A forklift in a warehouse lifts 1000 N of

boxes, 34 m from the floor. Compute
the wok done by the forklift.
Sample problem 2

Suppose a woman is pushing a grocery cart

with a 500 Newton force along the 7 meters
aisle, how much work is done in pushing the
cart from one end of the aisle to the other?
Sample problem 3

If 60 000 J of work was done on a rock

which moved 25 m, how much force
was exerted?
Sample problem 4

A front end loader needed to apply

200 N of force to lift a rock. A total of
275 J of work was done. How high was
the rock lifted?
TRY IT OUT!
Solve for the following problems on your own.

1. If it took a bulldozer 600 J of work to push a

mound of dirt 35 m away, how much force
did the bulldozer had to apply?
2. Ana is out with her friends. Misfortune occurs
and Ana and her friends find themselves
getting a workout. They apply a cumulative
force of 1080 N to push the car 218 m to the
nearest fuel station. Determine the work
done on the car.
ENERGY
ENERGY
 The ability to do work
 No energy = no work done
 Has many forms
TWO MAJOR FORMS:
1. Potential
2. Kinetic
An object gains energy when raised from the ground and
loses energy when made to fall. The energy gained or lost by
the object is called gravitational potential energy or simply
potential energy (PE).
GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY
(GPE) or POTENTIAL ENERGY
 The stored energy that a body possesses
 Thisenergy depends on the mass and
height of the object
 The height can be measured relative to
an assigned level. But usually, the
common reference level is the ground.
To express GPE mathematically,

GPE = mass acceleration due to gravity height

GPE = m g h
The magnitude of acceleration due to gravity (g)
is 9.8 m/s2

The unit for GPE is joule (J)

“ How is height related to
gravitational potential
energy?
”
The potential energy gained and lost by an object is dependent on the
reference level.
Sample problems
1. A football player throws a ball with a mass of 0.34 kg.
What is the gravitational potential energy of the ball
when it is 5.0 m above the ground?
2. A 2.0-kg book is on a shelf that is 1.6 m high. What is
the gravitational potential energy of the book relative to
the ground?
3. A 36-kg girl walks to the top of stairs that are 2.0-m
high. How much gravitational potential energy does the
girl gain?
Sample problems
1. What is the GPE of a 150 kg object
suspended 5 m above the Earth’s
surface?
2. A 7-kg box is lifted from the garage floor
and is placed on top of a cabinet. If the
box gains 150 J of GPE, how high is the
cabinet?
3. Compute the mass of a man who climbs
a wall that is 4 m high and gains 2500 J
of GPE.
TRY IT OUT!
1. Determine the amount of GPE
of a 1.5 kg book that is moved
to three different shelves. The
heights of the shelves are 2.0
m, 2.5 m, and 3.0 m.
TRY IT OUT!
1. Determine the amount of GPE of a 1.5 kg
book that is moved to three different
shelves. The heights of the shelves are 2.0 m,
2.5 m, and 3.0 m.
2. In 1993, Cuban Athlete Javier Sotomayor set
the world record for the high jump. The GPE
associated with Sotomayor’s jump was 1970
J. His mass was 82.0 kg. how high was his
jump?
3. The world record for pole vaulting is 6.15 m. if
the pole vaulter’s GPE is 4942 J, what is his
mass?
4. What is the GPE of a 1-kg box that is
placed on a shelf that is 3 m high?
5. What is the mass of an object whose GPE
is 12 000 J and is positioned 60 m from the
ground?
POTENTIAL OR KINETIC?
1. An airplane in flight. 10. A rock sitting at the edge of a
2. A baseball thrown by a pitcher. cliff.

3. A stretched spring in a pinball 11. Tree branches high up in a tree.

machine. 12. An asteroid falling to earth.
4. A downhill skier traveling down a 13. A stick of dynamite.
hill. 14. Water stored behind dam.
5. Arrow in the stretched bow.
15. A bullet fired from a gun
6. A car traveling down the road. 16. A rotating ceiling fan or the
7. Gasoline stored in a container. exhaust blower in a room
8. A river flowing at a certain speed. 17. Earth rotates around its own axis
9. An insect flying. with constant angular speed
KINETIC ENERGY (KE)
 The energy possessed by a body because of its motion
 Some forms of kinetic energy:
1. Vibrational
2. Rotational
3. Translational- movement of a body from one point to
another
 Two quantities that affect the amount of kinetic energy:
1. Velocity
2. Mass
KE is mathematically expressed as:

KE = ½ mv2

m- mass of the body

v- velocity
Unit for KE is also joule (J)
Sample Problems
1. What is the Kinetic Energy of a 150 kg object
that is moving with a speed of 15 m/s?
2. What is the Kinetic Energy of a 1200 kg object
that is moving with a speed of 24 m/s?
3. What is the Kinetic Energy of a 478 kg object
that is moving with a speed of 15 m/s?
4. What is the Kinetic Energy of a 100 kg object
that is moving with a speed of 12.5 m/s?
 TRY IT OUT!
1. A 650-kg roller coaster car moves at 19 m/s.
Determine its KE.
2. What is the KE of a 60-kg man running at a speed of
8.0 m/s?
3. What is the kinetic energy of a 200-kg roller coaster
car that is moving with a speed of 12.0 m/s?
4. A father and son went jogging. If the son weighs 50 kg
and the father 75 kg, and both of them ran at a
speed of 2 m/s, who had the greater kinetic energy?
 PRACTICE MORE!
5. An object has a kinetic energy of 25 J and a mass of
34 kg , how fast is the object moving?
6. An object moving with a speed of 35 m/s and has a
kinetic energy of 1500 J, what is the mass of the
object.
7. An object has a kinetic energy of 14 J and a mass of
17 kg , how fast is the object moving?
8. An object moving with a speed of 67 m/s and has a
kinetic energy of 500 J, what is the mass of the
object?
 PRACTICE MORE!
9. An object has a kinetic energy of 88 J and a mass of
45 kg , how fast is the object moving?
10. An object moving with a speed of 21 m/s and has a
kinetic energy of 140 J, what is the mass of the
object?
What have you learned? Potential & Kinetic
(1/2 CROSSWISE) Show your solutions.
1. You serve a volley ball with a mass of 2.1 kg. The ball
leaves your hand at 30 m/s. The ball has __________
energy. Calculate it.
2. There is a bell at the top of a tower that is 45 meters
high. The bell weighs 190 N. The bell has __________
energy. Calculate it.
3. The potential energy of an apple is 6.0 joules. The
apple is 3 meters high. What is the mass of the apple?
4. What is the velocity of a 500 kg elevator that has 4000
J of energy?
QUIZ (1/2 CROSSWISE) Show your solutions.

1. Mickey, a 60 kg man, is a platform diver at the ocean

park. If the kinetic energy of Mickey right before he hits
the pool of water is 5000 J, what is his speed?
2. An elevator has a kinetic energy of 5000 J. What is the
speed of the elevator if its mass is 400 kg?
3. A carriage is rolling down a hill at 18 m/s. If the carriage
has 90 J of KE, what is the mass of the carriage?
4. 40 kg boy and his 90 kg father went brisk walking. Both
walked at a rate of 2 m/s. who had more kinetic
energy?
POWER
 Tells you the rate at which work is done or how
fast energy is being used
 Mathematically,
POWER= work
time
P=W
t
Unit for power is joule/second or watt (W)
Sample Problem 1
 Mang Lino did not have a good day yesterday. His
jeepney stopped in the middle of the street. He
called for some volunteers to help him push the
vehicle 150 m away from where it stopped. The
amount of force that they applied to the jeepney
was 1 200 N. They pushed the jeepney for 15
minutes. Determine the power of the volunteers
who pushed the vehicle.
Sample problems

2. A motor does 5 000 J of work in 20

seconds. What is the power of the
motor?

3. A machine does 1 500 J of work in 30

seconds. What is the power of this
machine?
Sample problem 4

 Juan has 5 W of power while lifting a

box to a height of 4 m. In doing so, he
exerts 90 N of force. How long did he
do the task?
Sample problem 5

A 190, 000 W engine can accelerate

from rest to a top speed in 9 seconds.
How much work did the engine do?
Sample problem 6

 Ifa runner exerts 350 J of work to

make 125 W of power, then how long
did it take the runner to do the work?
Sample problem 7

 Another engine reaches its top speed

from rest in 7.5 s. It is able to perform
250, 000 J of work in that time. How
much power does this engine have in
that time?