AS PROCESS, CONDITION AND

IDEOLOGY

GLOBALIZATION
Prepared by: Prof. Ester Onag M.A. Political
Science
Globalization Intensification of worldwide social
relations which link distant localities
in such a way that local happenings
are shaped by events occurring many
miles away and vice versa (Giddens,
1990:64)
Globalization

Refers both to the compression of the

world and the intensification of
consciousness of the world as a whole
(Robertson, 1992:8)
Globalization

• Environment
• Culture
• Political system
Globalization
• Economic development
• Human Physical Well
being
Globalization
as..
Process
Globalization is viewed as a multidimensional
set of social processes that generate and
increase“worldwide social interdependencies
and exchanges while at the same time
fostering in people a growing awareness of
deepening connections between the local
and the distant” (Steger, 2005: 13)
GLOBALIZATION AS PROCESS...

• The conquest of the world market marks the

birth of modern capitalism (Marx’s Dictum
Ibid:3)
• Modern capitalism
• Eurocentrism
• Intellectual apartheid
GLOBALIZATION AS PROCESS...
Globalization
as... Globality - Refers to a social
Condition condition characterized by trans-
planetary connectivity and
supra-territoriality (Scholte,
2008)
 Trans-planetary
Relations
Establishment of social links between people
located at different places of our planet

Supra-territorial
Connection
Social connection that transcends territorial
geography
Globalization
as...
Ideology
Globalization exists in people’s
consciousness because it consists of a
set of coherent and complementary
ideas and beliefs about the global
order…
SIX CORE CLAIMS OF GLOBALIZATION

Globalization is about Nobody is in charge of

liberalization and global globalization. (self-regulating
integration of markets market)

Globalization is inevitable Globalization benefits

and irreversible. (neoliberal everyone in the long run
policies of the state)
SIX CORE CLAIMS OF GLOBALIZATION

Globalization furthers the Globalization requires a

spread of democracy global war on terrorism
Impact of Globalization on the
Academe

Transition of New Research Topics and Areas

 Domain Question of Globalization

The discussion of globalization must be

based on domain questions, which
provide the assumptive bases for
theorizing

ROBINSON (2005)
Domain Question of
Globalization
Theoretical Paradigm
Associated with
Globalization
World Systems
Paradigm
This paradigm adheres to the idea
that capitalism has created a global
enterprise that swept the 19th
century leading to the present time
DIVISION OF THE WORLD INTO THREE GREAT
REGIONS:
Theoretical Paradigm
Associated with
Globalization
Global Capitalist
Paradigm
They focus on new global production
and financial system; both are seen to
have superseded earlier national
forms of capitalism
 THREE PLANKS OF GLOBAL CAPITALISM

TRANSNATIONAL TRANSNATIONAL TRANSNATIONAL

PRODUCTION CAPITALIST STATES
Theoretical Paradigm
Associated with
Globalization
The Network Society
School of Thought
It puts forth the premise that
technology and technological change
are the underlying causes of the
several processes that comprise
globalization
Manuel Castells Notion of "New
Economy"

INFOMATIONAL GLOBAL NETWORKED

Knowledge based In that production is In that productivity is
organized on a global generated through
scale global networks of
interaction
Theoretical Paradigm
Associated with
Globalization
Transnationality and
Transnationalism
It generally refers to an umbrella concepts
encompassing a wide variety of
transformative process, practices and
developments that take place
simultaneously at the local level and global
level
Theoretical Paradigm
Associated with
Globalization
Global Culture
Paradigm
These theorist emphasize the rapid
growth of the mass media and
resultant global cultural flows and
images in recent decades
Theoretical Paradigm
Associated with
Globalization
McDonaldization
The sociocultural processes by which
the principles of the past food
restaurant came to dominate more
and more sectors of US and later
world society
MISCONCEPTION
ABOUT GLOBALIZATION
 Globalization
includes a gamut of human activities that do
not require reference to a state’s national
borders

Internationalization
Includes activities by entities such as corporations,
states, international organizations, private
organizations, and even individuals in reference to
national borders and national governments
 Globalization
Is realized when national governments
“reduce or abolished regulatory measures like
trades barriers, foreign exchange restriction,
capital controls and visa requirements

Liberalization
Is commonly understood as the removal of
barriers and restrictions imposed by national
governments so as to create an open and
borderless world economy
Globalization as universalization and
westernization

Universalization denotes a process of spreading

various objects, practices and experiences to the
different parts of the planet