H

Higgs Highlights from CMS

Jan Steggemann
CERN LHC Seminar
12 September 2023
 Where we stand
mH: Free parameter in the Standard Model

Once we know the mass, we know the couplings to

SM particles, and can calculate all production and
decay rates.

Also important ingredient for EW precision tests and

for the stability of the EW vacuum.

κb and κt: Numerous BSM models lead to

modifications of Higgs couplings to fermions:
Precision needed!

EFT/anomalous couplings: A number of full run 2

results released, but targeting more production
ttH(bb) and VH(bb) inputs based on partial run 2 data modes
Nature 607 (2022) 60-68 2
 Today’s menu:
New analyses with the full run 2 dataset
CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
250
Data
H(125) CMS Preliminary 59.7 fb-1 (13 TeV)
qq→ZZ*, Zγ *

Events
200 10
6 FH SL QCD ttB ttC t t LF t DL Postfit
gg→ZZ*, Zγ * ttV V+jets ttγ VV tHW
Z+X tHq ttH Data Syst
Events/(2 GeV)

5 ≥ 4 b-tags ≥ 4 b-tags ≥ 3 b-tags

10
7 jets 8 jets ≥ 9 jets 5 jets ≥ 6 jets 3 jets ≥ 4 jets
4
10 ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC cats.
150 3
tHq tHW ttH+ttB tHq tHW ttH+ttB ttH+ttB
10 cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat.

102

10
100

3) EFT/anomalous
1

1.4

Events/bkg
1.20 20 40 60 80 100
50

couplings in H→WW
1.0
0.8
0.6
0 20 40 60 80 100

Brand new for this LHC

0 2018 discriminant bins
Data/Pred.

2) Measurement of ttH and tH

1.5

seminar/Higgs Hunting
1

0.5

0
production with H→bb
2023!
70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
m4l (GeV)
New for EPS-HEP 2023
1) Measurement of mH and the
Higgs width in the H→ZZ→4l final
state We also recently released two measurements of
Brand new for Higgs Hunting high-pT Higgs production in bb (CMS-PAS-HIG-21-020)
2023/this LHC seminar! and ττ (CMS-PAS-HIG-21-017) final states (no time to cover today)
3
Contrasts could barely be more pronounced
CMS Preliminary
-1
138 fb (13 TeV) CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)

Events /(bin width)

250 SL (≥ 5 jets, ≥ 4 b-tags) data signal x 50

Branching fractions
Data 10
6
Prefit ttLF ttC
H(125) ttB
signal
qq→ZZ*, Zγ * 5
t
200 10 V+jets ttV

H→bb: 58%
gg→ZZ*, Zγ *
Z+X tHW (SM) tHq (SM)
Events/(2 GeV)

104

150
H→ZZ: 2.7% 10
3

100
H→ZZ→4l: 0.01% (l=e,μ) 102

10

50 1

10− 1
0 1.5 5 6 7 8 9
Data/Pred.

total MC
data
1.5
1
1

0.5 0.5
0 5 6 7 8 9
70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 Number of jets
m4l (GeV)

H→ZZ→4l: As clean as it gets ttH(bb): As busy as it gets

1% mass resolution 10% mass resolution
Large S/B A priori tiny S/B

σggH /σttH ∼ 100

4
 CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019
-1
CMS Preliminary 138 fb (13 TeV)
250
Data
H(125)
qq→ZZ*, Zγ *
200
gg→ZZ*, Zγ *

Events / 2 GeV
Z+X

150

100

50

0
70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
m4l (GeV)

1) Measurement of mH and the Higgs width in the

H→ZZ→4l final state

5
 Previous mass measurements
ATLAS-CMS run 1: 125.09 ± 0.24 GeV
Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 (2015) 191803

CMS early run 2: 125.38 ± 0.14 GeV This has for a long time been the most
Phys. Lett. B 805 (2020) 135425 precise measurement, and has been
CMS used in all recent CMS results
Run 1: 5.1 fb-1 (7 TeV) + 19.7 fb-1 (8 TeV) Total Stat. Only
2016: 35.9 fb-1 (13 TeV)
Total (Stat. Only)
Run 1 H→γ γ 124.70 ± 0.34 ( ± 0.31) GeV

Run 1 H→ ZZ→ 4l 125.59 ± 0.46 ( ± 0.42) GeV

Run 1 Combined 125.07 ± 0.28 ( ± 0.26) GeV

2016 H→γ γ 125.78 ± 0.26 ( ± 0.18) GeV

2016 H→ ZZ→ 4l 125.26 ± 0.21 ( ± 0.19) GeV

2016 Combined 125.46 ± 0.16 ( ± 0.13) GeV

Run 1 + 2016 125.38 ± 0.14 ( ± 0.11) GeV

122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129

mH (GeV)
6
 Previous mass measurements
ATLAS-CMS run 1: 125.09 ± 0.24 GeV
Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 (2015) 191803

CMS early run 2: 125.38 ± 0.14 GeV ATLAS full run 2: 125.11 ± 0.11 GeV
Phys. Lett. B 805 (2020) 135425 2308.04775 (sub. to PRL)
CMS
Run 1: 5.1 fb-1 (7 TeV) + 19.7 fb-1 (8 TeV) Total Stat. Only
2016: 35.9 fb-1 (13 TeV)
Total (Stat. Only)
Run 1 H→γ γ 124.70 ± 0.34 ( ± 0.31) GeV

Run 1 H→ ZZ→ 4l 125.59 ± 0.46 ( ± 0.42) GeV

Run 1 Combined 125.07 ± 0.28 ( ± 0.26) GeV

2016 H→γ γ 125.78 ± 0.26 ( ± 0.18) GeV

2016 H→ ZZ→ 4l 125.26 ± 0.21 ( ± 0.19) GeV

2016 Combined 125.46 ± 0.16 ( ± 0.13) GeV

Run 1 + 2016 125.38 ± 0.14 ( ± 0.11) GeV

122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129

mH (GeV)
7
 Precision in H→ZZ→4l
ATLAS run 1: 0.52 GeV
CMS run 1: 0.46 GeV

CMS early run 2: 0.21 GeV ATLAS full run 2: 0.18 GeV
Phys. Lett. B 805 (2020) 135425 2308.04775 (sub. to PRL)
CMS
Run 1: 5.1 fb-1 (7 TeV) + 19.7 fb-1 (8 TeV) Total Stat. Only
2016: 35.9 fb-1 (13 TeV)
Total (Stat. Only)
Run 1 H→γ γ 124.70 ± 0.34 ( ± 0.31) GeV

Run 1 H→ ZZ→ 4l 125.59 ± 0.46 ( ± 0.42) GeV

Run 1 Combined 125.07 ± 0.28 ( ± 0.26) GeV

2016 H→γ γ 125.78 ± 0.26 ( ± 0.18) GeV

2016 H→ ZZ→ 4l 125.26 ± 0.21 ( ± 0.19) GeV

2016 Combined 125.46 ± 0.16 ( ± 0.13) GeV

Run 1 + 2016 125.38 ± 0.14 ( ± 0.11) GeV

122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129

mH (GeV)
8
Event Selection and Datasets
Standard H→ZZ selection targeting H→ZZ→4μ, Legacy reprocessing: Improved
2μ2e, 4e final states: tracker alignment → much reduced
additive muon scale correction λ
• Muons: pT > 5 GeV, |η| < 2.4, loosely isolated
• Electrons: pT > 7 GeV, |η| < 2.5, BDT-based
ID/isolation

Two of those need to have

pT > 20 GeV and pT > 10 GeV

Determine best ZZ candidate

using a number of kinematic
criteria

CMS DP-2020/04
9
Event Selection and Datasets
Standard H→ZZ selection targeting H→ZZ→4μ,
2μ2e, 4e final states: Updated ECAL calibration
→ Improved ECAL energy resolution
• Muons: pT > 5 GeV, |η| < 2.4, loosely isolated
• Electrons: pT > 7 GeV, |η| < 2.5, BDT-based
ID/isolation

Two of those need to have

pT > 20 GeV and pT > 10 GeV

Determine best ZZ candidate

using a number of kinematic
criteria

CMS DP-2020/021
10
Three main improvements Improves resolution by 5-8%
in the 4μ final state
1) Introduced a beam spot constraint in the
13 TeV
muon momentum reconstruction (VXBS) CMS Simulation Preliminary

σ68% = 1.17 4μ
25
σ68%
VXBS
= 1.11

Events / 1 GeV
20

15

10

0
105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140
m4µ (GeV)
CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019
11
Three main improvements
1) Introduced a beam spot constraint in the
muon momentum reconstruction (VXBS) CMS Preliminary
-1
138 fb (13 TeV)
250
Data
Resolution further improved with H(125)
qq→ZZ*, Zγ *
kinematic fit, constraining the 200
gg→ZZ*, Zγ *

higher-mass Z boson candidate to

Events / 2 GeV
Z+X

be consistent with the expected Z 150

boson lineshape
100
Resulting mass distribution
(all final states) 50

Select range 105-140 GeV for

0
further analysis 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
m4l (GeV)
CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 12
Three main improvements
1) Introduced a beam spot constraint in the CMS Simulation Preliminary 13 TeV
muon momentum reconstruction (VXBS) 12
H→ ZZ* → 4l
σ68%
1st bin
= 0.87 GeV
68%
2) Categorise events based on per-event 10
σ2nd bin
= 1.00 GeV
σ68% = 1.12 GeV
four-lepton mass uncertainty m4l/m4l 3rd bin

arbitrary units
68%
8 σ4th bin
= 1.23 GeV
σ68%
5th bin
= 1.34 GeV
• Start from single-lepton resolution based on 6 σ68% = 1.60 GeV
6th bin
covariance matrix σ68%
7th bin
= 1.80 GeV
• Derive corrections with Z→ll events in bins of
4
σ68%
8th bin
= 2.25 GeV
σ68% = 3.15 GeV
pT and η 2
9th bin

• Resolutions are propagated to four-lepton

candidate to predict m4l 0
105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140
m4l (GeV)

CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 13
𝝳
𝝳
Three main improvements
Resulting distributions show excellent agreement of data and predictions,
validating the resolution model

-1
CMS Preliminary 138 fb (13 TeV) CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
Data
160 Data 100 H(125)
H(125) qq→ZZ*, Zγ *
140 qq→ZZ*, Zγ * gg→ZZ*, Zγ *
gg→ZZ*, Zγ * Z+X
Z+X
80
120
Events / bin

Events / bin
100
60

80

60 40

40
20
20

0 0
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
δm4l / m4l δm4l / m4l bin category

CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 14
 Psig
D=

Three main improvements

Psig + Pbkg

-1
CMS Preliminary 138 fb (13 TeV)
Data
100
1) Introduced a beam spot constraint in the
H(125)
qq→ZZ*, Zγ *

muon momentum reconstruction (VXBS) 80

gg→ZZ*, Zγ *
Z+X

Events / bin
2) Categorise events based on per-event four-
60
lepton mass uncertainty δ4l/m4l

3) N-2D fit: 2D fit of m4l and kinematic

40

discriminant in N δm4l/m4l bins

Independent fits in each lepton final state and 20

year (different resolution and background)

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Dkin
bkg

Matrix-element based discriminant

using the MELA package
CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 15
Three main improvements: Summary
1) Introduced a beam spot constraint in the ~5% improvement (15% with kinematic fit)
muon momentum reconstruction (VXBS)

2) Categorise events based on per-event four- 8% improvement

lepton mass uncertainty δ4l/m4l

3) N-2D fit: 2D fit of m4l and kinematic 4% improvement

discriminant in N δm4l/m4l bins
Independent fits in each lepton final state and
year (different resolution and background)

16
Resulting mass measurement:
Most precise measurement in single channel!
CMS Preliminary
First, validate with Z → 4l: Run 2: 138 fb-1 (13 TeV) Total Stat. Only
mZ = 91.17 ± 0.12 GeV ✅
Run 1: 5.1 fb-1 (7 TeV) + 19.7 fb-1 (8 TeV)
Total (Stat. Only)
4µ 124.90+0.15 +0.14
-0.15 -0.14 ) GeV
(

Then, extract mass with 1D fit: 4e 124.70+0.53 +0.49

-0.51 -0.47 ) GeV
(
mH = 124.98 ± 0.14 (stat.) ± 0.05 (syst.) GeV
2e2µ 125.50+0.27 +0.25
-0.26 -0.24 ) GeV
(

Finally, with the full fit configuration: 125.20+0.29 +0.27

2µ2e -0.27 -0.26 ) GeV
(

mH = 125.04 ± 0.12 (stat.) ± 0.05 (syst.) GeV Run 2 125.04+0.12 +0.11

-0.12 -0.11 ) GeV
(

Run 1 125.60+0.46 +0.43

-0.45 -0.41 ) GeV
(
Dominated by statistical uncertainties.
125.08+0.12 +0.10
-0.12 -0.10 ) GeV
(
Main systematic uncertainties: Run 1 + Run 2

Muon (0.03%) and electron (0.15%) scale 122 124 126 128 130
uncertainties mH (GeV)

CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 17
 Measuring the Higgs width: On-shell
CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV) 180
1
4μ final state Data
Higgs width in the SM: 0.9
Observed
160 H(125)
qq→ZZ*, Zγ *
4.1 MeV 0.8
Expected 140 gg→ZZ*, Zγ *

Events / 2 GeV
Z+X
0.7
120

→ Result dominated by
0.6
100

1-CL
experimental resolution
0.5
80
0.4
68% CL
0.3 60
Width extracted from 4l 40
0.2
analysis just discussed, with a 0.1 20
1D fit including the improved 0
95% CL

muon momentum 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0
70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
ΓH (GeV) m4µ (GeV)
reconstruction (VXBS)
Observed width narrower than expected, so using
95% CL upper limit: Feldman-Cousins approach to have correct coverage
0.33 GeV obs. (0.75 exp.)
CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 18
 Measuring the Higgs width: Off-shell
Proposed by Kaola/Melnikov and Campbell et al
CMS Simulation 13 TeV
104
gg→2l2ν (l=e, µ)
σo −shell /σon−shell ∝Γ
3
10
2
| |2
SM H signal ( H )
10
SM contin. (|C|2)
dσ / dm2l2ν (fb/GeV)

10
|2
For SM width (4.1 MeV):
1 SM total (|H+C )
Interference dominates w.r.t. pure H signal
10 −1 |H|2+|C|2
−2
→ deficit w.r.t. SM continuum ZZ production
10
−3 (which would also correspond to zero width)
10
10−4 2mt
10−5 For larger width values, H signal term starts
−6 to dominate
10 mZZ threshold
10−7 (SM width value fairly close to giving
100 200 300 500 1000 2000 maximal negative interference)
m2l2ν (GeV)

Nat. Phys. 18 (2022) 1329

ff
19
Off-shell Higgs width: Previous results
CMS ≤140 fb-1 (13 TeV)

-2ln(λ)
14 2l2ν+4l off-shell + 4l on-shell 20 ATLAS Obs-Stat. only
2l2ν off-shell + 4l on-shell Obs-Sys
18 On + Off-shell combined Exp-Stat. only
12 4l off-shell + 4l on-shell
13 TeV, 139 fb-1 Exp-Sys
16 + 0.6 + 0.8
Obs-Stat. only: 1.1 Exp-Stat. only: 1.0
10 Observed − 0.5 − 0.9
14 Obs-Sys: 1.1
+ 0.7
− 0.6
Exp-Sys: 1.0
+ 0.9
− 0.9
Expected
12
-2 ∆ lnL

8
10
6
8
4 6 2σ
95% CL
4
2
68% CL 2 1σ

0
0 5 10 15
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
ΓH (MeV)
ΓH/ ΓSM
+2.4
H
First measurement: ΓH = 3.2−1.7 MeV +3.3
using partial run 2 data for H→4l
ΓH = 4.5−2.5 MeV
November 2021 LHC seminar (U. Sarica) November 2022 LHC seminar (R. Coelho Lopes De Sa)

Nat. Phys. 18 (2022) 1329 2304.01532 (Sub. to PLB) 20

 bsi: background-signal

Off-shell Higgs width: Strategy interference

dec: decay information

m4l > 220 GeV;

3 categories
based on MELA
discriminants

CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV) CMS Preliminary -1

138 fb (13 TeV) CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
4
VBF+dec bkg
Dbkg > 0.6 VBFtagged 7 90 Dkin > 0.6 Untagged
3.5
m4l > 340 GeV VHtagged
Data Data 80 Data
6
3 EW→4l s+b+i EW→4l s+b+i EW→4l s+b+i
70
Events / bin

Events / bin
Events / bin
gg →4l s+b+i 5 gg →4l s+b+i gg →4l s+b+i
2.5 60
qq→4l bkg qq→4l bkg qq→4l bkg
Z+X
4 Z+X 50 Z+X
2
3 40
1.5
30
1 2
20
0.5 1
10

0 0 0
−1 −0.8 −0.6 −0.4 −0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
DVBF+dec DVH+dec
bkg m4l (GeV)
bsi

CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 21
Off-shell Higgs width: Results
CMS Preliminary -1
138 fb (13 TeV)
-1 20
CMS Preliminary 138 fb (13 TeV)
6 20
SM
18
Observed
best fit
5 68% CL 16 15
95% CL Expected
14

-2 ∆ln L
4
12

-2 ∆ ln L
µoff-shell

10
3 10
V

8
2
6
5
95% CL
4
1
2 68% CL

0 0 0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 5 10 15
µoff-shell
F
Γ (MeV)
Signal strengths for off-shell VBF/VH Extracted width: ΓH = +2.3
2.9−1.7
MeV
production (μV) and for ggF (μF) consistent
Consistent with SM and confirms previous
with SM expectation
results CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 22
 CMS Preliminary 59.7 fb-1 (13 TeV)

Events
10
6 FH SL QCD ttB ttC t t LF t DL Postfit
ttV V+jets ttγ VV tHW
10
5 ≥ 4 b-tags ≥ 4 b-tags tHq ttH Data Syst ≥ 3 b-tags
7 jets 8 jets ≥ 9 jets 5 jets ≥ 6 jets 3 jets ≥ 4 jets
104 ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC cats.
tHq tHW ttH+ttB tHq tHW ttH+ttB ttH+ttB
3 cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat.
10

102

10

1.4
Events/bkg

1.20 20 40 60 80 100
1.0
0.8
0.6
0 20 40 60 80 100
2018 discriminant bins

2) Measurement of ttH and tH production with H→bb

CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011

23
ttH/tH with H→bb: signature

With t→bW and W→lν or W→jj:

The usual three tt final states (dilepton, l+jets, fully-hadronic) + H→bb decay:

ttH(bb): 4b + (0, 1, 2 leptons) + jets

tHq(bb): 3b + (0, 1 leptons) + jets (including forward jet)
tHW(bb): 3b + (0, 1, 2 leptons) + jets

Essential: b-tagging! DeepJet algorithm improves efficiency by 5-10% at same mistag rate
Operate at 75-80% signal efficiency, 1.5-2% mistag rate for light-flavoured jets
DeepJet: JINST 15 (2020) P12012 CMS-DP-2021-004
CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 24
Backgrounds are crucial
In particular the irreducible tt+bb background:
Lots of work on the theory side, coordinated by the
LHC Higgs WG, in the past years

Based on these recommendations, new setup for ttbb

simulation:
• NLO accuracy simulation using Powheg-Box-Res (Jezo
et al) with OpenLoops (Buccioni et al) in the 4FS
• 4FS preferred since additional b jets are simulated at
the ME level
• μR and μF chosen based on several phenomenological
studies (YR4 Jezo et al Cascioli et al Buccioni et al)

DeepJet: JINST 15 (2020) P12012 CMS-DP-2021-004

CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 25
Strategy: Fully-hadronic channel (FH)
Categories based on n(jets) and n(b-tags)
• Three signal regions, requiring
60(72) GeV < mqq < 100(90) GeV
• For each signal region two loose b-tag control regions:
One to estimate the QCD background; the other to
train the ANNs
• Three further validation regions with mqq outside of
the signal window

Train artificial neural network (ANN) against all

backgrounds, using various inputs:
• kinematic variables
• matrix element discriminant

Fit ANN discriminant output

CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 26
Strategy: Dilepton channel (DL)
Two Categories based on n(jets) and n(b-tags)

In the most signal-sensitive category, train

multi-class ANN:
• b-tag information is used as input (via a b-tag likelihood
ratio)
• Events are assigned to most probable category

Fit variables:
•Joint ttH & ttB category: Likelihood ratio of ANN outputs
• tt+C, tt+LF: Event yield

CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 27
 Strategy: Lepton+jets channel (LJ)
Two categories based on n(jets)
and n(b-tags)

Compared to DL channel:
• More fine-grained
background categories
• Likelihood ratio only with
respect to tt+b(b) events
• Dedicated tHq and tHW nodes
• Additional ANN inputs:
• H→bb candidate identified
with dedicated BDT
• Fine-grained b-tag
information
tt+2b: 2 b hadrons close
enough to be in a single jet CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 28
 Validation plots
CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV) CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV) CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
Events /(bin width)

Events /(bin width)

Events /(bin width)

8
FH (≥ 7 jets, ≥ 2 b-tags) data DL (≥ 4 jets, ≥ 3 b-tags) 10 SL (≥ 6 jets, ≥ 4 b-tags)
signal x 1200 data ttLF data ttLF
10
9
QCD (MC) 107
Prefit ttLF Postfit ttC ttB Postfit ttC ttB
ttC 107
8 ttB 6 t
10 V+jets 10 ttV t ttV
ttV t ttγ 6
signal 10 signal V+jets
7 VV signal 5 V+jets
10 10
tHW (SM) tHq (SM) tHq (SM) tHW (SM) 5 tHW (SM) tHq (SM)
10
10
6
104
104
5 3
10 10 3
10

104 102
102
3
10 10
10

102 1 1

10 10− 1 10− 1

1 10− 2 10− 2
1.5 7 8 9 10 1.50 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 1.50 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
total MC

total MC

total MC
data

data

data
1 1 1

0.5 0.5 0.5

7 8 9 10 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Number of jets min ∆R (bb) MEM

pre-fit Scaled to the outcome of the final fit to data

QCD dominant background Good modelling of observables sensitive to relative
(here from MC) ratio of different tt+B components (e.g. gluon splitting)

CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 29
 CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011

Fitted distributions (2018)

CMS Preliminary -1
59.7 fb (13 TeV)
Events

10
6 FH SL QCD ttB ttC t t LF t DL Postfit
ttV V+jets ttγ VV tHW
10
5 ≥ 4 b-tags ≥ 4 b-tags tHq ttH Data Syst ≥ 3 b-tags
7 jets 8 jets ≥ 9 jets 5 jets ≥ 6 jets 3 jets ≥ 4 jets
104 ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC cats.
tHq tHW ttH+ttB tHq tHW ttH+ttB ttH+ttB
3 cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat.
10

102

10

1.4
Events/bkg

1.20 20 40 60 80 100
1.0
0.8
0.6
0 20 40 60 80 100

other years in backup 2018 discriminant bins

30
 CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011

Results
CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)

µ tot stat syst

+0.49 +0.25 +0.42
FH 0.84 -0.46 -0.25 -0.39

+0.33 +0.21 +0.25

SL 0.46 -0.33 -0.21 -0.26

+0.41 +0.31 +0.26

DL -0.23 -0.42 -0.31 -0.29

+0.42 +0.25 +0.33

2016 0.49 -0.40 -0.25 -0.32

+0.38 +0.24 +0.29

2017 0.32 -0.37 -0.24 -0.28

+0.34 +0.21 +0.27

2018 0.23 -0.34 -0.21 -0.27

+0.26 +0.17 +0.21

Combined 0.33 -0.26 -0.16 -0.21

0 5 10

µ = σ/ σSM

Deficit of a bit more than 2 standard deviations w.r.t. As in previous ttH(bb) analyses,
the SM prediction, with syst. unc. > stat. unc. larger ttB rate than expected
+0.36
Consistent with ATLAS (*) result: μ = 0.35−0.34
(*) JHEP 06 (2022) 97 31
 Systematic uncertainties Fit constraint (obs.) +1σ Impact (obs.) -1σ Impact (obs.)
Fit constraint (exp.) +1σ Impact (exp.) -1σ Impact (exp.)

CMS Preliminary +0.26

µ = 0.33 −0.26
Collinear gluon splitting
0.13
ttB normalisation 1.19−+0.12

PS scale ISR (t tB)

0.015
QCD normalisation (≥ 9 jets, 2018) 0.964−+0.016
0.016
QCD normalisation (≥ 9 jets, 2017) 0.966−+0.017
0.021
QCD normalisation (≥ 9 jets, 2016) 0.982−+0.021
0.013
QCD normalisation (8 jets, 2018) 0.982−+0.007
Jet energy scale (1)

ME-PS matching (ttLF)

MC stat. (1)
0.012
QCD normalisation (8 jets, 2017) 0.979−+0.012
Jet energy scale (2)
0.014
QCD normalisation (7 jets, 2017) 0.991−+0.006
0.014
QCD normalisation (8 jets, 2016) 0.991−+0.014

Underlying event (t t)
σ (renorm./fact. scales)
ttH

• tt+jets uncertainties most important MC stat. (2)

MC stat. (3)
0.009
QCD normalisation (7 jets, 2018) 0.987−+0.009

Also given the interesting results, extensively validated Jet energy scale (3)

−1 0 1 −0.1 0 0.1
robustness of tt+B model, e.g. using inclusive tt+jets (θ − θ0) / ∆θ ∆µ
MC, tt+B scaled by factor of 1.2
CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 32
 STXS fit
0 leptons 1 lepton 2 leptons

≥7 jets, ≥4 b-tags ≥6 jets, ≥4 b-tags 5 jets, ≥4 b-tags ≥4 jets, ≥3 b-tags

strategy multi-class
ANN
multi-class
ANN
multi-class
ANN

loose b-tag CR

loose b-tag CR

loose b-tag CR
≥9 jets

8 jets

7 jets

tt+b(b)

tt+b(b)
tt+LF

tt+LF

tt+LF
tt+2b

tt+2b

tHW
tHW
tt+H

tt+C

tt+C
tt+H

tt+H
tt+C

tt+B
tHq
tHq
Additional categories
for pT(H) bins kinematic
H reconstruction R R R

Y Y Y O O Y Y Y O O Y Y

Events assigned multi-class multi-class multi-class

pHT 120-200
pHT 200-300 ANN ANN ANN
pHT 60-120

using dedicated ANN pHT >300

pHT 0-60

that has the pT bin

pHT 120-200

pHT 200-300

pT 120-200
pHT 200-300
pHT 200-300

pHT 120-200
pHT 60-120

pHT 60-120

pHT 60-120
pHT >300

pHT >300

pHT >300
as target
pHT 0-60

pHT 0-60

pT 0-60
binary ANN

binary ANN
binary ANN

binary ANN

binary ANN

H
H
O O O O O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O R⨉O

Distribution in template fit, event yield (Y), ANN output (O), likelihood ratio of ANN outputs (R)

CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 33
 CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011

STXS distributions (2018)

CMS Preliminary -1
59.7 fb (13 TeV)
Events

10
6
SL ttB ttC t t LF t ttV DL Postfit
5
V+jets ttγ VV ttH 1 ttH 2
10 ≥ 4 b-tags ttH 3 ttH 4 ttH 5 Data Syst ≥ 3 b-tags
104 5 jets ≥ 6 jets ≥ 4 jets
pHT bin pHT bin pHT bin
3
10 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
Additional categories
2
for pT(H) bins
10
10
1
Events/bkg Signal

10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
1
−1
10
1.40 10 20 30 40 50 60
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
2018 discriminant bins
34
 Fitting a single inclusive μ value gives results
STXS Results that are consistent with the inclusive fit within 3%
but 20% larger uncertainties
CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)

CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)

µ tot stat syst 1

+1.90 +1.24 +1.44 µ5 0.025 0.019 -0.022 -0.144 1.000 0.8

[0, 60[ 0.23 -1.78 -1.24 -1.27 ttH
0.6
4
µ 0.016
+1.35 +1.00 +0.91 -0.003 -0.244 1.000 -0.144 0.4
[60, 120[ 0.06 -1.39 -1.00 -0.96 ttH
0.2

+0.95 +0.69 +0.65 µ3 0.081 -0.415 1.000 -0.244 -0.022 0

[120, 200[ 1.14 -0.86 -0.69 -0.52 ttH
−0.2

+0.89 +0.65 +0.60 µ2 -0.567 1.000 -0.415 -0.003 0.019 −0.4

[200, 300[ 0.19 -0.90 -0.65 -0.62 ttH
−0.6

+1.01 +0.80 +0.61 µ1 1.000 -0.567 0.081 0.016 0.025 −0.8

[300, ∞[ -1.20 -1.05 -0.78 -0.71 ttH
−1
µ 1 µ 2 µ 3 µ 4 µ 5
0 5 10
ttH ttH ttH ttH ttH
µ = σ/ σSM
Quite significant correlations in
Consistent with SM within 1.3σ the first few bins
CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 35
Including tH as signal

Fit with μttH = 1 Joint fit:

ttH and tH results nearly uncorrelated
CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 36
Probing the CP structure of the top-Higgs coupling

Dividing into pure CP-even (κt) and

pure CP-odd (κ̃t) components

tH cross section grows for significant

CP admixture (opposite but less
pronounced for ttH)

Observed constraints consistent with

SM (κt = 1, κ̃t = 0) at the 2 SD level

Results in terms of mixing angle and CP fraction in backup

CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 37
 CMS-PAS-HIG-22-008

3) Chasing new physics in H→WW decays

38
 CMS-PAS-HIG-22-008

H→WW: Anomalous couplings in production

and decay

• Looking for anomalous HVV and Hgg couplings using:

1. the two quark jets from VBF/VH production
2. the H→WW decay products
3. the two quark jets from ggH + 2-jet production

• Kinematic discriminants built using the MELA package

• Two approaches for HVV couplings with different relations/symmetry assumptions,

giving 4 or 3 anomalous couplings
➡In the latter case, translation to SMEFT Higgs and Warsaw bases possible (and reported) 39
 CMS-PAS-HIG-22-008

H→WW anomalous couplings: Results

CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV) CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
102
Events / bin

Data Syst.
500 [DVBF, mll, DΛ 1]
Observed, fix others
Higgs boson Multiboson
DY Nonprompt VBF
WW tW and tt Expected, fix others
400
Observed, float others
mll = 45 GeV

mll = 45 GeV
DVBF = 0.75
300 Expected, float others

-2D ln L
200
10

100

5
95% CL
Data/Expected

2
1.5 Bin number
1 68% CL
0.5
0 0
0 10 20 30 40 -1 -0.8-0.6-0.4-0.2 -0.02 0 0.02 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Bin number fL1

fΛ1 scan in
Fit DΛ1 in bins of mll/DVBF
3-parameter model
(targeting Λ1 in VBF)
40
 CMS-PAS-HIG-22-008

Constraints in SMEFT Higgs basis

CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
10 CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
1

Correlations
9
Observed ~ 0.8
czz 1
8
Expected 0.6
7
0.4
6 czz
-2∆ ln L

1 0.38
0.2
5
0
4 95% CL

cz −0.2
1 0.12 0.51
3
−0.4
2
68% CL −0.6
1
δcz 1 0.07 0.83 0.39
−0.8
0
−0.2 −0.15 −0.1 −0.05 0 0.05 0.1 0.15
~ −1
cz δcz cz czz czz

Results consistent with the SM (91% compatibility)

Sensitivity similar to H→ZZ (Phys. Rev. D 104 (2021) 052004)
41
 Summary CMS Preliminary
Run 2: 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
Run 1: 5.1 fb-1 (7 TeV) + 19.7 fb-1 (8 TeV)
Total Stat. Only
Total (Stat. Only)
4µ 124.90+0.15 +0.14
-0.15 -0.14 ) GeV
(

1) Most precise mH measurement in a single channel: 4e 124.70+0.53 +0.49

-0.51 -0.47 ) GeV
(

mH = 125.08 ± 0.12 GeV 125.50+0.27 +0.25

2e2µ -0.26 -0.24 ) GeV
(

125.20+0.29 +0.27

Now almost certain that it will round to 125 GeV!

2µ2e -0.27 -0.26 ) GeV
(

Run 2 125.04+0.12 +0.11

-0.12 -0.11 ) GeV
(

Run 1 125.60+0.46 +0.43

-0.45 -0.41 ) GeV
(

Constraints on the Higgs boson width consistent with Run 1 + Run 2 125.08+0.12 +0.10
-0.12 (-0.10 ) GeV

previous evidence 122 124 126 128 130

m4l (GeV)

2) Updated measurement of ttH(bb) production, with a

significant increase in expected sensitivity, and an
observed signal strength of 0.33 ± 0.26

3) New search for anomalous couplings in H→WW decays

and derived EFT constraints

Thanks to all the analysis teams for their tremendous

efforts! 42
Additional information

43
 Vacuum stability
Via CERN courier, based on
Particle Data Group/JHEP
12 089

The results presented in

this talk will tighten the
constraints

44
 H→ZZ→4l
-1
CMS Preliminary 138 fb (13 TeV)
Signal parameterisation: 80 Signal
Double-side Crystal Ball Bkg
70 Signal+bkg
(DCSB) + Landau

Events / 1 GeV
60 Data

For on-shell width, 50

convoluted with Breit- 40
Wigner 30
20
Irreducible backgrounds:
3rd order Bernstein 10
polynomial 0
105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140
Reducible backgrounds: m4l (GeV)
Landau function
CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 45
 CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV) CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)

H→ZZ→4l
180 30
Data Data
160 H(125) H(125)
qq→ZZ*, Zγ * 25 qq→ZZ*, Zγ *

mass
140 gg→ZZ*, Zγ * gg→ZZ*, Zγ *

Events / 2 GeV

Events / 2 GeV
Z+X Z+X
120 20

100

distributions 80

60
15

10

40
5
20

0 0
70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
m4µ (GeV) m4e (GeV)

CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV) CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
60
Data Data
30 H(125) H(125)
qq→ZZ*, Zγ * 50 qq→ZZ*, Zγ *
gg→ZZ*, Zγ * gg→ZZ*, Zγ *
25
Events / 2 GeV

Events / 2 GeV
Z+X Z+X
40
20

30
15

20
10

5 10

0 0
CMS-PAS-HIG-21-019 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
m2µ2e (GeV) m2e2µ (GeV) 46
 Comparison with other ttH measurements
138 fb-1 (13 TeV)
CMS ±1 SD (stat ⊕ syst)
Observed
Preliminary
±1 SD (syst) ±1 SD (stat)

Stat Syst
µ4l
ttH
Eur. Phys. J. C 81 (2021) 488 0.17 +−0.94
0.17
+0.88
−0.17
+0.42
−0.00

Similar sensitivity as µbb

multilepton measurement
ttH
+0.17 +0.20
HIG−19−011 0.33 ±0.26 −0.16 −0.21

CMS Higgs Summary Plots

µγ γ
ttH
JHEP 07 (2021) 027 1.00 +−0.38
0.37
+0.37
−0.34
±0.06

µmultilepton
ttH
Eur. Phys. J. C 81 (2021) 378 0.92 +−0.26
0.23
±0.19
+0.17
−0.13

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Parameter value 47
ttH(bb): Systematic
uncertainties

PS scale, ME-PS matching, and collinear

gluon splitting uncertainties considered as
partially correlated between the years

CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011 48
 CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011

Fitted distributions (2016)

CMS Preliminary -1
36.3 fb (13 TeV)
Events

10
6 FH SL QCD ttB ttC t t LF t DL Postfit
ttV V+jets ttγ VV tHW
10
5 ≥ 4 b-tags ≥ 4 b-tags tHq ttH Data Syst ≥ 3 b-tags
7 jets 8 jets ≥ 9 jets 5 jets ≥ 6 jets 3 jets ≥ 4 jets
104 ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC cats.
tHq tHW ttH+ttB tHq tHW ttH+ttB ttH+ttB
3 cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat.
10
2
10

10

1.4
Events/bkg

1.20 20 40 60 80 100
1.0
0.8
0.6
0 20 40 60 80 100
2016 discriminant bins
49
 CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011

Fitted distributions (2017)

CMS Preliminary -1
41.5 fb (13 TeV)
Events

6
10 FH SL QCD ttB ttC t t LF t DL Postfit
ttV V+jets ttγ VV tHW
5
10 ≥ 4 b-tags ≥ 4 b-tags tHq ttH Data Syst ≥ 3 b-tags
7 jets 8 jets ≥ 9 jets 5 jets ≥ 6 jets 3 jets ≥ 4 jets
4
10 ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC, tt2b cats. ttLF, ttC cats.
tHq tHW ttH+ttB tHq tHW ttH+ttB ttH+ttB
3 cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat. cat.
10
2
10

10

1.4
Events/bkg

1.20 20 40 60 80 100
1.0
0.8
0.6
0 20 40 60 80 100
2017 discriminant bins
50
 CMS-PAS-HIG-19-011

ttH/tH CP results

51
 CMS-PAS-HIG-21-017

Search for boosted H→ττ decays

Measurements at high Higgs boson pT particularly sensitive to (heavy) new physics:
➡Higgs decay products merged, requiring dedicated reconstruction/boosted Higgs tagger

138 fb-1 (13 TeV)

H→ττ analysis:

dσfid/dp T(H) (fb/GeV)

τhτh -1
138 fb (13 TeV)
10−2
CMS
Preliminary
Observed
gg→H (POWHEG) + XH • targets 4 main decay modes:
Events

CMS
τhτh, μτh, eτh, and eμ
Observed H→τ τ (x10) gg→H (NNLOPS) + XH
250 Preliminary tt QCD multijet XH = VBF + VH + ttH (POWHEG)

200
Z→τ τ
Total uncert.
VV
H→τ τ (x1.6)
10−3
• dedicated reconstruction
150
10−4 algorithm
100
10−5
+0.68
50 Obs. signal strength 1.64−0.54:
0 10−6
4 H→ττ with pT(H) > 250 GeV
Obs./Exp.

Ratio to NNLOPS

1.4
1.2
1
2 established with 3.5σ
0.8
0.6
0
significance (2.2 exp.)
0.4 0.6 0.8 1 −2
500 1000 1500 2000
Signal NN score
pH (GeV)
T
52
 CMS-PAS-HIG-21-020

Search for boosted H→bb decays

Compared to previous run 2 result (JHEP 12 (2020) 085):
• Improved boosted H→bb tagger (DeepDoubleB)
• Explicitly targets VBF production - first exploration of Higgs pT > 450 GeV in VBF
production! CMS Preliminary 138 fb-1 (13 TeV)

ggF category
800 < p < 1200 GeV Per-bin fit
T
Combined fit
-1
138 fb (13 TeV)
-1
138 fb (13 TeV) SM expectation
Events / 7 GeV

Events / 7 GeV
675 < p < 800 GeV
CMS Preliminary Data Bkg. Unc. CMS Preliminary Data Bkg. Unc. T
140
3000 DDB Pass QCD W DDB Pass QCD W
ggF category Z(qq) Z(bb) VBF category Z(qq) Z(bb)
120 600 < p < 675 GeV
tt Single t tt Single t T
2500
VV Bkg. H VV Bkg. H
ggF VBF 100 ggF VBF
2000 550 < p < 600 GeV
T
80
1500
60 500 < p < 550 GeV
T

1000
40
450 < p < 500 GeV
T
500 20
−10 −5 0 5 10 µ 15
040 040 ggF
(Data - Bkg)/ σData

(Data - Bkg)/ σData

60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
mSD [GeV] 3 mSD [GeV]
2 2

VBF category
1 1
0
0 mjj > 2000 GeV
−1
−1 −2
−3
−2
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
mSD [GeV]
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
mSD [GeV] 1000 < mjj < 2000 GeV 53

+1.9 +2.1
Observed signal strengths: 2.1−1.7 (ggH) and 5.0−1.8 (VBF)
−10 −5 0 5 10 µ 15
VBF